US2028765A - Synthesis of formic acid - Google Patents
Synthesis of formic acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2028765A US2028765A US696185A US69618533A US2028765A US 2028765 A US2028765 A US 2028765A US 696185 A US696185 A US 696185A US 69618533 A US69618533 A US 69618533A US 2028765 A US2028765 A US 2028765A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- carbon monoxide
- formic acid
- copper sulphate
- water
- synthesis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 33
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 title description 16
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940045803 cuprous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical class [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/10—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide
Definitions
- This invention relates to the synthesis of formic acid.
- formic acid can readily be prepared by subjecting carbon monoxide to reaction with water in presence of copper sulphate.
- copper sulphate may be employed in association with sulphuric acid and also with substances capable of absorbing carbon monoxide,
- cuprous chloride such as cuprous chloride, silver nitrate and the like.
- reaction may be performed at high or relatively high temperatures, such, for
- Super-atmospheric pressures e. g. up to about atmospheres or more, may if desired be employed to accelerate the reaction.
- reaction of the invention may be effected in any convenient way.
- mixtures of carbon monoxide and steam may be passed, under normal or super-atmospheric pressure, into or through heated solutions of copper sulphate with or without sulphuric acid and/or substances capable of absorbing carbon monoxide, or they may be passed over or otherwise in contact with copper sulphate in the solid state, if desired in admixture with cuprous chloride or silver nitrate.
- the mixture of carbon monoxide and steam may contain the carbon monoxide in any rela-- tive proportion. Preferably, however, the mixtures contain substantially one molecule of carbon monoxide to each molecule of steam. If desired, when the copper sulphate is employed in aqueous solution the carbon monoxide may be used without admixture with steam.
- I may employ carbon monoxide in pure or substantially pure form or in the form of industrial or other gas mixtures containing carbon monoxide, e. g. water gas, power gas or the like.
- carbon monoxide e. g. water gas, power gas or the like.
- pure carbon monoxide or gaseous mixtures containing high or relatively high proportions of carbon monoxide are used, e. g. mixtures containing upwards of about 80% of carbon monoxide.
- gases substantially free from sulphur compounds or other catalyst poisons are employed.
- water I mean water either in the liquid or in the vapour phase.
- the process of manufacturing formic acid comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water 10 at an elevated temperature in the presence of copper sulphate and sulphuric acid and a substance capable of absorbing carbon monoxide.
- the process of manufacturing formic acid 20 comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water at an elevated temperature in the presence of an aqueous solution of copper sulphate and sulphuric acid containing a substance capable of absorbing carbon monoxide.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
Patented Jan. 28, 1936 UNITED STATES SYNTHESIS OF FORMIC ACID Henry Dreyfus, London, England No Drawing. Original application October 28,
1932, Serial No. 640,004. Divided and this application November 1, 1933, Serial No. 696,185. In Great Britain December 1, 1931 12 Claims.
This invention relates to the synthesis of formic acid.
This application is a division of application Serial No. 640,004 filed October 28, 1932.
I have found that formic acid can readily be prepared by subjecting carbon monoxide to reaction with water in presence of copper sulphate. If desired the copper sulphate may be employed in association with sulphuric acid and also with substances capable of absorbing carbon monoxide,
such, for instance, as cuprous chloride, silver nitrate and the like.
Advantageously the reaction may be performed at high or relatively high temperatures, such, for
instance, as between about 100 and 350 C., and
especially between about 150 and 250 C. Super-atmospheric pressures, e. g. up to about atmospheres or more, may if desired be employed to accelerate the reaction.
20 The reaction of the invention may be effected in any convenient way. Thus, for example, mixtures of carbon monoxide and steam may be passed, under normal or super-atmospheric pressure, into or through heated solutions of copper sulphate with or without sulphuric acid and/or substances capable of absorbing carbon monoxide, or they may be passed over or otherwise in contact with copper sulphate in the solid state, if desired in admixture with cuprous chloride or silver nitrate.
The mixture of carbon monoxide and steam may contain the carbon monoxide in any rela-- tive proportion. Preferably, however, the mixtures contain substantially one molecule of carbon monoxide to each molecule of steam. If desired, when the copper sulphate is employed in aqueous solution the carbon monoxide may be used without admixture with steam.
For the purposes of the invention I may employ carbon monoxide in pure or substantially pure form or in the form of industrial or other gas mixtures containing carbon monoxide, e. g. water gas, power gas or the like. Preferably pure carbon monoxide or gaseous mixtures containing high or relatively high proportions of carbon monoxide are used, e. g. mixtures containing upwards of about 80% of carbon monoxide. Preferably gases substantially free from sulphur compounds or other catalyst poisons are employed.
It is to be understood that by the term water I mean water either in the liquid or in the vapour phase.
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-
1. The process of manufacturing formic acid comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water at an elevated temperature in the presence of copper sulphate.
2. The process of manufacturing formic acid comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water at an elevated temperature in the presence of copper sulphate and sulphuric acid.
3. The process of manufacturing formic acid comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water 5 at an elevated temperature in the presence of copper sulphate and a substance capable of absorbing carbon monoxide.
l. The process of manufacturing formic acid comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water 10 at an elevated temperature in the presence of copper sulphate and sulphuric acid and a substance capable of absorbing carbon monoxide.
5. The process of manufacturing formic acid comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water 15 at an elevated temperature in the presence of an aqueous solution of copper sulphate containing a substance capable of absorbing carbon monoxide.
6. The process of manufacturing formic acid 20 comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water at an elevated temperature in the presence of an aqueous solution of copper sulphate and sulphuric acid containing a substance capable of absorbing carbon monoxide.
7. The process of manufacturing formic acid comprising reacting carbon monoxide and water in the presence of copper sulphate at a temperature between and 350 C.
8. The process of manufacturing formic acid 30 comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water in the presence of an aqueous solution of copper sulphate at a temperature between 100 and 350 C. and under super-atmospheric pressure.
9. The process of manufacturing formic acid comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water in the presence of an aqueous solution of copper sulphate and sulphuric acid at a temperature between 100 and 350 C. and under super-atmospheric pressure.
10. The process of manufacturing formic acid comprising reacting carbon monoxide with water in the presence of copper sulphate and sulphuric acid and a substance capable of absorbing carbon monoxide at a temperature between 100 and 350 C. and under super-atmospheric pressure.
11. The process of manufacturing formic acid, comprising reacting carbon monoxide and water in the presence of copper sulphate and sulphuric acid at a temperature between 100 and 350 C.
12. The process of manufacturing formic acid, comprising reacting carbon monoxide and water, in the presence of copper sulphate and a sub- 55 stance capable of absorbing carbon monoxide, at a temperature between 100 and 350 C.
HENRY DREYFUS.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US696185A US2028765A (en) | 1932-10-28 | 1933-11-01 | Synthesis of formic acid |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US640004A US2028764A (en) | 1931-12-01 | 1932-10-28 | Synthesis of formic acid |
| US696185A US2028765A (en) | 1932-10-28 | 1933-11-01 | Synthesis of formic acid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2028765A true US2028765A (en) | 1936-01-28 |
Family
ID=27093456
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US696185A Expired - Lifetime US2028765A (en) | 1932-10-28 | 1933-11-01 | Synthesis of formic acid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2028765A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE764806C (en) * | 1942-03-17 | 1954-07-19 | Studien Und Verwertungs Ges M | Process for the production of formic acid from carbon monoxide and water |
-
1933
- 1933-11-01 US US696185A patent/US2028765A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE764806C (en) * | 1942-03-17 | 1954-07-19 | Studien Und Verwertungs Ges M | Process for the production of formic acid from carbon monoxide and water |
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