Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
  • D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
  • D01F2/30—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate by the dry spinning process

Definitions

• This invention relates to the'manufacture. of gasoline and other low boiling hydrocarbons, may filaments, threads, yarns and the like'from solube employed.
• cellulose acetate or other cellulose esters The volatile liquid may be added in any Suitable or others by the dry spinning or evaporative proportion in relation to the cellulose derivative method. or to the main bulk of solvent or solvent mixture 5 It is well known that in the early days of the used.
• Similarproportions may be used in the wards of and particularly or more, of case of petrol ether, though it has been found 15 cellulose acetate, (see U. S; Patent No. 1,688,531). that DIOIJOItiOIIS f a d unde w 130
• the present invention is likewise concerned with even 1655, are preferablemethods for improving the cross-section of the If Water be included in a p nn n solution onfilaments.
• the P e invention therefore e a es the 25 filaments obtained from such a solution in the spinning f a s lution c t n n addition to 25 ab n of th 1 t11 t tu t the main bulk of solvent or solvent mixture and
• a e 30 volatile constituent in addition to the solvent or We have Obtained highly Satisfactory su ts by l t mixture fonning t main bulk of the dissolving an acetone-soluble cellulose acetate in spinning solution.
• the process 0 e present invention isflapable 35 cellulose derivative, as for example methyl or of being pp to Spinning Solutions of all ethyl formate in the case of acetone-solublecellukinds, and the invention is not limited to 1 t t spun from t n Sohltiohs, 1 tone solutions of acetone-soluble cellulose acesolvents, that is to say substances whichare ietee Which have been more cula y schloride in the case of acetone-soluble cellulose ucellulose suie, cellulose p p t acetate, weakly acting precipitants or substances Cellulose butyrate and the like a mixed est which are swelling or gelling agents for'the cellueXample Cellulose acetate-bullyrate a d 81- lose derivative
• Precipitants, and forexemnle ethyl or benzyl ce lu ose, ethyl-ben- 45 especially t 1 acting precipitantsfare t -zyl cellulose or other mixed ethers and mixed most useful liquids for the purposes of the present ether-esters of cellulose, y mployed.
• Otherethe-rs which may e and 31001101, acetone and methyl alcohol ⁇ '50 be employed are methyl or ethyl propyl ether, ethyl or methyl acetate and ethyl or methyl al- .ethyl isopropyl 'ether and 'dieisopropyl ether.
• cohol, or mixtures of anyof these solvents may Furthermore the low boiling fractions .of be employed, or indeed any other suitable solpetroleum, and particularly petrol ether or fracvents.
• the invention improves the cross-section of spinning solution may be employed, that is to say that even when employing concentrations of 25% or higher in the spinning solution, improved cross-sections are obtainable.
• the maximum advantage of the present invention is attained in the case of spinning filaments from solutions of lower concentration, as for example 25 to 20 or 15% or less by weight of the cellulose derivative.
• cellulose derivatives and particularly cellulose acetates, of high viscosity character- ;-istics, .for example those obtained by the process described in U. S. Patent No. 1,829,822, may be used.
• the present invention includes therefore the use of these cellulose derivatives in the special spinning solutions described above.
• the evaporative medium so introduced may be heated or not and may be directed to- Wards'the filaments from one side only or from two or more points of the spinning cell or from .the centre of the nozzle so as to blow across the filaments in a radial direction when employing jet. orifices arranged in a ring, as in the ring type or disc type nozzle.
• greater evaporation may be induced by employing the collector devices of U. S. applications S. Nos. 236,448 filed 29th November, 1927, 311,213 filed 8th October, 1928, 311,214 filed 8th October, 1928, 5 405,784 filed 8th November, 1929, and 495,140 filed 12th November, 1930.
• Jet orifices of the-normal size for example .05 to .08 or .10 millimetre diameter. Jet orifices of larger crosssection or of smaller cross-section down to the minimum'obtainable may, however, be used.
• Example 1 A solution of cellulose acetate, of about 20-21% concentration, in an acetone-diethyl ether mixture containing about 88% of acetone and 12% of diethyl ether is spun through jets of .055 millimetrediameter at a spinning speed of from 200-250 metres per minute. Filaments of low denier, for example, from 2-3 deniers having a good cross-section are obtained;
• Example 2 A cellulose acetate solution of from 22-23% concentration in a mixture consisting of about 8% diethyl ether, 86% acetone and 6% water is spun under similar conditions to those obtaining in 0 Example 1, and filaments of 10W denier and good "cross-section are obtained.
• Example 3 A 23-26% solution of cellulose acetate in a solvent mixture consisting of from 6-10% iso-,....
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of irnjproved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of cellulose acetate in a solvent mixture comprising a solvent for the cellulose acetate and not more than 12%, based on the solvent mixture, of a more volatile non-solvent for the cellulose acetate and extruding said solution through suitable orifices into an evaporative atmosphere.
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of an organic derivative of cellulose in a solvent mixture comprising a solvent for the organic derivative of cellulose and not more than 12 based on the solvent mixture, of an aliphatic ether which is more volatile than the said solvent, and extruding the said solution through suitable orifices into an evaporative atmosphere.
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of cellulose acetate in a solvent mixture comprising a solvent for the cellulose acetate and a smaller proportion of diethyl ether, the said solvent being less volatile than diethyl ether, and extruding said solution through suitable orifices into an evaporative atmosphere.
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of cellulose acetate in a solvent mixture containing acetone and diethyl ether, the proportion of diethyl ether being between 6 and 12% of the solvent mixture, and extruding said solution through suitable orifices into an evaporative atmosphere.
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of an organic derivative of cellulose in an aqueous solvent mixture comprising a solvent for the organic derivative of cellulose and a smaller proportion of an aliphatic ether which is more volatile than the said solvent, and extruding said solution through suitable orifices into an evaporative atmosphere.
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming an 18 to 25% solution of cellulose acetate in a solvent mixture comprising acetone and a smaller proportion of diethyl ether, extruding said solution through suitable orifices, and drawing off the products at a speed greater than metres per minute.
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of cellulose acetate of relatively high viscosity characteristics in a solvent mixture comprising acetone and a smaller proportion of diethyl ether, extruding said solution through suitable orifices and drawing off the products at a speed greater than 150 metres per minute.
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of an organic derivative of cellulose in a solvent mixture comprising a solvent for the organic derivative of cellulose and a smaller proportion of an aliphatic ether which is more volatile than said solvent, extruding the said solution through suitable orifices into an evaporative atmosphere, and inducing rapid evaporation of the solvent mixture near the extrusion orifices.
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of cellulose acetate in a solvent mixture comprising acetone and a smaller proportion of' diethyl ether, extruding said solution through suitable orifices into an evaporative atmosphere, and inducing rapid evaporation of the solvent mixture near the extrusion orifices.
• Process for the production of solid artificial filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of cellulose acetate in a solvent mixture comprising a solvent for the cellulose acetate and a smaller proportion of a more volatile non-solvent for thecellulose acetate selected from the group consisting of methyl propyl ether, ethyl propyl ether, ethyl isopropyl ether, di-isopropyl ether and petroleum ether fractions boiling above 40 (3., and extruding the said solution through suitable orifices into an evaporative atmosphere.
• filaments, threads and the like of improved bulbous cross-section which comprises forming a solution of cellulose acetate in a solvent mixture comprising acetone and a smaller proportion of a petroleum ether fraction boiling above 40 C.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=10195281

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

• 0
  • BE BE390287D patent/BE390287A/xx unknown
• 1931
  • 1931-08-19 GB GB23418/31A patent/GB388400A/en not_active Expired
• 1932
  • 1932-07-01 US US620548A patent/US2045346A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1932-08-04 FR FR740868D patent/FR740868A/fr not_active Expired

Also Published As

Similar Documents