US2053781A - Apparatus for moistureproofing materials - Google Patents

Apparatus for moistureproofing materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US2053781A
US2053781A US670866A US67086633A US2053781A US 2053781 A US2053781 A US 2053781A US 670866 A US670866 A US 670866A US 67086633 A US67086633 A US 67086633A US 2053781 A US2053781 A US 2053781A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wax
particles
materials
cloud
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US670866A
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English (en)
Inventor
Frank H Reichel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sylvania Industrial Corp
Original Assignee
Sylvania Industrial Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL39330D priority Critical patent/NL39330C/xx
Application filed by Sylvania Industrial Corp filed Critical Sylvania Industrial Corp
Priority to US670866A priority patent/US2053781A/en
Priority to US67101233 priority patent/US2053782A/en
Priority to GB15878/33A priority patent/GB420606A/en
Priority to FR756477D priority patent/FR756477A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2053781A publication Critical patent/US2053781A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/18—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising waxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2203/00—Other substrates
    • B05D2203/22—Paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2252/00—Sheets
    • B05D2252/02—Sheets of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2501/00—Varnish or unspecified clear coat
    • B05D2501/10—Wax
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment

Definitions

  • This invention relates to coating, and more particularly to an apparatus for coating flexible sheet materials which are adapted to be used.
  • the invention accordingly comprises the apparatus having the features of construction, combination of elements and arrangement of parts; which are exemplified in the following detailed disclosure, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the claims.
  • Figure 1 show diagrammatically a vertical longitudinal sectional view of one modification of tlfi apparatus of the invention for coating flexible sheet materials;
  • Figure 2 shows a similar view of another and presently preferred form of apparatus taken along the broken line 2-2 in Figure 3, looking in the 19 I direction of the arrows; and,
  • Figure 3 shows a horizontal sectional view thereof taken along the broken line 3-3 in' Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is designed to provide a moistureproof coating without the use of expensive solvents or high drying temperatures and the base material is moistureproofed without injuring the properties of flexibility, etc. which it may initially possess. Wrapping materials made with the use of the present apparatus are also to be distinguished from the waxed papers of the prior art, not only by their flexibility, but also by their high transparency, moistureproofness, non-tackiness and nongreasiness.
  • the present invention contemplates an apparatus for forming on a base material an extremely thin, continuous film of wax such as, for example, paraflin, beeswax, ozokerite, etc.,or mixtures of such waxes with each other or with suitable modifying materials such as stearates, stearic acid, resins, etc., the wax being the major ingredient, and all being referred to hereinafter as wax, in a manner such that the coating is uniformly disposed over the base material in a layer so thin that it is substantially invisible.
  • wax such as, for example, paraflin, beeswax, ozokerite, etc.,or mixtures of such waxes with each other or with suitable modifying materials such as stearates, stearic acid, resins, etc.
  • this is accomplished by providing means for subjecting the base material to an air borne cloud of finely comminuted wax, to distribute minute particles thereof uniformly over the surface, and means for fluxing these particles together so that they spread to form a thin continuous film which is effectively resistant to the passage of moisture and yet which is highly flexible, and is not opaque, tacky or greasy.
  • plied shall be of natures such that the former shall spread on the latter when the particles are fiuxed and will sufficiently adhere to its surface after the film is formed. This may be controlled either by the selection of the wax which is to be 5 deposited on the given surface, or by the treatment or coating of the base sheet material.
  • a sheet of regenerated cellulose or other cellulosic sheet material such as, for example, glassine paper or the like, may be advantageously moistureproofed with ozokerite or other suitable wax with the apparatus comprising the present invention without previous treatment.
  • regenerated cellulose I mean the flexible, transparent sheet material which contains some water and usually a small percentage of hygroscopic material, such as glycerine or the like.
  • Certain materials such as, for example, 'the 20 commercial grades of gelatin, cellulose acetate or the like whose surfaces may not permit thewax used to spread and adhere suificiently may be first treated or coated with a suitable coating material, not itself necessarily significantly moistureproof.
  • suitable coating material may be formed from cellulose derivatives of polymerized vinyl compounds admixed with plesticizers, gums, resins, blown oils, or the like,
  • the lacquer or other intermediate coating or impregnating substance may be ap-' plied in any convenient manner, as by passing the base material through a solution of the lacquer and then drying while recovering the solvents (if any) in the usual manner.
  • the article pro,- symbolized by the use of an intermediate coating comprises a laminated sheet material composed of the base sheet material having a thin, intermediate layer of lacquer or the like and a thin, transparent and moistureproof surface film of Wax.
  • the ultimate moistureproofness of the finished article is substantially independent of the thickness of this layer of lacquer and hence it may be extremely thin. I have obtained satisfactory results with such a, film of only 0.00025 millimeter in thickness on each side of the base material. 7
  • a suitable thickness of intermediate coating will be obtained if approximately 10 grams of this mixture is dissolved in approximately 300 cc. of a solvent mixture consisting of 40 parts ethyl acetate and 60 parts benzene, and the regenerated cellulose is coated therewith and dried in the usual manner well known in the art. After the coating is dried, such laminated sheet material may then be coated on one or both sideswith paraifin or other suitable wax, in the apparatus indicated below, to the production of a highly moistureproof wrapping material which is transparent, flexible,
  • Such films should uniformly cover the sheet material and need not be of a thickness substantially greater than about one-tenth of a micron on each side.
  • Such films of a thickness of even as low as one one-hundredth of a micron, have very effective moistureproofing properties, and i prefer a thickness of one-twentieth o one-fiftieth of a micron, although on certain previously coated materials the. thickness may be still further increased without impairing the desired qualities of the film.
  • such a microscopically thin coating of wax can be applied by forming a fine cloud of wax in a closed chamber, exposing the material to be coated in the chamber at a point sufiiciently far removed from the source so that all particles larger than approximately 30 microns in diameter fall to the bottom of the chamber and do not lodge on the sheet; and after the surface has been uniformly and sufiiciently covered with the fine particles of wax, it is heated by passing through a hot zone, or by other suitable means, so as to fiux the wax particles together, whereupon it is cooled, giving a uniform and very thin film of wax over the entire surface.
  • moistureproofing sheet materials one or both sides may be coated as desired.
  • FIG. l of the drawings A simple embodiment of my improved apparatus for coating sheet materials is shown diagrammatically in Figure l of the drawings in which the reference numeral i0 designates a closed elongated chamber, at one end of which there, is provided a wax atomizing mechanism designated generally as ii. At the other end, the chamber is provided with spaced slots l2, in a well is through which the sheet material is passed from a mill roll it onto a finished roll it.
  • the atomizing apparatus may consist of a heated trough l6 containing parafiin ll, which is in liquid condition, .i. e. melted and, if desired, somewhat diluted with toluol or the like, and into which dips a slowly rotating feed wheel l8 which,
  • the mechanism is also provided with a tangentially disposed air blast nozzle 20 through which heated air is blown forcibly onto the periphery i9, breaking the thin film of liquid wax and carrying it in atomized form, as indicated at H, across the chamber l0.
  • the cloud of wax normally contains particles which are too large, and contains too large a proportion of particles which are above the desirable size so that it is now necessary to eliminate these larger particles as, for example, by spacing the exposed material at a distance from the atomizer and by providing a bafiie arrangement indicated generally at 23, which forces the cloud to traverse'a tortuous route in passing from one section of the chamber to the next, thus causing substantially all particles having diameters greater than a predetermined value to be separated from the cloud and to collect at the bottom in piles 2
  • the residual cloud of fine particles is air borne and deposits the desired particles on the material.
  • the material Upon leaving the chamber I0, the material then passes through a heating zone 22, in which the deposited particles of wax are fused together to form a uniform and moistureproof film, and which may be provided, if desired, with a suitable air conditioning means to prevent the loss of flexibility of the material during the fluxing of the wax particles.
  • the coated sheet material then passes onto the finished roll 15 which is deposed at such a distance from the heater 22 as to permit the wax coating to cool before the sheet is again rolled, or suitable cooling means is provided. This cooling is indicated in the drawings by the broken away portion 24.
  • a suflicient number of auxiliary rolls 25 To allow for changes in the diameters of the rolls I4 and i5, and to tension, guide and/or stretch the sheet. material properly, there are provided a suflicient number of auxiliary rolls 25.
  • a heated dryer (not shown) is preferably interposed before the heating zone 22 or the zone is made sufficiently long to drive off the solvents.
  • the wax, deposited separately on each side may be fluxed simultaneously if desired, in which case the heating zone 22 is not used during the first passage of the base material through the chamber.
  • FIGs 2 and 3 is shown another and preferred embodiment of apparatus in which the corresponding parts are similarly designated.
  • the cloud of air borne wax particles is positively circulated by suitable means such as fans 26 in a closed circuit including the cloud-forming section and the treating section.
  • suitable means such as fans 26 in a closed circuit including the cloud-forming section and the treating section.
  • This feature may also, if desired, be incorporated in the form of apparatus shown in Figure 1,but in order to facilitate the diiferential separation of the larger wax particles, the atomizing and separating chamber A is preferably made distinct from the depositing chamber B, as shown in Figure 3, the fans 26 operating to introduce the cloud of fine wax particles into the latter preferably at the top at one end and withdraw the residual cloud at the other end for recirculation through the chamber A.
  • the sheet material may have a double traverse of the chamber B before passing through the heater 22.
  • the deposited particles are not disturbed by the auxiliary rollers 25 prior to the fluxing operation, because the par-- ticles are deposited substantially only on the upper surface of the sheet during its traverse of the chamber B.
  • length of exposure for glassine should be about twice that for regenerated cellulose.
  • This apparatus may also be advantageously used in sealing the cut edges and the outside layer of coated or uncoated hygroscopic sheet materials such as cut rolls or ordinary or moistureproofed regenerated cellulose in order to protect them from changing in moisture content, especially at I the edges with consequent swelling of the film and resultant distortion thereof, or from drying out during storage. 7
  • An apparatus for moistureproofing flexible sheet materials including, in combination, a chamber provided with means to form. a cloud of fine particles of wax having diameters not substantially greater than about 40 microns, a second chamber provided with means for passing a flexible sheet of material therethrough in at least double traverse, means disposed between said chambers for circulating the cloud of wax particles fromthe first mentioned chamber into the second mentioned chamber, whereby they are deposited on one side of the sheet material during one traverse and on the opposite side during another traverse, and means to flux said deposited wax particles.
  • An apparatus for moistureproofing materials including, in combination, a chamber divided into sections, means to form a cloud of fine particles of wax in one section thereof, means to pass the material for treating through a second section of said chamber, means disposed between said sections to force the cloud of wax particles to traverse a tortuous route in passing to said treating section whereby there are separated from said cloud substantially all particles having diameters as greater than about 40 microns and means to flux the wax particles deposited on said material.
  • An apparatus for moistureproofing flexible sheet materials including, in combination, a chamber divided into sections, means to form a cloud of fine particles of wax in one section of said chamber, a baflle disposed between said section and a'second section of said chamber, means for forcing said cloud of wax particles in a tortuous route through said baender whereby there are sepa-, rated from said cloud substantially all particles having diameters greater than about 40 microns, means to pass said material to be treated through the residual wax particles in said second section whereby the particles are deposited thereon, a heating chamber and means to pass said treated material through said chamber to flux the wax particles deposited on said material.
  • An apparatus for moistureproofing flexible sheet materials including, in combination, a chamber divided into sections, means to form a cloud of fine particles of Wax in one section of said chamber, a baffie disposed between said section and a second section of said chamber, means for forcing said cloud of wax particles in a tortu-.
  • baflle disposed between said section and a second section of said chamber, means for forcing said cloud of wax particles in a tortuous route through said baffle whereby there are separated from said cloud substantially all particles having diameters greater than about 40 microns, means for passing a flexible sheet material through the residual wax particles in said second section in at least double traverse whereby the particles are deposited on one side of the material during one traverse and on the opposite side during another, traverse, a heating chamber and means to pass said treated material through said chamber to flux the deposited wax particles.
  • An apparatus for moistureproofing materials including, in combination, means to form a cloud of wax particles, means for producing an air current for conveying said cloud, means to force the cloud to traverse a tortuous route in passing to the treating point whereby there are separated from the cloud substantially all particles having diameters greater than a predetermined value, means to pass the'm'aterial to be treated into contact with the residual air-borne wax particles, and means to flux the wax particles deposited on said material.

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  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US670866A 1932-06-04 1933-05-13 Apparatus for moistureproofing materials Expired - Lifetime US2053781A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL39330D NL39330C (en(2012)) 1932-06-04
US670866A US2053781A (en) 1932-06-04 1933-05-13 Apparatus for moistureproofing materials
US67101233 US2053782A (en) 1932-06-04 1933-05-13 Process for moistureproofing materials
GB15878/33A GB420606A (en) 1932-06-04 1933-06-01 Moisture-proofing and moisture-proofed materials
FR756477D FR756477A (fr) 1932-06-04 1933-06-03 Procédé permettant de rendre des matières imperméables à l'humidité et appareil déstiné à la réalisation de ce procédé

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61535332A 1932-06-04 1932-06-04
US670866A US2053781A (en) 1932-06-04 1933-05-13 Apparatus for moistureproofing materials

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US2053781A true US2053781A (en) 1936-09-08

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US670866A Expired - Lifetime US2053781A (en) 1932-06-04 1933-05-13 Apparatus for moistureproofing materials

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US (1) US2053781A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR756477A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB420606A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL39330C (en(2012))

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416695A (en) * 1936-01-06 1947-03-04 Stuart M Jessop Method and apparatus for impregnating filter material
US2442986A (en) * 1945-01-26 1948-06-08 ransburg
US2553815A (en) * 1946-12-16 1951-05-22 Dulken Applicator for yarn conditioning liquids
US2710589A (en) * 1952-01-18 1955-06-14 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Apparatus for oiling metal strip
US2772654A (en) * 1952-06-06 1956-12-04 Rca Corp Apparatus for applying a conductive coating to the inside of a tubular glass envelope
US2789922A (en) * 1952-05-24 1957-04-23 Stewart Warner Corp Method and apparatus for applying a thin film of liquid
US3166329A (en) * 1961-09-11 1965-01-19 Garvey James Apparatus and method for inserting indicia in soap
US3450097A (en) * 1965-09-10 1969-06-17 Us Army Vapor deposition apparatus
US20140100535A1 (en) * 2008-10-17 2014-04-10 Novartis Ag Applicator for a pharmaceutical product and method of using same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2417009A (en) * 1939-09-19 1947-03-04 Bert C Miller Inc Process of coating with thermoplastic material

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416695A (en) * 1936-01-06 1947-03-04 Stuart M Jessop Method and apparatus for impregnating filter material
US2442986A (en) * 1945-01-26 1948-06-08 ransburg
US2553815A (en) * 1946-12-16 1951-05-22 Dulken Applicator for yarn conditioning liquids
US2710589A (en) * 1952-01-18 1955-06-14 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Apparatus for oiling metal strip
US2789922A (en) * 1952-05-24 1957-04-23 Stewart Warner Corp Method and apparatus for applying a thin film of liquid
US2772654A (en) * 1952-06-06 1956-12-04 Rca Corp Apparatus for applying a conductive coating to the inside of a tubular glass envelope
US3166329A (en) * 1961-09-11 1965-01-19 Garvey James Apparatus and method for inserting indicia in soap
US3450097A (en) * 1965-09-10 1969-06-17 Us Army Vapor deposition apparatus
US20140100535A1 (en) * 2008-10-17 2014-04-10 Novartis Ag Applicator for a pharmaceutical product and method of using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB420606A (en) 1934-12-03
NL39330C (en(2012))
FR756477A (fr) 1933-12-11

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