US2064277A - Stoker - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 15, 1936.

"Now BY JUDICIAL CHANGE OF NAME c.

C. 'J SURDYKOWSKL J. SURDY Filed Sept. 150, 1951 STOKER 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY.

Dec. 15 1 936.

CHANGE OF NAME C. J. SURDY STOKER Filed Sept. 30, 1951 2,064,277 0. J. SURDYKOWSKI. NOW BY JUDICIAL 2 Sheets-Shae t 2 I mu 5 IN VENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 15, 1936 UNITED STATES ATET OFFICE STOKER Application September 30, 1931, Serial No. 566,015

4 Claims.

This invention relates to locomotive stokers of the type in which fuel is placed manually at the firing opening of the firebox and within the firedoor, there to be automatically projected and distributed uniformly over the firebed by a pressure fluid blast.

It is an object of the invention to provide in a stoker of the type described means for coordinating the movement of the firedoor and the action of the pressure fluid blast, whereby the pressure fluid blast will continue to function for a predetermined period of time after the firedoor is closed. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following descrip-' tion when read in' connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section through a portion of a locomotive with the invention shown in elevation and in place on the locomotive;

Figure 2 is a rear elevation'of the locomotive stoker embodying the invention;

Figure 3 is a View similar to Figure 1 with portions of the mechanism embodying the invention broken away and shown in section; and

Figure 4 is a vertical section through the valve mechanism with the piping shown diagrammatically.

This invention may be applied to loco-motives of all types but it is particularly applicable to locomotives of the switcher type.

In the drawings the locomotive is indicated generally by the numeral It and is provided with the usual firebox H, the grates H, the boiler backwall i3 and the conventional firing opening 14. The locomotive cab is shown at l5 and is provided with the deck l6 located a sufficient distance below the lower marginal edge of the firing opening [4 to permit convenient manual firing.

The stoker is represented generally by the numeral I1 and comprises a distributor plate 18 detachably mounted and extending forwardly through the firing opening M into the firebox H. A nozzle I9 is positioned at the rear of the distributor plate i8 and is arranged to issue a blast of pressure fluid over the surface thereof. The nozzle it in conjunction with the plate 18, which is provided with outwardly curving depressions 20 on each side thereof, distributes fuel evenly over all parts of the grate.

The firedoor 2! is provided with a frame 22 suitably mounted on the boiler backwall I3 partly. embracing the firedoor opening which is closed by a pair of door inembers'23 and 24, pivoted upon the pins and 26 to swing outwardly. A motor 21 for operating the door members 23 and 24 is supported from the upper portion of the frame 22 by the pins 25 and 26 through the depending flange 28. The motor 21 is operated in 'a manner well known in the art, as described in detail in the patent to Rosenfelt, No. 1,171,463 granted February 15, 1916, by pressure fluid admitted through the pipe 29, and controlled by a suitable valve 39. The valve 3% is responsive to movement of the treadle 3| through suitable arms 32 and 33 and controls the supply of pressure fluid to the pipe 29 and motor 21 from the supply line 34. I

In stokers of the type described above, the prior art discloses an arrangement whereby a blast of steam will issue across a distributor plate from a distributor head when the firedoor is opened and will automatically be interrupted as soon as the door closes. Such an arrangement has several disadvantages which may best be recognized when the operation is described. The fireman steps on the treadle opening the firedoor and places a scoop of fuel on the distributor plate, then releases the treadle thereby closing the door. The door is therefore, only open momentarily after the fuel is placed on the distributor plate, and since the steam blast issues only while the door is open, it is obvious that the steam blast will not be in operation a sufiici'ent length of time to project all the fuel from the distributor plate onto the firebed. As a result the firebox does not receive a sufficient charge of fuel and repeated delivery of fuel upon the distributor plate by the fireman is necessary. As an alternative the fireman after delivering a charge of fuel to the distributor plate might keep his foot on the treadle until all the fuel is projected from the distributor plate, but this would necessitate permitting the firedoor to remain open which is an obvious disadvantage.

' These objectionable features are eliminated by means of my invention which permits all the fuel delivered on the distributor plate to be projected over the firebed by a pressure fluid blast with but a momentary opening of the firedoor.

In the present arrangement, pressure fluid is.

the pipes 35 delivering pressure fluid thereto. The valve mechanism 3'! includes a casing 38 within which is mounted the mechanically controlled valve member 39 and the pressure fluid controlled valve member ill. The mechanically controlled valve member 39 is responsive to movement of the lever l! pivoted at 42. One end of the lever arm ii-l contacts the valve member 39, and one end of the lever arm 44 contacts the lug 45 depending from the lower marginal edge of the door member 23.

In operation, when the fireman steps on the treadle 3i, the valve 36 is opened permitting pressure fluid to pass from the supply line 34 through the pipe 29 to operate the motor 21 thereby opening the door members 23 and 24 and breaking the contact between the lug 45 and the end of the lever arm M. The pressure of the compressed spring it forces the valve member downwardly until it rests on the seat 41, thereby closing the port 48 and opening the port 39. In this position of the valve member 39 the compressed spring 59 forces the valve member 48 downwardly until it rests on the seat the pressure fluid being exhausted from the chamber If! to the air through the ports 49 and 52. The ports 53 and 5 5 are as a result brought in communication by means of valve member All whereby pressure fluid from the supply line 36 passes through the ports 53 and 54 into the supply line Sta, then to the pipes 35 and into the distributor head ornozzle I9 whence it projects the fuel delivered on the plate l8 into the firebox ll.

As soon as the fireman has delivered the fuel on the plate is he removes his foot from the treadle 3! thereby causing the valve 30 to close cutting off the pressure fluid supply whereby the operation of the motor stops, and the doors 23 and 24 close by gravity. Closing of the doors causes the lug A5 to lower the lever arm 44 and raise the lever arm 43 about the pivot 42. The lever arm 43 forces the valve member 39 upwardly against the pressure of the spring 46 thereby closing the port 49 and opening the port as. Pressure fluid from the supply line 36 passes through the pipe 55 into the valve mechanism at through the ports 56 and 48. A needle valve 51 interposed in the pipe 55 admits the pressure fluid to the valve mechanism 3'! at a predetermined slow rate. Thus after the doors are closed pressure fluid is still emitted from the nozzle l2 until the pressure in the chamber 1D has been sufliciently built up to raise the valve member 48 until it rests against the seat 58, thereby closing the port 54 and cutting off the supply of pressure fluid to the nozzle [9.

Lugs cast on the lower portion of the frame 2?. engage the bottom of the door members 23 and 2d preventing the door members from being blown outwardly in the event of greatly increased pressure within the firebox such as might be caused by an explosion.

Whenever it is necessary or desirable to manually operate the firedoor, a bar member 60 which is operatively connected with the door members 23 and M is provided. The bar 6! may be placed in any one of a suitable number of notches such as El retaining the door members open in any particular position afforded by the notches 6|.

In operation, if it is found that the pressure fluid blast from the nozzle is shuts off too quickly after the flredoor is closed, it is only necessary to restrict the passage in the pipe 55 by regulating the needle valve 51, whereby pres sure fluid enters the chamber is more slowly permitting the ports 53 and 5 1 to remain in communication for a longer period of time, and conversely, if it is found that the pressure fluid blast continues too long after the firedoor is closed, it is only necessary to open the needle valve 5? a little wider permitting pressure in the chamber Hi to build up more rapidly and thereby closing the port 5 5 sooner. If it is desired to have a continuous blast of pressure fluid emitted from the nozzle IS, the valve 5'! may be completely closed.

It is apparent from the foregoing that I have rovided a simple, convenient and emcient mechanism for synchronizing the movement of the firedoor with the pressure fluid blast and for rendering the latter adjustable.

I claim:

1. In combination with a furnace having a firing opening, a distributor head provided with jet openings directed over the fire in the furnace, a supply line for delivering pressure fluid to said distributor head, a valve interposed in said supply line controlling the flow of fluid to said distributor head, a furnace door normally closing said firing opening, a mechanically operated valve, means associated with said door arranged to open said last named valve When the door is closed and means to close said last named valve when the door is opened, a passage supplying pressure fluid through said mechanically operated valve for closing said first named valve when said furnace door is closed, and a needle valve in said passage for controlling the flow of pressure fluid therethrough, thereby closing said first named valve a predetermined period of time after said furnace door is closed.

2. In combination with a furnace having a firing opening, a distributor head provided with jet openings directed over the fire in the furnace, a supply line for delivering pressure fluid to said distributor head, a valve interposed in said supply line controlling the flow of fluid to said distributor head, a furnace door normally closing said firing opening, a mechanically operated valve responsive to opening and closing of said furnace door, a passage supplying pressure fluid through said mechanically operated valve for closing said first named valve in response to closing of said furnace door, means to open said first named valve in response to the closing of the mechanically operated valve, and a needle valve in said passage for controlling the flow of pressure fluid therethrough thereby closing said first named valve a predetermined period of time after said furnace door is in a closed position.

3. In combination with a furnace having a firing opening, a distributor head provided with jet passages directed over the fire in the furnace, a door for the firing opening, a supply line for delivering fluid under pressure to said distributor head, a valve interposed in said supply line for controlling the flow of pressure fluid to said distr butor head, a mechanically operated valve responsive to opening and closing of said firedoor, means for diverting a portion of the pressure fluid from said supply line through said mechanically operated valve for moving said first named valve in a direction for interrupting the flow of pressure fluid from said supply line to said distributor head when said flredoor is closed, and means responsive to the action of said mechanically operated valve for moving said first named valve in the opposite direction when said firedoor is opened whereby pressure fluid will flow from said supply line to said distributor head, said pressure fluid diverting means having means therein to restrict the flow of pressure fluid thereby moving said first named valve in said first named direction an interval of time after the closing of said door.

4. In combination with a furnace having a firing opening, a distributor head provided with jet passages directed over the fire in the furnace,

a door for the firing opening, a supply line for delivering fluid under pressure to said distributor head, a valve interposed in said supply line controlling the flow of fluid to said distributor head, a mechanically operated valve responsive to opening and closing of the door, means controlled by said mechanically operated valve for diverting a portion of the fluid under pressure to said first named valve for closing the same after the closing of said door, and means toropen said first named'valve in response to the closing of the mechanically operated valve, said diverting means having means therein to restrict the flow of pressure fluid to said'first named valve Whereby closing of said first named valve is effected an interval of time after the closing of said door.

CHARLES J. SURDYKOWSKI.

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