US2051866A - Hydrophone - Google Patents

Hydrophone Download PDF

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Publication number
US2051866A
US2051866A US373466A US37346629A US2051866A US 2051866 A US2051866 A US 2051866A US 373466 A US373466 A US 373466A US 37346629 A US37346629 A US 37346629A US 2051866 A US2051866 A US 2051866A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
casing
rubber
metallic
membranes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US373466A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kunze Willy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Submarine Signal Co
Original Assignee
Submarine Signal Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Submarine Signal Co filed Critical Submarine Signal Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2051866A publication Critical patent/US2051866A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/72—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to means for detecting sound waves, and more particularly to such means for detecting sound waves in water, though the invention may have application in other media.
  • the invention relates to means for the distortionless reception and translation of sound waves'from acoustic to electrical energy, or even from acoustic to mechanical or to acoustic energy.
  • Rubber diaphragm receivers have been used to overcome'the difliculties enumerated above, with remarkably good results.
  • FIGS 2, 3 and 4 show modifications of the inwention.
  • Figure 1 represents a casing of the sound eceiver in which there is an electromagnet formed iy the cylindrical shell 2, the core 3 and the coil III.
  • a cylindrical air gap 4 is formed between the me 3 and the shell 2.
  • this air gap is a movable coil 5, which is made fast by an end piece 4
  • the diaphragm and coil member is arranged close to the electromagnet so that the coil support may be made as small and light as 5 possible.
  • the core 3 at its end is cupped out at 43 so that the coil 5 may be crowded even closer to its field of useful operation.
  • the casing I has an opening 44 and the side wall of the casing is provided with an inwardly extending flange 45, against the inner surface of which a pad of soft rubber H1, or like material, is pressed.
  • the diaphragm which presses against the ring III, is composed of two. metallic discs 6 and l fastened together at the 5 center by the bolt 8 and nut 42, and has between the discs a soft rubber disc 9, or disc of other suitable material, which extends throughout the whole inner surface of the metallic discs.
  • ring ll On the inner side of the disc I is another ring ll, similar to the ring Ill in structure and size and material, but this may be chosen of such thickness as to space the diaphragm the desired distance from the face of the electromagnet.
  • the electromagnetic system I3 is fixed in the receiving casing l2.
  • the casing 2 has a flange 48 against which the ring II is pressed.
  • the diaphragm in this case is composed of three membranes l4, l5 and I6, between which are rubber discs l1 and Ill.
  • the diaphragm is held together at its center by means of the bolt l9 and nuts 49, 50 and 5
  • the diaphragm is clamped in place from the front by means of the rubber ring II), the clamping ring 22 and the externally threaded ring 2
  • the desired pressure on the diaphragm edge is obtained by tightening to the desired degree the ring 2
  • the outer membrane 23 of the diaphragm is a part of the casing 24. Behind this outer membrane is a rubber disc 25 and the second membrane 26, which is clamped to the first by means of the bolt 21 and nut 28.'
  • the diaphragm operates as .a piston and that the energy picked up by thediaphragm is not first used in compressing the .rubber disc, as in the case of a purely rubber diaphragm.
  • a purely rubber diaphrag before the whole diaphragm takes up a proper oscillation some of the energy is first used in compressing the 'rubber nearest the'sound transmitting medium.
  • the diaphragm moves as a whole and is then damped by the rubber between the two metallic membranes to preserve the true characteristic of the note.
  • the remarkable characteristic of the present diaphragm comes from the fact that, even 2., though aperiodic, it is sensitive to feeble vibrations, that the damping is uniform throughout the'whole diaphragm and less'for feeble vibrations than for large vibrations, that though aperiodic it is rigid, and that its mounting be- :10 tween very yielding clamping rings allows it to move as a real piston diaphragm and still further obtain true aperiodic characteristics without decrease in efficiency of reception.
  • the damping caused by the rubber disc may be adjustable by loose or tight clamping of the membranes.
  • the system is so constructed that the vibrations are perpendicular to the membrane 4 surface throughout and, therefore, the damping is uniform throughout the entire diaphragm area and bending is also avoided. This relieves edge friction or jamming and consequent distortion of the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm is very easily centered and the whole device assembled, since the diaphragm is one unit and is made to fit exactly in the casing and is centered by the casing walls.
  • sensitivity to vibrations can be controlled and varied by properly dimensioning the size, shape, thickness and materials used for the diaphragm within suitable limits.
  • a sound receiver comprising a diaphragm composed of a plurality of membranes posttioned parallel, having the exterior membranes of metal material and at least one of theinterior membranes of softer yielding material, and means for uniting said membranes together at their centers to form a unitary acting diaphragm, electrodynamic translating means mounted directly on said diaphragm and having a fixed course of oscillation, a casing, said diaphragm fitting in said casing and having free motion only normally to the surface of said diaphragm and means for yieldingly holding the edges of said diaphragm.
  • a metallic casing having a diaphragm formed as a part thereof, acoustic damping means positioned within the casing behind the diaphragm, a second diaphragm fitting within the casing positioned on the other side of said damping means,
  • a metallic casing having a diaphragm formed as a part thereof, a soft rubberdisc filling the portion of the casing directly behind the diaphragm, a second diaphragm positioned on the other side of said disc, means pressing said two diaphragms together andmeans clamping the edge of the inner diaphragm to the casing.
  • a metallic casing having a diaphragm formed as a part thereof, a soft rubber disc filling the portion of the casing directly behind the diahragm, a second diaphragm positioned on the other side of said disc, a bolt and nut positioned to hold the diaphragms together under tension at their center and'means clamping the edge of the inner diaphragm to the casing.
  • a casing an aperiodic fiat diaphragm composed of' membranes positioned parallel to one another and at one end 01 said casing comprising an exterior membrane oi metallic material, an interior membrane of the same material and a third membrane betweer the two of yielding material abutting agains1 the interior faces of the other membranes, mean: passing through the center of the three membranes and clamping them firmly together ant means bearing upon the periphery of the oute: side of the inner membrane at the wall of sail casing to clamp the membrane firmly against thl yielding material in the casing.
  • a sound receiver comprising a cylindrica casing having an inwardly extending flange a one end of the casing, a diaphragm composer of a plurality of membranes positioned paralle to one another and abutting the said flange in wardly of the casing, said diaphragm compose of two metallic discs and a yielding disc there between, means for clamping said-disc togethe at their centers and clamping means app d a the periphery of the disc against the flange be hind said discs.
  • a sound receiver comprising a cyllndrics casingwith a flange formed at one end extend ing inwardly, ,a diaphragm composed of two dis elements and a yielding element therebetwee positioned inside said casing on the inner sid of said flange, yielding means positioned on bot external sides of said discs at the edges there and means for clamping said diaphragm firm] in said casing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
US373466A 1928-07-16 1929-06-24 Hydrophone Expired - Lifetime US2051866A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2051866X 1928-07-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2051866A true US2051866A (en) 1936-08-25

Family

ID=7982681

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US373466A Expired - Lifetime US2051866A (en) 1928-07-16 1929-06-24 Hydrophone

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2051866A (fr)
FR (1) FR677612A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422707A (en) * 1942-07-29 1947-06-24 Submarine Signal Co Compressional wave transmitting or receiving device
US3351900A (en) * 1965-04-13 1967-11-07 Yamamoto Yujiro Acoustic transducer for use in dense medium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422707A (en) * 1942-07-29 1947-06-24 Submarine Signal Co Compressional wave transmitting or receiving device
US3351900A (en) * 1965-04-13 1967-11-07 Yamamoto Yujiro Acoustic transducer for use in dense medium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR677612A (fr) 1930-03-12

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