US2034211A - Sandblast nozzle - Google Patents

Description

Patented Mar. 17, 1936 UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE 9 Claims.

My invention relates to a sand blast nozzle especially designed for cleaning cars and the like and has for its object the provision of a construction which will use a limited amount of air as well as a limited amount of sand and at the same time accomplish the operation of completely cleaning or removing the paint or enamel from an object in a minimum period of time.

One object of the invention is the provision of a construction wherein the sand will be so agitated within the nozzle that the grains of sand will be broken up into materially ner particles or grains and more eiiicient operation obtained; the construction whereby the sand agitation is produced at the same time causing an equal distribution of the said and tending to somewhat subdue the severity or violence of the sand on the surface operated on.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a construction whereby the sand will be discharged in such manner that it will ow in a straight or direct line from the nozzle and hence provide a more effective action; the construction involving an adjustable inlet end or nozzle whose inner end may be positioned relative to means Within the main nozzle walls whereby the flow or action of the sand and air may be regulated or affected.

The aforementioned objects and advantages, as well as other advantages inherent in the invention, will be readily comprehended from the following detailed description of the accompanying drawing wherein:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved nozzle with a portion of an inlet pipe attached.

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of the nozzle turned through a ninety degree angle from the position in Figure l.

Figure 3 is an end view of the discharge end of the nozzle.

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken substantially on the line 4-4 of Figure 1, as viewed by the arrows.

Figure 5 is a cross sectional View taken substantially on the line 5-5 of Figure 1 as viewed by the arrows.

Figure 6 is a detail perspective view of the inlet nozzle.

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional View of a portion of a nozzle showing a modification of the discharge mouth.

My improved sand blast nozzle may be employed for various sand blasting purposes as is readily apparente although in its speciiic embodiment is especially adapted for sand blasting painted or enameled surfaces, such as railroad cars and consists of a preferably cylindrical casing IG of convenient proportions which terminates in a comparatively long tapering discharge 5 end II; while the opposite or inlet end of the casing is provided with an internally threaded coupling I2 which extends part way into the casing and is preferably integrally united or welded in place as indicated at I3 in Figure 1.

This coupling I2 receives the externally threaded ends of the split or two piece bushing I4 which are also internally threaded to effect gripping relation with the hose I5. The bushing members I 4 are placed on the end of the hose 15 I5 and the bushing I4 then screwed into the coupling I2 thereby rmly clamping the end of the hose I5; an operation which can be readily accomplished by hand.

The inner end of the coupling I2 beyond the 20 end of the hose I5 is provided with an inlet nozzle I6 which preferably consists of a tubular body portion I'I provided with a bore of predetermined size; one end of the body portion being shown extending into the hose while the other 25 end is disposed within the main casing I0.

The tubular portion I'l intermediate of its ends is provided with an annular shoulder I8 of dimensions preferably less than the internal diameter of the coupling I2, and this shoulder I8 30 provides the means whereby the nozzle is adjustably held in place through the medium of a suitable washer or disc I9 whose threaded perimeter screws into coupling I2.

Arranged at a predetermined point within the 35 casing and along the longitudinal center line thereof is an elongated cup or pocket member 20 of diameter preferably greater than the inlet nozzle and at the same time materially smaller than the internal diameter of the main casing Ill 40 so as to provide a comparatively large annular passage around the member 20 as can clearly be Seen in Figures 2 and 5.

In the particular exempliiioation shown in the drawing, the pocket member 20 consists of a short pipe or tube-which may be either round or angular in cross-section-with a cap or closure 2| at the end disposed toward the discharge mouth of the casing It; the cap or closure 2| being welded or otherwise secured to the radiating webs 22 50 which in turn are welded or otherwise secured to the main wall of casing I0, as shown at 23, see Figures 2 and 5. The opposite open end of pocket member 20 disposed toward the inlet nozzle I6 is shown preferably provided with a hard steel inlet end at 24, which may be made of barium or any suitable wear resisting material.

The member 20 is adapted to receive the sand discharged into the casing by inlet nozzle I6 and fills with sand, causing the incoming sand to strike violently against the pocketed sand and dislodging some ofthe sand While a portion remains lodged in the pocket and provides a bed for the incoming stream to strike against; the dislodged'sand, of course, being forced around the pocket and toward the discharge end of the shell The comparatively long tapered discharge end II tapers to an opening of predetermined size and this opening is provided with a pair of tip forming steel plates 25, 25, of extreme hardness and spaced apart a predetermined distance to provide an elongated straight lined discharge nipple or tip which not only causes the sand to be emitted with considerable force but to flow in a comparatively straight line and hence gives the sand an effective striking force.

The edges of the plates 25, 25 are intimately connected to the side walls of the casing I0, as

for example by welding as shown at 26, and the upper and lower surfaces of the top and bottom plates 25 are also preferably welded to the mouth of the casing I0 as shown at 2`I so as to effect a complete closure or tight joint against the action of the sand.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the discharge end I I of the casing I0 merely tapers on the upper and lower sides; the width of the mouth being commensurate with the transverse width of the plates 25, 25, thereby providing a narrow,wide discharge opening as shown at 28 in Figure 3.

The plates 25, 25 preferably extend a short distance beyond the mouth of the tapered portion II of the casing I0.

The inlet nozzle or sand introducing jet I6 is provided with a bore which is preferably materially smaller than the size or diameter of the hose l5 and hence to some extent limits the amount of sand admitted into the casing. The nozzle or jet I6 as shown is adjustable by screwing member I9 lengthwise of coupling I2; changing the distance between the inner end of nozzle I6 and the pocket 29 materially affects the action of the incoming sand and air. The incoming sand from nozzle or jet I 6 discharges directly into the pocket 20. The sand violently strikes against the sand pocket which soon banks full of sand; a portion of the sand remains lodged in the pocket and provides a bed for the incoming sand to strike against, causing the sand to iight itself as it were and setting up such a vigorous or furious action that it breaks itself up many times finer than when it rst entered the `sand hose. The baflling or choking effect produced by the pocket 20 sets up a turbulent action within the nozzle which has a tendency to choke the air and equally distributes the sand throughout the nozzle casing so as to subdue or tone it down and remove the severity of the sand striking a. painted surface.

It is apparent too, that with the wide, narrow throat and orifice a comparatively large surface can be treated or cleaned atone time; the quantity and the severity of the discharging sand have been materially reduced from that obtained with the conventional ordinary straight sand blast nozzle whose action is much too severe for use on wood cars or surfaces and in fact too severe for real economy in sanding a metal car or surface.

By providing the long tapered mouth portion I I 1 of Vwidth substantially equal to the. diameter 0f the main casing I 0, the turbulent sand coming from the pocket 20, in equalizing itself, has a tendency as it follows the sloping walls to crossfire; the cross firing taking place a short distance from the orice of the nozzle. This action also has a tendency to cause the sand to strike itself as it leaves the opening which further tones down the striking force of the sand.

By providing the mouth of the nozzle with the steel plates 25, 25, which extend a predetermined distance into the nozzle interior, a pocket or cavity 29 is provided on each side of the opening, namely above and below as viewed in Figure 1. The sand pockets in these cavities 29 which further causes a breaking up of the sand to cornparatively small particles due to the force of the sand striking into these cavities, While certainI of the sand is pocketed and acts as a sand bed. When the sand eventually finds the mouth or straight throat it is discharged from this mouth with such force as to flow in a substantially straight lin-e which gives the sand a stronger striking force than would be the case if the plates 25, 25 were omitted.

This adapts the nozzle to certain work where s more force is desired.

In Figure 7 I illustrate my improved nozzle, namely the mouth end thereof, with the plates 25, 25 omitted; this type of nozzle being adapted for certain work where the sand is not to be discharged with as great a force as obtained with the construction of Figure 1 and Where the additional breaking up of the sand resulting from cavities 29 is not needed.

The construction of Figure 'l is identical with the construction previously described wherein the main casing I0 is preferably cylindrical and of predetermined dimensions, with the mouth por- Ytion II of considerable length and made like in Figure 1 with two opposite sides tapering toward the discharge end and providing a narrow orifice 3i) commensurate with the width of the mouth portion I I, which would correspond to that shown in Figure 3.

The casing I0 at a predetermined point and in advance of the tapered portion of the casing is provided with the sand receiving pocket 20 which is held in place by webs as previously described and the forward end of the pocket preferably made of wear resisting metal or hard steel as indicated at 24.

WithV the sand discharging from inlet nozzle I6 into pocket 20, a great deal of wear is eliminated because'the sand is broken up into such minute particles; the nozzle emitting a discharge in the nature of a white dust, thus also producing a smoother or finer cleaned surface. Then too, with the sand in such fine condition the force of the sand and air causes the sand to be blown away from the operator, providing for betterY Working conditions.

The wear on my improved nozzle is confined to two points, namely to inlet nozzle I6 and to the throat or discharge orifice formed by plates 25, 25, in Figure 1, or the orifice 30 of the con.

maintained to obtain the turbulent action of the.

sand stream within the nozzle in order to effect the desired breaking up of the sand particles while at the same time somewhat subduing the viciousness of the discharged sand; land while the constructions shown and described are believed to be the best embodiments of the invention which has been described in terms employed as terms of description and not as terms of limitation, modifications are possible and might be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. A sand blast nozzle of the character described comprising an elongated casing provided with a discharge end having two opposite tapering walls terminating in a discharge opening coextensive with the diameter of the casing; an inlet nozzle secured at the opposite end of the casing; and a sand stream arresting pocket disposed substantially at the longitudinal center of the casing intermediate of the inlet nozzle and the discharge opening.

2. A sand blast nozzle of the character described comprising a cylindrical casing tapering at one end to a discharge orifice coextensive with the diameter of the casing; an inlet opening at the opposite end of the casing; and a sand arresting pocket disposed at the longitudinal center of the casing intermediate of the inlet opening and the discharge orice with the pocket open toward the inlet opening and arranged to provide a passage between the pocket and the wall of the casing.

3. A sand blast nozzle comprising an elongated casing provided With a discharge end having two opposite tapering walls terminating in a discharge opening coextensive with the diameter of the casing; an inlet nozzle adjustably secured at the opposite end of the casing; means whereby the inlet nozzle is adjustably held in place; and a sand stream arresting pocket disposed substantially at the longitudinal center of the casing intermediate of the inlet nozzle and the discharge opening.

4. A sand blast nozzle comprising an elongated casing provided with a discharge end having two opposite walls tapering toward the outer tip; an elongated discharge mouth portion having llat walls arranged a predetermined distance apart, coextensive in width with the inner diameter of the casing, said mouth portion extending from a point rearward of the outer discharge end of the casing so as to provide sand arresting cavities above and beneath the mouth portion; and a sand and air introducing nozzle at the opposite end of the casing.

5. A sand blast nozzle comprising an elongated casing provided with a discharge end having two opposite tapering walls; an elongated discharge portion, secured at the apex of the tapering walls, having at walls coextensive in width with the diameter of the casing and providing a straight discharge opening; a sand introducing nozzle at the opposite end of the casing; and means for adjustably securing the introducing nozzle in place.

6. A sand blast nozzle comprising an elongated easing provided with a discharge end having two opposite tapering walls terminating in a discharge opening coextensive with the diameter of the casing; an internally threaded coupling secured at the opposite inlet end of the casing; a two-piece bushing adapted to grip a sand supply hose therebetween and to screw into the outer end of said coupling; an inlet nozzle provided intermediate of its ends with an annular shoulder; means adapted to screw into the inner end of said coupling and to engage said shoulder and thereby hold the inlet nozzle in place; and a sand stream arresting pocket arranged within the casing intermediate of its ends with its open side disposed toward said inlet nozzle.

7. A sand blast nozzle comprising an elongated casing provided with a discharge end having two opposite tapering walls; a pair of iiat spaced apart plates secured at the apex of the tapering walls and of width coextensive with the diameter of the casing, said plates extending from a point Within the casing in advance of the apex to the casing exterior to provide a straight discharge nozzle and. provide sand cavities on opposite sides thereof within the casing; an inlet nozzle at the opposite end of the casing; and a sand stream arresting pocket arranged within the casing intermediate of the inlet nozzle and the discharge nozzle with its open end disposed toward the inlet nozzle, said pocket being supported in spaced relation with the walls of the casing to provide a sand passage thereabout.

8. In a sand blast nozzle of the character described comprising an elongated casing provided at the inlet end with an internally threaded coupling; a two piece bushing externally threaded at end end while the interior is provided with a hose gripping surface; a small cored inlet nozzle arranged with one end in the sand supply hose while the other end extends into the casing; and means having threaded rela-tion with the threaded coupling whereby the inlet nozzle is adjustably secured in the coupling.

9. A sand blast nozzle comprising an elongated casing provided with a discharge end having two opposite tapering walls; a pair of ilat plates arranged in predetermined spaced parallel relation and secured at the apex of the tapering walls to provide a wide, straight discharge nozzle arranged to provide cavities on opposite sides within the casing; an inlet nozzle adjustably arranged at the other end of the casing; and a sand stream arresting pocket intermediate of the inlet and the outlet nozzles with its open side forward of said tapering walls and disposed toward the inlet nozzle, said pocket being arranged to provide a passage thereabout and to direct the incoming sand toward said tapering walls.

FREDERICK W. SCHULTZ.

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