US20250226492A1 - Secondary battery and battery pack - Google Patents

Secondary battery and battery pack Download PDF

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Publication number
US20250226492A1
US20250226492A1 US19/091,030 US202519091030A US2025226492A1 US 20250226492 A1 US20250226492 A1 US 20250226492A1 US 202519091030 A US202519091030 A US 202519091030A US 2025226492 A1 US2025226492 A1 US 2025226492A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
wound body
electrode
negative electrode
positive electrode
secondary battery
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Pending
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US19/091,030
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English (en)
Inventor
Soichi YAMAGUCHI
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Assigned to MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD. reassignment MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: YAMAGUCHI, Soichi
Publication of US20250226492A1 publication Critical patent/US20250226492A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a secondary battery, and to a battery pack that includes the secondary battery.
  • the secondary battery includes a battery device contained inside an outer package member.
  • a configuration of the secondary battery has been considered in various ways.
  • the present disclosure relates to a secondary battery, and to a battery pack that includes the secondary battery.
  • a secondary battery includes an electrode wound body and a battery can.
  • the electrode wound body includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode that are stacked on each other with a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and are wound around a central axis.
  • the battery can has a substantially circular columnar outer shape in which a height direction corresponds to a direction along the central axis.
  • the battery can contains the electrode wound body.
  • the battery can includes a container and a cover part.
  • the container includes a lower end part and an upper end part. The lower end part is closed by a bottom part.
  • the upper end part is positioned on a side opposite to the lower end part in the height direction and has an opening through which the electrode wound body is passable.
  • the cover part closes the opening of the container.
  • a flattening of the electrode wound body is a ratio of a maximum diameter of the electrode wound body to a minimum diameter of the electrode wound body
  • the flattening of an upper part of the electrode wound body is greater than the flattening of a lower part of the electrode wound body.
  • the flattening of the upper part of the electrode wound body is greater than the flattening of the lower part of the electrode wound body.
  • the flattening of the lower part of the electrode wound body being relatively small makes it easy for the electrode wound body to be placed into the battery can upon assembly of the secondary battery.
  • the flattening of the upper part of the electrode wound body being great helps to prevent the electrode wound body from easily moving inside the battery can even when the secondary battery undergoes vibration. This makes it possible to prevent, for example, damage to the electrode wound body itself, and damage to a coupling part between a positive electrode current collector plate, which is joined to the electrode wound body, and an external terminal or a cover part.
  • the secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure thus makes it possible to achieve superior vibration resistance without degrading manufacturability.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional diagram illustrating a configuration of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of a stacked body including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional diagram illustrating a configuration example of a horizontal sectional structure of the electrode wound body illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 A is a developed view of the positive electrode illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 B is a sectional view of the positive electrode illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 A is a developed view of the negative electrode illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 B is a sectional view of the negative electrode illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 6 A is a plan view of a positive electrode current collector plate illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 6 B is a plan view of a negative electrode current collector plate illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 7 A is a horizontal sectional diagram schematically illustrating a horizontal sectional structure of an upper part of the electrode wound body illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective diagram describing a process of manufacturing the secondary battery illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of a battery pack to which the secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied.
  • a cylindrical lithium-ion secondary battery having an outer appearance of a cylindrical shape will be described as an example.
  • the secondary battery of the present disclosure is not limited to the cylindrical lithium-ion secondary battery, and may be a lithium-ion secondary battery having an outer appearance of a shape other than the cylindrical shape, or may be a battery in which an electrode reactant other than lithium is used.
  • the secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte.
  • a charge capacity of the negative electrode is greater than a discharge capacity of the positive electrode.
  • an electrochemical capacity per unit area of the negative electrode is set to be greater than an electrochemical capacity per unit area of the positive electrode.
  • the electrode reactant is specifically a light metal such as an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
  • alkali metal include lithium, sodium, and potassium.
  • alkaline earth metal include beryllium, magnesium, and calcium.
  • the electrode reactant is lithium.
  • a secondary battery in which the battery capacity is obtained through insertion and extraction of lithium is what is called a lithium-ion secondary battery.
  • lithium-ion secondary battery lithium is inserted and extracted in an ionic state.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a sectional configuration of a lithium-ion secondary battery 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as a secondary battery 1 ) according to the present embodiment along a height direction.
  • the secondary battery 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes an outer package can 11 and an electrode wound body 20 .
  • the outer package can 11 serves as a battery can and has a circular columnar outer shape.
  • the electrode wound body 20 serves as a battery device and is contained in the outer package can 11 .
  • the term “circular columnar” as used herein is not limited to a columnar shape in which a section orthogonal to the height direction has a circular shape, but also encompasses a columnar shape in which a section orthogonal to the height direction has an elliptical shape.
  • the secondary battery 1 further includes an outer package tube 50 that covers an outer peripheral surface of the outer package can 11 .
  • the secondary battery 1 includes, inside the outer package can 11 , a pair of insulating plates 12 and 13 , the electrode wound body 20 , a positive electrode current collector plate 24 , and a negative electrode current collector plate 25 , for example.
  • the electrode wound body 20 is a structure in which a positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode 22 are stacked with a separator 23 interposed therebetween and are wound, for example.
  • the electrode wound body 20 is impregnated with an electrolytic solution.
  • the electrolytic solution is a liquid electrolyte.
  • the secondary battery 1 may further include a thermosensitive resistive (PTC) device, a reinforcing member, or both inside the outer package can 11 .
  • PTC thermosensitive resistive
  • the outer package can 11 has, for example, a hollow cylindrical structure with a lower end part and an upper end part in a Z-axis direction.
  • the Z-axis direction is the height direction.
  • the lower end part is closed, and the upper end part is open.
  • the upper end part of the outer package can 11 is an open end part 11 N
  • the lower end part of the outer package can 11 is closed by a bottom part 11 B having a substantially circular plate shape.
  • a sidewall part 11 W surrounding the electrode wound body 20 is provided between the open end part 11 N and the bottom part 11 B.
  • the outer package can 11 includes, for example, a metal material such as iron as a constituent material. Note that a surface of the outer package can 11 may be plated with, for example, a metal material such as nickel.
  • the insulating plate 12 and the insulating plate 13 are so opposed to each other as to allow the electrode wound body 20 to be interposed therebetween in the Z-axis direction, for example.
  • the open end part 11 N and the vicinity thereof may be referred to as an upper part of the secondary battery 1 in the Z-axis direction, and a region where the outer package can 11 is closed and the vicinity thereof may be referred to as a lower part of the secondary battery 1 in the Z-axis direction.
  • the open end part 11 N of the outer package can 11 is closed by a battery cover 14 .
  • the battery cover 14 will be described later.
  • the outer package tube 50 surrounds a side surface 11 WS 1 that is an outer surface of the sidewall part 11 W of the outer package can 11 .
  • the outer package tube 50 may cover a bent part 11 P provided at the upper end part of the outer package can 11 , as illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the bent part 11 P will be described later.
  • the outer package tube 50 may cover a portion of a bottom surface 11 BS that is an outer surface of the bottom part 11 B of the outer package can 11 .
  • the outer package tube 50 includes, for example, a thermally contractible insulating film that includes a material such as a polyester-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, or a thermoplastic elastomer resin.
  • a washer 55 is provided in a gap between the outer package tube 50 and the bent part 11 P of the outer package can 11 .
  • the washer 55 is an insulating ring member that has an opening 55 K in a middle region in a plane orthogonal to the height direction. Disposed in the opening 55 K is a projecting part provided in a middle region of the battery cover 14 .
  • the washer 55 may include, for example, black modified polyphenylene ether as a constituent material.
  • Each of the insulating plates 12 and 13 is, for example, a dish-shaped plate having a surface perpendicular to a central axis CL of the electrode wound body 20 , that is, a surface perpendicular to a Z-axis in FIG. 1 .
  • the insulating plates 12 and 13 are so disposed as to allow the electrode wound body 20 to be interposed therebetween.
  • a structure in which the battery cover 14 and a safety valve mechanism 30 are crimped with a gasket 15 interposed therebetween is provided at the open end part 11 N of the outer package can 11 .
  • the outer package can 11 is sealed by the battery cover 14 , with the electrode wound body 20 and other components being contained inside the outer package can 11 .
  • the crimped structure 11 R is what is called a crimp structure, and includes the bent part 11 P serving as what is called a crimp part.
  • the battery cover 14 is a closing member that mainly closes the open end part 11 N of the outer package can 11 in a state where the electrode wound body 20 and other components are contained inside the outer package can 11 .
  • the battery cover 14 includes a material similar to the material included in the outer package can 11 , for example.
  • the projecting part In the middle region of the battery cover 14 , provided is the projecting part that protrudes upward, i.e., in a +Z direction, for example.
  • a peripheral region, i.e., a region other than the middle region, of the battery cover 14 is in a state of being in contact with the safety valve mechanism 30 , for example.
  • the gasket 15 is a sealing member interposed mainly between the bent part 11 P of the outer package can 11 and the battery cover 14 .
  • the gasket 15 seals a gap between the bent part 11 P and the battery cover 14 .
  • a surface of the gasket 15 may be coated with, for example, asphalt.
  • the gasket 15 includes any one or more of insulating materials, for example.
  • the insulating material is not particularly limited in kind, and examples thereof include a polymer material such as polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or polypropylene (PP).
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PP polypropylene
  • the insulating material is preferably polybutylene terephthalate.
  • the safety valve mechanism 30 is adapted to cancel the sealed state of the outer package can 11 to thereby release a pressure inside the outer package can 11 , i.e., an internal pressure of the outer package can 11 , on an as-needed basis, mainly upon an increase in the internal pressure.
  • a cause of the increase in the internal pressure of the outer package can 11 include a gas generated due to a decomposition reaction of the electrolytic solution upon charging and discharging.
  • the internal pressure of the outer package can 11 can also increase due to heating from outside.
  • the electrode wound body 20 is a power generation device that causes charging and discharging reactions to proceed, and is contained inside the outer package can 11 .
  • the electrode wound body 20 includes the positive electrode 21 , the negative electrode 22 , the separator 23 , and the electrolytic solution as a liquid electrolyte.
  • FIG. 2 is a developed view of the electrode wound body 20 , and schematically illustrates a portion of a stacked body S 20 including the positive electrode 21 , the negative electrode 22 , and the separator 23 .
  • the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are stacked on each other with the separator 23 interposed therebetween.
  • the separator 23 includes, for example, two bases, that is, a first separator member 23 A and a second separator member 23 B. Accordingly, the electrode wound body 20 includes the stacked body S 20 that is four-layered.
  • the positive electrode 21 , the first separator member 23 A, the negative electrode 22 , and the second separator member 23 B are stacked in order.
  • Each of the positive electrode 21 , the first separator member 23 A, the negative electrode 22 , and the second separator member 23 B is a substantially band-shaped member in which a W-axis direction corresponds to a transverse direction and an L-axis direction corresponds to a longitudinal direction.
  • the electrode wound body 20 may be the stacked body S 20 so wound around the central axis CL extending in the Z-axis direction as to form a spiral shape in a horizontal section orthogonal to the Z-axis direction.
  • the stacked body S 20 is wound in an orientation in which the W-axis direction substantially coincides with the Z-axis direction.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a configuration example of the electrode wound body 20 along the horizontal section orthogonal to the Z-axis direction. Note that, for higher visibility, FIG. 3 omits illustration of the separator 23 .
  • the electrode wound body 20 has an outer appearance of a substantially circular columnar shape as a whole.
  • the positive electrode 21 , the negative electrode 22 , and the separator 23 are so wound that the separator 23 is positioned in each of an outermost wind of the electrode wound body 20 and an innermost wind of the electrode wound body 20 . Further, in the outermost wind of the electrode wound body 20 , the negative electrode 22 is positioned on an outer side relative to the positive electrode 21 . In other words, as illustrated in FIG. 3 , an outermost positive electrode wind part 21 out that is positioned in an outermost wind of the positive electrode 21 included in the electrode wound body 20 is positioned on an inner side relative to an outermost negative electrode wind part 22 out that is positioned in an outermost wind of the negative electrode 22 included in the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the innermost positive electrode wind part 21 in is a part corresponding to the innermost one wind of the positive electrode 21 in the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the innermost negative electrode wind part 22 in is a part corresponding to the innermost one wind of the negative electrode 22 in the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the number of winds of each of the positive electrode 21 , the negative electrode 22 , and the separator 23 is not particularly limited, and may be chosen as desired.
  • FIG. 4 A is a developed view of the positive electrode 21 , and schematically illustrates a state before being wound.
  • FIG. 4 B illustrates a sectional configuration of the positive electrode 21 . Note that FIG. 4 B illustrates a section of the positive electrode 21 as viewed in an arrowed direction along line IVB-IVB illustrated in FIG. 4 A .
  • the positive electrode 21 includes, for example, a positive electrode current collector 21 A, and a positive electrode active material layer 21 B provided on the positive electrode current collector 21 A.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 21 B may be provided only on one of two opposite surfaces of the positive electrode current collector 21 A, or may be provided on each of the two opposite surfaces of the positive electrode current collector 21 A.
  • FIG. 4 A is a developed view of the positive electrode 21 , and schematically illustrates a state before being wound.
  • FIG. 4 B illustrates a sectional configuration of the positive electrode 21 . Note that FIG. 4 B illustrates a section of the positive electrode 21 as viewed in an arrowed direction
  • the positive electrode current collector 21 A includes an inward positive electrode current collector surface 21 A 1 facing toward a winding center side of the electrode wound body 20 , that is, facing toward the central axis CL, and an outward positive electrode current collector surface 21 A 2 facing toward a side opposite to the winding center side of the electrode wound body 20 , that is, positioned on a side opposite to the inward positive electrode current collector surface 21 A 1 .
  • the positive electrode 21 includes, as the positive electrode active material layers 21 B, an inner winding side positive electrode active material layer 21 B 1 covering all or a part of the inward positive electrode current collector surface 21 A 1 , and an outer winding side positive electrode active material layer 21 B 2 covering all or a part of the outward positive electrode current collector surface 21 A 2 .
  • the inner winding side positive electrode active material layer 21 B 1 and the outer winding side positive electrode active material layer 21 B 2 may each be generically referred to as the positive electrode active material layer 21 B, without being distinguished from each other.
  • the positive electrode 21 includes a positive electrode covered region 211 in which the positive electrode current collector 21 A is covered with the positive electrode active material layer 21 B, and a positive electrode exposed region 212 in which the positive electrode current collector 21 A is exposed without being covered with the positive electrode active material layer 21 B.
  • the positive electrode covered region 211 and the positive electrode exposed region 212 each extend from a central axis side edge 21 E 1 of the positive electrode 21 to an outer winding side edge 21 E 2 of the positive electrode 21 along the L-axis direction, i.e., the longitudinal direction of the positive electrode 21 .
  • the L-axis direction corresponds to a winding direction of the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the positive electrode current collector 21 A is covered with the positive electrode active material layer 21 B from the central axis side edge 21 E 1 of the positive electrode 21 to the outer winding side edge 21 E 2 of the positive electrode 21 in the winding direction of the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the positive electrode covered region 211 and the positive electrode exposed region 212 are adjacent to each other in the W-axis direction, i.e., the transverse direction of the positive electrode 21 .
  • the W-axis direction substantially coincides with the central axis CL. Further, as illustrated in FIG.
  • the central axis side edge 21 E 1 of the innermost positive electrode wind part 21 in is positioned to be inwardly retracted relative to a central axis side edge 22 E 1 of the innermost negative electrode wind part 22 in.
  • the positive electrode 21 further has a lower edge 21 E 3 that extends in the L-axis direction on a lower side of the electrode wound body 20 .
  • An insulating layer 101 is preferably provided in a region including a border between the positive electrode covered region 211 and the positive electrode exposed region 212 and the vicinity of the border. As with the positive electrode covered region 211 and the positive electrode exposed region 212 , the insulating layer 101 also preferably extends from the central axis side edge 21 E 1 to the outer winding side edge 21 E 2 in the electrode wound body 20 . Further, the insulating layer 101 is preferably adhered to the first separator member 23 A, the second separator member 23 B, or both. One reason for this is that this makes it possible to prevent the positive electrode 21 and the separator 23 from becoming misaligned with each other.
  • the insulating layer 101 preferably includes a resin including polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF).
  • PVDF polyvinylidene difluoride
  • FIG. 5 A is a developed view of the negative electrode 22 , and schematically illustrates a state before being wound.
  • FIG. 5 B illustrates a sectional configuration of the negative electrode 22 . Note that FIG. 5 B illustrates a section of the negative electrode 22 as viewed in an arrowed direction along line VB-VB illustrated in FIG. 5 A .
  • the negative electrode 22 includes, for example, a negative electrode current collector 22 A, and a negative electrode active material layer 22 B provided on the negative electrode current collector 22 A.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 22 B may be provided only on one of two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector 22 A, or may be provided on each of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector 22 A.
  • FIG. 5 A is a developed view of the negative electrode 22 , and schematically illustrates a state before being wound.
  • FIG. 5 B illustrates a sectional configuration of the negative electrode 22 . Note that FIG. 5 B illustrates a section of the negative electrode 22 as viewed in an arrowed direction along
  • the negative electrode current collector 22 A includes an inward negative electrode current collector surface 22 A 1 facing toward the winding center side of the electrode wound body 20 , that is, facing toward the central axis CL, and an outward negative electrode current collector surface 22 A 2 facing toward the side opposite to the winding center side of the electrode wound body 20 , that is, positioned on a side opposite to the inward negative electrode current collector surface 22 A 1 .
  • the negative electrode 22 includes, as the negative electrode active material layers 22 B, an inner winding side negative electrode active material layer 22 B 1 covering all or a part of the inward negative electrode current collector surface 22 A 1 , and an outer winding side negative electrode active material layer 22 B 2 covering all or a part of the outward negative electrode current collector surface 22 A 2 .
  • the inner winding side negative electrode active material layer 22 B 1 and the outer winding side negative electrode active material layer 22 B 2 may each be generically referred to as the negative electrode active material layer 22 B, without being distinguished from each other.
  • the negative electrode 22 includes a negative electrode covered region 221 in which the negative electrode current collector 22 A is covered with the negative electrode active material layer 22 B, and a negative electrode exposed region 222 in which the negative electrode current collector 22 A is exposed without being covered with the negative electrode active material layer 22 B.
  • the negative electrode covered region 221 and the negative electrode exposed region 222 each extend along the L-axis direction, i.e., the longitudinal direction of the negative electrode 22 .
  • the negative electrode exposed region 222 extends from the central axis side edge 22 E 1 of the negative electrode 22 to an outer winding side edge 22 E 2 of the negative electrode 22 in the winding direction of the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the negative electrode covered region 221 is provided at neither the central axis side edge 22 E 1 of the negative electrode 22 nor the outer winding side edge 22 E 2 of the negative electrode 22 .
  • portions of the negative electrode exposed region 222 are so provided as to allow the negative electrode covered region 221 to be interposed therebetween in the L-axis direction, i.e., the longitudinal direction of the negative electrode 22 .
  • the negative electrode exposed region 222 includes a first part 222 A, a second part 222 B, and a third part 222 C.
  • the negative electrode 22 further has a lower edge 22 E 3 that extends in the L-axis direction on the lower side of the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the first part 222 A is provided to be adjacent to the negative electrode covered region 221 in the W-axis direction, and extends from the central axis side edge 22 E 1 of the negative electrode 22 to the outer winding side edge 22 E 2 of the negative electrode 22 in the L-axis direction.
  • the second part 222 B and the third part 222 C are so provided as to allow the negative electrode covered region 221 to be interposed therebetween in the L-axis direction.
  • the first part 222 A is positioned in a region including the lower edge 22 E 3 of the negative electrode 22 and the vicinity of the lower edge 22 E 3 .
  • the second part 222 B is positioned in a region including the central axis side edge 22 E 1 of the negative electrode 22 and the vicinity of the central axis side edge 22 E 1 , for example.
  • the third part 222 C is positioned in a region including the outer winding side edge 22 E 2 of the negative electrode 22 and the vicinity of the outer winding side edge 22 E 2 .
  • FIGS. 5 A and 5 B each schematically illustrate the negative electrode current collector 22 A in a state of being straightened along the W-axis direction. In actuality, however, as illustrated in FIG. 1 , negative electrode edge parts 222 E of the negative electrode exposed region 222 are bent toward the central axis CL and coupled to the negative electrode current collector plate 25 . A detailed configuration of the negative electrode 22 will be described later.
  • the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are so stacked with the separator 23 interposed therebetween that the positive electrode exposed region 212 and the first part 222 A of the negative electrode exposed region 222 face toward mutually opposite directions along the W-axis direction, i.e., a width direction.
  • an end part of the separator 23 is fixed by attaching a fixing tape 46 to a side surface part 45 of the electrode wound body 20 , which prevents loosening of winding.
  • A>B is preferably satisfied, where A is a width of the positive electrode exposed region 212 , and B is a width of the first part 222 A of the negative electrode exposed region 222 .
  • the width A is 7 (mm)
  • the width B is 4 (mm).
  • C>D is preferably satisfied, where C is a width of a portion of the positive electrode exposed region 212 protruding from an outer edge in the width direction of the separator 23 , and D is a width of a portion, of the first part 222 A of the negative electrode exposed region 222 , protruding from an opposite outer edge in the width direction of the separator 23 .
  • the width C is 4.5 (mm)
  • the width D is 3 (mm).
  • multiple positive electrode edge parts 212 E, of the positive electrode exposed region 212 wound around the central axis CL, that are adjacent to each other in a radial direction (an R direction) of the electrode wound body 20 are so bent toward the central axis CL as to overlap each other to thereby form an upper end face 41 of the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the multiple negative electrode edge parts 222 E, of the negative electrode exposed region 222 wound around the central axis CL, that are adjacent to each other in the radial direction (the R direction) are so bent toward the central axis CL as to overlap each other to thereby form a lower end face 42 of the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the multiple positive electrode edge parts 212 E of the positive electrode exposed region 212 gather at the upper end face 41 of the electrode wound body 20
  • the multiple negative electrode edge parts 222 E of the negative electrode exposed region 222 gather at the lower end face 42 of the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the multiple positive electrode edge parts 212 E are bent toward the central axis CL and form a flat surface.
  • the multiple negative electrode edge parts 222 E are bent toward the central axis CL and form a flat surface.
  • flat surface encompasses not only a completely flat surface but also a surface having some asperities or surface roughness to the extent that joining of the positive electrode exposed region 212 to the positive electrode current collector plate 24 and joining of the negative electrode exposed region 222 to the negative electrode current collector plate 25 are possible.
  • the positive electrode current collector 21 A includes, for example, an aluminum foil, as will be described later.
  • the negative electrode current collector 22 A includes, for example, a copper foil, as will be described later.
  • the positive electrode current collector 21 A is softer than the negative electrode current collector 22 A.
  • the positive electrode exposed region 212 has a Young's modulus lower than a Young's modulus of the negative electrode exposed region 222 . Accordingly, in an embodiment, it is more preferable that the widths A to D satisfy a relationship of A>B and C>D.
  • the bent portion in the positive electrode 21 and the bent portion in the negative electrode 22 may sometimes have substantially equal heights measured from respective ends of the separator 23 .
  • the multiple positive electrode edge parts 212 E ( FIG. 1 ) of the positive electrode exposed region 212 appropriately overlap each other by being bent. This allows for easy joining of the positive electrode exposed region 212 and the positive electrode current collector plate 24 to each other.
  • the multiple negative electrode edge parts 222 E ( FIG. 1 ) of the negative electrode exposed region 222 appropriately overlap each other by being bent. This allows for easy joining of the negative electrode exposed region 222 and the negative electrode current collector plate 25 to each other.
  • the term “joining” refers to coupling by, for example, laser welding; however, a method of joining is not limited to laser welding.
  • a portion, of the positive electrode exposed region 212 of the positive electrode 21 , that is opposed to the negative electrode 22 with the separator 23 interposed therebetween is covered with the insulating layer 101 .
  • the insulating layer 101 has a width of 3 mm in the W-axis direction, for example.
  • the insulating layer 101 entirely covers the portion, of the positive electrode exposed region 212 of the positive electrode 21 , that is opposed to the negative electrode covered region 221 of the negative electrode 22 with the separator 23 interposed therebetween.
  • the insulating layer 101 makes it possible to effectively prevent an internal short circuit of the secondary battery 1 when foreign matter enters between the negative electrode covered region 221 and the positive electrode exposed region 212 , for example. Further, when the secondary battery 1 undergoes an impact, the insulating layer 101 absorbs the impact and thereby makes it possible to effectively prevent bending of the positive electrode exposed region 212 and a short circuit between the positive electrode exposed region 212 and the negative electrode 22 .
  • the secondary battery 1 may further include insulating tapes 53 and 54 in a gap between the outer package can 11 and the electrode wound body 20 .
  • the positive electrode exposed region 212 having the parts gathering at the upper end face 41 and the negative electrode exposed region 222 having the parts gathering at the lower end face 42 are electrical conductors, such as metal foils, that are exposed. Accordingly, if the positive electrode exposed region 212 and the negative electrode exposed region 222 are in proximity to the outer package can 11 , a short circuit between the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 can occur via the outer package can 11 . A short circuit can also occur when the positive electrode current collector plate 24 on the upper end face 41 and the outer package can 11 come into proximity to each other.
  • the insulating tapes 53 and 54 are preferably provided as insulating members.
  • Each of the insulating tapes 53 and 54 is, for example, an adhesive tape including a base layer, and an adhesive layer provided on one surface of the base layer.
  • the base layer includes, for example, any of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, or polyimide.
  • the insulating tapes 53 and 54 are disposed not to overlap the fixing tape 46 attached to the side surface part 45 , and a thickness of each of the insulating tapes 53 and 54 is set to be less than or equal to a thickness of the fixing tape 46 .
  • a lead for current extraction is welded to one location on each of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • a structure increases the internal resistance of the lithium-ion secondary battery and causes the lithium-ion secondary battery to generate heat and become hot upon discharging; therefore, the structure is unsuitable for high-rate discharging.
  • the positive electrode current collector plate 24 is disposed to face the upper end face 41
  • the negative electrode current collector plate 25 is disposed to face the lower end face 42 .
  • FIG. 6 A is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of the positive electrode current collector plate 24 .
  • FIG. 6 A is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of the positive electrode current collector plate 24 .
  • the negative electrode current collector plate 25 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of the negative electrode current collector plate 25 .
  • the positive electrode current collector plate 24 is a metal plate including, for example, aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a single component, or a composite material of aluminum and the aluminum alloy.
  • the negative electrode current collector plate 25 is a metal plate including, for example, nickel, a nickel alloy, copper, or a copper alloy as a single component, or a composite material of two or more thereof.
  • the positive electrode current collector plate 24 has a shape in which a band-shaped part 32 having a substantially rectangular shape is coupled to a fan-shaped part 31 having a substantially fan shape.
  • the fan-shaped part 31 has a through hole 35 in the vicinity of a middle thereof.
  • the positive electrode current collector plate 24 is provided to allow the through hole 35 to overlap the through hole 26 in the Z-axis direction.
  • a hatched portion in FIG. 6 A represents an insulating part 32 A of the band-shaped part 32 .
  • the insulating part 32 A is a portion of the band-shaped part 32 and has an insulating tape attached thereto or an insulating material applied thereto.
  • a portion below the insulating part 32 A is a coupling part 32 B to be coupled to a sealing plate that also serves as an external terminal.
  • a coupling part 32 B to be coupled to a sealing plate that also serves as an external terminal.
  • the positive electrode current collector plate 24 does not include the insulating part 32 A, it is possible to increase a width of each of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 by an amount corresponding to a thickness of the insulating part 32 A to thereby increase a charge and discharge capacity.
  • the negative electrode current collector plate 25 illustrated in FIG. 6 B has a shape similar to the shape of the positive electrode current collector plate 24 illustrated in FIG. 6 A .
  • the negative electrode current collector plate 25 has a band-shaped part 34 different from the band-shaped part 32 of the positive electrode current collector plate 24 .
  • the band-shaped part 34 of the negative electrode current collector plate 25 is shorter than the band-shaped part 32 of the positive electrode current collector plate 24 , and includes no portion corresponding to the insulating part 32 A of the positive electrode current collector plate 24 .
  • the band-shaped part 34 is provided with projections 37 that each have a round shape and that are depicted as multiple circles.
  • the negative electrode current collector plate 25 has a through hole 36 in the vicinity of a middle of a fan-shaped part 33 .
  • the negative electrode current collector plate 25 is provided to allow the through hole 36 to overlap the through hole 26 in the Z-axis direction.
  • the fan-shaped part 31 of the positive electrode current collector plate 24 covers only a portion of the upper end face 41 , owing to a plan shape of the fan-shaped part 31 .
  • the fan-shaped part 33 of the negative electrode current collector plate 25 covers only a portion of the lower end face 42 , owing to a plan shape of the fan-shaped part 33 .
  • Reasons why the fan-shaped part 31 does not entirely cover the upper end face 41 and why the fan-shaped part 33 does not entirely cover the lower end face 42 include the following two reasons, for example.
  • a first reason is to allow the electrolytic solution to smoothly permeate the electrode wound body 20 in assembling the secondary battery 1 , for example.
  • a second reason is to allow a gas generated when the lithium-ion secondary battery comes into an abnormally hot state or an overcharged state to be easily released to the outside.
  • the positive electrode current collector 21 A includes an electrically conductive material such as aluminum, for example.
  • the positive electrode current collector 21 A is a metal foil including aluminum or an aluminum alloy, for example.
  • the lithium-containing composite oxide has any of crystal structures including, without limitation, a layered rock-salt crystal structure and a spinel crystal structure, for example.
  • the lithium-containing phosphoric acid compound is a phosphoric acid compound including lithium and one or more of other elements as constituent elements, and has a crystal structure such as an olivine crystal structure, for example.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 21 B preferably includes, as the positive electrode active material, at least one of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, in particular.
  • the positive electrode binder includes, for example, any one or more of materials including, without limitation, a synthetic rubber and a polymer compound.
  • the positive electrode conductor includes, for example, any one or more of materials including, without limitation, a carbon material.
  • the carbon material include graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, and Ketjen black. Note that the positive electrode conductor may be any of electrically conductive materials, and may be, for example, a metal material or an electrically conductive polymer.
  • the microparticles are formed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector 22 A by an electrolytic method in an electrolyzer. This provides the surface of the negative electrode current collector 22 A with asperities.
  • a copper foil produced by the electrolytic method is generally called an electrolytic copper foil.
  • a concentration of LiBF 4 in the electrolytic solution is preferably higher than or equal to 0.001 (wt %) and lower than or equal to 0.1 (wt %).
  • a columnar winding core having a sectional shape that gradually changes from elliptical to circular along the height direction is used as a jig, and the stacked body S 20 is wound around the columnar winding core.
  • the fixing tape 46 is attached to an outermost wind of the stacked body S 20 wound in the spiral shape, following which the winding core is removed.
  • the electrode wound body 20 is thus obtained as illustrated in part (A) of FIG. 8 .
  • the stacked body S 20 may be wound around a circular columnar winding core having a sectional shape that is circular, and the winding core may be removed, following which a slight pressure may be applied to a portion of the wound stacked body S 20 in the height direction by a jig such as a clamp to thereby obtain the electrode wound body 20 having the flattenings FT 1 and FT 2 that are predetermined.
  • a jig such as a clamp
  • a portion of the upper end face 41 and a portion of the lower end face 42 of the electrode wound body 20 are each locally bent by pressing an end of, for example, a 0.5-millimeter-thick flat plate against each of the upper end face 41 and the lower end face 42 perpendicularly, that is, in the Z-axis direction.
  • grooves 43 are formed to extend radiately in radial directions (the R directions) from the through hole 26 .
  • the number and arrangement of the grooves 43 illustrated in part (B) of FIG. 8 are merely an example, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • substantially equal pressures are applied to the upper end face 41 and the lower end face 42 in substantially perpendicular directions from above and below the electrode wound body 20 at substantially the same time.
  • a rod-shaped jig is placed in the through hole 26 in advance.
  • the positive electrode edge parts 212 E of the positive electrode exposed region 212 positioned at the upper end face 41 are caused to bend toward the through hole 26 while overlapping each other, and the negative electrode edge parts 222 E of the negative electrode exposed region 222 positioned at the lower end face 42 are caused to bend toward the through hole 26 while overlapping each other.
  • the fan-shaped part 31 of the positive electrode current collector plate 24 is joined to the upper end face 41 by a method such as laser welding, and the fan-shaped part 33 of the negative electrode current collector plate 25 is joined to the lower end face 42 by a method such as laser welding.
  • the insulating tapes 53 and 54 are attached to respective predetermined locations on the electrode wound body 20 . Thereafter, as illustrated in part (D) of FIG. 8 , the band-shaped part 32 of the positive electrode current collector plate 24 is bent and inserted through a hole 12 H of the insulating plate 12 . Further, the band-shaped part 34 of the negative electrode current collector plate 25 is bent and inserted through a hole 13 H of the insulating plate 13 .
  • the outer package can 11 is sealed with the gasket 15 , the safety valve mechanism 30 , and the battery cover 14 , through the use of the narrow part.
  • the outer package can 11 with the washer 55 attached on the battery cover 14 is covered with the outer package tube 50 , following which the outer package tube 50 is heated by, for example, applying hot air to the outer package tube 50 .
  • the outer package tube 50 is thus contracted and closely attached to the outer surface of the outer package can 11 .
  • the secondary battery 1 according to the present embodiment is completed in the above-described manner.
  • the flattening FT 1 of the horizontal sectional shape of the upper part of the electrode wound body 20 is greater than the flattening FT 2 of the horizontal sectional shape of the lower part of the electrode wound body 20 (FT 1 >FT 2 ).
  • the flattening FT 2 of the lower part of the electrode wound body 20 thus being smaller than the flattening FT 1 of the upper part of the electrode wound body 20 makes it easier for the electrode wound body 20 to be placed into the outer package can 11 upon assembly of the secondary battery 1 .
  • the secondary battery 1 thus makes it possible to achieve superior vibration resistance without degrading manufacturability.
  • the secondary battery 1 employs what is called a tabless structure in which the electrode wound body 20 has no electrode tab extending in the height direction Z.
  • This allows the electrode wound body 20 to be soft and easily changeable in shape, and thus allows the flattening of the electrode wound body 20 to be easily adjustable.
  • This is preferable for achieving the electrode wound body 20 in which the horizontal sectional shape of the upper part in the height direction Z and the horizontal sectional shape of the lower part in the height direction Z are different from each other.
  • the electrode wound body 20 has the through hole 26 , instead of the winding core at the center part thereof. This is also preferable for achieving the electrode wound body 20 in which the horizontal sectional shape of the upper part in the height direction Z and the horizontal sectional shape of the lower part in the height direction Z are different from each other.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration example in which a battery according to an embodiment of the invention is applied to a battery pack 300 .
  • the battery pack 300 includes an assembled battery 301 , an outer package body 305 , a switcher 304 , a current detection resistor 307 , a temperature detection device 308 , and a controller 310 .
  • the switcher 304 includes a charge control switch 302 a and a discharge control switch 303 a .
  • the outer package body 305 contains the assembled battery 301 .
  • the battery pack 300 includes a positive electrode terminal 321 and a negative electrode terminal 322 .
  • the positive electrode terminal 321 and the negative electrode terminal 322 are respectively coupled to a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal of a charger to thereby perform charging.
  • the positive electrode terminal 321 and the negative electrode terminal 322 are respectively coupled to a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal of the electronic equipment to thereby perform discharging.
  • the discharge control switch 303 a is so controlled by the controller 310 that when the battery voltage reaches an overdischarge detection voltage, the discharge control switch 303 a is turned off to thereby prevent the discharge current from flowing through the current path of the assembled battery 301 . After the discharge control switch 303 a is turned off, only charging is enabled through the diode 303 b . Further, the discharge control switch 303 a is so controlled by the controller 310 that when a large current flows upon discharging, the discharge control switch 303 a is turned off to thereby block the discharge current flowing through the current path of the assembled battery 301 .
  • the switch controller 314 transmits a control signal to the switcher 304 to thereby prevent overcharging and overdischarging, and overcurrent charging and discharging.
  • the overcharge detection voltage is determined to be, for example, 4.20 V ⁇ 0.05 V
  • the overdischarge detection voltage is determined to be, for example, 2.4 V ⁇ 0.1 V.
  • control signals CO and DO are set to a high level to turn off the charge control switch 302 a and the discharge control switch 303 a.
  • a memory 317 includes a RAM and a ROM.
  • the memory 317 includes an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) as a nonvolatile memory.
  • EPROM erasable programmable read only memory
  • values including, without limitation, numerical values calculated by the controller 310 and a battery's internal resistance value of each of the secondary batteries 301 a in an initial state measured in the manufacturing process stage are stored in advance and are rewritable on an as-needed basis. Further, by storing a full charge capacity of the secondary battery 301 a , it is possible to calculate, for example, a remaining capacity with the controller 310 .
  • a temperature detector 318 measures a temperature with use of the temperature detection device 308 , performs charge and discharge control upon abnormal heat generation, and performs correction in calculating the remaining capacity.
  • Examples of the electronic equipment include laptop personal computers, smartphones, tablet terminals, PDAs (i.e., mobile information terminals), mobile phones, wearable terminals, cordless phone handsets, hand-held video recording and playback devices, digital still cameras, electronic books, electronic dictionaries, music players, radios, headphones, game machines, navigation systems, memory cards, pacemakers, hearing aids, electric tools, electric shavers, refrigerators, air conditioners, televisions, stereos, water heaters, microwave ovens, dishwashers, washing machines, dryers, lighting equipment, toys, medical equipment, robots, road conditioners, and traffic lights.
  • PDAs i.e., mobile information terminals
  • mobile phones i.e., mobile information terminals
  • wearable terminals i.e., cordless phone handsets
  • hand-held video recording and playback devices digital still cameras
  • electronic books electronic dictionaries
  • music players radios
  • headphones game machines
  • navigation systems memory cards
  • pacemakers hearing aids
  • electric tools electric shavers
  • refrigerators air conditioners
  • Examples of the electric vehicle include railway vehicles, golf carts, electric carts, and electric automobiles including hybrid electric automobiles.
  • the secondary battery is usable as a driving power source or an auxiliary power source for any of these electric vehicles.
  • Examples of the electric power storage apparatuses include an electric power storage power source for architectural structures including residential houses, or for power generation facilities.
  • the applied coating material was dried to thereby form the insulating layers 101 each having a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 8 ⁇ m.
  • the positive electrode active material layers 21 B were compression-molded by means of a roll pressing machine.
  • the positive electrode 21 including the positive electrode covered region 211 and the positive electrode exposed region 212 was thus obtained.
  • the positive electrode 21 was sheared to make the positive electrode covered region 211 have a width of 60 mm in the W-axis direction, and to make the positive electrode exposed region 212 have a width of 7 mm in the W-axis direction.
  • a length of the positive electrode 21 in the L-axis direction was set to 1700 mm.
  • the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 were stacked, with the first separator member 23 A and the second separator member 23 B on the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 , respectively, to cause the positive electrode exposed region 212 and the first part 222 A of the negative electrode exposed region 222 to be on opposite sides to each other in the W-axis direction.
  • the stacked body S 20 was thereby fabricated.
  • the stacked body S 20 was fabricated not to allow the positive electrode active material layers 21 B to protrude from the negative electrode active material layers 22 B in the W-axis direction.
  • As each of the first separator member 23 A and the second separator member 23 B used was a polyethylene sheet having a width of 65 mm and a thickness of 14 ⁇ m.
  • a battery pack including:

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