US2067821A - Justified lines typewriter - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 12, 1937. I w. o. BELL '2,067,821

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00o ooo 000` vaan ou 0ob` Patented Jan. y12, "1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE i 2,067,821 b J USTIFIED LINES TYPEWRITER William Oscar Bell, .Highland Park, Ill., assgnor to Robert H. Loomis, Chicago, Ill.

Application May 31, 1932, Serial No. 614,446

42 claims. (ci. 19T-2o) machine of new and improved construction for producing printed matter, which in composition will have the appearance of matter printed by a printing press, but which will be produced without the casting or setting of type for each character.

More specically this invention provides mechanism for printing directly from a font of type characters, combined with a spacing mechanism adapted to regulate the space between words so that the lines will exactly fill a predetermined' measure, in other words, so that the lines will be justified.

Another feature of this invention is to provide means for printing each character lon its own proper body so that each character will occupy a space adapted to its normal size.

In this connection, -the invention contemplates the provision of a type plate having type characters thereon of Various widths and improved mechanism for selectively positioning the type plate to bring any desired type face into position for printing.

Another object is to provide an` improved mechanism for advancing the paper or other impression receiving material in step by step movements of any desired amplitude.

Another object is to provide an improved mechanism for automatically controlling the ings.

movement of the impression receiving material according to the normal width of the particular type character to be struck.v

Further objects of the invention will be apparent from the detailed description of the embodiment of the invention shown in the draw- In this connection, the inventor includes as specic objects the various novel constructions and arrangements of the various parts and their combinations with each other for attaining the above mentioned-objects and such'other objects as will appear from the following specification. l

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a front elevation of a machine embodying the principles of my invention.

Fig-2 is a side elevation of the machine looking from the right hand side of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine with certain parts cut away for purposes of-clearness.

Fig. 4 is the developmentof the type and plate showing the preferred arrangement of type faces thereon.

Fig. 5 is a fragment of a perforatedribbon employed in connection with the operation of the' machine. f

Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical section of the mechanism shown in Fig. l for positioning selected type characters in'printing position and for imparting spacing movements to the carriage of the machine.

Fig. 7 is a detail plan view of the'y partA of the mechanism shown in Fig. 6 for imparting oscil- 10 lating movements to the type plate; the jaw 4 members of themechanism being shown in closed position.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the same mechanism open position.

Fig. 9 is a detail plan View of the mechanism for imparting reciprocating movements to the type plate with the jaw members of saidmechbut showing the jaw members in their normal 15 anism in their normal open position and show- 20 in'g also the carriage advance arml and a movable stop plate for limiting the movementvof said carriage advance arm in accordance with the width of the type character positioned for printing.

. 25 Fig. 10 is a plan view of the justifying mechanism.

Fig. 1l is a perspective view of the justifying mechanism with parts thereof broken away to illustrate the intermeshing relation of the gears 3g and sector members.

Fig. 12 is a plan view of the carriage advance arm together with the cam and associated link mechanism for operating said arm; said parts being shown in the positions which they assume 35 when the arm engages the movable stop plate shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 13 illustrates the same mechanism with the carriage advance arm moved away from said movable stop plate.

Fig. 14 is a section of a roller clutch mechanism taken through line a-a of Fig. 15.

Fig. 15 is a vertical section ofthe clutch mechanism taken through line b--b of Fig. 3.

Fig. 16 is a side elevation of the ratchet mech- 45 anisms for advancingthe paper in the machine. Fig. 17 is a section taken o`n line d-d of Fig. 16 to illustrate a yieldable detent for holding the paper advance roll against accidental movement.

Fig. 18 is a plan view of the mechanism for 4feeding the perforated ribbon through the machine.

feeding mechanism.

Fig. 20 is a side elevation of a portion of the advance mechanism.

Fig. 21 is a view in perspective of the contact pin bar and the contact bar of the ribbon feeding mechanism.

Fig. 22 is a chart showing the various combinations of the justifying mechanism.

- Fig. 23 is the wiring diagram of the preferred Y embodiment of the invention. y

Fig. 24 is a plan view of a modied form of the carriage advance mechanism.

Fig. 25 is the same view as Fig. 24 showing another adjustment.

Fig 26 is a section taken on 25.

Fig. 27 is a plan view of a modified form. of type positioning mechanism.

` Fig.,28 is a side elevation of the-mechanlsm shown in Fig. 27.

Fig, 29 is a fragmentary frontelevation taken on line y-y of Fig. 28. i

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the invention comprises broadly a carriage A on which the paper or other impression material is car ied; a type plate B on which the type charac s are carried; a hammer arm C for bringing the type characters and the paper into printing engagement; a type plate positioning mechanism D for selectively positioning the type plate to bring any desired type character thereon into printing position; a carriage moving mechanism E for imparting movements of varying amplitudes to the carriage; and associated with the carriage moving mechanism, a character advance stop F and a'spacing stop G, the former for gauging the amount of movement of the carriage according to the size of the character to be struck and the latter for adjusting the sizes of the spaces between words to justify the line.

The invention is designed to be operatively line :n-x of Fig.

` controlled by a perforated ribbon H (Fig. 19)

similar to the ribbon produced by the monotype composing machine. This ribbon .(a fragment of which is illustrated by Fig. is reversely fed into the machine herein shown so that the perforations last made are the first to operate the typewriting mechanism, the typewriting being performed therefore, in a backward or reverse orden Inj order to facilitate an understanding of the detailed description of the operating mechanism, a preliminary explanation will be given regarding the preferred arrangement of the type characters or faces on the type plate B. 'I'his arrangement of the type characters, as illus- 'of the capital M. With such arrangement of the type faces any desired character can be readily located by referring to the vertical row, and the horizontal row in which the character lies.

The type plate B is arcuate in shape, being the longitudinal fragment of a cylinder and is mounted for Vboth longitudinal and vertical movements. The type plate B is preferably mouted'by suitable means so that it may be readily interchanged with a similar type plate having type of a different Guide bar 2 is journaled at 6 and size, design, etc. The

rst mechanism to be hereinafter described will be the actual printing mechanism and then the means for moving the type plate B to selectively position the same so as to bringany desired type character into printing position.

The printing mechanism of the machine at 3 and 4 (Fig. 3) and is engaged by rollers 5 secured to the carriage A. 1 to a xed part of the machine for a purpose hereinafter described. The movable carriage A carries a sheet of paper or other impression receiving material 8, a paper guide plate 9, paper feedroL 1ers III and II, a receiving-cylinder I2, and a rack I3. The rack I3 is geared to a clutch mechanism I4 to be hereinafter described. interposed between the paper 8 and the typeA plate B is an ink ribbon I5. which travels by known means, such as is employed in the ordinary typewriter,

between a pair of spools I6 and I1 (Fig. 3)

mounted at I8 to a fixed part of the machine.

The paper 8 is moved into printing engagement with the ribbon I5 and the type plate B by a magnetically operated hammer arm I9, slidably mounted in a U-shaped supporting frame in back of the paper 8, and adapted to be actuated by an armature 2l and a magnet 22. 'I'he magnet is fixed to the supporting frame 20 and the armature 2l is pivoted at one end to the frame 28 and at the other end to the hammer I9. A spring 23 interposed between the armature 2i and the frame 20 holds the hammer I9 in its retracted position, said position being determined by a stop 24 on the hammer which abuts against the frame '20. The type plate B is locked in position during the printing contact of the type by a holding pin 25 adapted to fit into indentations 26 on the back face of the type plate behind each type face. The holding pin 25 is slidably supported in the head of a post 21, the latter of which is secured at 28, 29 to a fixed part of the machine. A spring 30A holds the pin-25 against the type plate B. The pin 25 is retracted from its holding position by means of alever 3| pivoted on the post 21. 'I'he upper end of the lever 3l engages the head end of the holding pin. The lower end of the lever 3| engages an actuating rod 33 which is slidably supported in the post 21. The lower end of the rod 33 seats on one end on a lever arm 34 fulcrumed at 35 to a xed part of the machine. The other end of the lever 34 carries a. roller 36 adapted to ride on an actuating cam 31 which is pinned to a continuously driven vertically disposed shaft 38.

Mechanism for oscillating and reciprocating the type plate The printing of a particular type character, obviously, requires the type plate B to be moved to a predetermined position relative to the hammer I9. The mechanism for accomplishing this result is as follows:

The type plate B is fixed on a sleeve 39 by means of a web 48. The sleeve is spined by a key or feather 4I (Fig. 3) to a shaft 42 so as to permit the sleeve to move longitudinally of the shaft, but not to rotate thereon. The shaft is journaled at 43, 44 to a fixed part of the machine. The said shaft 42 together with the typeplate are oscillated by means of a gear sector predetermining the amplitude of movement df secured to the shaft 42 and meshing with a.' gear sector 46 (Fig. 3) on an arm 41 of a bellcrank. The bellcrank 48 is journaled to oscillate about the axis of -the continuously driven shaft 38, heretofore referred to. The shaft 38 is mounted at 49 toa fixed part of the machine and parallel to the shaft 42. The arm 50 (Fig. 8) of the bellcrank 48 is provided with a depending contact pin 5I which is engaged by the closing movement, hereinafter described, of a pair/fof clamp jaws, thereby swinging ythe bellcrank about its axis and imparting an oscillatory movement of predetermined amplitude shaft A21 and t'o the type plate B.

However, before describing the-mechanis`m for the bellcrank 48 and the proportionate oscillating movement to the type plate B, it will be well to describe the mechanism for imparting an axial or reciprocating movement to the type plate B. Returning, therefore, to the sleeve member 39 (Fig. 3) which, as previously noted, is splined to the shaft 42. The lower portion of said sleeve member is formed with gear teeth 52 to provide a circular rack 53 adapted to be driven by a pinion gear 54 to raise. or lower the sleeve member 39. The said gear is keyed to a stub shaft 55 which is rotatably mounted in supporting brackets 56 and 51. The opposite end of the stub shaft is provided with. abevel gear 58 which meshes with a rack 59 carried on a belllcrank 60. This bellcrank, like the bellcrank 50, is also journaled on the vertical shaft 38. The arm 6I of bellcrank 68 is provided with a projecting contact pin 62 adapted to be engaged by the closing movement of .a pair of jaws whose movements are controlled, as hereinafterdescribed, to determine the amplitude of movement.of the arm and thereby control the extent of the reciprocating movement of the sleeve member 39 and the type plate B. The movement of the other arm of bellcrank 68 does not affect the movement' of the type plate B, and, therefore, may be disregarded for the moment.

Having thus far determined the arm 50 of thev bellcrank 48 for oscillating the type plate B and the arm 6I of bellcrank 6I) for reciprocating the type plate B, the mechanism will next be described for predetermining the movement-impartedl tothearms 50 and 6I to so Aposition the type plate B that a desired type face is in printing position,'i. e.opposite the contact end of th hammer arm I9.v

The positioning stops This mechanism comprises broadly two sets of stops of fifteen each, one set 63 (Fig. 8) for the oscillating mechanism (bellcrank arm 50) and the other set 64 (Fig. 9) for the reciprocating' mechanism (arm 6I of bellcrank ,60). The respective stops of set 63 are designated (Fig. 8) by the characters A to N, inclusive, and likewise' the respective stops of set 64 are ma'rked (Fig. 9) from 1 to A15 inclusive. Each of the stops of the set 63 for the oscillating mechanism represents a particular -vertical row of the type plate B, and are so positioned that when the arm 50 ticular horizontal rowof the type plate B and opposite the hammer arm I9.

are so coordinated with the arm 6I of bellcrank 6I)v that when the arm 6I is in alignment with a particular stop, the horizontal row of the type plate B represented by said stop will be directly For a purpose, hereinafter explained, stops 63 and 64 are so .arranged that the vertical axes ofl respective stops of each set`are an equal distance apart on a 45 arc described from the axis of the drive shaft 38. Set 64 is positioned directly above set 65 and on a similar 45 arc. A's will now be readily seen, any desired character on the type plate B may be brought into printing position by aligning the armV 50 with the stop of the set 63 representing the vertical row in which the desired character is located, and, at the same time, aligning the arm 6I with the stop of the set 64, representing the horizontal line in which the desired character is located on type plate B.

AThe mechanism for actuating the stops 63 and 64 and means for bringing the respective arms 50, 6I into alignment with the particular stops actuated will now be described in detail.

The stop actuating mechanism v Block 65 is of substantiallyless thickness than the length of the stops 63, so that they will protrude from the upper and lower surfaces thereof. The upper ends of all of the stops, ex-

-of bellcrank 48 is in alignment with the stop cept the lstop 63', are normally held retracted within the block 65 by meansv of coil springs 68.

'I'he lower end of each stop is seated on one of a set of fifteen stop levers 66 (Fig. 3). The stop levers 66 are fulcrumed at 61 to a fixed part of the machine. Each lever is actuated, by a suitable electro-magnet, to move its particular stop upwardly so that it' will protrude above the upper surface of the block 65. The stops 63 and their supporting block 65 are mounted slightly below and beyond the outer end of arm 58 which carries the projecting pin 5I.

'I'he stops 64, being the horizontal row stops, are 'somewhat similarly supported in a block 69v adjacent the axial or reciprocal positioning arm 6-I. block 69fand, except for the stop 64 are normally held retracted within the block by means of coil spring 13. The said stop 64', however,

normally projects below the block 69. Each one of a set of stop leversy 1I, seated on a corresponding stop 64, is fulcrumed at 12 to a fixed The stops 64 are slidably supported in they and beyond the outer end of arm 6I, carrying the,

projecting pin 62.

Before proceeding with the description of the mechanism for actuating the stop levers 66 and the stop levers 1I to move any desired stop out of its normal position, reference will first be made t the operating ribbon H.

When a character key is struck on the monotype composing machine, two perforations are ordinarily made on the monotype ribbon;` one perforation denoting the horizontal or numbered row of the type-plate B (Fig. 4) in which the corresponding type face is located; the other perforation denoting the vertical or lettered `row75 The said two perforations are required, therefore, to determine the exact position on the type plate B to properly locate a desired type facev in position for printing.

As the perforated ribbon is fed into the apparatus it passes between contact members and normally holds open the electric circuit through the magnets for operating. the levers 66-1|. However, when the two perfcrations above referred to move into register with predetermined contact members, the said contacts come together so as to close two electric circuits. One of these circuits will energize a magnet adapted to actuate the desired vertical positioning stop lever 66 and ,the other circuit will energize a magnet adapted to actuate the desired horizontal positioning stop lever 1|.

Referring to Fig. 1, each of the magnets 14 is mounted on a suitable bracket 15 which is suitably securedK to a fixed part of the machine. Adjacent each of the magnets and projecting somewhat thereabove is a push rod or stop lever actuating rod 16 which extends downwardly and into engagement with one of the stop levers 66, 1|, as the case may be. Pivoted to the top of each push rod 16 is a magnet armature 11. Each of the armatures 11 is adapted to respond to the energization of its magnet 14 and to thereby actuate its push rod 16 which will rock its stop lever 1| or 66, as the case may be, to'

move one of the stops into the path of movement of jaws for operating the levers 50-6l.

In the preferred embodiment of the machine the middle or H stop of the group 63 (Fig. 8), designated as 63.' and representing the center vertical row on the type plate B, normally protrudes beyond the upper surface of block 65. The lower end of this stop is secured by a suitable socket 18 (Fig. l) to a stop lever 19 fulcrumed at 61 to a fixed part of the machine.

A spring so (Fig. 6) tends arnold the stop 63 in its normal position. Lever arm 19 is adapted to be swung by push rod 8|, armature 82, and magnet 83, all of which are of like construction as push rods 16, armatures 11, and magnets 14.

In similar manner the middle or #8 stop of the group 64 (Fig. 3), designated by the reference character S4 and representing the center horizontal row on the type plate B, normally protrudes beyond the lower surface of block 89. lThis stop is actuated by a magnet 84, armature 85, push rod 86 and stop lever 81 in like manner as the other stops of set 64 except that the lever arm 81 to which stop 64 is secured by ball socket 10, is fulcrumed between the push rod 86 and the stop 64' to reverse the movement.

This preferred construction makes it unnecessary to perforate the ribbon when it is desired to indicate the center character of the type plate, said construction also makes it practicable to eliminate one of the perforations when the char- -acter desired to be printed is in either of the.

center rows. The magnets actuating these two stops are Wired, as hereinafter described, to be energized simultaneously with the energization of anyother magnet. l

' Journaled on the vertical shaft 38 at a point below the bellcrank 48 is a pair of cooperating clamp jaws 88, 89 (Figs. 7 and 8) which jaws 'as before noted position the lever 50 relative to a particular stop 63. The outer portion of (Fig. 4) in which the same type face is located.

clamp jaw 88 is bent upwardly into the same horizontal plane as jaw 88 and both jaw members 88 and 89 are adapted, when in closing engagement, to` grip the depending pin 5| of arm 50 and also whatever stop of the set 63 maybe projecting above the upper surface of the block 65. Jaws 88, 89 are moved to their closed posil tion by springs 90, 9|, and are opened by means of a cam 92, a cam lever 93, and equalizing links 84, 95, 96, the opening movement of said jaws being limited by fixed stops 89a. The cam 92 is keyed at 91 to the vertical shaft 38, and is adapted during the rotation of the shaft tov actuate cam lever 93 twice for each revolution of the drive shaft. Preferably, a roller 98 is carried by the lever 93 to bear against the .edge of the cam. One end of the cam lever 93 is pivoted at 99 to a fixed part of the machine and the other end is pivotally connected to the center of equalzing link 95. The link member 94 is pivoted at one end to the jaw member 88 and at the other end to one end of the equalizing link 95. The link member 96 is likewise pivoted to jaw member 89 and to the opposite end of equalizing link 95. 'This equalizing or compensating mechanism is necessary from the fact that the position of the clamp jaws 88, 89 when in closing engagement is variable depending upon the particular stop which may protrude into the path of the jaws. l

A like pair of jaws |00, |0| (Fig. 9) adapted to bring the arm 6| into alignment with any desired stop of the group 64, is operated by a cam |02, cam lever |03, and equalizing links |04, |05, |06 and springs |06a and |0617, stops |0|a all of which are of the same construction as the corresponding parts of the law members 88, 89 and occupy the same relative positionsI to the arm 6| and the shaft 38. The outer end of a cam lever |03, however, is pivoted to a fixed sector plate |01, the said-- sectorplate being held against movement by reason of a rsuitable atmechanisms will move one stop of the set 63 into the path of the clamp jaws 88, 89 and one stop of the set 64 into the path nof the jaws |00, |0|; the jaws 88, 89, and |00, |0| will close' on the respective stops, aligning the respective arms 50 and 6|, thereby moving the desired character of type plate B into printing position; and the hammer |9 will be actuated to bring the paper 8, the ribbon 5 and the desired type character into printing engagement.

Character space advance particular character to be struck comprises broadly, the carriage advance clutch mechanism |08 (Fig. 15); a clutch operating `arm |09; and 75 carriage A,.and is preferably constructed as del scribed in detail in the copending United States lapplication, William Oscar Bell, filed March 3, '1932, Serial No. 596,551 Apparatus forobtaining variable spacing for typewriters and the like. Issued August 20, 1935 as Patent No. 2,011,887. It comprises briefly a driving element III), a driven element III, and a cone clutch I'I2, the latter comprising a `male or driving memy ber I|3 and a female or driven member yI I 5;. The driving element |||l, the driven element and the cone clutch driving member I I3 are all journaled on a shaft I I3, the cone clutch driven member ||5 being keyed at IIS to the shaft IM. 'Ihe driving element I is adapted to iit into the central portion of the driven element III and is provided on its outer periphery with a series of spring pressed rollers IIl (Fig. 14) adapted to bind against the driven element III when the driving element ||3 is Amoved in a counter-clockwise direction with reference to Fig. 14 and to move freely when moved in the opposite direction. Driven element III is provided on its periphery with similar spring pressed rollers I I8 adapted to bind against the inner surface of a casing ||3 to prevent/ retrograde or clockwise movement, with reference to Fig. 14, 'and to ride f reely when driven in a counter-clockwise direc- ,tion (Fig. 14) byV driving element IIU. The upper portion of driven element III may be east integrally with -cone clutch driving member ||3, or the latter may be fixed thereto by any suitable means. j The casing II9' also encloses tha cone clutchmechanism and is secured at |23 to a xd part of the machine. A spring |2I. positioned `within the casing I I9 tends to hold the cone clutch driven member IIE in operative engagement with the cone clutch driving member 3 through a collar |2I provided with bearings |22 which bear against afilange |23 of the cone clutch driven member H5. The lupper end of cone clutch driven member is formed with a gear |23 in mesh with the teeth of rack i3 of the carriage A and is adapted to impart movements thereto. The shaft INI is slidably mounted in brackets |25, |26 secured to afixed part ofthe machine and is adapted to be raised by a solenoid actuated arm |21 (Fig. 2) pivoted at 28 to a bracket |29 which Ais also raised whenl the arm |21 is actuated by the 'solenoid |30. Consequently, when the solenoid |30 .is energized, the shaft ||4 is raised against the action of springIZI and the cone clutch mechanism ||2 isi released. When the cone clutch mechanism ||2 is thus released the carriage A is returned to its initial operating position by a spring yIII'm. (Fig. 1) secured at ||5b to a xed part of the carriage and at ||5c to the carriage A and which is stressed by the movements imparted tothe carriage by clutch mechanism |08. Interposed ably supported through the ends of carriage arm |3| is a pin |35. adapted to normally project into the horizontal plane of the stop plate F. Clutch operating armv |09 is adapted to impart a maximum movement to the clutch mechanism |03 which will move carriage A .19635 of an inch, vwhich approximates the normal width. of a fourteen point capital M, which is referred to. in the art as a fourteen point em. The

, clutch operating arm |09 is so positioned, however. that it will impart movement to the clutch mechanism upon the movement of the carriage arm 93|, toward the rotary stop plate F, that is, the cam actuated movement.

The `cam |33 .is adapted to oscillate the carriage armI3I twice for each revolution of the shaft 33 and is operatively connected with the a'rm by a spring controlled compensating mecha- I i5 and on one end with -a projecting lip |36 adaptedto engage one edge of link |33. Spring |33 extends between a flange or projecting arm.

I3? of -link |33 and a like arm |33 vformed on the link |39 and is adapted to' hold the lip |36 in Vengagement with link |33. A spring I3I, interposed between arm |43 of link |39 vand a fixed part of the machine, is adapted to hold link |39 so that cam follower |35 is maintained in engagement with the cam |33. Consequently, when the carriage arm |3| engages the stop, such as the rotary stop plate F, before the cam is advanced to its fullest extent, the additional motion will be absorbed by the cam follower link. |39 and the springs |33, I III; Y

Inasmuch as the driving kelement ||3 of the clutch mechanism |03 (Fig. 14) moves freely and without effect in a clockwise direction4 (Fig. 14) the spring operated or counter-clockwise swing'of the carriage arm |3I (Figs. 12 and 13) serves only to bring the clutch operating arm |39 into an initial operating position which may be described as the position of thefcarriage arm |3I when swungto the maximum extent by the spring IM. Consequently, in the absence of any stOpmechaniSm, the movement imparted to the carriage A on each oscillation of a carriage arm 3| would be constant and unvarying, i. e., .19635 inch. However, as has been hereinabove noted, the characters on the type plate B are of varying'widths'and consequently the movement of the carriage A should be varied accordingly. As known in the art, the best arrangement of the type characters as to widths for general purposes is an arrangement which provides three rws for the nine unit characters, two rows for the ten unit characters, and one row each for the ve, six, seven, eight, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen and eighteen unit characters. (Fig. 4). The units upon which the above gures are based each constitutea 1/18th part of an em.v Consequently there are, generally speaking, twelve different positions to which the stop` plate F must be adjusted. o

Pivoted to the outer end of an arm |49 of bellcrank is a gear |50 (Fig, 6) to which is fixed the rotary stop plate 'I'he said gear and stop plate assembly is. s uppor'ted on arm |49 by means of a double headed bolt |52 and a' nut |53. The gear |50 is in mesh with a rack |54 formed on the rack arm |01 (as best seen in Fig. 9), the latter of which, as previously' noted, is supported in a xed position. V

As will be seen, when the arm 6| of bellcrank 60 is in alignment with stop No. l, (Fig9) which represents horizontal row number on the type plate (Fig. 4) or the smallest characters of the font, the stop/ plate F will limit the movement of the carriage arm |3|, thereby imparting to the carriage A the minimum movement allowed by the stop plate F. As the arm 6| is brought into alignment with stop No. 2 (Fig. 9) thestop plate F will bemoved accordingly on rack |54 increasing the movement of the carriage arm |3| to accommodate a character of the next one stop to the next moves 3.214 (45/ 14) When,

for example. the arm 6| is moved out of alignment Wtih stop No. 1 (Fig. 9) and into alignment with stopv No. 2 (Fig. 9), the rotary stop plate F would advance 3.214? and thereby increase the movement of the carriage arm |3| by a corresponding amount.. To compensate for the excess movement, the stop plate F is provided with a. step |55. The height of the step is .714 or the amount of the excess movement. The width of the step depends on the number of degrees which the stop plate F will rotate between each position. In the embodiment of the invention, herein shown, the axis of the gear |50 is swung through 45 while the stop plate Fis rotated 3371/2 or through 1%; of its circumference. Consequently, each of the steps will be 22%o wide. The axis of the stop plate F is, therefore, so positioned that when the arm 6| is in alignment with stop No. 1 (Fig. 9) the side of the stop plate F having a minimum radius (arbitrarily determined) is five units (the minimum character width- Fig 4) or 121/2" from the carriage arm |3| when the latter is in its initial operating position. When the arm 6| is brought into alignment with stop 2 (Fig. 9)V

the axis of the stop plate will move 3.214 away from the carriage arm |3i, but the stop plate F will rotate so that the edge of thev stop plate F now in the path of the carriage arm |3| is stepped up .714 beyond the previous edge, thereby reducing the increased arc of movement available to the carriage arm |3| by .714 for a net increase of 2.5 which represents one unit. Similar compensating steps are provided for each of the other successive movements in which the carriage is to beA advanced but one unit. However, when the arm 6| is advanced from stop No. 5 to stop No. 6 (Fig. 9), both of which represent rows having the same unit value, the amplitude of movement of the carriage larm |3| is maintained the same by presenting an edge |56 of th`e stop plate F which has been stepped up the entire amount by which the axis of the stop plate F moves or 3.214. The stop plate F is )rovided with similar steps for the other positions ofthe arm 6| ranging from the advance of 5 units to step |56a representing the 158 unit movement. y

As will readily be seen, the stop plate F may .be interchanged with another stop plate similarly stepped when it is desired to use a different size font on the type plateB.

The justifying arms Secured to the carriage arm |3|' by a screw |51 is a magnet |58 which, when energized, is adapted to actuate anl armature |59. One end of the armature is pivoted at |60 to the oarriage arm |3|. The other endis ,bifurcated forengagement with a collar |6| on the stop pin |35a. When the magnet |58 is energized, armature |59 will pull the stop pin |35a downward and out of the horizontal plane lof stop plate F and into the horizontal plane of stop arm |62,

.hereinafter referred to as the space stop arm.l

The carriage arm |3| is thereby thrown out of engagement with the rotary stop plate F and while'in such position, the carriage A vis moved a distance determined by the position of the space stop arm |62.

BeforeV each line'is printed, the space stop arm |62, as previously noted, is first adjusted to justify the line. In other words, the size of the spaces necessary to justify the line is determined before the line is printed. This is made possible by virtue of the fact that the perforated ribbon H (Fig. 5) runs backwards, thereby first presenting the 'perforations (last made on the composing machine) which indicate the requisite size for each space to justify the line. To facilitate an understanding of the justifying mechanism, brief reference will be made` at this time to the theory of the justifying operation.

To justify a line, the spaces between the words 'must be so adjusted that the last character of the line is exactly in a predetermined position. To effect justification, the surplus space remaining after the completion of a line is divided by the total number of spaces and the quotient i's added to each space. In the present invention the fifteen stops 63 and the fifteen stops 64 used in positioning the type plate B, as hereinabove described, are also used for positioning the space stop arm |62. The manner in which these keys are lcombined -to impart varying movements will be later described.

The mechanism for positioning the space stop arm |62 comprises broadly an H arm |63 hereinafter referred to as the maximum adjustment arm and an H arm |64 hereinafter referred to as the minimum adjustment arm. The maximum'adjustment arm |63 is journaled at |65, |66 on the shaft 38. The minimum adjustment arm |64 is likewise journaled'on said shaft at |61 and |68. The maximum adjustment arm |63 -carries a magnet |69 and an armature |10 l |12 `is energized, to engage a stop pin |14 to move the same against the force of a spring |14a and into the path of the closing movement of the` jaws |00, |0|. The spring |14a isxed 'at |14b to the stop pin |14 and abuts against the upper portion of minimum adjustment arm" quired of-the carriage may be determined as positioned in a vertical plane passing throughr the axis .of shaft 38 and also through the vertical axis of a corresponding stop vof each of the sets e3, er. when the magnets lss and mf are energized, the'stop pins |1| and |14 are Withdrawn from fthe holes in the block |15 thus moving opposite ends of stop pin |1| into the path of jaws 88 89 and likewise moving the stop pin |14 into the path of jaws |00, |0I.

When the pin |1| is projected into the path of the jaws 88, 89, it is gripped by said jaws and the maximum adjustment arm |63 is thereby swung into alignment with whatever stop of the set 63 may be projecting from the upper surface of block 65. In like manner the minimum adjustment arm |64 is brought into alignment with whatever stop of the set 64 may be projecting beyond the lower surface of block 69. The selective positioning of the stops 63, 64 for determining the spacing, however, is hereinafter described.

The justifying gear mechanism The upper portion of the'maximum adjustment arm |63 is extended to form a gear sector |11 (Fig. 11) which is in mesh with a gear |18 pivoted at |19 to the under surface ofspace stop arm |62 adjacent the outer end thereof. Gear |18 is in mesh with an intermediate gear |00which is journaled on a screw bolt |8| to a depressed center portion of` thespace stop arm |62. Fixed to the intermediate gear |80 by suitable means, is an intermediate gear sector |82 in'mesh with a vthird gear |83 which is fixed to minimum adjustment arm' 64. The third gear |83 is moved only by the minimum adjustment arm |64 and consequently when the minimum adjustment arm |64 is stationary, the third gear |83`acts as a rack on which the intermediate gear sector will ride, thereby moving the stop lever |62. f

When 'the minimum adjustment arm |64 and its gear |83 is moved and the maximum adjustment arm |63 is stationary, the gear |83 will move the intermediate gear sector |82, the intermediate gear |80 and the gear |18, but the 'gear sector |11 being fixed, acts 4as a rack upon which the gear |18 rides and moves the space stop arm |62. The above intermeshing gears and racks are so proportioned as to provide a ratio of iifteen to one between the movements of the adjustment arms |63, |64 and the space stop arm |62. n In the actual operation of the machine, however, the movements of the maximum adjustment |63 and the minimum Vadjustment arm |64 are simultaneousso that the total movement imparted to the space stop arm |62 is thealgebraic rby' a fourteen point em which is .19362 o-f an inch. Consequently 'the maximum movement re- .19362 of an inch. By arbitrarily fixing the size of gear |24 which meshes with rack |3 (Fig. 2) at one-half pitch diameter; which gives a pitch .diameter circumference of 1.5708, it will be` found that the movement'of .19362 (the width of a fourteen point em) will be 44.37."j..;.There 3 fore, the maximum movement of the carriage arm |3`| to move the carriage A the width cfa fourteen point em will be 44.37. However, in the preferred embodiment of the present inventionuthe maximum movement is taken, as 45 which'will impart a maximum movement to the carriage of .19635.

It will be seen, therefore, that with two sets of fteen keys each available for indicating various movements from zero to .19635 there are 224 possible combinations (excluding the zero combination) for so indicating said movements. 'Ihe minimum movement which may be indicated will be .0008765 of an inch- (.19635 divided by 224). Byletting the keys of the set 64 represent this minimmum movement, the combination of the zero stop (stop I) of set 63 and the successive stops of set 64 (as illustrated byFig. 22) will therefore, run from .0008765 to .012264 (14;4X0008765) and the next stop (stop 2) of set 63 will represent;

a carriage movement of .013147 (15 .0008765) v adjustment arm |64. With this ratio both adjustment arms are thereby adapted, when they are both moved their maximum distance of 45 to impart a like movement to the space stop arm |62. Since the minimum`movement of the stop minimum adjustment arm |64 will move the stop arm v|62 for a total of 2.8126 (14 .2009) and the maximum adjustment arm |63 will move the stop arm |62 for a total of 42.189a (15 .2009 X14). Consequently, itfwill be seen that when the minimum adjustment arm |64 moves from one stop to the next, it will effect a movement of .0008765 to the carriage A and the maximum adjustment arm |63 will impart a movement of .01315 of an inch to the carriage A.

Line space mechanism The paper or other impression rreceiving ma- 55 Y to be printed by a paper advance mechanism,

terial 8 is moved into, position forithe next line (Fig. 16), comprising a ratchet wheel |84, a pawl |85, a lever arm |86, solenoid core |81, solenoid winding |68, and a series of stops |69. The solenoid winding |88 is secured at |90 to the machine framing. The outer end of its core |81 is attached at |9| to the lever arm |86, the latter of which has capacity for movement relative to the ratchet wheel. The guide bar 2, on which the lever |86 is loosely mounted, is keyed `at |92 to paper feed roll I0. The pivoted pawl is carried on thelever arm |86 and is adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet |84 to impart counter-clockwise movements thereto, with reference to Fig. 16. A spring |93 interposed between the'pawl |85 and the'lever |86 holds the pawl in operative engagement with theratchet teeth.

The inner surfaceof ratchet wheel |84 is provided' with a series of indentations |94 (Fig. 17)

adapted to receive a holding detent in the form arm |62 will be .2009 (45 divided by 224) the l

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