US2039558A - Hair-waving apparatus - Google Patents

Description

y P. SAN'T'URELLO I HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed June 20, 1934 INVEN TOR. Pefer fianfureflo ATORNEYS.

Patented May 5, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAIR-WAVING APPARATUS Peter Santurello, Columbus, Ohio Application June 20, 1934, Serial No. 731,501

13 Claims. (01. 13233) My invention relates to hair-waving apparatus. It has to do, more particularly, with that type of hair-Waving apparatus which is used for producing what is commonly known as a croquinole wave in the hair.

Devices used for producing croquinole waves are commonly made of a clamp member which is first applied to a segregated strand of hair close to the roots thereof. Upon this clamp member is adapted to be mounted, a mandrel, on which the hair is wound. The clamp member is first applied and the free end of the hair is then secured to the mandrel which is separate from the clamp member. Then the hair is wound on the mandrel while moving the mandrel closer to the scalp. The mandrel is finally mounted on the clamp and it is of such a type that, after being mounted on the clamp, it may be rotated in one direction only to tighten the hair thereon. The mandrel usually fits in yoke members on the clamp and is held in such yoke members by the tension oi. the hair pulling the mandrel down towards the clamp member.

In the past, before it was possible toremove 5 the mandrel from the clamp after the hair had been waved, it was necessary to first remove or loosen the clamp member from the strand of hair. This was due to the fact that the pull of the hair on the mandrel was relied upon for 30 holding it in the yoke members on the clamp and the only way the mandrel could be removed was by releasing this downward pull of the hair on the mandrel. The tension on the hair could only be eliminated by unclamping the clamp 35 member from the strand of hair and then unwinding the hair therefrom. These clamp members have usually been of such a type that they were difficult to release from the hair, especially where a large number of them were disposed on 40 the head of the person being treated.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a device of the type indicated which embodies a clamp member and a mandrel which is to be mounted on the clamp member, my de- 45 vice being of such a nature that the mandrel may be removed from the clamp member after hair has been wound and tightened thereon, without first removing the clamp member from the strand of hair.

5 Another object of my invention is to provide a device of the type indicated which is extremely simple in structure and which may be readily operated.

In its preferred form my invention contem- 55 plates the provision of a hair-waving device which is particularly suitable for producing that type of Wave commonly known as the croquinole wave and which comprises a clamp member and protecting element adapted to be applied to a segregated strand of hair near the roots thereof. This 5 clamp member is of such a type that it may be readily operated to grip the hair and will grip the hair firmly without injury thereto. I further provide a mandrel upon which the hair is to be wound and which is to be mounted on the 10 clamp member and protecting element. The outer ends of the hair are first secured to this mandrel and the mandrel is rotated and simultaneously moved towards the clamp member to wind the hair thereon spirally. The mandrel is pro- I5 vided with means for tightening the hair and the tension of the hair aids in holding the mandrel on the'clamping device. A latch member is also provided for holding the mandrel on the clamp member. However, this latch member is 20 of such a type that it may be readily released and bodily rotation of the mandrel will be permitted, thereby relieving the tension on the hair. Thus, the mandrel can be readily removed from the clamp member without first removing the clamp member from the strand of hair.

The preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein similar characters of reference designate cor-' responding parts and wherein:

Figure l is a perspective view of a hair-waving device made in accordance with my invention and embodying a, protecting element and clamp member and a mandrel, the mandrel not being yet mounted on the clamp member and the clamp member being shown as resting on one side edge.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 but showing the mandrel mounted on the clamp member and the parts of the clamp member in their operative positions. 40

Figure 3 is a more or less diagrammatic view, illustrating how my device is applied to the hair.

Figure 4 is a View similar to Figure 3 and showing my device after the hair has been wound on the mandrel, the mandrel mounted on the clamp member and the hair tensioned on the mandrel.

Figure 5 is a top plan view of the clamp member and protecting device illustrated in the preceding figures.

Figure 6 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of the entire device, including the clamp member and the mandrel and showing the mandrel mounted on the clamp member.

With reference to the drawing, I have illustrated my invention as comprising a clamping member and protecting element which may be indicated generally by the numeral This clamp member embodies a body of bakelite 2 or of other suitable material which will not readily conduct heat and which is preferably of the shape illustrated. This body of bakelite has a lug or projection 3 extending from one of its edges and adjacent one end thereof. On the opposite end of the body and projecting from the same edge is a lug 4. The strand of hair to be wound is adapted to pass between these two lugs, as will appear later.

A plate of metal 5 is fastened to the outer or upper surface of the body of bakelite. However, between this plate and the surface of the body of bakelite, a block of rubber 6 or the like is disposed. The plate 5 has lugs l and 8 formed thereon and which project from the edge thereof. These lugs 1 and 8 are positioned substantially even with the lugs 3 and 4 on the body of bakelite. The strand of hair is also adapted to pass between these lugs. The block of rubber extends substantially from the lug I to the lug 8. As indicated in Figure 6, the portion of the body of bakelite where the lug 3 is formed is thicker than that portion of the body 2 with which the block of rubber 6 contacts. This block of rubber 6 is held in place in any suitable manner but projects out past the corresponding edges of plate 5 and body 2, so that the plate and body do not contact with the hair when the clamp member is clamped thereon.

One end of the plate member 5 is spaced from the surface of the end of the body member 2, as indicated at 9. A second plate member I 0 is provided in contact with the surface of the body member and a filler member H is provided for maintaining the space 9 between these two plates. Adjacent the lug member a member I2 is riveted or bolted to the filler member II. This member I2 is preferably made of resilient metal and projects in the same direction as the lugs 3 and I. This member I2 is so disposed that a space I3 is formed between it and the lug 3. A similar space is formed between lug I and lug 3. This member l2 has a plurality of small openings |4 formed therein adjacent the outer end thereof. These openings are provided for a purpose which will be explained later. The outer end of the member I2 is upwardly turned as indicated at l5.

The arm I6 is pivotally mounted on the main portion of the clamp member and is adapted to clamp the strand of hair between it and the main portion of the clamp member. This arm l6 embodies two strips of metal I! spaced apart throughout the greater portion of their length and having a block of rubber I8 disposed therebetween and held therein in a suitable manner. One end of the arm 5 is pivotally mounted between the lug 4 and the lug 8 on the corresponding end of the main portion of the clamp member. The block of rubber |8 projects inwardly past the edges of the strips of metal so that the block of rubber will contact with the hair when it is gripped but the strips of metal will not. The opposite ends of the strips of metal are brought together as indicated at l9 and securely fastened together. finger 20 integrally formed thereon and projecting at right angles to the body portionthereof.

The arm IB is pivoted so that the block of rubber |8 thereon may be brought into cooperative relation with the block of rubber 6 on the main portion of the clamp member to grip the- One of these strips of metal has a' hair therebetween or to separate these two blocks of rubber to release the hair. When the arm H5 is swung into operative position, the thin portion of the arm formed where the two strips come together Will swing down between the member l2 and lug 3 and, also, between lug and lug 3. The strip I! which will lie adjacent the member I2 is provided with a pin or raised portion 2| adjacent the free end thereof. This raised portion 2| is adapted to cooperate with the openings M. The member I2 is so disposed that when the free end of the arm is swung between it and the lug 3, it will bear against the member I2 and the raised portion 2| will snap into the openings l4. Thus, the arm will be automatically locked in place. Since a plurality of these openings are provided, the arm may be swung inwardly until the hair is tightly clamped between the members 6 and I2. The opening l4 in which the raised portion 2| will seat, will depend upon the thickness of the strand of hair to be disposed between members 6 and I8. Thus, the clamping member and the protecting member I may be readily applied to or removed from a strand of hair.

I further provide means on the clamping member by which the mandrel 22 of my device may be mounted thereon. Thus, on the end of the plate member 5, adjacent to where the arm I6 is pivoted, I provide a block or projecting portion 23 having a cradle 24 formed therein. On the opposite end of the plate member 5, a latch member 25 is pivoted. This end of the plate 5 is curled as indicated at 26 and is provided with a slot in which the lower end of the latch member 25 is disposed. A pivot pin passes through the curled portion 26 of the plate and a corresponding opening in the lower end of latch 25. The lower end of the latch member 25 extends into the space 9 underneath plate 5 and is provided with stop members 21 which will permit swinging of the latch member 25 but will limit swinging by contacting with the plate l0. These stops will always keep the latch member 25 upstanding to a substantial extent so that it may be always readily operated with the finger.

The mandrel 22 is preferably of the shape illustrated, being greater in cross-section at its ends than in the middle. This mandrel has a hairgripping member 28 pivotally mounted thereon in such a manner that it may be swung away from the mandrel or into embracing relation therewith. One end of the mandrel has a knob 29 formed thereon and the other end has a knob 30 thereon. The knob 30 is of slightly greater diameter than knob 29. An extension 3| is provided at one end of the mandrel and this extension and the mandrel are rotatable relative to each other. The spring clutch 32 of a suitable form permits rotation of the body portion of mandrel 22 relative to the extension 3| in one direction but prevents relative rotation in an opposite direction. The extension 3| has slots 33 formed therein and disposed at right angles to each other. The opposite end of the mandrel has a key 34 thereon by which it may be rotated.

In mounting the mandrel on the clamp member, the knob 29 is seated in the cradle 24 formed in member 23. The latch member 25 is then swung into one of the slots 33 at the opposite end. The knob 39 will contact with plate 5. The upper end of latch member 25 is enlarged as at 35 so that when it is swung into slot 33 this enlarged portion will contact with the outer surface of extension 33 and will draw the knob 30 firmly against plate 5. The cradle 24 will cooperate with latch member 25.

the knob 29 which fits therein, to prevent longitudinal movement of mandrel 22 on the clamp member I. The mandrel may be readily removed from the clamping member I by merely swinging the latch 25 from slot 33.

In using my apparatus, a strand of hair is first segregated and the clamping and protecting element I is then applied thereto in the manner described near the scalp. The mandrel will be separate from the member I and the free end of the hair will be placed between the gripping member 28 and the mandrel. Then the mandrel will be rotated and simultaneously moved towards the member I. When the member I is reached, the knob 29 will be disposed in cradle 24 and the latch member 25 will be swung into one of the slots 33. Then, by turning key 34, the mandrel 22 may be rotated relative to extension 3|. Rotation of the extension 3| will be prevented by In Figure 3 the hair is shown being wound on the mandrel in a counter-clockwise direction. After the mandrel is mounted on the device I, as indicated, and if the hair has been wound thereon in a counter-clockwise direction, the mandrel is also rotated in a counter-clockwise direction. This will cause tightening of the hair on the mandrel and loosening of the hair thereon will be prevented, since the spring clutch 32 will prevent reverse rotation of the mandrel. The tension of the hair also tends to hold the mandrel on the member I.

As previously stated, when it is desired to remove the mandrel from the member I, it is not necessary to first remove the clamping member from the strand of hair. The mandrel may be removed merely by swinging the latch member 25 out of the slot 33. This will permit bodily rotation of the mandrel and extension 3| and will release the tension on the hair. When the latch member is swung out of the slot member 33, bodily rotation of the mandrel in a clockwise direction is permitted, relieving the tension on the hair. Since the clutch member 32 prevents rotation of mandrel 22 relative to extension 3| in a clockwise direction, the only way tension on hair can be released, except by removing the entire clamping member I, is by swinging the latch member 25 out of the slot 33 and permitting clockwise bodily rotation of the mandrel. As previously stated, this invention seeks to and does render unnecessary the removal of the clamping member from the strand of hair before being able to remove the mandrel therefrom.

After the mandrel has been removed, the clamping member and protecting member may be readily removed from the strand of hair merely by pressing outwardly with the finger on the end of member l2 to release the projection 2| from one of the openings l4 formed therein. Then the arm member l5 may be swung outwardly and the device removed from the strand of hair.

It will be understood from the above description that I have provided a hair-waving device which is extremely simple in structure and which has many advantageous features. This structure is of such a type that after hair has been wound and tightened on the mandrel, the mandrel may be readily removed without first releasing or entirely removing the clamping member from the hair. As soon as the latch 25 is swung into in operative position, the tension on the hair will be released and the mandrel may then be easily removed. This structure differs from prior art structures wherein it was necessary to release or entirely remove the clamping member from the strand of hair before being able to remove the mandrel. This is due to the fact that the tension on the hair was relied upon, in prior art devices, to hold the mandrel in the yoke members on the clamp and these yoke members would not permit rotation of the mandrel in a proper direction to release the tension on the hair. The only way the tension could be released was by releasing the gripping action of the clamp on the strand of hair. However, with applicants device, the tension on the hair may be released merely by operation of latch 25.

The clamping member and protecting element which I have provided is also very simple in structure. It is of such a type that it will firmly grip the hair regardless of the thickness of the strand placed therein. Furthermore, it will not cut or injure the hair. Also, it may be readily operated to grip or release the hair. When placed on the hair and the arm thereof is swun into operative position, it will be automatically locked in position.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

l. Hair-waving apparatus comprising a clamp member, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamp member, said mandrel comprising a main body portion and a bearing member on which said body portion may rotate, means for permitting rotation of said main body portion of the mandrel on said bearing member in one direction but for precluding rotation thereof in an opposite direction, means for mounting the mandrel on the clamp member in such a manner that rotation of the bearing member in either direction will be precluded, said m ans including a pivoted latch member which is swingable into and out of a socket formed in said bearing member.

2. Hair-waving apparatus comprising a camp member, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamp member, said mandrel comprising a main body portion and a bearing member on which said body portion may rotate, means for permitting rotation of said main body portion of the mandrel on said bearing member in one direction but for precluding rotation thereof in an opposite direction, means for mounting the mandrel on the clamp member in such a manner that rotation of the bearing member in either direction will be precluded, said means including a pivoted latch member which is swingable into and out of a socket formed in said bearing member, and means for preventing longitudinal movement of said mandrel on said clamp member.

3. A hair-waving device comprising a clamp member adapted to grip a strand of hair and comprising two arm members pivotally secured together, one of said arm members being swingable into and out of operative position relative to the other arm member, means for automatically locking said arm members in operative position, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamp member, said mandrel having a knob formed on one end thereof and having an extension on the opposite end thereof, rotatable in one direction only relative to the body portion thereof, said extension having a slot in its outer end, means for mounting said mandrel on said clamp member, said means including a channel member formed in said clamp member into which said knob fits for precluding relative longitudinal movement between said mandrel and said clamp member, a latch member pivotally mounted on said clamp member adjacent the opposite end of said mandrel, said latch member being swingable into and out of said slot;

4. A hair-waving device comprising a clamp member adapted to grip a strand of hair, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamp member, said mandrel having a knob formed on one end thereof and having an extension on the opposite end thereof rotatable in one direction only relative to the body portion thereof, said extension having a slot in its outer end, means for mounting said mandrel on said clamp member, said means including a channel member formed in said clamp member into which said knob fits for precluding relative longitudinal movement between said mandrel and said clamp member, a latch member pivotally mounted on said clamp member adjacent the opposite end of said mandrel, said latch member being swingable into and out of said slot.

5. A hair-waving device comprising a clamp member adapted to grip a strand of hair, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamp member, said mandrel having a knob formed on one end thereof and a slot formed in the opposite end thereof, means for mounting said mandrel on said clamp member, said means including a channel member formed in said clamp member into which said knob fits for precluding relative longitudinal movement between said mandrel and said clamp member, a latch member pivotally mounted on said clamp member adjacent the opposite end of said mandrel, said latch member being swingable into and out of said slot.

6. A hair-waving device comprising a clamp member adapted to grip a strand of hair and comprising two arm members pivotally secured together, one of said arm members being swingable into and out of operative position relative to the other arm member, means for automatically locking said arm members in operative position, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamp member, said mandrel having an extension on one end thereof, means for permitting rotation of the mandrel relative to the extension in one direction but for precludingrotation thereof in the opposite direction, said extension having a slot in its outer end, means for mounting said mandrel on said clamp member, said means comprising a latch member pivotally mounted on said clamp member adjacent the end where the extension of the mandrel is disposed, said latch member being swingable into and out of said slot, and means for preventing relative longitudinal movement between said mandrel and said clamp member.

'7. A hair-waving device comprising a clamp member adapted to grip a strand of hair and comprising two arm members pivotally secured together, one of said arm members being swingable into and out of operative position relative to the other arm member, means for automatically locking said arm members in operative position, a mandrel member adapted to be mounted on said clamp member, said mandrel member comprising a main body portion and a bearing on which said body portion may rotate, means for permitting rotation of said main body portion of the mandrel member in one direction but for precluding rotation thereof in an opposite direction, means for mounting the mandrel member on the clamp member in such a manner that rotation of the bearing in either direction will be precluded and including a pivoted latch carried by said clamp member which is engageable with or may be disengaged from a cooperating portion on said mandrel member.

8. Hair-waving apparatus comprising a clamp member, a mandrel member adapted to be mounted on said clamp member, said mandrel member comprising a main body portion and a bearing on which said body portion may rotate, means for permitting rotation of said main body" portion of the mandrel member on said bearing in one direction but for precluding rotation thereof in an opposite direction, means for mounting the mandrel member on the clamp member in such a manner that rotation of the bearing in either direction will be precluded and including a pivoted latch carried by said clamp member which is engageable with or may be disengaged from a cooperating portion on said mandrel member.

9. Hair-waving apparatus comprising a hair clamping and protecting member, said member comprising a main body portion embodying a metallic plate which has fastened therebeneath a layer of material which will not readily conduct heat, an arm member pivotally mounted on said main body portion and swingable into and out of operative position where it lies closely adjacent said body portion, the surfaces of said arm and said body portion which are adjacent each other when in operative relation to each other being of non-metallic material so that the hair will be gripped between such material, means for automatically locking said swingable arm in operative position, said means comprising a resilient strip of metal adapted to lie in superimposed relation to the outer end of said arm and to resiliently contact therewith, said member having a plurality of sockets formed therein, and a projection on said arm adapted to fit into any of said sockets when the arm is swung into operative position, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamping and protecting member, said mandrel comprising a body portion and a bearing member on which said body portion may rotate, means carried by said clamping and protecting member for mounting the mandrel thereon in substantially parallel relation to said clamping and protecting member, and means for permitting rotation of said body portion in one direction relative to the bearing member but for precluding rotation thereof in an opposite direction.

10. Hair waving apparatus comprising a hair clamping member, said hair clamping member comprising a main body portion, an arm member pivotally mounted on said main body portion and swingable into and out of operative position, means for automatically locking said swingable arm member in operative position, said means comprising a resilient strip of material adapted to lie in superimposed relation to the outer end of said arm and to resiliently contact therewith, said member having a plurality of sockets formed therein, a projection on said arm adapted to fit into any of said sockets when the arm is swung into operative position, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamping member, said mandrel comprising a body portion and a bearing member on which said body portion may rotate, means carried by said clamping member for mounting the mandrel thereon in substantially parallel relation to said clamping member, and means for permitting rotation of said body in one direction relative to the bearing member but for precluding rotation thereof in an opposite direction.

11. Hair waving apparatus comprising a hair arm in operative position, said means comprising 'a resilient strip of material adapted to lie in superimposed relation to the outer end of said arm and to resiliently contact therewith, one of said superimposed members having a projection thereon which fits into a socket formed in the other of said members, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamping member, means carried by said clamping member for mounting the mandrel thereon in substantially parallel relation to said clamping member, and means for permitting rotation of said mandrel in one direction but for precluding rotation thereof in an opposite direction.

12. Hair waving apparatus comprising a hair clamping member, said hair clamping member comprising a main body portion, an arm member pivotally mounted on said main body portion and swingable into and out of operative position, means for automatically locking said swingable arm in operative position, said means including a member adapted to resiliently contact with the outer end of said arm, said member having a plurality of sockets formed therein, a projection on said arm adapted to fit into any of said sockets,

a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamping member, said mandrel comprising a body portion and a bearing member on which said body portion may rotate, means carried by said clamping member for mounting the mandrel thereon in substantially parallel relation to said clamping member, and means for permitting rotation of said body portion in one direction but for precluding rotation thereof in an opposite direction.

13. Hair waving apparatus comprising a clamp member adapted to grip a strand of hair, a mandrel adapted to be mounted on said clamp member, means for rotatably mounting said mandrel on said clamp member, means for preventing rotation of said mandrel in one direction, said mandrel having a slot in one end thereof, and a latch member pivotally mounted on said clamp member adjacent the end of the mandrel provided with the slot, said latch member being swingable into and out of said slot.

PETER SANTURELLO.

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