US2059322A - Manufacture of artificial products - Google Patents
Manufacture of artificial products Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2059322A US2059322A US629904A US62990432A US2059322A US 2059322 A US2059322 A US 2059322A US 629904 A US629904 A US 629904A US 62990432 A US62990432 A US 62990432A US 2059322 A US2059322 A US 2059322A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- solution
- solvent
- organic derivative
- higher boiling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 52
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 40
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 20
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012237 artificial material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Natural products CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000578 dry spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCO HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzylformate Chemical compound O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(O)CO KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXXFZKQPYACQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOCCO XXXFZKQPYACQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MRABAEUHTLLEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl lactate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)O MRABAEUHTLLEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004348 Glyceryl diacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001191 butyl (2R)-2-hydroxypropanoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001727 cellulose butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SHQSVMDWKBRBGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutanone Chemical compound O=C1CCC1 SHQSVMDWKBRBGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019443 glyceryl diacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CO XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCZMXVGQBBATMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitro acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[N+]([O-])=O JCZMXVGQBBATMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 oyclo-pentanone Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
- D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
- D01F2/30—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate by the dry spinning process
Definitions
- This invention relates to the manufacture of filaments, yarns, threads, ribbons, films and the like, by the dry-spinning of solutions of cellulose acetate or other cellulose esters or others.
- a solvent which dissolves the cellulose acetate or other cellulose ester or ether under consideration to form a solution of relatively high viscosity as compared with a solution of the cellulose derivative in the volatile solvent alone, for example cellulose acetate in acetone.
- I may. incorporate in the spinning solutions solvents which form solutions of cellulose acetate having a viscosity at least four times the viscosity of the corresponding solution of cellulose acetate in acetone.
- the higher boiling solvent yields a solution of the cellulose derivative having at least 6 times
- the presence of said high boiling solvents in the products may be used to facilitate a stretching operation applied after the products are fully set.
- cellulose acetate While the invention has been described above more particularly with reference to cellulose acetate, it may be applied to dry-spinning of any suitable cellulose derivatives, asfor example, cellulose formate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose nitroacetate, cellulose nitrate, or other esters or mixed esters of cellulose, cellulose ethers or mixed ethers, as for example ethyl, propyl, butyl or benzyl cellulose, and cellulose ether-esters, e. g. ethyl cellulose acetate and oxyethyl cellulose acetate.
- suitable cellulose derivatives asfor example, cellulose formate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose nitroacetate, cellulose nitrate, or other esters or mixed esters of cellulose, cellulose ethers or mixed ethers, as for example ethyl, propyl, butyl or benzyl cellulose, and cellulose
- Example 1 A solution of cellulose acetate in a mixture of 65 parts of acetone and 10 parts of monoacetin is spun through jets of about .08 mm. diameter into an evaporative medium maintained at a temperature of about 70-80 0. Products having improved properties, e. g. good cross-section and extensibility, are obtained.
- Example 2 A solution of cellulose acetate in a mixture of 66 parts of acetone, 5 parts of xylene and 4 parts of glycol mono-acetate is spun under similar conditions to those of Example 1, and products of improved properties are obtained.
- Example 3 A cellulose acetate solution such as that specified in Example 2 is spun into an evaporative atmosphere maintained at about 70-80 C. and containing water vapour corresponding to saturation at a temperature of about 45-55 C.
- a solution which comprises an organic derivative of cellulose of normal viscosity characteristics, and which contains, in addition to a relatively volatile solvent, a proportion of at least 16% on the weight of the organic derivative of cellulose of a higher boiling solvent capable of forming a solution of the organic derivative of cellulose having a viscosity at least six times that of the corresponding solution of the organic derivative of cellulose in the volatile solvent, and extruding said solution through a shaping device into an evaporative atmosphere.
- a solution which comprises an organic derivative of cellulose of normal viscosity characteristics, and which contains, in addition to a relatively volatile solvent, a non-solvent for the organic derivative of cellulose in an amount equal to 6 to 12% based on the weight of the solvent medium, and a proportion of at least 16% on the weight of the organic derivative of cellulose of a higher boiling solvent capable of forming a solution of the organic derivative of cellulose having a viscosity at least six times that of the corresponding solution of the organic derivative of cellulose in the volatile solvent, and extruding said solution through a shaping device into an evaporative atmosphere.
- a solution which comprises an organic derivative of cellulose of normal viscosity characteristics, and which contains, in addition to a relatively volatile solvent, a proportion of at least 16% on the weight of the organic derivative of cellulose of a higher boiling solvent capable of forming a solution of the organic derivative of cellulose having a viscosity at least six times that of the corresponding solution of the organic derivative of cellulose in the volatile solvent, and extruding said solution through a shaping device into an evaporative atmosphere which contains the vapors of a non-solvent for the organic derivative of cellulose other than that derived from the spinning solution.
- a solution which comprises an organic derivative of cellulose of normal viscosity characteristics, and which contains, in addition to a relatively volatile solvent, a proportion of at least 16% on the weight of the organic derivative of cellulose of a higher boiling solvent capable of forming a solution of the organic derivative of cellulose having a viscosity at least six times that of the corresponding solution of the organic derivative of cellulose in the volatile solvent, together with 6 to 12%, based on the weight of the solvent medium, of a non-solvent for the organic derivative of cellulose having a boiling point intermediate between that of the volatile solvent and that of the higher boiling solvent, and extruding said solution through a shaping device into an evaporative atmosphere.
- a solution which comprises cellulose acetate of normal viscosity characteristics, and which contains, in addition to a relatively volatile solvent, a proportion of at least 16% on the weight of the cellulose acetate of a partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol capable of forming a solution of the cellulose acetate having a viscosity at least six times that of the corresponding solution of the cellulose acetate in the volatile solvent, and extruding said solution through a shaping device into an evaporative atmosphere.
- a spinning solution for use in the manufacture of artificial filaments, threads, ribbons and like artificial materials which comprises an organic derivative of cellulose of normal viscosity characteristics dissolved in an organic solvent medium which contains, in addition to a relatively volatile solvent, a proportion of at least 16% on the weight of the organic derivative of cellulose of a higher boiling solvent capable of forming a solution of the organic derivative of cellulose having a viscosity at least six times that of the corresponding solution of the organic derivative of cellulose in the volatile solvent.
- a spinning solution for use in the manufacture of lustrous artificial filaments, threads, ribbons and like artificial materials which comprises an organic derivative of cellulose of normal viscosity characteristics dissolved in an organic solvent medium which contains, in addition to a relatively volatile solvent, a non-solvent for the organic derivative of cellulose in an amount equal to 6 to 12% based on the weight of the solvent medium and a proportion of at least 16% on the Weight of the organic derivative of cellulose of a higher boiling solvent capable of forming a solution of the organic derivative of cellulose having a viscosity at least six times that of the corresponding solution of the organic derivative of cellulose in the volatile solvent.
- a spinning solution for use in the manufacture of artificial filaments, threads, ribbons and like artificial materials which comprises cellulose acetate of normal viscosity characteristics dissolved in an organic solvent medium which contains, in addition to a relatively volatile solvent, a proportion of at least 16% on the weight of the cellulose acetate of a partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol capable of forming a solution of the cellulose acetate having a viscosity at least six times that of the corresponding solution of the cellulose acetate in the volatile solvent.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2059322X | 1931-10-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2059322A true US2059322A (en) | 1936-11-03 |
Family
ID=10897382
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US629904A Expired - Lifetime US2059322A (en) | 1931-10-01 | 1932-08-22 | Manufacture of artificial products |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2059322A (en)) |
| FR (1) | FR741370A (en)) |
-
0
- FR FR741370D patent/FR741370A/fr active Active
-
1932
- 1932-08-22 US US629904A patent/US2059322A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR741370A (en)) |
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