US2045987A - Directional aerial system - Google Patents

Directional aerial system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2045987A
US2045987A US701419A US70141933A US2045987A US 2045987 A US2045987 A US 2045987A US 701419 A US701419 A US 701419A US 70141933 A US70141933 A US 70141933A US 2045987 A US2045987 A US 2045987A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wave length
elements
aerial
half wave
portions
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Expired - Lifetime
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US701419A
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English (en)
Inventor
Green Ernest
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RCA Corp
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RCA Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of US2045987A publication Critical patent/US2045987A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength

Definitions

  • This invention relates to directional aerial systems and has for its object to provide an improved and simplified form of aerial system suitable for use as a so-called beam aerial, i. e. an
  • aerial adapted to radiate a directional beam of radiation.
  • the invention is particularly adapted for use on short waves in order to provide a short wave directional beam aerial.
  • a directional aerial comprises a plurality of radiating elements and a plurality of feeder elements the radiating elements extending substantially at right angles to the feeder elements and the whole system being constituted by two wires or conductors joined together at one end, each of said wires or conductors being arranged symmetrically with relation to the other and in such manner that in portions of said wires or conductors the currents substantially add their efiects so that these said portions constitute radiating elements while the currents in the other portions substantially neutralize their efiects so that these other portions constitute feeder elements.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawings there is shown an aerial system which comprises two WiresUTSRQPONMLKandABC DE F G H I J K joined together at K and arranged as shown in the said Figure 1 upon which figure are marked the various dimensions in terms of wave length.
  • the portions L K, J K all the elements are effectively each one half the working wave length long, and the stationary wave distribution of current obtained when the whole system is excited as indicated by voltage applied between the terminals U A will be as shown in conventional manner by the broken lines in Figure 1.
  • these portions constitute the radiating elements while the current in AB being in opposite phase to that in UT and the current DE being in opposite phase to that of RQ and. the current in ON being in opposite phase to that of GH and the current in JK being in opposite phase to that in LK, these elements constitute feeder elements.
  • the direction of maximum radiation will, of 'course, be perpendicular to the general plane in which the whole system lies, i. e., this system is a broadside system.
  • a plurality of aerial systems may be mounted side by side, as illustrated in Figure 2 which shows two such systems, insulated tension wires TI being provided for suspension purposes.
  • Arrangements as illustrated in Figure 1 are, of course, bi-directional but uni-directional qualities can be obtained in manner well known, per se, by providing a suitable reflector or curtain system which may consist of a second system similar to the main aerial system and suitably tuned or independently excited.
  • a suitable reflector may be constituted by an ordinary arrangement well known per se, of half Wave elements and in either case the reflector should be positioned approximately a quarter of the working wave length behind the aerial system.
  • a plurality of systems, as illustrated in Figure 1 are employed in combination, for example as illustrated in Figure 2, they should, of course, all be energized in phase and this is accomplished in Figure 2 by utilizing a single feeding source.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a slight modification of the system illustrated in Figure 1, and it is thought that the nature of this modification will be obvious from the figures in question.
  • an aerial system as shown in Figures 3 or 4 be excited by a voltage across the terminals S and A the current distribution will be as shown in Figure 3, the members BC, DC, EF, GF, HI, JI, JK, LK, MN, ON, PQ, RQ, constituting the radiating members and the remaining elements constituting the feeder members.
  • the aerial is mounted vertically, radiation will be horizontally polarized, and its main direction will be perpendicular to the general plane of the system.
  • aerials as shown in Figures 3 and 4 may be employedto receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves independently, and such aerialsare therefore ad- .
  • a directional. aerial comprising aplurality of radiating elements and a:p1uralityjof feeder elements the radiating eiements extending substantially at right angles to the feeder elements :and the Whole system being constituted by two conductorsjoineditogether :at one end, each of .said conductors being arranged symmetrically withrelation to the other and in such manner that in portionsof said conductors the currents substantially add their eifects so that these said 7 portions constitute radiating-elements while the currents in the other portions substantially neutralize their effects "so that these other portions constitute feeder elements, the two conductors :heingarranged to proceed from one'e'nd parallel to one another for a distance.
  • a transmitter orzrecei'ver connected between earth and the first'mentioned ends of the two conductors.
  • a broadside antenna system comprising a pairaof closely spaced parallel horizontals other. similar pairs 01 parallel horizontals, each hori-V zontal comprising two 'co linear portions, each portionbeing hot'substa ntially longer than onehalf wave length,;each:pair being separated'from the adjacent pair by 'a vertical "distance approxirhately one-half wave length, each co-linear-portion or each horizontal "being a'radiating element and being connected at one end to the parallel colinear :portion of the same'pair .at its adjacent 7 end, intermediate substantially'verti'cal elements one-half wave length llong for conveying energy from the 'radiatingelementsnof one horizontal to those of another, the last-mentioned vertical elementsbeingpositioned withrespectto each other so as to neutralize radiation therefrom, and means iforaenergizingthesystem, whereby all horizontals are activatediin-phase;
  • a system-as definedin claim 5 characterized V in this, that :each c'o-linear pcrtion of each horizontal "comprises ;a conductor one-quarter wave I length long.
  • each 'co-iine'arportion of each horizontal comprises a conductor one-half wave length long, and including a V shaped element
  • each of said conductors being arranged symmetrically with relation to the other and in such manner that in portions of said conductors the currents substantially add their eifects so that these said portions constitute radiating elements while the currents in the other portions substantially neutralize their effects so that these other portions constitute feeder elements, the two conductors being arranged to proceed from one end parallel to one another for a distance of substantially a half wave length, then turn each through a right angle and proceed away from one another for a distance approximately equal to a half wave length, then turn each through two right angles and proceed towards one another for a distance approximately equal to a half wave length, then turn each through a further right angle and proceed in the original direction for a distance substantially equal to a half wave length, the two conductors being crossed over in this portion, then turn each through a right angle and proceed away
  • each horizontal comprising two co-linear portions, each pair being separated from the adjacent pair by a vertical distance approximately one-half wave length, each co-linear portion of each horizontal being a radiating element and being connected at one end to the parallel co-linear portion of the same pair at its adjacent end, intermediate substantially vertical elements one-half wave length long for conveying energy from the radiating elements of one horizontal of a pair to those of another horizontal of an adjacent pair, the last mentioned vertical elements being crossed over with respect to each other so as to neutralize radiation therefrom and to provide in phase energy to the horizontals, and means for energizing the system.
  • a broadside antenna system comprising a pair of closely spaced parallel horizontals, other similar pairs of parallel horizontals, each horizontal comprising two co-linear half wave length portions, each pair being separated from the adjacent pair by a vertical distance approximately one-half wave length, each co-linear portion of each horizontal being a radiating element and being connected at one end to the parallel 00- linear portion of the same pair at its adjacent end, intermediate substantially vertical elements one-half wave length long for conveying energy from the radiating elements of one horizontal to those of another horizontal of an adjacent pair,
  • a broadside antenna system comprising a pair of closely spaced parallel horizontals, other similar pairs of parallel horizontals, each horizontal comprising two co-linear half wave length portions, each pair being separated from the adjacent pair by a vertical distance approximately one-half wave length, each co-linear portion of each horizontal being a radiating element and being connected at one end to the parallel colinear portion of the same pair at its adjacent end, intermediate substantially vertical elements one-half wave length long for conveying energy from the radiating elements of one horizontal to those of another horizontal of an adjacent pair, the last mentioned vertical elements being positioned with respect to each other so as to neutralize radiation therefrom, and means for energizing the system whereby all horizontals are activated in phase, and a U shaped element, the legs of which are one-quarter wave length long, on top of said antenna for connecting together the two colinear conductors of the topmost horizontal.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
US701419A 1933-02-23 1933-12-08 Directional aerial system Expired - Lifetime US2045987A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5586/33A GB415141A (en) 1933-02-23 1933-02-23 Improvements in or relating to directional aerial systems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2045987A true US2045987A (en) 1936-06-30

Family

ID=9798891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US701419A Expired - Lifetime US2045987A (en) 1933-02-23 1933-12-08 Directional aerial system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2045987A (de)
DE (1) DE619026C (de)
FR (1) FR768779A (de)
GB (1) GB415141A (de)
NL (1) NL38549C (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2781513A (en) * 1953-09-08 1957-02-12 Rca Corp Slotted sheet antenna
US2875441A (en) * 1954-10-14 1959-02-24 James A Mcgrane Twin multiple loop television antenna
US2993206A (en) * 1959-01-22 1961-07-18 Lindsay Antenna And Specialty Multiband doublet antenna
US3082422A (en) * 1960-02-09 1963-03-19 William B Watkins Plural folded dipoles with center mounted transformer coupling
EP0176994A2 (de) * 1984-10-02 1986-04-09 Autoflug Gmbh Radarerfassbares Objekt mit verbesserter Radarreflexion
US4860020A (en) * 1987-04-30 1989-08-22 The Aerospace Corporation Compact, wideband antenna system
US20040166908A1 (en) * 2003-02-20 2004-08-26 Texas Instruments Incorporated Folded monopole antenna, bent, tapped, or both, and systems incorporating same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4293858A (en) * 1979-11-23 1981-10-06 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Polarization agile meander line array

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2781513A (en) * 1953-09-08 1957-02-12 Rca Corp Slotted sheet antenna
US2875441A (en) * 1954-10-14 1959-02-24 James A Mcgrane Twin multiple loop television antenna
US2993206A (en) * 1959-01-22 1961-07-18 Lindsay Antenna And Specialty Multiband doublet antenna
US3082422A (en) * 1960-02-09 1963-03-19 William B Watkins Plural folded dipoles with center mounted transformer coupling
EP0176994A2 (de) * 1984-10-02 1986-04-09 Autoflug Gmbh Radarerfassbares Objekt mit verbesserter Radarreflexion
EP0176994A3 (en) * 1984-10-02 1988-06-22 Autoflug Gmbh Staggered arrangement for the enhancement of radar reflection
US4860020A (en) * 1987-04-30 1989-08-22 The Aerospace Corporation Compact, wideband antenna system
US20040166908A1 (en) * 2003-02-20 2004-08-26 Texas Instruments Incorporated Folded monopole antenna, bent, tapped, or both, and systems incorporating same
US7411555B2 (en) * 2003-02-20 2008-08-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Folded monoplole antenna, bent, tapped, or both, and systems incorporating same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR768779A (fr) 1934-08-13
DE619026C (de) 1935-09-20
GB415141A (en) 1934-08-23
NL38549C (de)

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