US2030296A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

FG@ M 3935 v F. E. HORSTMANN 2,6%@296 PUMP Filed Feb. 20, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l F. B. HORSTMANN Z PUMP @ab M9 F93@ Filed Feb. 20, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2,

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Patented Feb. 11, 1936 UNITED STATES PATE PUMP

Ill., assigner to Chicago, Ill., a

ApplicationY February 20, 1935, Serial No. 7,343

1 Claim.

This invention relates toy improvements in pumps and it consists of the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claim.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a simple and eicient pump of the reciprocating piston type including mechanism whereby the plunger stroke may be readily changed and the position of the plunger may be changed with respect to said mechanism to afford a constant cylinder clearance at the end of the discharge stroke of the piston so as to avoid the possibility of the system, with which the pump is used, from becoming air-bound.

Another object of this invention is to provide a pump of this kind wherein-the stroke of the plunger may be varied without having lost motion between the crank pin and plunger.

A further object of the invention is to` provide a pump of this kind wherein the cylinder and plunger may be readily removed for replacement by another cylinder and plunger of different diameter, as the occasion demands.

Still a further object of the invention is to provide a pump of this kind which consists of a minimum number of parts, that are easily assembled into operative relation in producing a strong, rugged pump that will remain troublefree over a long period of operating time.

The above mentioned objects of the invention, as well as others, together with the many advantages thereof, will more fully appear as I proceed with my specification.

In the drawings- Fig. 1 is a view in front elevation of a pump embodying the preferred form of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the improved pump;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view through the pump on an enlarged scale, as taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a detail vertical sectional view on an enlarged scale through a part of the improved pump as taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5 is a detail horizontal sectional view through a part of the pump as taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3.

The invention is herein shown and described as a vertical cylinder type of pump but this is to be considered only as descriptive of one embodiment of said invention.

Referring now in detail to that embodiment of the invention, illustrated in the accompanying drawings- 5 indicates a horizontally disposed, rectangular plate forming the base for the pump. Toward bracket is provided with a perpendicular cross f head guide or rail 3, the guides or rails facing each other. 'Ine top ends of the standards 5 6 are connected together by a cross member 9, which includes a bearing sleeve 9a arranged midway between said standards. Journalled in said sleeve by means of suitable antifriction bearings ill is the main shaft Il for the pump and which may be driven from its rear end in any suitable manner.

On the front side of the base plate midway between the sides, a slightly raised pad or seat l2 is provided, upon which rests an upright cylinder I3. Said cylinder includes a bottom flange lll that engages on said seat, and bolts I5 pass through said flange and into the base plate to detachably secure the cylinder to the base plate. The axis of said cylinder is disposed midway between the faces of the guides 8 8, and this, of

course, is in the plane of the shaft ll.

The cylinder is provided with a bore I5 and connected to one side of the bottom of said cylinder is a laterally extending pipe ll, the other side oi the bottom of said cylinder being closed by a plug i8. Associated with the pipe Il is a spring loaded inlet check valve i9, to which a fluid inlet pipe 2) is connected. Operatively engaged on the top of the inlet check valve i9, is a spring loaded outlet check valve 2l, having a fluid discharge pipe 22 connected thereto. Associated with said outlet check valve is a venting cock 23 whereby the discharge pipe may be vented should it become air-bound.

Operatively engaged in the bore of the cylinder is a plunger or piston 24 having a top end threaded extension 25 of reduced diameter. In the top l end of the cylinder is provided a packing and lubricating gland 2T including a compression nut 27a. A lubricating device 28 is threaded into the cylinder from the front, in line with said gland. Above said device there is secured to the cylinder, a plunger position indicating finger 29.

Between the guides or rails 8 8 is located a vertically movable cross head 30 provided at each side with a shoe 3l for operative sliding engagement with said guides or rails. Each guide or rail s carries a lubricating device 32 for providing the necessary lubrication for said shoes. In the top of the cross head a recess 33 is provided, closed at the top by a cross member 3st having a bolted connection at its ends with the shoes 3l of the guide. This cross member 34 and the bottom of the recess 32, are formed to coac't in providing top and bottom horizontally disposed guides or rails 35 and 35 respectively, upon which a horizontal movable cross head block 31 has guided sliding movement. Centrally, the cross member 34 carries a lubricating device 34a. for the guides or rails 35-35.

Below the rail 35, a recess 38 is formed in the cross head 35 and this recess is closed at the bottom by a bridge piece 35. The ends of said bridge piece are directed upwardly and outwardly as iianges 49 that terminate at the bottom end of the associated shoes 3l. The plunger extension 25 extends upwardly through an opening in the bridge piece, and locking nuts 4I and 42 are provided on said extension above and below the bridge piece. It is apparent that by loosening the nuts III-42 the plunger may be adjusted up or down vertically with respect to the cross head 39. When the proper position of the plunger has been attained, the nuts fil-42 are tightened to lock the plunger and cross head together in the desired relation.

On the front end of the shaft I I, a crank armlike block 43 is secured which includes a rear wall 44; side walls 45 and end walls 45-41 respectively. The ends walls 45-41 are provided with undercut grooves 48. In each undercut groove is located a block 49 and 59 respectively, provided at the front with flange extensions that overhang associated portions of the side walls 45. Screws 52 pass through the flange extensions into the side walls as best shown in Fig. 4 to hold the blocks 49-50 in proper position.

Journalled in the blocks 49-59 is a screw 53 having a head 54 at one end projecting beyond the block 49 and having an extension 55 of reduced diameter at the other end and which eXtension is disposed in a suitable opening in the end wall 41. A lock screw and washer assembly 5B is associated with the extension 55 to prevent endwise movement of the screw, but in no way interfering with the turning movement of the screw when a suitable tool is. applied to the head 54.

Operatively engaged on said screw, is a crank pin block 51 having iront face flanges 58 that engage the front faces of the side walls 45 of the block 43. The block 5l carries a forwardly extending crank pin 59 that is operatively engaged in the cross head block S'I previously mentioned. A bearing member 55 is interposed between the block and crank pin and a nut 5I on the front end of the crank pin holds the parts in operative relation. This bearing member is so formed as to turn with respect to both the block and pin and thus always presents a different surface to receive the impact at the changes of the strokes. Thus the bearing device cannot wear out of round, either on its interior or exterior surface.

On one of the side walls 45 of the crank armlike block 43, are graduations 52 and on one of the flange extensions 58 of the block 5l', is an indicator point 53 to coact with said graduations.

In the operation of the pump, when the shaft II is being driven, it is apparent that the crank pin 59 will travel in a circular path. In this movement of the crank pin, the block 3"! will travel back and forth on the guide rails 35-3`, causing the cross head 32 to move up and down on the guides or rails 8 5. This up and down movement of the cross head 32, of course, corresponds to the diameter of the crank pin circle and represents the throw of the crank pin. In

said up and down movement oi the cross head, a corresponding reciprocating movement is imparted to the plunger 24 operating in the cylinder I3. The downward limit of the stroke of the plunger which represents the end of the discharge stroke of the plunger, is one in which the bottom end of the plunger substantially traverses the inlet and discharge orifice, as provided by the pipe I1. This position of said plunger at the end of said discharge stroke may be determined by the adjustment of the plunger in the bridge of the cross head so that said position may be caused to remain constant no matter what the crank pin throw happens to be. Certain liquids contain a percentage of air. With variable stroke pumps as heretofore made, wherein the plunger is unable to make a complete cylinder displacement, the air in the liquid accumulates as a column in the cylinder between said liquid and the end of the plunger. As reaches its maximum it is apparent that eiliciency is cut down and eventually a part of this air is forced out of the cylinder into the discharge pipe which soon becomes air-bound.

With a structure as herein described, complete cylinder displacement is assured so that there is no possibility of building up an air column that will eventually cause the discharge pipe to become air-bound.

On the up or intake stroke of the plunger 24, the valve I9 opens to permit an inlet of fluid from the pipe 25, through the pipe I'I, into the cylinder bore; the valve 2l during this stroke closes to prevent a suction in the outlet pipe. On the down stroke of the plunger, a pressure builds up in the cylinder bore which acts to close the valve I9 and open the valve 2| sol that the fluid is discharged out through the pipe I1, valves I9 and 2 I, and then out through the outlet pipe 22.

With the parts in the position herein shown, the plunger travels a distance corresponding to the maximum throw of which the crank pin is capable. If it is desired, to shorten, or reduce, the stroke of the plunger, the procedure is as followsz When the plunger is at the end of its discharge stroke, this will be indicated by the top of the indicator finger 29 being flush with the shoulder at the junction of the plunger 24 and its threaded extension 25. The nut 4I is then loosened and runs upwardly on said extension 25 away from the bridge piece 39.

The screw 53 is then turned in the proper di rection to cause the block 51 to travel thereon toward the axis of the shaft II. When the pointer 53 on the block lines up with the desired graduation 52 on the side of the crank arm-like block 43, the turning of the screw is discontinued. As the block 5l moves upwardly on the screw in the crank arm block 43, it will carry with it, the cross head 39. The nut 4I is then run down on the plunger extension 25 and the nut 42 is then run up on `said extension to coact with the rst mentioned nut to clamp the bridge piece 39 between them. This secures the plunger to the cross head 32 in the desired position. To prevent the plunger from turning while manipulating the nuts 4 I-!I2, the opposite sides of the extreme top end of the screw threaded extension are flattened toV receive a wrench or other suitable holding tool.

As the distance between the axes of the shaft I and crank pin 59 has thus been shortened, it is apparent that the throw of the crank pin, which determines the length of the plunger stroke, has likewise been shortened. This shortening of the this column builds up and stroke, however, in no way affects the position of the operative bottom end of the plunger at the end of its discharge stroke.

Thus with the structure described, the length of the piston stroke may be varied without the provision of any lost motion connection between the cross head 32 and plunger 24 which would result in a pound, or knock, at each end of the stroke.

If desired, in order to change pump capacity, it is possible to remove both the plunger and cylinder and substitute therefor, another cylinder of the desired diameter of bore and associated plunger.

The parts are relatively few in number; are easily assembled; are strong and rugged and will cooperate in providing a pump which will operate efficiently over a long period of time without requiring service attention.

While in describing the invention, I have referred in detail to the form, arrangement and construction of the various parts thereof, the same is to be considered only in the illustrative sense so that I do not wish to be limited thereto except as may be specically set forth in the appended claim.

I claim as my invention- Ina pump of the kind described, the combination of a cross head having top and bottom recesses separated by a rail member, shoes formed at either side of the cross head for sliding engagement with associated guide rails, a detachable cap closing the top end of the upper recess and formed to provide a rail member extending parallel with the rst mentioned rail member, means for securing the cap to the shoes, and a bridge piece for closing the bottom of the lower recess, the ends of said bridge piece directed upwardly and outwardly and terminating at the lower ends of the associ-ated shoes.

FREDERICK B. HORSTMANN.

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