US2026270A - Slag deflector - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 31, 1935. HAT 2,026,270

SLAG DEFLECTOR Filed July 14, 1952 mv NTOR fia /amzmm ATTORNEY$ W Patented Dec. 31, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE 9 Claims.

This invention relates to a slag deflecting device adapted to be associated with a furnace wall or the like.

One of the primary objects of this invention is to provide a device of the above mentioned character which, when installed in a furnace wall, will prevent the formation of large clinkers or slag sheets on this wall.

A further object of this invention is to provide a device of the above mentioned character which will prevent slag or wall clinkers from falling on to the fuel bed of the furnace adjacent the walls, with the result that improved efliciency of combustion will be obtained together with a reduction in the burning of stoker iron.

Still further the invention contemplates the provision of a device of the above mentioned character which in use will provide for the discharge of slag from the furnace walls in such small quantities on the fuel bed that the slag may be carried out with the burned fuel.

Numerous other objects and advantages of this invention will become more apparent as the following description proceeds, particularly when reference is had to the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a semi-diagrammatic sectional view through a furnace showing a wall of the furnace with a deflecting device constructed in accordance with the teachings of this invention associated with the same;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; g

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 33 of Fig. 1.

In the operation of furnaces, considerable difficulty is experienced with the slag which deposits on the furnace walls. This slag forms a large sheet on each wall, a sheet sometimes attaining the weight of one or two tons, in large furnaces. These sheets of slag, when they become too heavy to adhere to the wall, crack or break and fall on to the fuel bed of the furnace, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of combustion and resulting also frequently in a burning of the stoker parts, thus necessitating replacement of parts of the stoker or fuel feeding mechanism.

The present invention contemplates the elimination of the above mentioned difiiculties by providing deflecting ledges associated with the furnace walls. These ledges may be made of refractory, carborundum, metal or other heat resisting material and can be placed in any or all of the walls of the furnace. These ledges are so shaped that they project inwardly toward the combustion chamber of the furnace and overhang the subjacent portions of the furnace wall. These ledges prevent the formation of large clinkers or slag sheets on the furnace walls below them and provide for the melting of the slag and relatively slow dripping of the same on to the fuel bed whereby the slag may be removed with the burned fuel.

Referring then particularly to the drawing wherein like reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout all views, the numeral l0 designates the combustion chamber of a furnace designated generally by the reference character II. The numeral I2 designates one wall of this furnace, this wall being shown as comprising the blocks l3 through which the tubes l4 extend, in accordance with the usual construction of water cooled furnace walls.

The furnace is shown as being provided .with a fuel feeding mechanism which may comprise a Taylor multiple retort and rear dump stoker having alternately arranged retorts l5 and tuyre rows [6. As usual, the fuel is fed by rams (not shown) into the forward ends of the retorts l5 underneath the fuel bed and is moved longitudinally of the retorts toward the ash pit I8 by suitable pushers I l which in effect form stepped bottom walls of said retorts. The action of the pushers is such that the fuel is fed into the fuel bed and laterally on to the tuyre rows l 6. Thus the fuel feeding mechanism provides a moving fuel bed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, in accordance with the usual practice.

In accordance with the teachings of this invention, the wall I2 is provided with slag deflecting devices designated generally by the reference character 20. Each device comprises a series of blocks 2| positioned in juxtaposition to each other in the manner clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawing. The blocks are shaped to provide downwardly and inwardly inclined surfaces 22 and vertical faces 23 so that when the blocks are assembled, downwardly facing shoulders 24 are formed, the edges 25 of which overhang the subjacent portions of the furnace wall.

In the form of construction shown in Fig.1 of the drawing, the blocks 2! are substituted for certain of the blocks l3, the tubes l4 extending through the blocks 2| in the manner clearly illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawing. Further, the blocks are so arranged as to form three ledges at different elevations on the furnace wall, the adjacent ends of the ledges slightly overlapping each other. The arrangement is such that the ledge or deflecting device which is at the highest elevation is at the higher end of the stoker, while the device which is at the lowest elevation is at the lowest end of the stoker. Thus adjacent each portion of the stoker there is provided a deflecting ledge or device incorporated in the furnace wall at a relatively short distance above the normal level of the fuel bed formed by the stoker.

In operation it will be found that the deflecting ledges will arrest clinker or slag sheet formation at the inclined surfaces 22 and on the furnace wall above these surfaces. This results from the inclined surface of the device acting as a ledge or support for the clinker or slag formation above it.

Each device will further function to prevent or diminish the clinker or slag sheet formation on the furnace wall surface immediately'below the device. This is effected by the deviceactingas a cutoff preventing the slag formation above the device from accumulating and extending on to the wall surface below the device.

Further, it will be noted that the surface 23 of each device will'be spaced furtherfrom the cooling tubes l4 than the remainder of the furnace wall, with the result that the slag on the faces 22, and '23 of each device will'be at a relatively high furnacetemperature, with the result that the slag on these faces will melt and drip slowly .on to the fuel bed within the furnace. This slow discharge of the molten slag .on to the fuel bed will not be sufficient to disrupt the'fuel bed, the slag being Idischarged'in such small quantities that it may be carried out with the moving. fuel bed to the ash pit of the furnace. Thus the invention provides forthe constant "slow discharge of the deposited slag on tothemoving'fuelbed of the furnace and thus thecontinuous removal of this slag from the furnace withlthe burned'fuel.

From the above it will be apparent that the invention provides a slag deflectingdevice which maybe associated with-anyor all of the Walls of a furnace. The devices'function to. prevent the formation ofv large sheets of slag on the furnace walls and also prevent the fallingv of Islag or wall clinkers on to the fuel bed near the wall. This results in improved efiiciency .ofcombustion and a. reduction in the burning of stoker parts, thus eliminating the necessity .of frequently replacing the stoker parts.

The devices are so arranged and constructed thatthe slag will drop from the same insmall quantities on to thefuel bedso that the slag will be carried out in small quantities with the burned fuel. The walls are shown as being imperforate and may be either in the form of water walls or plain refractory walls, dependent entirely upon the type of furnace with which the construction is associated.

While the invention has been described with some'detail, it is tobe understood that the description isfor the purposes of illustration only and is not definitive of the limits ofthe inventive idea. The right is reserved to make such changes in the details of construction and arrangement of parts as will fall within thepurviewaof the attached claims.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In combination, an upright combustion chamber wall having'horiz'ontal courses of refractory'blocks, and means for preventing the formation-of large clinkers or slag sheets on said wall while providing for the "gradualdiscnarge from said wall onto an: inclined fuel load beside said wall of clinkersaandzsiag-in :smallquantities only, incuding staggeredly-arranged:rowsrof rewall "while providing for the gradual discharge from said wall onto an inclined fuel bed beside .said with of clinkers and slag in small quantities only, including stepped rows of refractory blocks .set in*the horizontal courses of the wall and projecting. laterally therefrom, the arrangement being such that the row at the highest elevation is toward thehigher end of the fuel bed while the row .at the lowest elevation is toward the lowerend of said fuel bed.

3.-I-n combination, .an upright combustion chamber wall having horizontal .courses of refractory blocks, and means for preventing the formation .of large clinkers or slag sheets .on said'side while providing for the gradual discharge fromsaidsideonto :an inclined fuel .bed beside said --wall of clinkers and slagin 55111211 quantities, including rows ofrefractory blocks set inand projecting laterally from the horizontal courses of said wall, {said rows being arrangedin stepped relation with thestep. atthe highest elevation; at thelhigherend-of the fuelbedzand the step at the'lowest elevation .at the .loweriend of said. fuel bed.

4. In combination, an upright .combustion chamber wallhavingzhorizontal courses of :refractory blocks, and means for .preventing :the formation :of. large clinkers or slag ssheets on;said wall while providing ifor the gradual :discharge from said wall onto fan inclinedv fuel cbed .beside said wall of clinkersiandz-sla'g in smallcquantities, including a stepped .le'dge construction on an upright side .of said wall, eachstepwcomprising as substantially zstraight-row of :refractory blocks set in zand projectingslaterally: from said wall,':the arrangement being such that the step ,,:at -:the highest elevation-isaat'the higher end of the fuel bed ;while'the step .atthe lowerelevation isat the-lower: end of :said. fuelibed.

;5..'In combination, can :upright combustion chamber wall having horizontal xcoursesiofrefractory blocks, 1 and :means :for preventing :the formation of large clinkers. or slag sheets on said wall while providing for the .gradual .discharge from said wall onto an inclined fuel bed .beside said wall of clinkersand slag in smalllquantities, including substantially horizontal ledges set :in and. projecting laterally from-:an upright side of said wall, said ledgesbeing in stepped relation with the ledge at the highest elevation at the higher end of 'the fuel bed-and the ledge-at the lowest elevation toward -the lower end'of-said fuel bed.

6. In combination, an upright combustion chamber wall having horizontal courses of refractory blocks, andfimeans for preventing the formation of largeclinkers or slag sheets on an upright side of said wall, while providingfor the gradual discharge from said side onto a downwardly'and rearwardlylinclined fuel bed beside sai'd'wall of clinkers andslag in small-quantities including three ledges set in said horizontal coursesv and 'projecting'laterally from the upright side aforesaid of said wall-at different elevations, the adjacent en'cls of the ledges slightly overlapping each other, the arrangement being such that the ledge at the highest elevation is at the forward end of said wall, while the ledge at the lowest elevation is adjacent the rear end of said wall.

7. In combination, an upright combustion chamber wall having horizontal courses of refractory blocks, and means for preventing the formation of large clinkers or slag sheets on an upright side of said wall, while providing for the gradual discharge from said side onto a downwardly and rearwardly inclined fuel bed beside said wall of clinkers and slag in small quantities including stepped ledges set in the horizontal courses of said wall, the arrangement being such that the uppermost step is at the forward end of said wall, while the lowermost step is adjacent the rear end of said wall, said ledges being rigid with and projecting laterally from said wall.

8. In combination, an upright combustion chamber wall having horizontally extending courses of brick, and means including stepped ledges set in said courses of brick for preventing the formation of large clinkers or slag sheets on said wall, while providing for the gradual discharge from said wall onto an inclined fuel bed beside said wall of clinkers and slag in small quantities, said ledges and the courses of brick above and below the same being substantially parallel, the ledge at the highest elevation being adjacent the highest end of the inclined fuellbed while the ledge at the lowest elevation is toward the lowest end of said fuel bed.

9. In combination, an upright combustion chamber wall having horizontal courses of refractory blocks, and means for preventing the formation of large clinkers or slag sheets on said wall while providing for the gradual discharge from said wall onto a downwardly and rearwardly inclined fuel bed beside said wall of clinkers and slag in small quantities, including blocks set in the horizontal courses aforesaid and being corniced to provide a series of overlapping steps on the inner surface of said wall between the upper and lower edges thereof, said steps being in part non-overlapping, the arrangement being such that the step at the highest elevation is adjacent the highest end of the inclined fuel bed while the step at the lowest elevation is toward the lowest end of said fuel bed.

FRED J. CHATEL.

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