US2028308A - Fuel for diesel engines - Google Patents
Fuel for diesel engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2028308A US2028308A US644828A US64482832A US2028308A US 2028308 A US2028308 A US 2028308A US 644828 A US644828 A US 644828A US 64482832 A US64482832 A US 64482832A US 2028308 A US2028308 A US 2028308A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- diesel engines
- combustion
- diesel
- addition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- LLCSWKVOHICRDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diyne Chemical group C#CC#C LLCSWKVOHICRDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001361 allenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl nitrate Chemical compound CCO[N+]([O-])=O IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AUBDSFLQOBEOPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-dien-3-yne Chemical group C=CC#CC=C AUBDSFLQOBEOPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyne Chemical group CC#C MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002641 tar oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
-20 the fuel by\ad Patented Jan. 21, 1936 UNITED STATES FUEL FOR DIESEL ENGINES Wilhelm Wilke,Mannheim,1Robert Stadler, Ziegelhausen, and Franz Lappe, Ludwigsha'ien-onthe-Rhine, Germany, assignors to I. G. Farbenindustrie Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfort-onthe-Main; Germany No Drawing.
Application November 29, 1932,
Serial No. 644,828. In- Germany December 5,
4 Claims. (Cl; 44-9) The present invention relates to improvements in fuels for Diesel engines.
The application of the Diesel engine to rapidly running engines in particular to vehicle motors,
5 has rendered it necessary to weaken the hard combustion stroke of Diesel engines. For this purpose general attempts have been made to reduce the maximum pressure of combustion and to render the combustion soft. The height of the maximum combustion pressure especially depends on the tendency of the fuel to ignite spontaneously. This tendency varies with the height of the compression pressure, the state of heat of the motor and the chemical nature of the fuel.
1 As it is not possible generally to reduce the maximum pressure of combustion by altering the conditions 0 the motor (namely the geometrical measuremen s of themotor and the working conditions), attempts have been made to influence ditions. The incorporation of ethyl nitrate, a'rnyl nitrite and similar substances is already known. 4 We have now found that the maximum combustion pressure of fuels in Diesel engines is re- 25 duced and the combustion influenced in a favorable manner by incorporating with the fuels strongly unsaturated fluid aliphatic hydrocarbons containing more than two carbon atoms and more than one multiple carbon bond, such as 30 hydrocarbons containing a plurality of triple linkages, as for example diacetylene, divinylacetylene,'and the like, or oleflnes having more than one double linkage, as for example allene, butadiene and the like. The liquid condensate which 35 is obtained by cooling to low temperatures for example to below 40 below zero 0. under ordinary or elevated pressure, the final gas obtained in the thermal or electrical production of acetylene from gas containing hydrocarbons, as for 4.0 example in the electric arc, may be directly employed as an addition. In addition ,to diacetylene, this condensate contains in particular allylene, allene and other strongly unsaturated substances partly liquid at normal temperature 45 and even at higher temperatures which likewise influence the combustion in the Diesel engine in the desired direction. The hydrocarbons to be i added are gaseous or low boiling,-that is to say 7 they-have a boiling point below 200 C., and in 50 the most cases below 100 C.
The unsaturated hydrocarbons may be added While the addition effect when employing a gas oil. In the case of the gaseous additions, the upper limit of the quantity of the additions is determined by the solubility of the said gases in the fuels.
Every oil suitable as a fuel for Diesel engines 5 may be improved in the described manner, for example tar oils, suitable fractions from natural mineral oils or oils obtained by destructive hydrogenation. of carbonaceous materials.
It has been found that the fuels can be stored 1 for long periods without any loss of their excellent properties.
The following example will further illustrate the nature of this invention but the invention is notrestricted to this example.
' Example 5 parts by weight of .diacetylene are added to 100 parts by weight of mineral coal tar oil. When employing the fuel thus obtained for the operation of a Diesel engine the maximum pressure of the combustion falls from 60 atmospheres (with mineral coal tar oil without addition) to the neighborhood of the compression pressure of about 35 atmospheres; the engine runs quite quietly.
The same effect is obtained by the addition of about 3 parts of the liquid condensate which is obtained by cooling to 80 below zero C. an electric are gas containing acetylene (obtained by leading a mixture of methane and hydrogen through an electric arc) What we claim is:-
1. A fuel suitable for use in Diesel motors comprising a hydrocarbon oil heavier than naphtha containing an addition of a sufllcient amount, not exceeding 20%, of a fluid aliphatic hydrocarbon, containing mcre than 2 carbon atoms and having more than one multiple carbon bend, to reduce the pressure at which spontaneous 40 combustion of the hydrocarbon oil would normally occur.
2. A fuel suitable for use in Diesel motors comprising a hydrocarbon oil heavier than naphtha containing an addition of between 1 and 10% of a fluid aliphatic hydrocarbon containing more than 2 carbon atoms and more than one multiple' carbon bond.
3. Fuel according to claim 2, in which the hydrocarbonadded to the hydrocarbon oil is di- 0 acetylene.
4, A fuel according to claim 2, in which the hydrocarbon added to the hydrocarbon oil is the liquid condensate obtained by cooling to 80 below zero C. aogas containing acetylene issuing from thetreatm .it of hydrocarbon gases in the electric arc.
ROBERT STADLER.
FRANZ LAPPE.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2028308X | 1931-12-05 | ||
| GB580232A GB399150A (en) | 1932-02-26 | 1932-02-26 | Improvements in fuels for diesel engines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2028308A true US2028308A (en) | 1936-01-21 |
Family
ID=32509942
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US644828A Expired - Lifetime US2028308A (en) | 1931-12-05 | 1932-11-29 | Fuel for diesel engines |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2028308A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL33682C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2563532A (en) * | 1951-08-07 | Spontaneous ignition of gasoline | ||
| US2826037A (en) * | 1951-11-09 | 1958-03-11 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Polycyclic aldehydes as hypergolic fuels |
| US2866693A (en) * | 1955-06-06 | 1958-12-30 | Texas Co | Diesel fuel |
| US3144750A (en) * | 1951-12-10 | 1964-08-18 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Polycyclic alcohols as hypergolic fuels |
-
0
- NL NL33682D patent/NL33682C/xx active
-
1932
- 1932-11-29 US US644828A patent/US2028308A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2563532A (en) * | 1951-08-07 | Spontaneous ignition of gasoline | ||
| US2826037A (en) * | 1951-11-09 | 1958-03-11 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Polycyclic aldehydes as hypergolic fuels |
| US3144750A (en) * | 1951-12-10 | 1964-08-18 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Polycyclic alcohols as hypergolic fuels |
| US2866693A (en) * | 1955-06-06 | 1958-12-30 | Texas Co | Diesel fuel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL33682C (en) |
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