US2644720A

US2644720A - Insert nozzle

Info

Publication number: US2644720A
Application number: US133418A
Authority: US
Inventors: Clifford H Carr
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1949-12-16
Filing date: 1949-12-16
Publication date: 1953-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 1970-07-07

Description

C. H. CARR INSERT NOZZLE 2i. Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 16, 1949 A TMRNEK July '7, 1953 C. H. CARR INSERT NOZZLE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 16, 1949 m, was

O Z W Patented July 7, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- v 2.6 20- o a INSERT NOZZLE-V Clifford H. c n, Kansas City, Mo. Application December 16, 1949; Serial No. 133,418

My invention relates to liquid spray nozzles and refers more particularly ,to nozzles for cooling liquidsby spraying theliquid into a .cooling atmosphere in the form of conical sprays. This type of nozzle is adapted for use in spray cooling systems such as cooling ponds, cooling towers,

systems for washing, cooling, humidifyngor de v humidifying air, and aera chemical spraying.-

"The present invention is an improvement over that disclosed in United States Letters Patent .No.

tion, of sewage or for 2,270,033, granted January 13, 1942.

Generally speaking, the type nozzle to which the present invention relates comprises a whirl chamber which has an inlet tangent to the out:

side wall so the velocity of the incoming liquid imparts a whirling motion to the liquid passing through the nozzle and discharging through an outlet orifice whose axis is at right angles to the whirl chamberofthe nozzle and inlet. I

A salient feature 'of the invention resides in the elimination of the usual threaded connectionssince the construction of the nozzle body is such that it may be inserted by a press fitting into the side of a.' flow pipe. In other words, the body of the nozzle is constructed to fit an aperture in the pipe or header made with a standard pipe bevelling tool.

In nozzles of this type prior to my invention it has been the usual practice to connect the nozzles to supply headers or branch pipes by using standard fittings employing threaded connections. The cutting and threading of pipe for attachment of such nozzles as well as the providing nipples, couplings and other necessary pipe fittings entail expensive labor operations but also costly materials. The instant invention represents a departure from the usual practice in that it provides a nozzle construction easily insertable into round apertures cut into the side of the flow pipe bevelled with a standard pipe reamer at proper spacing and secured to the pipe by simple clamping means. At the same time the advantages of the nozzle'described in Letters Patent No. 2,270,033 mentioned hereinbefore are preserved in that a major part of the energy of the incoming pressure head is converted into kinetic energy of rotation and the areas of the inlet and outlet are so related that substantially no back pressure develops in the whirl chamber. The

spray contour or discharge of the liquid from the nozzle outlet is therefore governed substantially entirely by the centrifugal force urging a thin film of the liquid over the inside surfaces of the outlet orifice.

reclaims. (o1. zoos-114) It is an object ofmy invention, therefore, to provide a nozzle construction that may be in serted into the sideofja pipe without the use of fittings normally required yet retain the advan- Letters Patent No.'2,270,03? .v

Another object of the invention is to provide a nozzle construction'which has an inlet immediately enlarged as it entersrthe nozzle soany solid particles ,that enter will pass through the nozzle without clogging and any solid particles even to substantially the size of the inlet will pass through due to its streamlined construction. .Afurther object of the invention is to provide a nozzle which will produce ,a uniform spray at tages of thenozzle COIlStlllCtiOllydiSOlOSBd.,iIl the lower pressures than are now standardfor similar devi s.

Another object is to provide a nozzle construction that permits the inlet of the nozzle to, be adjusted in any direction. V

Still another object is to provide a nozzle whose pipe insert portion is streamlined to reduce flow interference andturbulence thereby permitting installation of more nozzles on small branch headers than would usually be operable.

A further object'is to provide a nozzle which can be cast in two pieces without the usual sand core and metal stamping, thus efiecting a sub stantial economy in production.

Other objects and features of the invention will appear from the description which follows. In

the accompanying drawings which form a part. of the specification and are to be read in conjunction therewith and in which like reference numerals refer to like parts in the various views, Fig. l is a side view of a nozzle embodying the invention installed in a pipe, v

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2 -2 in Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrows,

Fig- 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 33 in Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrows,

Fig. 4 is a bottom view,

Fig. 5 is a view partly in section showing a modified use of theinvention,

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a vertical condenser showing another modified use and,

Fig. 7 :is an enlarged :view of a portionof the condenser shown in Fig. 6.. I

Referring to the drawings, the nozzle as a whol .has been designated by the numeral I 0. -Its cone-- shaped whirl chamber 1 l-'has an inlet I2 and-an outlet i3, the axes ofthe inlet andioutlet openings being at substantially right angles to each other and laterally displaced. The nozzle body is constructed in two piecesga lower portion It and an upper portion or cap [5. The whirl chamber H is formed within th united parts and has a top it having a smooth inner surface I? surrounding the outlet. The bottom of the whirl chamber adjacent the inlet and designated by the numeral I8 is in the form of a helix. The helix which forms the inlet rotates the liquid through 180 as it enters the Whirl chamber. The floor of the helix, numbered 19 at the entrance andas 20 where it mergesv into the floor f the whirl chamber, is indicated best in Fig 2. The pitch of the helix in the drawings is illusof the opening to the whirl chamber.

, trated to be substantially the same as the height toward the bottom and serves to wedge the nozzle j body in the pipe opening 2t, best shown previously stated the the nozzle is such as to cause a minimum of flow resistance tothe-flui'd;

when it. is fitted. in. a bevelled; in Figs. 1, 2 and 7. As within pipe construction of" The-eapportiom 15 1s flanged at ze-and has a downwardly extending annular" ring portion- 24:

which'registers With 'ahdfitsintoa correspond ine'ennular groove 2 inside--the uppered e of the lower half of the nozzle-er Fitting of the two'- parts inth-is manner forms a stepped lap joint which reduoes or eliminates leakage, without 'im terrupting-the smooth continuity ofthewhirlchamber- He Thewall 'of themap portion is like-- wisecircularandtapers upwardly; providing" a surface similar tothat on thelower: part which may beusedasthejoint or union with: the bevelledaperture of thefiow-pipeorhead'er. Twoears, 25=extend diametrically-from thelower mar"- gin oi the capportion l 5 3 These-ears are integral with the cap and have upturned ends 26a which T serve as attachments'for the clampingmeans which-mount the-nozzles on the pipe.-

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1'' and 2,: the lower section I 4 either nozzle is inserted intothe bevelled opening :21- in the-pipe wall i 22 and the cap-"isthenfitted-ingroove -255 A steel strap Zlapertu-r-ed midway -itslength andnear its ends asindicated in Figsel andrz iswr-apped around thepermitting operation with pipe and attached to-thehook's'fia extending upwardly at -the ends'o'fears.

into a liquid tight-union with 'thepipe-and' holds is "foreign-matter in the fluid; the inlet is faced A' tightenirig-bolt 28 is fitted into the-central apertureof the strap: and= when screwed againstth'e pipedraws th'emozzle away from the direction of flow to-reducelikelihood of clogging, The particular typeofclamping means may be-varied-so long asthe par-ts of the nozzle are held rigidly togetherand the noz zle body is sealed:firmly-in the:pipe. A further feature of importance is the'fact-that the-nozzle is so eonstructed that iii-may be :easily fitted into a bevelled opening in a pipe-'andisclampewby asimple strapping means thus-elirninating iii-.tings;

= -1. se ses-" ate ie ;;other; saidsmembembeing ilargeninr-si ze -atliit- 1 scribed above. A tapered T connection 30 is provided on the branch pipe with hooked shaped ears, 3|, extending opposite sides thereof.- The branch pipe or manifold is clamped onto the flow pipe in the same fashion as the nozzles were attached to the flow pipe or header as described herein-before. With this type connection numerous nozzles may be mounted on the branch ipe 29 instead of having but one-nozzle connected into'the. main flow pipe 22. g

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a further modified use wherein the nozzle caps are used as the insert joints and the flow is from a liquid body 32 V throug li the nozzles with individual sprays jetting into the vertical tubes 33. Thepressure head of water above the nozzles serve to keep the nozzles firmlylodged intherbetelled openings in the floor of the reservoir or tube header 34. By using the nozzles in this manner the cones of water from the nozzles are spread upon the inside surfaces of tli tiibes disti 'b the water uni-forml there'over ina swirl gm'otioii; thus increa the heatmransieear d emeiency 'of th'e apfiar'a Thus;- suchi'use of the nozzlesin a; condeii' entrance to the tubes.

so; '3 3; the arraingement shown be empmyed as a' w-ate vention is one well adapted tdatta'ir i all were set foi th-to'gether within: the s'cope ot' the claims? 7 While I have discfised sQme uses of lily "int/err tion, many other possible= em'bod-iiherits and uses 'may be made without==depart-ing-from 'th co e thereof; Therefore;- it is to 'b'eiunderstood that all matter-herein before =set forth or inth'e accompanying drawings is to be interpretedail lustrative and notina limiting sns? Having thus dSGl ed mw ifiventioni I claiiii: 1 VIni L combination} a fluid-" receptacle haiiin an aperturesinionei we. e ther 4 memberxdis'poseckirrs id per-tu tom; on one iside'eof said wall -an rimethan:saidz'lapertureebut taperingsexternallfroma'the rim;towardthe5bottom andithe vta'pe'r portion :being:seatedzzagainsti' the margin of said aperture; a second cu'psh'a'pedi member inverted I with respect:- to 'Jsaid firstff niember 'anddisposed-" threading of pipelandradditional materials:and;f

operations usual .to .:the ,attachm'ent :of :nozzle's, liquid flow pipes, headers-or manifolding. t

While tests indicate little ,difiicultyyiniobtaine ing liquid -tight joints; a; small 1 amount ofrleake:

age, isunobjectionable, and if desired, a rubber with itsrim:abuttingthe'rini of said firstzinembera whereby:saidacupeshapedsmemlciers?togethereiornr. s an enclosedtwhirlf chamb fa a spray; nozzle means-:fonaprily'ing; solel yso said second mem beria force directeditowardqsaidrwall therebyzftoimaintain said rims-togetheizand hold saiddzaper'edi portion seated against-the. margin of: said: apers ture; saidsecond member; containin iiuidpvort;--.- t said-firstmemberz containing; a t-flui ,portson their gasket .may beninserted the connection. A. modified form :of -the- ,invention is illustrated in Fig. 1 5 wherein a branch :pipe ,2 9, :is "connected ;to.-:

by-"fil dapte rgtov owv fromsaid;- re,- v pta s rouehi aidchamberaviasaid ports; and; 011630]? said-fluid ports comprising a= -tang ntm r v pa aeezf aidewhirlichambere e a mainflowy inezlz by asj inksimilaratothatjde-5755 A combination s in l im 1 where-rm tiles rims of said cupped members have complementary rabbeted edgesforming a stepped lap joint.

3. In combination; afluid receptacle having an aperture in one wall thereof, a cup-shaped member disposed in said aperture with its bottom on'one side of said wall and its rim on the other, said member being larger in size at its rimthan said aperture but tapering externally from the rimtoward the bottom and the tapered portion being seated against the margin of said aperture, a second cup-shaped member inverted with respect to said first memberand disposed with its rim abutting the rim of said first member where:- by said cup -shaped members together form an enclosed whirl chamber of a spray nozzle, clamping means unconnected with said first member between said second member and said wall for a drawing the two toward one another thereby to maintain said rims together and hold said tapered portion seated against the margin of said aperture, said second member containing a fluid port,

said first member containing a fluid port on the opposite side of said wall from said first member whereby fluid is adapted to flow from said receptacle through said chamber via said ports, and one of said fluid ports comprising a tangential inlet passa e forsaid Whirl chamber.

4. In combination, a fluid conduit having an aperture in the wall thereof, a cup-shaped member having its bottom projecting through said aperture into said conduit and having its rim on the outside thereof, a second cup-shaped member inverted with respect to said first member and disposed with its rim abutting the rim of said first member whereby the two cup-shaped members together form an enclosed whirl chamber of a spray nozzle, means including an element embracing the conduit and connected to said second member for drawing the latter toward said conduit thereby to maintain said rims in abutment and urge the rim of said first member toward said conduit, complementary annular abutting surfaces on said first member and said conduit limiting the inward movement of said first member and sealing said aperture around said first member, said first member containing at a point within said conduit a tangential inlet passage for the whirl chamber thereby to admit fluid from said conduit into said chamber, and a fluid discharge orifice in said second member.

5. In combination, a fluid conduit having an aperture in the wall thereof, a cup-shaped member having its bottom projecting through said aperture into said conduit and its rim on the outside of the conduit, a second cup-shaped member inverted with respect to said first member and disposed with its rim abutting the rim of said first member whereby the two cup-shaped members together form an enclosed whirl chamber of a spray nozzle, clamping means connected to'said second member and to said conduit for drawing said second member toward the conduit thereby to maintain said rims in abutment and urge the rim of said first member toward said conduit, complementary annular abutting surfaces on said first member and said conduit limiting the inward movement of said first member and sealing said aperture around said first member, said first wall an aperture adapted to receive frusto-conical outside wallton said first 011pshaped member tapering ,toward ;the, bottom thereof, and; a matching beveled seat encircling said aperture. I

their rims in abutting relation, the bottom of one of said members beinga pIaneend wall perpendicular t the axis ofthe whirl chamber and having a discharge orifice concentric;with;said

s.v h b t m-1 mm QDPOSite membe ccompr a heli a end w w ha nIeto ificesube.

stantially tangent to ,the inside annular wall, 01

V the whirlchamber and, disposed ntirely between. the beginning wand; terminationj of said helical wall, the annular wall of at least; one,,of,;said

cup-shaped memberdhaving an exteriornsurface which tapers from-the rim, of that member:

member with the rim thereof on one side ofsaid wall and the orifice therein on the otherside,

means for applying on the other cup-shaped member a force urging same toward said wall,

said aperture being smaller in size than the rim of said one member whereby the medial portion of said tapered annular wall is maintained seated against the margin of said orifice by said force;

8. In combination, a spray nozzle havinga whirl chamber comprising a pair of opposed cupshaped members disposed mouth-to-mouth with their rims in abutting relation, the bottom of the first of said members being a plane end wall perpendicular to the axis of the whirl chamber and having a discharge orifice concentric with said axis, the bottom of the second member comprising a helical end wall with an inlet orifice substantially tangent to the inside annular wall of the whirl chamber and disposed entirely between the beginning and termination of said helical wall, the annular wall of said second member having an exterior surface which tapers from the rim of that member toward the end, a fluid receptacle having an aperturein one wall adapted to receive said second member with the rim of that member outside the receptacle and the orifice therein on the inside of the receptacle, clamping means connected to said receptacle and to said first member to draw the first member toward said wall, and said aper ture being smaller in size than the rim of said second member whereby the medial portion of said tapered annular .wall is maintained seated against the margin of said orifice bysaid force.

9. In combination, a fluid receptacle having an aperture in one wall thereof, a spray nozzle inside said receptacle, said nozzle havin a whirl chamber comprising a pair of opposed cupshaped members disposed mouth-to-mouth with their rims in abutting relation, the bottom of the first of said members being a plane end wall perpendicular to the axis of the whirl chamber and having a discharge orifice concentric with said axis, the bottom of the second member comprising a helical end wall with an inlet orifice substantially tangent to the inside annular member containing at a point within said conduit a tangential inlet passage for the whirl chamber thereby to admit fluid from the conduit into said chamber,.and a fluid discharge port in wall of the whirl chamber and disposed entirely between the beginning and termination of said helical wall, the annular wall of said first member having an exterior surface which tapers from the rim of that member toward the end and said end being received in the aperture in 'said wall of the receptacle whereby the pressure of fluid in the receptacle holds the rim of said said one I awareness Citd iii th 1118' 61: this b'afinfi UNITED STATES PATENTS Date -11 Dec; 8, 1896 Dec. 13;. 11910 Sept. 19, 121. 4 Oct-.,14,- 192 Au 13,1921 i-F 114; 19128 un 10, .930

Kennedy itain- 1- .1-1: Nbir. 5, 1898