US2073274A - Shingle - Google Patents

Description

F. C. YOUNG March 9, 1937.

SHINGLE Filed May 9, 1936 INVENTOR TTORNEYS Patented Mar. 9, R 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in coverings for roofs and sidings and has particular relation to an improved shingle for. these coverings.

An object of the invention is to provide an individual type shingle of such construction that in a roof or siding covering, wherein the shingles are wide spaced, the appearance is that obtained when thick butt shingles are used.

Another object is to provide a shingle in which the lower edge is sealed to prevent bleeding and drying out of the asphalt or saturant.

A further object is to provide a shingle including means whereby the exposed edge portions of the shingles, when applied to a roof or siding,

are held in place in flat condition whereby the wind is prevented from getting under them to raise them and blow them off the roof or siding.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing wherein satisfactory embodiments of the invention are shown. However, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the details disclosed. but includes all such variations and modifications as fall within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended .claims.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view showing a number of the improved shingles as applied;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken substantially along the plane of the line 2--2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a similar view taken substantially along the plane of the line 3-3 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 'is a plan view on a somewhat smaller scale showing the under side of the lower portion of the improved shingle;

Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the outer side of g the lower end portion of the shingle Fig. 6 is an edge view of the portion of shingle shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a similar view but on a much larger 5 scale;

Fig. 8 is an end elevationalview taken as though looking from the lower edge of Fig. 5; and

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 but showing a slightly modifled arrangement.

Referring in detail to the drawing the improved shingle as here disclosed comprises-a body l8 including a fibre base, preferably of felt or the likeimpregnated with a suitable saturant such for example as asphalt or the like, whereby 5 the body is waterproof and has a certain amount of flexibility so as not to be brittle or readily breakable. On the upper or outer surface of the body there is a covering H of granular mineral material such for example as crushed slate or other suitable material. The shingle may be 5 made up in the usual sizes and weights following the established practice.

At one end the corners of the shingle are cut away providingshoulders 12 at opposite ends of a flange-like extension I3 (see the dotted lines Fig. 4) and thereafter such extension is folded under the body of the shingle providing an underfolded flange l4. This folding is done-while the shingle is warm so that it is sufficiently soft or pliable to be folded without breaking. This flange being an extension of the main body of the shingle also has its outer surface covered with the granular material ll so that the end edge portion lOa of the shingle between the shoulders I2 and represented by the underfolded flange I4 is of the same color and flnish as the outer surface of the shingle. The underfolded flange I4 is secured to the under surface of the body of the shingle by any suitable cementing material 28, preferably some such material as asphalt. It will be seen from Fig. 1 that the underfolded portion I4 is of considerably less length than the length of the butt of the shingle, that is the exposed portion between the lower edge of the shingle and the lower edges of the shingles in the next higher row. Thus the remainder of the body portion of the shingle is not stiffened up by the folded-portion but is left flexible so that it may seek its own level when warmed by the heat of the sun.

The underfolded flange l4 may be used to se cure in place a locking strip IS the main portion of which is located in the fold but the end portions of which extend beyond the" ends of the fold forming extensions 16 offset as at I! and adapted to be used for the purpose of anchoring the lower end of the shingle to the next lower shingles for securing the ends of the shingle in a flat condition so as to prevent the wind entering under and lifting them. A strip or quantity of asphalt or similar material l8 may be carried by the underside of the shingle at the free edge of the flange l4. Strip [5 is of metal and while it may be a piece of round wire it is preferred that it be of flat stock so that it will not be likely to turn about its longitudinal axis and get out of position and thus interferewith the rapid applying of the shingles as will later be fully set -forth.

- With the shingle described there is a distinct as gain in appearance when the shingles are applied .by the wide spaced method. Such method calls 2! and 22 overlying the, edges l9 and of the.

shingles A and B and with the opposed edges of such shingles A and B abutting the ends of the underfolded flange it of the shingle C. In applying shingle C the extensions it of its metal strip l5 are inserted under the opposing edge portions of the pair of shingles A and B so that the lower edge portion of shingle C is secured and anchored in a flatcondition. Also the asphalt strip !8 on the under surface of each shingle causes it to stick or adhere to the next lowermost shingle further anchoring the lower exposed end portion of the shingle.

The lower end or edge 24 of shingle C is above the lower ends or edges of shingles A and B, being over the upper end portion of a previously laid shingle D. Therefore the upper end 25 of shingle C is above or higher up the roof or siding than the ends 26 and 21 of shingles A and B. Thus the shingles in the adjacent vertical rows are staggered, while. the adjacent shingles in horizontal rows are quite widely spaced, this spacing being determined by the length of the underfolded portion l l. Following the application of shingle C the shingles E and F are applied in parallel spaced relation overlapping the side edges of the shingle C in such manner that the ends of their underfolded portions M are abutting the edges of such shingle C and that the extensions 56 of their metal strips 15 project under the overlapped edges of shingle C. Thereafter shingle G is applied in the manner described when considering the application of shingle C and the operation is repeated until the roof or siding is covered.

In each case the underfolded flange or portion ll of a shingle fllls the space between the op-- posed edges of thenext lowermost shingles. Also the lower edge of each shingle is anchored by its metal strip and by the asphalt strip l8. Howused alone. the asphalt strip being omitted.

Attention is particularly called to the fact that since the underfolded portion id in each shingle is'formed from an extension of the body of the shingle, the outer surface of such portion H and" the curved connectingedge portion Ilia are covered with the granules of slate or the like. Therefore the butt end portion of each shingle between the next laterally adjacent shingles is the same in appearance as the other outer surface portions of the shingle. There is no contrast in color or otherwise. I

Owing to the fold the applied shingles give the heavy butt or shadow effect desired, greatly improving the appearance of the covering. The shingle is protected by the fold against the bleeding and drying out of the asphalt that would occurif the lower cut edge of the shingle were exposed. In other words, the lower edge instead of being open and exposed is sealed bythis fold. This is important as preserving the shingle and increasing the lifeof the covering. The impregnation of the shingles with asphalt may be sumlength of fold i4 is omitted and two similar short pieces 29 are substituted. Such pieces 29- are the same as the end portions of strip l5 and each includes a portion 30 secured by the fold ll and an offset extension 31 to be disposed under the next adjacent shingles in covering a roof or siding. These may be applied when the fold is made or can be inserted by the workman on the job.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim is:

1. An individual shingle comprising a rectangular body of flexible felt impregnated with asphaltic material and having a continuous butt end, said body having at its lower orbutt edge in integral underfolded extension of less width than the width of the shingleand of considerably less length than the butt pf'the shingle so that the remainder of the shingle is flexible and may seek its own level over an uneven root surface un'der action of the sun, said extension being foldedunder the body while the body is warm and pliable and sealed to the underside of the edge of the shingle is sealed against bleeding, the top surface of the shingle and undersurface of the folded under extension being covered with granular mineral material and the remainder of the-undersurface of the body being free of said granular material.

2. An individual shingle comprlsing'a rectangular body of flexible felt impregnated with asphaltic material and having a continuous butt end, said body having at its lower or butt edge an integral underfolded extension of less width than the width of the shingle and of considerably less length than the butt of the shingle so that the remainder of the shingle is flexible and may seek its own level over an uneven roof surface under action of the sun, said extension being folded under the body while the body is warm and pliable and. sealed to the underside of the botlv by asphaltic material so that the folded edge of the shingle. is sealed against bleeding, a transversely extending strip of asphaltic material on the undersurface of the body at the inner free edge of the underfolded portion to seal to the surface of an under-element, the top surface of the shingle and undersurface of the folded under extension being covered with granular material and.

the remainder of the undersurface of the body being free of said granular material.

3. An individual shingle comprising a rectangular body of flexible felt impregnated with asphaltic material and having a continuous butt end, said body having at its lower or butt edge an; integral underfolded extension of considerably less length than the butt of the shingle so that the remainder of the shingle is flexible and may seek its own level over an uneven roof surface under actionof the sun, said extension being folded under the body while the body is warm and pliable and sealed to the underside of the body by asphaltic material so that the folded edge of the shingle is sealed against bleeding, a transversely extending strip of asphaltic material on the undersurface of the body at the inner free edge of the. underfolded portion to seal to the surface of an under-element, the top surface of Cil the shingle and undersurface of the folded under extension being covered with granular material and the remainder of the undersurface of the body being free of said granular material.

4. A roof or siding covering composed of individual shingles laid in wide spaced relation in overlapping courses, each shingle comprising a rectangular body of flexible felt impregnated with asphaltic material and having a continuous butt end, said body having at its lower or butt edge an integral underfolded short portion of a width equal to the space between individual shingles in the same course and of considerably less length than the butt of the shingle so that the remainder of the shingle is flexible and may seek its own level over an uneven roof surface under action of the sun, said under portion being folded under the body while the body is warm and pliable and sealed to the underside of the body by asbhaltic material so that the folded edge of the shingle is sealed against bleeding, the top surface of the shingle and the undersurface of the folded under portion being covered with granular mineral material and the remainder of the undersurface of the body being free of said granular material.

5. The roof or siding covering oi! claim 4 in which there is a transversely extending strip of asphaltic material on the undersurface of the body of each shingle at the innerfree edge of the underfolded portion to seal to the surface of an under-element.

FREDERICK C. YOUNG.

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