US2072882A - Enameled metal wall construction - Google Patents

Description

March 9, 1937. w. HOGENSON ENAMELED METAL WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 50, 1934 wm/m/ //0 @7780.

Patented Mar. 9, 1937 PATENT OFFICE 2,072,882 ENAMELED METAL WALL CONSTRUCTION William Hogenson, Hinsdale, Ill., assignor to Chicago Vitreous Enamel Product 00., Cicero, 111., a corporation of Illinois Application August 30,

15 Claims.

This invention relates to enameled metal wall construction of a type particularly suited for use in the erection or remodeling of buildings, homes, filling stations and the like.

I In constructing external or internal walls of porcelain enameled metal, a number of problems are always present. It is, of course, essential to devise a method whereby the enameled metal plates or sections can be securely held in place 10. Without danger of becoming loose due to expansion or contraction or buckling of the plates. It is also necessary that the joints between the porcelain enameled metal plates or sections be water tight to prevent the seepage of water or 15 moisture inwardly. There is also the problem of so insulating the enamel metal wall structure as to make it pofsible to keep the interior of the building comfortable notwithstanding extremes of atmospheric conditions. This includes provid-p 20 ing means for preventing .the collection oi moisture on the inside of the enameled metalplates or sections under conditions that wouldkcause' sweating of the metal. As a final consideration, the joints between the enameled metal sections 25 must be so concealed or ornamented as to create a pleasing appearance to thewall or building.

Numerous types of constructions have been devised looking toward a solution of these various problems. The present invention has for its object to provide a wall construction of a relatively simple and inexpensive type that is peculiarly adapted for use in the erection of new buildings or the remodeling of existing frame houses and similar structures.

It is a further object of this invention to provide an enameled metal wall construction wherein the enameled metal panels are individually mounted on rigid insulation board and are secured in position in the wall structure in spaced relation from each other to compensate for expansion and contraction of the panels and to permit easy replacement of the panels from the outside of the wall without disturbing any other panel or part of the supporting structure.

It is a further important object of this invention to provide an enameled metal wall construction that does not require highly skilled labor in its erection and wherein inexpensive and ordinary building materials may be used rather than the more or less special types of keying devices and the like that have heretofore been proposed.

It is a further important object of this invention to provide a construction that will insure water tight joints between the enameled metal 1934, Serial No. 742,029 (Cl. 189-85) plates or sections and the underlying-structural elements of the wall construction.

It is a further important object of this inventionto provide a type of enameled metal wall construction that may be erected dry, that is, without the use of aqueous cement, plasters, and the like for filling in joints.

It is a further important object of this invention to provide a permanent, water tight and heat insulated wall construction using porcelain enameled metal as the external or internal surface material.

Other and further important objects of this invention will become apparent from the following description, the drawing and appended claims.

On the drawing:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational view of a portion of enameled metal wall construction embodying the principles of my invention, with parts broken away and in section.

Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken substantially on the line II-II of Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a modified type of joint construction.

Figure 4 is a sectional view showing a further modification of my invention.

Figure 5 is a broken elevational view of the metaltrim shown in Fig. 4.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary enlarged bottom plan view of 'the metal trim shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

As shown on the drawing:

The reference numeral ill indicates a wall which may represent new construction or a portion of an existing frame structure that is m be remodeled to provide an external surface of porcelain enameled metal. Said Wall structure it; includes vertically extending studding H and horizontally extending stringers l2 joined together in the usual way. A baseboard it, floorboard or the like, extends around the ham of the wall structure.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, each of the props or studs ii is provided with a narrower strip of .wood, or furring strip l3, that extends longitudinally of the prop or stud and is initially secured thereto by means of nails or the like, with an underlying layer 14 of a mastic cement or adhesive. As shown, the furring strips l3 are about a third or a quarter of the width of the studs H and are secured to the broader, outward faces of said studs H centrally of such faces. Instead of separately nailing furring strips to the studding,

--a specially formed studing or stringer may be made with an integral strip on one or both faces, as indicated at 50 (Fig. 1).

'Wall boards E of suitable, rigid'insulation material, are positioned against the exterior faces of the studs Ii with their ends in abutting relation to the strips l3 and with a layer of plastic cement or adhesive between the adjacent surfaces, as at E6 and H. The boards l5 are preferably of such thickness that their externalsurfaces are flush with the external faces of the strips I 3. It will be understood that the thicknesses of the adhesive layers l4, I6 and I! are somewhat exaggerated in the drawing for purposes. of illustration and that in reality these layers are relatively thinner than indicated.

Plates or sections i8 of porcelain enameled metal are secured to the panels of insulation board 55 by means of a layer IQ of suitable cement. Preferably the plates l8 and insulation board l5 are pre-fabricated, ahead of the actual erection job, so that each enameled metal plate l8 has a panelof wall board as a backing. The assembled panels are handled as units and properly positioned with respect to the studding and stringers; In each assembled panel, the marginal portions. 20 of the enameled metal plates overhang, or extend beyond the backing of insulation board so as to'overlie the furring strips l3 when the panel is positioned in place.

Said enameled metal sections l8 may be of any convenient size, say, from 2 to 8 feet-in length and from 6 to 24 inches in width. The panels are arranged in horizontal rows with the vertically extending joints preferably staggered.

' In securing the panels in place, with the adjacent outer edges 20 overlapping the exterior facesof the strips l3, each plate I8 is slightly spaced from the adjacent plates to allow for expansion and contraction and also to permit fastening of the trim in place, as will presently be described. The joints between said edges 20 and the face of said strips l3 are caulked, as at 2|.

'I'heporcelain enameled plates [8 are provided with holes'along their edges 20 to permit nails 22 to be driven. therethrough into the strips I3, thereby securing said plates iii in place. The nails 22 are ordinarily of such length that they do not extend into the props or studs II, but longer nails may be used if desired.

Metal strips 23, which may suitably be of stainless steel, chromium plated steel or the like, serve as trim for concealing the heads of the nails 22' and the joints between the adjacent enameled metal plates l8. Said metal strips 23 are provided with apertures at spaced intervals: to per-' mit them to be secured in place, as by means of screws 24, that are threaded through the wooden strips I 3 into the props or studs ll. Each of the strips 23 is provided with edge flanges 25 that are adapted to abut'against the surfaces of the adjacent enameled metal plates I8 to provide a comparatively tight joint. The resiliency of the metal strips 23 aids in insuring tight joints be-' tween the strips and the adjoining enameled metal plates l8. I

It will be understood that similar joints are provided between the insulation boards, the porcelain enameled metal plates, and the horizon tal stringers l2. In each case, a continuous layer of plastic cement, adhesive or the like, is preferably applied between all of the adjoining or abutting surfaces of the'members making up the joint, so that the joint will be entirely water.- proof. Suitable types of plastic cements or adhesives are available for this purpose. They are preferably of an oil or asphalt type rather than of a water type, so as to avoid the necessity of being dried-out.

The joint structure illustrated in Fig. 3 comprises a pair of channel shaped structural elements 3!) and 3| arranged with their web portions in back to back relationship. The channel members 30 and 3| may be of metal, preferably rolled steel, and'serve as structural elements of the building in place of the wooden studding and stringers previously described. In building up of joints about the channel members 30 and 3| these members are first provided with wooden filler strips 32 and 33, suitably secured in place. The remaining joint structure is substantially as ,above described. Wooden strips I 3a are cemented or otherwise secured along the broad faces of the filler strips 32, or formed integral therewith,

, and insulation board I50. faced with porcelain enameled metal sections |8a are secured in place by means of nails 22a, trimming strips 23a and screws 24a.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. 3, both the internal and external wall surfaces may be built up and joined to the channel members 30 and 3| in the same way. The space 5| between the insulation boards may be filled with loose or blanket insulation material, if desired.

In Figs. 4 to 6 inclusive, there is shown a similar type of .joint construction but with a different form of trim. Strips 35 of trimming material are formed by folding flat strips of-metal to provide a continuous, fiat outer surface 36 and an inner slotted surface made up of the opposing flanges 31 and 38. Said flanges 3'! and are spaced apart for portions of their length to provide slots 39 for receiving the shanks of the nails 40 and for other portions of their length are ,provided with enlarged slots 4| capable of permitting the passage therethrough of the heads of said nails 40.

In the construction shown in Figs. 4 to 6 inclusive, nails similar to the nails 22 may be used or not, but it is suflicient to use nails 40 and the trimming strips 35 for securing the enameled -provide for the insertion of the nails 40. Said nails 40 are then driven part way into the strips I32) and the trimming strips 35 inserted over the heads of said nails 40 and moved along until said nail heads 40 are enclosed within said strips with the shanks of the nails extending through the narrower slot portions 39. .With the trimming strips in this position, the nails 40 are pounded in the rest of, the way, using a wooden strip or other protecting means to prevent marring the trimming strips35. Instead of driving the nails 40 in on the job, the nails may be partially driven ahead of time, by machinery or otherwise, into special studding and stringers having the furring: strip integrally formed therewith as indicated at studding and stringers may be' adapted to use. by the simple expediency of securing narrower wooden strips, such as the furring strips l3, to their exterior faces. Another advantage of my type of construction is that it eliminates the necessity of using hydraulic setting materials, such as mortar, plaster or the like.' All of the joints are pointed or caulked with an elastic or mastic cement that does not introduce water into the joint.

An important feature of my construction is that the enameled metal plates or panels are separately and independently mounted, so that successive panels do not have to sustain the weight of each other or of other panels. Each panel sustains only its own weight and is separately secured in place and may be readily replaced if necessary. Furthermore, since successive panels do not contact each other, there is no likelihood of the panels buckling or springing from expansion or contraction.

9 I am aware that many changes may be made and numerous details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of this invention, and I, therefore, do not purpose limiting the patent granted 35 hereon otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

l. A wall structure comprising structural members, wooden strips positoned thereagainst, insulation board positioned against said members and abutting said strips, metal sections overlying said insulation board with their edges extending along said strips, trim concealing said edges and means securing said trim .to said strips.

2. A wall structure comprising structural members, wooden strips positioned thereagainst, insulation board positioned against said members and abutting said strips, porcelain enameled metal sections overlying said insulation board with their edges extending along said strips, trim concealing said edges and means securing said trim to said strips, a waterproof adhesive layer sealing the joints between said sections and said strips, be-

tween said insulation board and said strips and between said insulation board and said structural 5- members.

3. A wall structure comprising structural members, wooden strips positioned thereagainst, insulation board positioned against said members and abutting said strips, porcelain enameled metal sections overlying said insulation board with their edges extending along said strips, means securingsaid metal sections to said strips, trim concealingding, furring strips extending along said studding, insulation board adhesively secured to said studding and to said strips in abutting relation to said strips, enameled metal sections adhesively secured to said insulation board with the edges of said sections extending along said strips and trim overlying said edges.

6. A wall structure comprising wooden studding, furring strips on said studding, insulation board adhesively secured to said studding and to said strips in abutting relation to said strips,

enameled metal sections adhesively secured to said insulation board with the edges of said sections extending along said strips, trim overlying said edges and means extending through said I trim into said strips to secure said trim and sections in place.

'7. A wall structure comprising structural members, strips secured thereto, insulation board secured to said structural members and to said strips with the outer surfaces of said insulation board and of saidstrips flush with each other, enameled metal sections adhesively secured to said board with their edges extending along saidstrips and means securing said sections to said strips.

8. A wall structure comprising structural members, strips secured thereto, insulation board secured to said structural members and to said strips with the outer surfaces of said insulation board and of said strips flush with each other, enameled metal sections adhesively secured to said board with their edges extending along said strips, means securing said sections to said strips, metal trim overlying said edges and means securing said trim and said strips to said structural members. I

9. A wall structure comprising wooden structural members, wooden strips secured thereto,

insulation board secured to said structural members and to said strips with the outer surfaces of said insulation board and of said strips flush with each other, enameled metal sections adhesively secured to said board with their edges extending along said strips and nails securingtsaid sections to said strips.

10. A wall structure comprising wooden structural members, wooden strips secured thereto, insulation board secured to said structural members and to said strips with the outer surfaces of said insulation board and of said strips flush with each other, enameled metal sections adhesively secured to said board with their edges extending along said strips and means securing said sections to said strips.

11. A wall structure comprising channel shaped metal structural members, wooden fillers for said members, furring strips secured to said fillers, insulation board secured to said fillers and to said strips, enameled metal sections overlying said board with their edges extending along said strips, nails securing said sections to said strips' and trim concealing said nails and the joints between said sections.

12. A wall structure comprising structural members, relatively narrow wooden strips extending along the faces thereof, panels of insulation board abutting against said members and strips and flush with the outer faces of said strips, metal sections overlying said panels with their edges extending along said strips, there being a continuous waterproofing layer extending between all adjacent faces of said members, strips, panels, and metal sections, and means securing said metal sections of said strips.

13. A wall structure comprising structural members, relatively narrow Wooden strips extending along the faces thereof, panels of insulation board abutting against said members and strips and flush with the outer faces of said strips, metal sections overlying said panels with their edges sulation board abutting against said members and strips and flush with the outer faces of said strips, a porcelain enameled metal plate adhesively secured to each panel and overlying the panel with into said strips.

its edges extending therebeyond, there being a continuous waterproofing layer extending between all adjacent faces of said members, strips, boards, and metal sections, flat headed nails ex-- tending into said'strips between said edges and a flanged metal trim having a slotted inner face for receiving the heads of said nails to be secured in place by said nails.

, '15. In a wall structure including structural members with wooden strips extending therealongand projecting therefrom, laminated panels having an outer lamination of metal extending beyond the edges of the underlying lamination to overlie-said wooden strips, the metal edges of adjacent panels being spaced apart, trim overlying said spaced apart edges and securing means extendingfrom said trim between said edges and- WILLIAM HOGENSONI.

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