US2076947A

US2076947A - Spray nozzle

Info

Publication number: US2076947A
Application number: US28235A
Authority: US
Inventors: Johanson Georg Karl Vilhelm
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1934-04-07
Filing date: 1935-06-25
Publication date: 1937-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 1954-04-13

Description

April 13, 1937 G. K. v-. .JoHANsoN 2,076,947

SPRAY NOZZLE Filed June 25, 1935 Nx/EN'TOR GEORG KARL VILHELM JOHANON ATTORNEYS Patented pr. 13, 1937 STATES PATENT OFFCE SPRAY NOZZLE Application June 25, In Sweden 8 Claims.

The present invention relates to a spray nozzle of the adjustable type in which the spraying degree of the compressed liquid may be manually controlled.

The main object o1 the invention is to provide a spray nozzle of the type stated which is very simple and eii'ective, has a minimum of parts, and by means of which the flow of the jet may be controlled by a guide body located in the nozzle so that either a compact jet, or a more or less diiusely sprayed or atomized jet will be obtained at the mouth.

More particularly, the invention has as its object a spray nozzle comprising two parts axially movable relatively to each other, and located behind one another, the rear part being adapted to be secured to the fluid supply pipeV and surrounding the fore part. The mentioned fore part forms the nozzle proper and is iitted by being screwed into the rear part, which rear part is threaded except at the rear end, while the rear end of the fore part is threaded to correspond. Theguide body for the liquid is centrally secured in the rear part at such a distance from the junction with the fore part that the latter may be advanced toward the same, the periphery of the guide body being provided with guide channels, openings,or passages arranged in such a way, that according as the fore part is caused to approach o-r turned toward the guide body from the extreme outer position in which the liquid passes outside the guide body without whirling motion into thefront part so as to leave the mouth of the nozzle as a compact jet, an increasing part of the liquid is instead forced to pass the said guide channels or passages in a direction inclining toward the axis of the nozzle, with the result that the jets are at the same time caused to assume a spiral or whirling motion so that a progressively increasing spraying eiiect is obtained at the mouth of the nozzle.

Other objects will be clear from the following specication and from the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. l is an axial section through the nozzle according to the invention, showing an embodiment of the guide body.

Fig. 2 is a section on line II-II of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows the guide body of the nozzle in a position in section taken at right angles to Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a partial axial section of the nozzle, showing a second embodiment of the guide body.

Fig. 5- is a section on line V-'V of Fig. 4.

The numeral l, see Fig. 1, indicates a uid supply pipe or usual hose which by means of a 1935, Serial No. 28,235 April 7, 1934 slidable clamping member 2 is clamped to the widened portion 3 of the nozzle.

The nozzle consists of two parts, a rear part 3 and a fore part 4, the latter forming the spray nozzle proper, the said parts being axially movable relatively to each other. The rear part 3 has a substantially conically tapering portion 5 and is beyond said tapered portion provided with inteior threads. The part 4 is threaded on its exterior soV that it may be completely screwed off, and also screwed in so far that its rear inner end will rest against a guide and whirling body 6 located in the extended portion of the part 3, the cross section area of which body, in the example shown, is larger than the rear mouth of the nozzle part d, but may also be of a size about corresponding to the same. The purpose of said body, in certain positions of the nozzle part 4, is to transform the one way flowing direction of flow of the liquid and its various jets respectively, which have been subdivided by the body, into a whirling or spiral motion, so that a spraying effect may be obtained at the mouth of the nozzle. e

According to Figures 1 to 3 the cylindrical body 6I continuesby means of a conically tapering portion downwards in the form of a lower cylindrical part 1, the said parts being secured by being, for instance, pressed or tted on to a plate 8 secured in the wall of the nozzle part 3. From the periphery of the body a flange 9 projects, having guide slits or passages Ill for water, the said passages extending in planes parallel to the axis' of the nozzle while, the lower end of the slits, as shown, may continue in a recess of the conical portion 6. The limiting walls l2 of the slits Y extend in a plane through the body' at -rightangles tothe axis of the nozzle,- obliquely the same direction and with substantially the same mutual relation of angles relatively to the tangential and radial planes. Several such slits may be arranged as shown by dot and dashed lines at Ml'. The limiting walls of the slits, which walls'iorm guide surfaces for the water, are tangential to a cylinder which in the embodiment illustrated is somewhat smaller than the body 6, but the radius of which may be still somewhat smaller than has been shown, or greater, i. e. about equal to the radius of the body, whereby the guide walls substantially will be tangentially disposed relatively to the body Si and the inner surface of the flange 9, respectively.

Figures 4 and 5 show an arrangement which fundamentally corresponds to the one previously described. The guide walls according to the foregoing example are here, so to speak, extended,

since the cylindrical and hub-like guide body t is provided with projections or teeth I3 which form guide rails for the water and are connected with the body by a bolt i4, or are made integral with the same and secured to the wall of the nozzle part 3, the resulting passages or channels 25 extending obliquely1 to the nozzle axis. The guide rails project somewhat outside the forward end, viewed in the direction of flow, of the body S, and their guide surfaces extend axially in planes substantially parallel te the axis of the nozzle. In the described embodiment the guide rails are shown connected substantially tangcntially to the body 6, but they may also be disposed obliquely in another manner as has been described above in connection with the guide surfaces I2 in Figures -1 to 3.

The fore part 4 has a conically tapering portion I5 but may also taper continuously toward the mouth 4. The said mouth, which in the embodiment is shown conioally extended, is gauged according to the conditions. r)The mentioned fore part 4 is surrounded by a rubber ring or cylinder It which is secured between a flange I'I of a sleeve I8 and a washer Il pressed or tted upon the end oi the nozzle part 4, there being a second sleeve I9 which is provided with an angular ange i9 which, by means of the washer II is pressed against the beveled portion of the front end of the fore part 4 so that the sleeve is retained securely in position. The sleeve I9 may be connected in any other suitable way with the fore part 4, and the washer II may be made integral with the same. The fore part 4 is operated by manually turning the rubber ring I6. As partly indicated in broken lines in Fig. 1, it is easily possible to screw down the fore part 4 so that its inner end 22 extends into the body 6, the outer rubber ring being compressed by the upper ange Ii so as to bulge out at the sides at its intermediate or middle portion. The space between the inner end of part i9 and the forward end of member I8 as illustrated reveals that the fore part can thus be screwed in a distance even when the rear ange il has already made contact with the rounded shoulder 5 of rear part 3, and naturally, the fore part may be screwed into various intermediate positions in which the rubber ring I6 does not bulge out to as great extent as now indicated.

The numeral 20 indicates draining channels by which liquid, which may have entered the space 2i outside the nozzle through the thread connection, is entrained by the jet in the nozzle so that liquid is prevented from forcing its way out` between the sleeve I8 and the nozzle, i. e. rearwards past the rear part 3. The nozzle I, 2, 3 has at its rear end a shoulder or cut-out portion 23 which serves as a clearance over the threads upon the inner member 4 of the rear part so as to facilitate assembly of the nozzle. The rear portion of said forward member or nozzle is also provided with fabric or other material at 24 which serves as a packing means for closing the space or interstice between the sleeve I8 and said rear portion of the nozzle screwed upon inner member 4. Said packing 24 is located about the reduced portion of said rear part and prevents backward ow of liquid into space 2I.

In both embodiments the mode of action is the same. At 22 the inner threaded member 4 has a projection which is free from threads in order to render it possible toy insert the part 4 into and against the body 6. When the fore part 4 of the nozzle is in the extended or screwed-out position shown in Figures 1 and 4, the liquid atomized or divided by the body 6, while maintaining its one way direction of iiow, Will enter the lower end of the fore part 4 and leave the mouth 4 as a compact non-twisted jet. According as the part 4 is screwed down towards the whirling body 6, an increasing part of the liquid and the liquid jets, on account of the position of the guide surfaces I2 and the guide rails I3, respectively, is forced to pass the guide passages in the body in a direction inclined towards the axis of the nozzle, the water jets being at the same time caused to assume a spiral motion. The more the fore part 4 approaches the body 5, the greater the increase of the whirling and rotating motion and atomization, respectively, of the liquid entering the said part will occur, the said motion being maintained at the mouth 4 of the nozzle and producing the spreading and the spraying phenomenon of the liquid which, when the fore part 4 is very close to the body 6, will appear like a mist at the mouth. When the fore part 4 has been turned so far that its rear end rests against the body 6, any outilow of the liquid is prevented.

By screwing apart the parts of the nozzle, access may be afforded to the body 6 for inspection and cleaning, if desired.

The spray nozzle according to the invention is particularly intended for irrigating plants for gardens and the like, but it may also be used for any other plant or apparatus for distributing a fluid under pressure in which the mentioned control of the outiiow may be desirable. Thus, it is especially useful, for example, in washing automobiles or other vehicles in which a strong water jet is required in certain cases and a softer spraying, washing or douche in other cases.

Modifications of the embodiments shown are possible within the scope of the invention.` Thus, for instance the conical portion 6a according to Figures 1 to 3 may be omitted or less strongly embodied. The number of slits may vary as already mentioned. The plate 8 may be made integral with the body 6.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a spray nozzle, a fore part and a rear part mutually arranged for axial adjustment relatively to each other, the fore part being fitted in and surrounded by the end of the rear part, and a guide and whirling body for the liquid, the said body being centrally located in the rear part at a distance from the junction of the said part with the fore part and having a larger cross section area than the inner mouth of the fore part and peripheral guide passages for the liquid, the said passages being located substantially unlformly around the periphery of the body, the limiting and guide walls of the said passages extending longitudinally of said body and in substantial parallelism with the axis of the nozzle and disposing the passages therebetween in oblique directions with respect to said axis and in the same direction of rotation, so that as the inner mouth of the fore part is caused to approach the guide body, an increasing part of the liquid is forced to pass the guide walls of the passages of the body in a direction inclining towards the axis of the nozzle and thejets being at the same time put into a spiral motion. v

2. A spray nozzle according to claim 1, in which the guide walls, viewed in the axial direction and in the direction of flow, extend in advance of the body. I

3. A spray nozzle according to claim 1, in which the guide walls, viewed in the axial direction and in the direction of ow, extend in advance of the body, and in which the said walls are substantially tangentially disposed in relation to the guide 5 body.

4. A spray nozzle according to claim 1 in which the said rear part has a larger cross section behind the junction with the said fore part, and in which the periphery of the said cylindric guide 10 body has an annular ange extending in advance in which flange the guide passages are provided.

5. A nozzle according to claim 1, in which the said cylindric guide body has tangentially disposed projections extending in the same direc- 15 tion between which the passages for the liquid are formed and the ends of which are secured to the wall, of the said rear part, and which, viewed in the axial direction, extend in advance of the body.

20 6. A nozzle according to claim 1, in which the said partsof the nozzle are adjustable relatively to each other in such a manner that at maximum against the guide body.

z5 7. In a spray nozzle, a fore part and a rear part adapted for axial adjustment relatively to each other, the fore part being fitted in and surrounded by the end of the rear part, and a guide and whirling body for the liquid, the said body being centrally located in the rear part at a distance from the junction of the said part with the fore part and having a larger cross section area than the inner mouth of the fore part and peripheral guide passages for the liquid, the said passages being located substantially uniformly around the periphery of the body, the limiting and guide walls of the said passages extending to a limited extent longitudinally of said body in substantial parallelism with the axis of the nozzle and obliquely in the same general direction of rotation with respect to the same so as to dispose the passagesobliquely with respect toI said axis, the head part of the said nozzle being surrounded by a cylindric protecting and operating sleeve of rubber which is immovably connected with the said fore part of the nozzle.

8. A nozzle according to claim 7, into which adjacent to the mouth of the said fore part there open draining canals communicating with spaces located between the said protecting sleeve and the said nozzle.

GEORG KARL VILI-IELM JOHANSON.