US899102A - Air-regulator for furnaces. - Google Patents

Description

A. COTTON. m mummy. r02 rmwss. APPLIOATIOI FILED 10V- 4, 1501. 899,102. Patented Sept. 22,1903. I a sums-sum 1.

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a ATTORNEYS A. COTTON.

LIB REGULATOR FOB. FURNACES.

APPLIOLTIOI mum 10v. 4. m1.

Patented Sept. 22,1908.

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- wlryess D mv uron 22% By Q Q nronmzr i l 1 l ALFRED (JOTTON,OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

AIR-REGULATOR FOR FURNACES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 22, 1908.

Application filed November &, 1907. Serial No. 400,479.

T 0 (171 whom it may concern:

Be it known that. I, Amnnn (forum, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Air-Regulators for Funaces, of which the following is a specification, reference-being had therein to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a furnace provided with my invention, a portion of the furnace being broken awe y to show the steam reservoir within the furnace; Fig. 2 a detail view of the firc door showing the valve and nozzle for supplying air to the door; Fig. 2 a diagrammatlc view of the pipes and valves shown in Fig. '1, illustrating the relative positions of the controlling valves; Fig. 3 afront elevation of a furnace showing a slightly different arrangement of the apparatus, a portion of the furnace being broken away to show the steam reservoir therein; and Fig. 4 a. front elevation showing another arrangement of the invention.

This invention relates to apparatus for controlling the admission of air to furnaces for burning the gases arising from the primary combustion on the grates. It is adapted for use with all kinds of solid fuel. but more particularly with bituminous coal and other smoky fuels, to reduce or do away with the emission of smoke.

The object of my invention is to provide an apparatus which will supply a large amount of air over the fire for a redetermined time, said charge of air gradiially diminishing to the minimum supply or entirely ceasing at the end of the fixed interval, this interval of time being governed by the length of time the fire door is open during the charging operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which will automatically govern the amount of air su plied to the fire box after each charging of iiiel, the fireman or stoker being thus relieved of all responsibilitv as to the amount of air thus supplied.

Referring to the various parts by numerals, i designates the boiler, 2 the main steam pipe which conveys steam to the main ash pit blower 3. The fire door 4 is provided with a vertical blower 5 similar to the blower shown in my pending application for patent Serial No. r 307,982, filed March 26, 1906 through which air may be supplied over the grate, as described in my said application. A steam reservoir 6 is connected at one end to the main steam pipe by a pipe 7. The other end of this reservoir is connected by a pipe 8 to the jet nozzle 9. As arranged in the drawing this nozzle 9 is adapted to de liver air into the upper open end of the blower 5. be extended to any point where it may be desired to deliver the air. it being arranged as shown in the drawings merely for convenience.

In the pipe 7 is arranged a val e 10, on the stem of which is secured a weighted lever 11 normally holding the valve open. One end of this lever is connected by a chain 12 to the fire door in such manner that when said door is closed the valve will be moved to its closed position, and when said door is open the valve will be opened by the weighted lever. It will thus be seen when the fire door is closed communication between the reservoir 6 and the pipe 2 will be'closed.

In the pipe Sis arranged a valve 13 whose valve. stem 14 is adapted to be engaged by an arm 15 carried by the fire door. On this arm is arranged an adjustable contact pin 16 which may be adjusted to contact with the valve stem 14 at the proper position of the fire door to operate said valve. The valve 13 is of the ordinary self-closing type shown in my application hereinhefore referred to, and said valve is arranged to be opened by the fire door arm when the fire door is closed, said valve automatically closing when the fire door is open. As shown in Fig. 1 the steam reservoir 6 is arranged within the furnace fine and receives heat from the furnace so that it will serve as a steam superhcater.

In operation the opening of the fire door to charge the furnace with fuel will open the valve 10 and permit steam to pass into the reservoir 6 at boiler pressure, the valve 13 being closed. Upon the closing of the fire door, valve 10 will be closed shutting off communication between the reservoir 6 and the pipe 2 and the valve 13 will he opened through the arm 15, thereby permitting the steam confined in the reservoir 6 to escape by way of the nozzle 9 into the blower 5, and from said blower itmay pass into the fire box as described in my said application. It \vill,'- of course, be understood that the nozzle 9 may be placed at any suitable point and the air thus supplied wherever it may be desired.

It is obvious that the pipe 8 may 7 It is obvious that when the fire door is first closed steam will rush from the nozzle 9 under a great pressure and a large amount of air will be thus supplied to the fire, and this amount will graduali decrease as the pressure in the reservoir 6 decreases until finally the jet ceases operating.

It will be seen that the supply of air as controlled by my a paratus is large at first when the hydrocar arts are being given oil in the greatest quantity immediately after charging fresh coal; and that the supply of air diminishes as the quantity of hydrocarbons decreases, until the only supplv of air is that which is drawn through the fire door blower by the natural or chimney draft.

in some cases, such. as where the furnaces are operated with sl ght pressure in the furnace-chamber it is evident that the jet of steam from the nozzle 9 must never be entirely interrupted while the fire door is closed, or rather, wlfile the main blast is on. (in cases where pre&ure is maintained in the furnace-chamber it is necessary to interrupt the main air supply before opening the fire door, thus allowing some vacuum in the furnace chamber.) In such cases I provide either an adjustable ay-pass 17 around the valve 10, or arrange that the valve 10 is prevented from completely closing by an adjustable stop. This insures that the pressure in the reservoir 6 will never quite fall to zero.

A somewhat similar result may be attained by disconnecting the chain 12 from the fire door so that the valve 10 will remain permanently open, and then setting the valve 18 slightly open or sufficient to give the necessary minimum pressure at the nozzle 9. When the fire door is open, permitting the valve 13 to close, pressure accumulates in the reservoir so that when the fire door is closed and the valve 13 opened the accumulated pressure in the reservoir 6 will be delivered through the nozzle 9 into the blower 5, thereby delivering a greater amount of air over the fire for a time, as in the other cases described, the suppiy of air gradually diminishing until the normal minimum pressure is reached.

The size of the reservoir 6 is proportioned according to the quality and consumption of coal. Adjustments of the capacity of an existing reservoir may be made by introducing or removing articles such as glazed bricks or hollow steam-tight globes or cylinders through the door 19 which is adapted to be closed steam-tightly- The size of the nozzle 9 may be varied, or the rate of flow of steam to it varied by a valve 20, in pipe 8 to suit cireumst ances.

The steam pipe 7 is described as being eonneeted to the steam pipe supplying the main blower. In some cases, such as where there is no forced-draft, this pipe is carried either directly from the boiler, or from some point where full or sufficient pressure may be obtained. The reservoir 6 may be placed in any convenient position, but should be so placed that any water of condensation will naturally drain away through the pipe 8.

The apparatus is described as cont-rolling' the supply of air admitted through a the door, but it may be used to control the supply of air admitted in any other manner instead-of, or in addition to, the lire door supply. 'It may be applied to control the air supply to any type of furnace whether for steam-generation or otherwise; and if steam is not available it may be operated by compressed air.

A valve 18 is shown in pipe 7 between valve 10 and the pi e 2. This valve may be used to interrupt t e operation of the apparatus for repairs or any other reason. It may also be used for adjustment of the su ply of air as follows. If it is only slightly open, it is obvious that the pressure in the reservoir 6 will not reach that of the boiler during the usual time the fire door and consequently the valve 10 is open. If the fire door is kept open for a longer period due to charging an unusually large amount of coal, the pressure in the reservoir 6 will rise higherperhaps as high as boiler pressure and a greater quantity of air will be delivered in unit time in accordance with the extra supply of coal, and the supply of air will be longer continuedagain in accordance with the longer time required to distil oil the hydrocarbons from the extra coal.

It is manifestthat valve 13 may be dispensed with and the normal d scharge of steam through the nozzle 9 controlled by valve 20. ln'this arrangement, upon opening the fire door and consequently opening the valve 10, steam is admitted to the reservoir faster than it can escape from the nozzle and the ressure on the reservoir rises. On closingt 1e fire door and consequently closing the valve 10, the pressure in the reservoir gradually falls, thereby diminishing the supply of air. It will, therefore, be seen that I desire to accumulate in the reservoir 6 a surplus iluid pressure which may be discharged into the furnace when the the door is closed, said supply gradually diminishing to zero or to a minimum normal supply.

As shown in Fig. 3 the steam reservoir 6 is located in the furnace wall or in any desired position to receive heat from the furnace so as to serve as a superheater. The reservoir is connected to the boiler by pipe 22 controlled by valve 23. From the reservoir 6 a pipe '24 leads to a blower 25. In this pipe 24 is a valve 26 by means of which the supply of steam to the blower may be entirely stop -d. A valve 27 similar to valve 13 is all?) provided in this pipe, said the reservoir 6 when the fire door is open 7 and when the said door is closed the accuundated steam will be discharged into the blower 25. The valve 23 controls the normal discharge of steam through the blower'ZZS, and it is manifest that when the valve 37 is closed steam will be accumulated in the reservoir 6 and that the accumulated steam will be rapidly discharged into the blower upon the closing of the fire door until the flow of steam through pipe 24 has been reduced to normal.

As shown in Fig. 4 the charging of the reservoir (3" with steam is controlled by the opening of the fire door. In this arrangement valve 10 is connected by a weighted lever 11" and chain 12 to the fire door so that when the said door is opened valve 10 is opened and reservoir 6 charged with steam. In this arrangement the steam reservoir is connected by a pipe 8* to a pair of blowers 2S and a valve 29, the pi )e 8 controls the supply of steam to sai blowers. The operation of this arrangement of my invention is quite obvious. The valve 29 controls the normal supply of steam to the blowers 28. When the fire door is open vaivc 10 is open and steam from the boiler flows into the reservoir 6* and to the blowers. The valve 29 is set so that it has a smaller outlet than the valve 10*. The result of this is that steam will flow into the blowers when the fire door is open and will also accumulate in the reservoir 6*, this surplus arcumulation flowing into the furnace through the blowers after the fire door and valve 10" are closed. In this arrangement of the apparatus there is a discharge of steam into the furnace when the fire door is opened, the discharge valve operated by the fire. door, shown in Figs. 1 and 3, being dispensed with.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. An air regulator for a furnace comprising a reservoir, means for supplying steam to said reservoir, a pipe leading the steam from said reservoir to the fire in the furnace, in combination with a fire door and means operated by said door in opening and closing to permit steam to flow to said reservoir when the fire door is open, and to stop the flow of steam to said reservoir when the fire door is closed.

, 2. An air regulator for a furnace comprising a reservoir, a pipe connecting said reservoir to a steanrsupply, a pipe leading steam from said reservoir to the fire in the furnace, in combination with a fire door and means opera-ted thereby in opening and closing to permit steam to flow fronn said reservoir to the fire when the door isre'losed and to prevent steam flowing from said reservoir when the door is open.

3. An air regulator for: an furnace comprising a reservoir, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said Reservoir, means for permitting the fiuid to tlonv from said reservoir to the fire in the furnzace in combination .with a fire door. and merans controlled by the movement of the fireadoor to charge the reservoir when the door is open and to permit the escape of finial liirom said reservoir when the door is closed- 4. An air regulator fOt::1 furnace compris 30 ing a reservoir, means [for supplying fiuld under pressure to sai-i IQSGEI'VOXY, a valve controlling said supply. pipee connected to S8ld' reservoir and arranged [(1): deliver 'fluid therefrom to the fire in the unit-ace, a valve in said 5 pipe controlling the nioveament of fiuid from said reservoir in eonibnnat-ion with a fire :loor, and means wherein the opening and closing of said door will. operate said valves to first charge the reserwoir when the door is 99 open and to permit the lfiuid from said reservoir to flow to the the iin the furnace when the fire door is closed.

5. An air regulator forr a furnace comprising a reservoir, a pipe 'L'ior supplying fluid under pressure to Said rreservoir, a pipe to permit the escape of fhuid from san reservoir and arranged to deliiver said fluid to the fire in the furnace. an inliet valve in the supply pipe, an outlet valveiin the escape pipeun 10o combination \\ith a fire dloor and means connected thereto and ada pted to alternately operate the inlet valve amd the outlet valve, whereby the reservoir veiill be charged when the fire door is open andirthe fluid will be per-- mitted to escape therefinmm and be delivered to the fire when the fire-dloor is closed.

6. An air regulator foir a furnace comprising a reservoir, a pipe- :ior supplying fluid under pressure to Send. n-eservoir, a pipe to 11 permit the escape of Hand from san reservoir and arranged to deliiver said fluid to the fire in the furnace. an inilet valve in thesuppiy pipe, an outlet valwr in the escape pipe in combination with a. thre door and means o ierated thereby to open) the. inlet valve and close the escape valve \when the fire door is open and to close the iinlet valve and open the escape when the fire-rdoor is closed.

7. An air regulator forr a furnace com r1 sing a reservoir, means for supplying 1nd under pressure to said. ireservoir, means for permitting the fluid to liiow from saidreservoir to the furnace fire,.uneans to restrict the flow of fluid to said reseirvoirin combination with a fire door. and means controlled by the movement thereof to poermit the escape of fluid from said reservrnir when the door is closed. I

8. An air regulator Eur a furnace comprisi from said reservoir to the fire in the furnace, a fire door and means controlled by the movement of the fire door to charge the reservoir when the door is open and to permit the escape of steam from said reservoir when the door is closed.

In testimony whereof I hereunto ing a reservoir arranged to be heated in the furnace and serving as a superheater, means for supplying steam to said reservoir, a blower arranged to deliver air and steam to the fire, means connecting said reservoir to the blower in combination with a fire door and means operated by the fire door to permit I steam to be discharged from the reservoir; into the fire l\lvheln tlllie the (floor is closed and i this 31st day of October 1907. to revent t e isc arge o steam w .en the firePdoor is 0pm ALFRED COTTON. 9. The combination of a furnace, a reser- I voir, means for supplying steam to said reservoir, means for permitting the steam to flow l Witnesses:

WM. R. DAVIS, EMMA H. H. KAUFMANN.

signature in the presence of two witnesses,

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