US2039852A - Lapping method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

May 5, 936. H. E. SNYDER LA-PPING METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed Dec. 8, 1953 P W d W W I N LN N .KN kw u ou M R R w ,R E /J ha m w Mm www Q W uw EN H M |l|- m www ru wwf) l /iimw mi uw Il @n JV gill' Imm! I lim N%\ MN ma x a Kw NN kim mw NN NF QN \W- Q May 5, 5936.

H. E. SNYDER LPPING METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed Dec. 8, 1933 @Sheets-Sheet 2 May 5,' 93@ i H E SNYDER '2,039,852

LAPPING METHOD AND APPARATUS Filed Dec. 8, 1933 3 sheets-sheet 5 Patented May 5, 1936 PATENT OFFICE LAPPING lWETI-IOD AND .APPARATUS Harold E. Snyder, Massillon, Ohio, assignor yto Clarence I. McAllister, Massillon, Ohio Application December 8, 1933, Serial No. 701,483

4 Claims.

My invention relates to methods and apparatus for simultaneously lapping preferably spherical seat surfaces on three parts or members, including a central part or member having opposite convex l. spherical surfaces thereon and two end parts or members each having a concave spherical surface therein for fitting one of the convex surfaces of the central part o-r member.

Such parts or members may be used for example in connection with a packless union for a water pump such as set forth in U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,792,786, for Sealing means, issued February 17, 1931 to Harry J. Walker.

The three parts or members for such a packless union may include a central hardened steel seal disk ring having coaxial opposite spherical and annular convex faces thereon, and two hardened steel end rings each having a spherical and -annular concave seat face thereon for fitting one of the convex seat faces on the seal disk ring.

It is essential that each set of intertting spherical faces be finished to substantially Johannsen gauge accuracy with respect to each other, and for this purpose it has been heretofore necessary to hand lap the interfitting seat faces of the three parts.

Such hand lapping operations as heretofore carried out are relatively slow and costly.

The objects of the present invention include the provision of an improved method and apparatus whereby the intertting seat surfaces of the three parts may be rapidly lapped, preferably by the use of power driven means, thereby reducing the cost of providing the necessary accurately intertting seat faces, and at the same time enabling mass production of the parts, and a consequent greater use of the packless water pumps in automobiles and the like.

The foregoing and other objects are attained by the methods, apparatus, parts, combinations, andsub-combinations, which comprise the present invention, and the nature of Which is set forth in the following general statement, and preferred Iembodiments of the apparatus tof gether with the preferred mode of use in carrying out the improved methods, are set forth in the following description, and which are particularly and distinctly pointed out and set forth in the appended claims forming part hereof. y

The nature of the improved lapping method of the present invention may be described in general terms as including abutting two end members each having a concave spherical seat formed therein against opposite sides of a central disk 5 member having opposite convex spherical seats therein, each concave spherical seat inter'tting L with one of the convex spherical seats, applying a lapping compound between the intertting seats, and simultaneously rotating the end members in the same direction about axes which intersect at the center of the central member.

The nature of the improved apparatus of the present invention may be described in general terms as including two power driven spindles whose longitudinal axes are angled to and intersect each other, means rotating the spindles in the same direction, opposite ends of the spindles being spaced from each other, each of the opposed ends of the spindles being provided with chuck means for releasabl'y mounting one of the end1 members of the union for rotation about the spindle axis, means yieldingly urging one of the spindles towards the other, and .means for starting and stopping rotation of the spindles and simultaneously feeding lapping compound to the union members when the spindles start to rotate.

One embodiment of the improved apparatus hereof adapted for carrying out the improved method hereof, is illustrated in the accompanying ldrawings forming part hereof, in which L Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a anged end sleeve mounting one end ring of the union, the lap finishing of the parts of which the improved method and apparatus is particularlr adapted;

Fig. 2, aside elevation View of the central seal ring of the union;

Fig. 3, a transverse sectional view of the other end ring of the union;

Fig. 4, a top plan view with portions broken Yaway and illustrated in section of the improved apparatus with the three union parts to be lapped in place ready for operation of the apparatus for lapping the spherical seat surfaces on the three union parts;

Fig. 5, a fragmentary enlarged sectional View of the spindle portions of Fig. 4 more clearly illustrating details of construction and arrangement of the apparatus and the union parts;

Fig. 6, a front elevation view with portions broken away and illustrated in vertical section, illustrating certain parts of the apparatus in their relative positions during lapping operation of the same when the spindles are rotating;

Fig. 7, a fragmentary plan sectional View of one of the check valves of the `improved'lapping compound feeding means of the apparatus, as on line 1-1, Fig. 6; and

Fig. 8, a view similar to Fig. 6 illustrating certain `parts of the apparatus in their relative 55 positions when the spindles are stopped permitting loading or removing of the union parts in or on the chucks of the spindles.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The improved lapping apparatus is indicated generally by I0 and is adapted for carrying out the improved method hereof for lapping intertting spherical seat faces on a three part union indicated generally by The three part union as illustrated comprises parts of a packless union for a Water pump such as set forth in U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,792,786, and includes a central hardened steel seal disk ring I2 and two hardened steel end rings I3 and |3'.

The central seal disk ring I2 is formed with a central externally cylindric face |5 and opposite convex spherical and annular or zone seat faces |6 and I 1v, the faces I6 and I'I comprising opposite and similar zonesY of spherical surfaces having centers on the axis indicated by the dotdash line |8, of the cylindric face I5.

The sealdisk ring I2 has an internally cylindric bore I9 whose axis is also the axis I8 and the convex spherical zone faces I6 and |`I terminate at their outer ends in smaller circular corner intersections 20 and 2| respectively with the central cylindric bore I9, and the spherical zone faces I6 and I1 terminate in opposite inner ends in larger circular corner intersections 22 vand 23 respectively with the cylindric face I5.

The planes of thecircular corner intersections l22 and 23 are Yparallel with each other and are equally spaced from'the central plane 24 of the ring, normal to the axis I8.

i The planes of the circularrcorner intersections 20 and 2| are parallel with each other and with the planes of the circular corner intersections 22 and 23 and are equally spaced therefrom.

Accordingly the convex spherical zone faces |6 and |1 may be otherwise stated as being oppositely and similarly disposed Vwith respect to the center 25 of the seal disk ring I 2, and the radii of the spherical faces I6 and |1 as illustrated are preferably equal. Y y

The end ring I3 isformed with a central internally cylindric bore 26, `and an outer cylindric surface 21, each cylindric surface having the axis, indicated by the dot-dash line 28, and at one end the end ring I 3 has a at annular end face 29 normal to the `axis 28 and at the other end a flat Vannular end face 30 likewise normal to the axis 28. Aconcave spherical and annular or Vzone face 3| is locatedv between the internally cylindric'bore 26 of the end ring I3 and the annular flat end face 30,'and the spherical seat face 3| terminates at its outer end in a larger circular corner intersection 32 with the flat end face 30, the center of the spherical face 3| being on the l -axisf28 and the radius of the concave spherical face 3| of the end ring I3 being substantially equal to the radius of the convex spherical face I1 of the seal disk ring I2 so that the spherical faces I1 and 3| may intert with each other.

The .end ring I3 as illustrated is mounted in a counterbore provided in one Yend of a sleeve 33, the sleeve 33 being preferably provided with a ange 33 at its end mounting the end ring I3. The sleeve 33 has aninternally cylindric4 bore 34 which is coaxial with the bore 26 of the end ring I3. The flanged sleeve 33 as illustrated is used in connection with a certain form' of the packless union Y The end ring I3' as illustrated is substantially identical with the end ring I3, the end ring I3 being formed with a central internally cylindric bore 26', and an outer cylindric surface 21', each cylindric surface having the axis, indicated by the dot-dash line 28', and at one end the end ring I 3 has a flat annular end face 29 normal to the axis 28 and at the other end a ilat annular end face 30 likewise normal to the axis 28'. A concave spherical and annular or zone face 3| is located between the internally cylin- -dric bore 26 of the end ring I3 and the annular flat end face 30', and the spherical seat face 3| terminates at its outer end in a larger circular corner intersection 32 with the flat end face 30', the center of the spherical face 3| being on the axis 28 and the radius of the concave spherical face 3| of the end ring I3 being substantially equal to the radius of the convex spherical face I6 of the seal disk ring I2 so that the spherical faces I6 and 3|' may intert with each other.

For the successful operation of the particular union it is essential that the intertting spherical faces I6 and 3| and I1 and 3|, be finished to substantially Johannsen gauge y accuracy.

Prior to the present invention, the finishing of the intertting seat faces has been by hand lapping operations which have been relatively slow, costly, and permitting only a limited production.

The apparatus I0 is particularly adapted for rapidly lap finishing the intertting seat faces of each set of three union parts including a seal disk ring I2 and 'end rings I3 and I3.

The improved lapping apparatus I0 includes a table frame indicated generally by 4I and having a top 42 on which improved spindle means 43 and 44 are operatively mounted.

The spindle means 43 includes a bearing block 45 in which a spindle 46 is mounted for rotation, preferably by anti-friction bearing means 41 and 41.

The spindle 46 includes a spindle sleeve 48 having opposite ends extending beyond opposite ends of the bearing block 45. On the outer end of the spindle sleeve 48 a drive pulley 49 is secured. Y Retracting chuck means indicated generally by 50 are operatively mounted in and on the spindle sleeve 48, the engaging means 5| of the chuck means 50 being located at the inner end of a rod 50-I slidably mounted sleeve 48.

The spindle means 44 includes a bearing block 52 in which the spindle 53 is mounted for rotation, preferably by anti-friction bearing means 54 and 54.

The spindle 53 includes a spindle sleeve 55 having opposite ends extending beyond opposite ends of the bearing block 52. On the outer end of the spindle sleeve 55 a drive pulley 56 is secured.

Chuck or collet means indicated generally by 51 are operatively mounted on the spindle sleeve 55, the engaging means 58 of the chuck means 51 being located at the inner end of the spindle 53 opposite the engaging means 5| of the chuck means 50 of the spindle 46.

The axis of rotation of the spindle 46 is indicated by the dot-dash line 59 and the axis of rotation of the spindle 53 is indicated by the dot-dash line 60.

The axes 59 and 60 are angled with respect to each other and intersect at the point 6| between the bearing blocks 45 and 52.

zoV

The. 'improved lapping' apparatus I0 lfurthermore includes means for driving both spindles 46 and 53 inthe 4same direction of rotation, and as illustrated the driving means is Aindicated generally by r62 and lincludes a drive sleeve 63 mounted for rotation on the table frame 4| below@ the .table top 42, as by anti-friction bearing means 64.

On onev outer end of the drive sleeve '63 a drive pulley 165 is provided and the drive pulley 65 is drive'connected as by means of a belt 66 with a drive motor, not shown.

On the other outer end of the drive sleeve 63 a female clutch member 61 is provided.

A countershaft 68 extends through the bore of the drive sleeve 63 and has one end rotatablymcunted in the frame 4I as byanti-friction bearingmeans 69, .and the other end rotatably mounted in the drive sleeve 63 as by. anti-friction bearing means 10.

A male clutch member 1I is slidably keyed on the countershaft 68 adjacent the female clutch member 61 and thecountershaft 68 has a shoulder 12 formed thereon, and a'compression spring.13`is interposed between the'shoulder 12 and the male clutch member 1I normally urging the .male clutch member 1I into engagement -with.the female 'clutchmember 61, and when thefclutch members are engaged, the countershaft 68 isk .rotated by and with the Ydrive sleeve 63.

Themale clutch member 1I is `formed with an'outwardly opening annular groove 14 which preferablyhas at the sides thereof friction rings 15 .and 15'.

A` yoke 16 has its lowerforked .end'11 extending into the groove 14 Ybetween'the friction rings 15 and 15', and the upperend 18 of theyoke 16 is secured to a collar 19,l and the collar 19 is preferably adjustably mounted on a .slide shaft slidably mounted in the frame`4I.

The countershaft 68 has a driving'pulley 8| secured'on one end thereof in driving alignment with the pulley-49 ofthe spindle means 43, and a belt 82 provides adriving connection between the driving pulley 8| and the pulley 49 of the spindle means 43.

Thecountershaft 68 also hasa driving pulley 83 secured thereon at its other end in driving alignment with the driven pulley 56 ofthe spindle means 44, and a belt 84 provides a driving connection between the countershaft driving pulley 83 and the driven pulley 56l of the spindle means' 44.

Accordingly, the spindles 46 and 53 are driven in the same direction when the countershaft 68 is in driving engagement with the drivesleeve 63, asshown in Fig. 6.

A compression spring 81 is interposed between the collar` 19 and one of the frame members 88 and normally urges the slide shaft 80 in the direction of the arrow^89. l

CamV tongues are secured on the-outer side of the frame member 88 and coact with cam notches 9| and cam tongues 9| provided on the adjacent end of a cam sleeve 92 which is rotatably mounted on the outer-end of the slide shaft 80, and which is provided with a handle 93.

Accordingly the spring 81 yieldingly abuts the cam sleeve 92 with the cam notches 9| against the cam tongues 90 when the handle-93 is located in the position shown in Fig. 6.

When theA handle.93 is turned to the'position shown in Fig..8, .the .cam tongues 9|' of the cam sleeve 92 ride over the frame cam tongues 90 andrslide theshaft 80 -in the 'directionofthe arrow 94, and accordinglyV disengages the male clutch member 1 I slidably-keyed on the countershaft, from the female clutch member 61 carried on the drive sleeve "63, as aforesaid,V with the yoke forked end 11 abutting against "the friction ring 15 in the` groove 14, and not only serving to retract the male clutch member 1I from the female clutch member 61, but alsof servingfto brake the same, and thus stop rotation of the countershaft 68.

Means indicated generally by 95 and actuated bymovement of the V'slideshaft 80. are'provided for automatically delivering a measured aquaritity of lapping compound, such as an emeryidust and an oil mixture, .to a point 96 which is withinthe bore of a seal ring I2 being lappedin a machine,` from which the delivered charge of lapping compound centrifuges out between the abutting spherical zone faces of the three union parts I2, I3, and I3 being lapped.

The lapping compound feeding means 95 includes a base member 91 which is mounted on a plate 98 carried on the outer end of arms 99 the inner ends of which are secured totheutable top 42.

A lower compartment |00 is formed by a counterbore I 00 provided in the lower facewof the base member 91 and by the upper face of the plate 98.

A duct IOI communicates between thecompartment |00 and one end of a feed tube |02 which is screwed into thebase member 91, and which extends through the bore of the spindle sleeve 55, and the other end of the feed tubeI02 terminates at the point 96.

The base member 91 has an upper compartment |03 formed by an upper counterbore |03 therein, and by a diaphragm |04 extending across the upper end of the upper counterbore |03.

A port |05 communicates between the lower compartment |00 and the upper compartment |03 and a spring pressed check valve |06 is cooperatively associated with the port |05.

The diaphragm |04 is centrally connected with a check valve casing |01 which includes inlet openings |08, an outlet opening |09 and a spring pressed check `valve III] interposed therebetween.

Above the diaphragm |04 a tubular member III has its lower threaded end screwed into the threaded upper end of the counterboreI03 and a screen closure I I 2 .may be provided for the'upper end of the bore of the tubular member III.

A diaphragm rod. I I3 is secured atits lower end to the upper end of the valve casing |01 and the rod I I3 passes through an opening formed in the screen closure `I I2 and through a guide opening formed in a guide bracketI I4 secured to the upper end of the tubular member I I I.

Above the guide bracket I|4 the upper end of the rod ||3 is connected to'one end of a supporting bar II5, the other end of which isconnected preferably adjustably as by nuts IIB with the threaded upper end of a push rod II1. The push rod II1 is slidably mounted in a vertical guide tube I I8 the lower threaded end of which is screwed in a threaded bore formed in the plate 98.

The limit of downward travel of the push rod ||1 and thus of the diaphragm rod ||3 is adjustably determined asby means of a nut II9 screwed on the threaded upperk end of the push rod |41, and abutting against thevupperend of the guide tube I I 8 at the desired position of maxi mum downward travel as shown in Fig. 6.

The lower end of the push rod I1 extends below the lower end of the guide tube I I8 below the plate 98, and a flanged nut |20 is screwed on a threaded portion of the lower end of the push rod |I1 and a compression spring I 2| is interposed between the ilanged nut |20 and a lock nut |22 screwed on the threaded lowe-r end of the guide tube |I8, thereby normally urging the push rod II'I downwardly.

A rocker arm |23 is pivotally mounted intermediate its ends as by a pivot bolt |24 secured in the lower ends of members |25 depending from the arms 99.

'I'he outer end of the rocker arm |23 has an adjustable push rod actuating head |26 screwed therein, and the inner end of the rocker arm |23 is pivotally secured to one end of a link |21, the other end of which is pivotally secured to the adjacent end of the slide shaft 80.

' In Fig. 8 the relative positions of the parts of the apparatus I0 are shown when the spindles have been stopped, union parts having been loaded on the spindle chucks and when the slide shaft is in its position of extreme displacement in the direction of the arrow 94, and the rocker' arm head |26 is elevated soas to elevate the push rod ||1 and the diaphragm rod I I3 and the diaphragm |04.

The tubular member I Vis lled with lapping compound and when the diaphragm rod I3 and diaphragm |04 are elevated to the positions shown in Fig. 8, the check valve I I0 opens and the check valve |00 closes, thereby permitting a charge of lapping compound to pass from the bore of the tubular member III through the checkv valve |.I0 into the upper compartment |03.

When the handle 93 is turned to the position shown in Fig. 6, vthe slide shaft 80 is moved to its position of extreme displacement in the direction of the arrow 89, and the outer end of the rocker arm |23 drops permitting the spring |2| to move the push rod I I1 and the diaphragm rod I3 downwardly, thus bringing the diaphragm |04 to the position shown in Fig. 6, in which the upper check valve ||0 is closed and the lower check valve |06 is opened and a charge of lapping compound has been fed through the bore of the tube |02 to the point 96 within the bore of the seal disk ring I2 of the three union parts loaded in the apparatus ready for lapping.

Simultaneously, the male clutch member 1| has been'permitted to engage with the female clutch member 61 and the union parts I2, I3 and I3 are lapped, by operation of the apparatus rotating the end rings of the union parts about their axes 28 and 28 intersecting each other at the center 25 of the seal disk ring I2, the end rings I3 and I3' rotating in the same direction.

After the parts have been lapped sufficiently, the chuck 5I is retracted and the union parts are removed from the chucks of the apparatus, and another set of three union parts is inserted into the chucks of the machine.

In the illustrated form of the apparatus I0, the retracting chuck means 50 is provided in its engaging means 5I with a rubber washer 5| which yieldingly backs each end ring I3 carried in the engaging means 5I.

The engaging means 58 of the chuck or collet means 51 as illustrated is arranged to carry successively ange sleeves 33 in which the end rings 'I3 are mounted as heretofore described.

As aforesaid, the engaging means 5| is mounted on the inner end of a rod 50-I slidably mounted in the spindle sleeve 48.

The other end of the rod 50-I extends beyond .the pulley 49, and a counterbored sleeve' 50-2 is slot and pin connected at one end 50--3 With the outer end of the rod 50-I and is provided at its other end 50-4 with a releasable bayonet joint connection with the spindle sleeve 48, and within the counterbore of the sleeve 50-2 a collar 50-5 is secured on the rod 50|, and a com-V pression spring 50-6 is interposed between the collar 50-5 and the bottom of the counterbore of the sleeve 50-2.

Accordingly when the sleeve 50-2 has its bayonet joint connection engaged with the spindle l sleeve 48, the spring 50-6 yieldingly urges Vthe rod 50-I and the chuck engaging means 5I, towards the opposite chuck engaging means 58, thereby abutting union parts I3 and I3' mounted respectively in the engaging means 58 and 5| against a mating' seal disk ring I2 located therebetween.

When the sleeve 50-2 is operated to release its bayonet joint connection with the sleeve 48, the rod 50--I may be retracted or withdrawn, to the position shown in Fig. 8, thereby permitting unloading and loading of the chuck engaging means.

It is to be particularly noted, that in the lapping Ymethod as carried out by the improved apparatus above set forth, rotation of the union end members in the samedirection, with the central disk ring member therebetween and with the concave annular spherical zone seats of the end members fitting against the convex seats 0f the central disk ring member, serves to simultaneously lap the spherical seat surfaces of all the members because the rotation of the end members in the same direction gives rise to a continuous slippage or creep of the central member with respect to both end members, thereby attaining the desired lapping action.

When the end members are rotated in opposite directions in abutment with a central disk member, the end members and the central disk member having the described intertting spherical Zone seats, the central disk member sticks in the spherical zone seat of one of the end members and it is impossible to effect the desired lapping.

I claim:

1. The method of lap finishing spherical zone seats on three members including a central disk member having opposite convex spherical zone seats thereon and two end members each having a concave spherical zone seat therein and each concave seat interltting with one ofthe convex seats, whichV includes abutting the members together so that each concave seat fits against one of the convex seats, and simultaneously rotating the end members in the same direction, the axes of rotation of the end members being angled with respect to each other.

3. The method of lap nishing spherical zone seats on three members including a central ring disk member having opposite convex spherical zone seats thereon and two end disk members each having a concave spherical zone seat therein and each concave seat interfitting With one of the convex seats, which includes abutting the members together so that each concave seat ts against one of the convex seats, and simultaneously rotating the end members in the same direction about intersecting angled axes, and introducing lapping compound Within the opening of the ring disk member and between the abutting seats of the rotating members from a point adjacent the intersection of the axes of rotation. 4. Apparatus for lapping and the like including two spindles each operatively mounted for rotation about a longitudinal axis, the spindles having opposite ends spaced from each other, chuck means on each opposite spindle end, means for rotating the spindles, and means for feeding successive charges of lapping compound between the opposite chuck means, and common means controlling the operation of the spindle rotating means and the lapping compound feeding means.

HAROLD E. SNYDER.

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