US1974143A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

patented Sept. 1.8,

FURNACE Raymond'M. Spencer, C to Columbusl Heating olumbus, Ohio, assigner and Ventilating Company,v Columbus, Ohio, a'corporation of Ohio Application June 27, 1932, serial No. 619,386 f 2 Claims. (Cl. 11G-75') My invention relates to furnaces. It has to do more particularly with the provision of a novel typev of' tuyre members for supplying air to the f fuel bed of the furnace. It is particularly applicable to those types of furnaces which are adapted to burn coaLcoke, wood or other such substances, although there are certain features of my invention which are not necessarily lim-` ited to such types of furnaces.

There have been many attempts, in the kprior art, to devise a suitable type of tuyre member for supplying air to therfuel bed of the furnace. However, the tuyre members which have been produced, heretofore, have all been possessed of vcertain undesirable features. The most common type of tuyre member now in use consists of a cast plate which is supported at the side of the combustion chamber of the furnace. A plurality of these plates are arrangedY on each side of the combustion chamber. Each of these plates has; its lower end supported on the supporting mem-l bers which are arranged inside ofthe furnace walls and which are adapted to support the'grates thereof. The lower ends of these tuyre membersV lare arranged in spaced relation to the inner wall of the furnace, and these members are inclinedl so that their upper ends rest against the inner wall of the furnace. The tuyre outlets of thetuyre members are arranged adjacent the'upper ends thereof, at the level of the top of the fuel bed. Air is adapted to pass from the ash pit or elsewhere, up behind the tuyre members, and out through the tuyre outlets to the top of the fuel bed. v f

v The structure described above is possessed of many undesirable features. In the first place, it has been found that such a structure Vof tuyre members is not sufficiently rigid and cannot .with" stand the heat to which the tuyre members .are

lsubjected. These tuyre members are so ar-` ranged that they are subjected to an excessive amount of heat from the fuel bed and thisvheat warps and distorts the thin cast plates of which the tuyre members consist. Generally, this warping tends to cause' the upper end of the tuyre member to pull away from the wallof the furnace and to allow the fuel to fall in back of such member and then downwardly into the ash pit. Furthermore, since the tuyre members are provided with openings at their upper ends which are at the level of the top of the fuel bed they tend to hinder combustion rather than aid it. Likewise, since these openings are arranged at the level of the top lof -thefuel bed v`they are morel likely to become clogged, thereby preventing en-v trance ofair into the combustion chamber.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a furnace of the type indicated having tuyre members therein, which are of an extremely rugged construction and will not be distorted by the heat to which they are subjected.

-Another object of my invention isv to provide a :furnace of the type indicated having tuyere members therein, which are so positioned that they will be subjected to a minimum amount of heat.

Another object of my invention is to provide a furnace of the type indicated having tuyre members therein, which are so positioned that they will supply air to the fuel bed in a very eifective manner and the openings of which will not easily become clogged.

In its preferred form, my invention contemplates the provision of a furnace which is provided with grates suitably supported on members disposed on opposite walls of the furnace. Each side ofthese grates is spaced from the wall of the furnace. At each side of these grates and above the space between the grate and the walls of the furnace, I mount a row of tuyre blocks of novel form. These tuyre blocks are extremely rugged and are positioned at a point near the bottom ofy the fuel bed. Openings are provided in the sides of these tuyre blocks so that air coming through such blocks will flow underneath thev greater portion of the fuel and then upwardly therethrough. These tuyre blocks are each provided With a ridge on the rear surface thereof which is 'adapted to maintain it inspaced relation to the` Wall of the furnace. The upper ends of these blocks 'are flat and are adapted to receive a row of refractory fire bricks. The tuyre blocks are arranged near the bottom of the fuel bed so that Vthey will be subjected to the smallest amount of heat while the nre bricks are arranged at the level of the top of the fuel bed Where'the greatest amount of heat is present.

The preferred embodiment of my invention is shown in the accompanying drawing wherein similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts and wherein;

Figure 1 is a section oI'a furnace constructed in accordance with -my invention and providedA with my novel type of tuyere blocks.

Figure 2 is a vertical section, on line 2--2 of Figure 1, showing a row of tuyre blocks and fire bricks supported thereby.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken substantially on line 3--3 of Figure'z.

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Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the tuyre blocks, made in accordance with my invention.

Figure 5 is a side elevation of a furnace wall provided with a slightly modified type of tuyre blocks.

Figure 6 is a section taken substantially on line 6 6 of Figure 5. 4

With reference to the drawing, I have shown a furnace 1 which is of a type adapted to burn coal, coke, wood or other such substances. The furnace shown comprises side plates 2 and 3 which are preferably of cast iron. It will be obvious that the rear end of the furnace is closed by a similar cast plate while the front end of the furnace is provided with a suitable door construction. The lower ends of the side plates 2 and 3 are suitably mounted on a concrete base 4.

Supporting brackets 5 are mounted at eachside4 of the furnace on the plates 2 and 3 adjacent the lower ends thereof and are secured thereto in any desired manner. These supporting brackets 5 extend inwardly from the walls of the furnace a considerable distance. Any number of these supporting brackets may be used. The supporting members 5 are adapted to receive a pair of grate supporting members 6, one of which is mounted at each side of the furnace on such members.

These supporting members 6 are arranged at the outer ends of the supporting brackets 5 and may be secured thereto. A space 7 is produced between the grate supporting members 6 and the inner side walls of the furnace.

Each of the supporting members 6 is provided with a shoulder 8 extending from the inner surface thereof. These shoulders are adapted to support a grate structure 9. As shown in the drawing, the grate structure 9 merely comprises a plate having perforations 10 therein, although it will be understood that any suitable grate structure, provided with means for discharging the ashes, may be used. An ash pit l1 is formed below the grate 9 and a fire-box 12 is formed thereabove.

The grate supporting members 6 are further provided with shoulders 13 which project upwardly from the inner edge of the upper surface thereof. A plurality of tuyre blocks 14 are adapted to be mounted on the upper edges of these supporting members 6 as shown in the drawing.

Each of these tuyre blocks is of the construction shown in Figure 4. Each tuyre block is preferably of cast iron and comprise a flat rear wall 15 having a rib 15 on the rear surface thereof. The rear wall 15 is integrally joined to a iiat upper wall 16 which is provided with a shoulder 17 disposed at the front edge thereof. A front wall 18 is integrally joined at its upper end to the upper wall 16. The front wall 18 has both of its side edges cut away as at 19. A supporting web 20 is disposed inside each tuyre block 14 and joins the front and rear walls thereof. This web, being located centrally of the block, forms a wall which produces a cavity on each side of each tuyre block which is open at its lower end as at 21. t

The lower end of the front wall 18 of the tuyre block 14 is provided with a curved portion 22 having a cutaway portion 23 therein. This cutaway portion 23 is adapted to fit over the shoulder 13 of the grate supporting members 6.

A row of tuyre blocks 14 with their sides in' abutment is placed at each side of the'furnace on the supporting members 6. The cutaway portions 23 of these blocks t over the shoulders 13 of the members 6 and the rib 15 on the rear surface of each tuyre block contacts with the side walls of the furnace. These ribs on the back of the tuyre blocks produce chambers 24 behind such blocks. These chambers form dead air spaces which serve as insulating chambers between the blocks and the side walls of the furnace. Also, since the narrow ribs are the only portions of the blocks that contact with the walls of the furnace, this ensures that the blocks may always be properly positioned.

As shown in Figure 2, of the drawing, when the tuyre blocks Vare mounted in abutting relation on the supporting members 6 the cutaway portions 19 of the front walls of such blocks produce side openings 25 therein. It will be under- I stood that half of the opening 25 is formed in each of the two adjacent blocks. The shape of these openings may be varied, as desired.

The cavities in the sides of the abutting tuyre blocks 14 cooperate to form a series of vertical chambers 26. These chambers have theirlower ends open andy their upper ends closed and are provided with side openings 25, as described.

On top of each row of tuyre blocks 14, I'mount a row of refractory re bricks 27. As shown in Figure 1 of the drawing, the shoulders 17 formedl on the inner edge of the upper at walls 16 of the tuyre blocks keep these bricks in place thereon. The vlower edges of the bricks rest on the tuyre blocks 14 and the outer surfaces thereof contact with the walls of the furnace.

' The refractory bricks 27 are disposed at the upper level of the fuel bed while the tuyre blocks 14 are disposed adjacent thelower portions of the para fuel bed. By having the tuyre blocks so disposed they will be subjected to a minimum amount of heat. Since the greater portion of Vheat is produced at the level of the topl of the fuel bed, the re bricks will be the portion of the furnace subjected to the maximum temperature. Furthermore, since the tuyre ports25 are disposed adjacent the lower portion of the fuel bed, they will be less likely to become clogged. The tuyre blocks 14 act as vertical grates and the ports in these tuyre blocks are so directed that any ashes which enter the tuyre ports 25 willrdro'p down throughthe vertical chambers 26 in-such blocks, through the space 7 between the member 6 and walls of the furnace, and then down into the ash pit 11.

It will be understood that air will pass fromy the ash pit 11 or from other sources, up through the space 7, into the Vertical chambers 26', andV then out through the tuyre ports 25 as shown by the arrows in Figure 1. The air discharged from.` the tuyre ports 25 will pass through the lower" portion' of the fuel bed in vthe fire-box 12 and upwardly therethrough, thereby eectively aiding combustion. I y

In Figures 5 'and 6, I have shown a furnace which is provided with a slightly different type of tuyre blocks. This furnace lis of a construction substantially identical with thatrshewn in Figures 1 to Srinclusive. this instance, comprises a ilat rear wall A29, and-a fiat upper wall 30 having ashoulder 31 formed on the outer edge thereof. The front wall 32 of this tuyre block is integrally joined to theupper wall thereof, and this front wall is comparatively l thick. The lower end of the front wall-32'is1 Each tuyre Yblock 28, inV

web 33 is disposed inside the block 28 and is adapted to join the front and rear walls thereof.

As shown in Figure 5, each side of the front wall 32 of the tuyre block 28 is provided with cutaway portions 34 and 35. When the tuyre blocks 28 are properly mounted, the cutaway p0rtions 34 and 35 of abutting blocks produce openings 34 and 35 in the front wall of the block series. Air is adapted to be discharged from these tuyre blocks through said openings and ashes may escape therethrough into the ash pit, as with the structure shown in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive.

It will be understood from the above description that I have provided a furnace having tuyre members therein which are of an extremely rugged construction and which will not be distorted by the heat to which they are subjected. Furthermore, these tuyre members are so positioned that they will be subjected to a minimum amount of heat. The portion of the furnace, which is subjected to the greatest amount of heat, consists ofl re brick. The tuyre blocks are so arranged that the air is discharged therefrom, at the lower portion of the fuel bed, thereby effectively aiding combustion. Furthermore, the tuyre members serve as vertical grates and any ashes which enter the tuyre ports will drop down into the ash pit.

It will be obvious that the furnace structure which I have shown is for illustrative purposes only and that such structure may be greatly changed without departing from the principles of my invention. It will also be obvious that the structure of tuyre blocks may also be greatly varied.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

l. In a furnace comprising grate supporting members supported by brackets attached to the side walls of the furnace, said grate members being spaced from the walls of the furnace, a plurality of tuyere blocks mounted on the grate supporting members and so disposed as to bridge the space between said walls and said grate members, each tuyre block being provided with a central web and side passageways which are open at the sides so that the blocks when assembled form separate upwardly extending passages and being further provided with cut away portions in the front and bottom walls to thereby form communicating openings with said passages, and nre-brick mounted upon said tuyre blocks whereby the tuyre blocks will be disposed adjacent the bottom of the fuel bed.

2. n a furnace comprising grate supporting members supported by brackets attached to the side walls of the furnace, said grate members being spaced from the walls 0f the furnace, a plurality of tuyre blocks mounted on the grate supporting members and so disposed as to bridge the space between said walls and said grate members, each tuyre block being an integral metal casting and comprising a rear wall, an upper Wall provided with an upstanding shoulder at the forward edge thereof, a front wall, a web joined to said rear Wall, said front wall, and said upper wall at a point substantially midway between the side edges of said walls to form side passageways which are open at the sides so that the blocks when assembled form separate upwardly extending passages, said front and bottom walls being provided with cut away portions to thereby form communicating openings with said passages, and fire-brick: mounted upon said upper wall and abutting against the upstanding shoulder of said upper wall whereby the tuyre blocks will be disposed adjacent the bottom of the fuel bed.

RAYMOND M. SPENCER.

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