US20240123297A1 - Golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads - Google Patents
Golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads Download PDFInfo
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- US20240123297A1 US20240123297A1 US18/392,135 US202318392135A US2024123297A1 US 20240123297 A1 US20240123297 A1 US 20240123297A1 US 202318392135 A US202318392135 A US 202318392135A US 2024123297 A1 US2024123297 A1 US 2024123297A1
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Images
Classifications
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- A63B53/0408—Heads characterised by specific dimensions, e.g. thickness
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- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
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- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
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- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
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- A63B53/047—Heads iron-type
- A63B53/0475—Heads iron-type with one or more enclosed cavities
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
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- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
- A63B60/52—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like with slits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
- A63B60/54—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like with means for damping vibrations
Abstract
Embodiments of golf club heads, golf clubs, and methods to manufacture golf club heads and golf clubs are described herein. In one example, a golf club head includes a body portion with a front opening and a back opening, a face portion closing the front opening, and a back cover portion that closes the back opening and includes at least 50% of the total area of the back portion, a first port, and a second port. A first mass portion and a second mass portion engage the first port and the second port to close the first port and a second port, respectively. The first mass portion and the second mass portion each includes a material with a greater density than the material of the body portion and the material of the back cover portion. Other examples and embodiments may be described and claimed.
Description
- The present disclosure may be subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the present disclosure and its related documents, as they appear in the Patent and Trademark Office patent files or records, but otherwise reserves all applicable copyrights.
- This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 17/750,053, filed May 20, 2022, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 17/545,708, filed Dec. 8, 2021, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,369,847, which claims the benefits of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/171,481, filed Apr. 6, 2021, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/135,426, filed Jan. 8, 2021.
- U.S. application Ser. No. 17/545,708 is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 17/099,362, filed Nov. 16, 2020, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,291,890, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 16/820,136, filed Mar. 16, 2020, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,874,919, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 16/590,105, filed Oct. 1, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,632,349, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/908,467, filed Sep. 30, 2019, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/903,467, filed Sep. 20, 2019, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/877,934, filed Jul. 24, 2019, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/877,915, filed Jul. 24, 2019, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/865,532, filed Jun. 24, 2019, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/826,310, filed Mar. 29, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/814,959, filed Mar. 7, 2019.
- The disclosures of the above-referenced applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
- The present disclosure generally relates to golf equipment, and more particularly, to golf club heads and methods to manufacturing golf club heads.
- Various materials (e.g., steel-based materials, titanium-based materials, tungsten-based materials, etc.) may be used to manufacture golf club heads. By using multiple materials to manufacture golf club heads, the position of the center of gravity (CG) and/or the moment of inertia (MOI) of the golf club heads may be optimized to produce certain trajectory and spin rate of a golf ball.
-
FIG. 1 depicts a golf club head having a golf club according to any embodiment of the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein. -
FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 depict a perspective front view, a perspective back view, a perspective cross-sectional view (along line 4-4 ofFIG. 3 ), a perspective cross-sectional view (along line 5-5 ofFIG. 3 ), a perspective cross-sectional view (along line 6-6 ofFIG. 3 ), a perspective front view illustrated without a face portion, another perspective front view illustrated without a face portion, another perspective front view illustrated without a face portion, a perspective cross-sectional view (along line 10-10 ofFIG. 2 ), a perspective cross-sectional view (along line 11-11 ofFIG. 2 ), and a perspective cross-sectional view (along line 12-12 ofFIG. 2 ), respectively, of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein. -
FIG. 13 depicts a back view of a face portion of a golf club head according to any embodiment of the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein. -
FIG. 14 depicts a manner in which an example golf club head described herein may be manufactured. -
FIGS. 15 and 16 depict schematic cross-sectional views of two example face portions of a golf club head according to embodiments of the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein. -
FIG. 17 depicts a top view of a mass portion of a golf club head according to an embodiment of the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein. -
FIGS. 18 and 19 depict side views of two example mass portions of a golf club head according to embodiments of the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein. -
FIGS. 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, and 33 depict a front view, a back view, a heel side view, a toe side view, a cross-sectional view taken at line 24-24 ofFIG. 21 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 25-25 ofFIG. 21 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 26-26 ofFIG. 21 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 27-27 ofFIG. 20 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 28-28 ofFIG. 20 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 29-29 ofFIG. 20 , a front view without a face portion, a view of an inner side of a back cover portion, a back view without the back cover portion, and a view of an outer side of the back cover portion, respectively, of a golf club head according to any embodiment of the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein. -
FIGS. 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, and 50 depict a front view, a back view, a cross-sectional view taken at line 36-36 ofFIG. 34 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 37-37 ofFIG. 34 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 38-38 ofFIG. 34 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 39-39 ofFIG. 35 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 40-40 ofFIG. 35 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 41-41 ofFIG. 35 , a mass portion, another mass portion, yet another mass portion, a back view without a back cover portion, a view of an outer side of the back cover portion, a toe-side view of the back cover portion, a front view without a face portion, a view of an inner side of a back cover portion, and a heel-side view of the back cover portion, respectively, of a golf club head according to any embodiment of the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein. -
FIGS. 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, and 64 depict a front view, a back view, a cross-sectional view taken at line 53-53 ofFIG. 52 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 54-54 ofFIG. 52 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 55-55 ofFIG. 52 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 56-56 ofFIG. 51 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 57-57 ofFIG. 51 , a cross-sectional view taken at line 58-58 ofFIG. 51 , a back view without a back cover portion, a toe-side view of the back cover portion, a view of an outer side of the back cover portion, a front view without a face portion, a heel-side view of the back cover portion, and a view of an inner side of a back cover portion, respectively, of a golf club head according to any embodiment of the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein. -
FIG. 65 depicts a manner in which an example golf club head described herein may be manufactured. -
FIG. 66 depicts a manner in which an example golf club head described herein may be manufactured. - For simplicity and clarity of illustration, the drawing figures illustrate the general manner of construction, and descriptions and details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present disclosure. Additionally, elements in the drawing figures may not be depicted to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help improve understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure.
- The following U.S. Patents and Patent Applications, which are collectively referred to herein as “the incorporated by reference publications,” are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety: U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,961,336; 9,199,143; 9,421,437; 9,427,634; 9,468,821; 9,533,201; 9,610,481; 9,649,542; 9,675,853; 9,814,952; 9,878,220; 10,029,158; 10,029,159; 10,159,876; 10,232,235; 10,265,590; 10,279,233; 10,286,267; 10,293,229; 10,449,428; 10,478,684; 10,512,829; 10,596,424; 10,596,425; 10,632,349; 10,716,978; 10,729,948; 10,729,949; 10,814,193; 10,821,339; 10,821,340; 10,828,538; 10,864,414; 10,874,919; 10,874,921; 10,905,920; 10,933,286; 10,940,375; 11,058,932; 11,097,168; 11,117,030; 11,141,633; 11,154,755; and 11,173,359; and U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 20170282026; 20170282027; 20170368429; 20180050243; 20180050244; 20180133567; 20180140910; 20180140910; 20180169488; 20180169488; 20180221727; 20180236325; 20190232125; 20190232126; 20190240549; 20190247727; 20190247727; 20200171363; 20210023422; 20210086044; 20210197037; and 20210197037.
- In the example of
FIGS. 1-14 , agolf club 100 may include agolf club head 200, ashaft 104, and agrip 106. Thegolf club head 200 may be attached to one end of theshaft 104 and thegrip 106 may be attached to the opposite end of theshaft 104. An individual can hold thegrip 106 and swing thegolf club head 200 with theshaft 104 to strike a golf ball (not illustrated). Thegolf club head 200 may include abody portion 210 having a toe portion 240 with a toe portion edge 242, aheel portion 250 with aheel portion edge 252 that may include ahosel portion 255 configured to receive a shaft (anexample shaft 104 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ) with a grip (anexample grip 106 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ) on one end and thegolf club head 200 on the opposite end of the shaft to form a golf club (anexample golf club 100 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ), afront portion 260 with aperimeter edge portion 261, aback portion 270 with aback wall portion 272, atop portion 280 with atop portion edge 282, and a sole portion 290 with asole portion edge 292. The toe portion edge 242, theheel portion edge 252, thetop portion edge 282, and thesole portion edge 292 may define a periphery of thebody portion 210. The toe portion 240, theheel portion 250, thefront portion 260, theback portion 270, thetop portion 280, and/or the sole portion 290 may partially overlap each other. For example, a portion of the toe portion 240 may overlap portion(s) of thefront portion 260, theback portion 270, thetop portion 280, and/or the sole portion 290. In a similar manner, a portion of theheel portion 250 may overlap portion(s) of thefront portion 260, theback portion 270, thetop portion 280, and/or the sole portion 290. In another example, a portion of theback portion 270 may overlap portion(s) of the toe portion 240, theheel portion 250, thetop portion 280, and/or the sole portion 290. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
golf club head 200 may include a face portion 262 (i.e., the strike face), which may be integrally formed with the body portion 210 (e.g., a single unitary piece). In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 2-13 , theface portion 262 may be a separate piece coupled (e.g., adhesively, mechanically, by welding, and/or by soldering) to thefront portion 260. Theface portion 262 may include afront surface 264 and aback surface 266. In one example (not illustrated), thefront portion 260 may include one or a plurality of recessed shoulders configured to receive theface portion 262 for attachment of theface portion 262 to thebody portion 210. In another example, as illustrated inFIGS. 2-13 , theback surface 266 may include aperimeter portion 267 that may be attached to aperimeter edge portion 261 of thebody portion 210. Theperimeter portion 267 of theface portion 262 may be attached to theperimeter edge portion 261 of thebody portion 210 by one or more fasteners, one or more adhesive or bonding agents, and/or welding or soldering. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 2-13 , theperimeter portion 267 of theface portion 262 may be welded to theperimeter edge portion 261 of thebody portion 210 at one or more locations. Alternatively, theentire perimeter portion 267 of theface portion 262 may be welded to the entireperimeter edge portion 261 of the body portion 210 (i.e., a continuous weld). Theface portion 262 may include aball strike region 268 to strike a golf ball. In one example, the center of theball strike region 268 may be ageometric center 263 of theface portion 262. In another example, thegeometric center 263 of theface portion 262 may be offset from a center of theball strike region 268. In one example, thegeometric center 263 and one or more regions near and/or surrounding the geometric center within theball strike region 268 may provide a generally optimum location (i.e., optimum ball distance, ball speed, ball spin characteristics, etc.) on theface portion 262 for striking a golf ball. In yet another example, any location at or near thegeometric center 263 and within theball strike region 268 may provide a generally optimum location on theface portion 262 for striking a golf ball. However, a ball may be struck with any portion of theface portion 262 within theball strike region 268 or outside theball strike region 268 for any of the golf club heads described herein resulting in certain ball flight characteristics different from an on-center hit that may be preferred by an individual. The configuration of theface portion 262 and the attachment of the face portion 262 (e.g., welding) to thebody portion 210 may be similar in many respects to any of the golf club heads described herein and/or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
golf club head 200 may be associated with aground plane 510, ahorizontal midplane 520, and atop plane 530. In particular, theground plane 510 may be a plane that is parallel or substantially parallel to the ground and is tangent to the lowest portion of thesole portion edge 292 when thegolf club head 200 is at an address position (e.g., thegolf club head 200 aligned to strike a golf ball). Atop plane 530 may be a plane that is tangent to the upper most portion oftop portion edge 282 when thegolf club head 200 is at the address position. The ground andtop planes horizontal midplane 520 may be vertically halfway between the ground andtop planes golf club head 200 may be associated with aloft plane 540 defining a loft angle 545 (a) of thegolf club head 200. Theloft plane 540 may be a plane that is tangent to theface portion 262. Theloft angle 545 may be defined by an angle between theloft plane 540 and avertical plane 550 normal to theground plane 510. - The
body portion 210 may be a hollow body including aninterior cavity 310 havinginner walls 312. Theinterior cavity 310 may extend between thefront portion 260, theback portion 270, thetop portion 280, and the sole portion 290. In the example ofFIGS. 2-13 , theinterior cavity 310 of thebody portion 210 may be enclosed with and partially defined with theface portion 262. The configuration of the interior cavity 310 (e.g., height, width, volume, shape, etc.), the configuration of theinterior cavity 310 relative to the body portion 210 (e.g., volume of theinterior cavity 310 relative to the volume of body portion 210), the width and height variation of theinterior cavity 310, and access to theinterior cavity 310 from one or more ports on thebody portion 210 may be similar to any of the golf club heads described herein and/or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
back wall portion 272 of theback portion 270 may include an upperback wall portion 612 and a lowerback wall portion 614. Theback wall portion 272 may include aledge portion 616 that may extend between the toe portion edge 242 and theheel portion edge 252 in a continuous or discontinuous manner. The lowerback wall portion 614 may be located farther back on thebody portion 210 than the upperback wall portion 612, with theledge portion 616 defining a transition portion between the upperback wall portion 612 and the lowerback wall portion 614. Accordingly, theledge portion 616 may extend transverse to the upperback wall portion 612 and the lowerback wall portion 614. In one example, as illustrated inFIG. 2-13 , theledge portion 616 may include afirst ledge portion 626 and asecond ledge portion 636. Thefirst ledge portion 626 may extend on the back wall portion from the toe portion edge 242 to a center portion of the back wall backwall portion 272. Thesecond ledge portion 636 may extend from the center portion of theback wall portion 272 to theheel portion edge 252. As illustrated inFIGS. 2-13 , theledge portion 616 may provide for a relatively greater mass of thebody portion 210 below thehorizontal midplane 520, and the mass of thebody portion 210 below thehorizontal midplane 520 to be moved farther back on thebody portion 210. The width of theledge portion 616 may be greater than, equal to, or less than the width of the interior cavity at certain locations of thebody portion 210. The configuration of the ledge portion 616 (e.g., width, segments, tapering, shape, etc.) and the properties of theledge portion 616 relative to the width of the interior cavity may be similar to any ledge portion or similar structure of any of the golf club heads described herein and/or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
body portion 210 may include one or more ports, which may be exterior ports and/or interior ports (e.g., located inside the body portion 210). Theinner walls 312 of theinterior cavity 310 may include one or more ports (not illustrated). In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 2-13 , theback portion 270 may include one or more ports along or proximate to the periphery of thebody portion 210. For example, thebody portion 210 may include a first set of ports 320 (e.g., illustrated asports 321 and 322) above thehorizontal midplane 520, a second set of ports 330 (e.g., illustrated asports 331 and 332) below thehorizontal midplane 520, a third set of ports 340 (e.g., illustrated asports horizontal midplane 520, and a fourth set of ports 350 (e.g., illustrated asports 351 and 352) below thehorizontal midplane 520. The locations, spacing relative to other ports, and any other configuration of each port of the first set ofports 320, the second set ofports 330, the third set ofports 340, and/or the fourth set ofports 350 may be similar in many respects to any of the ports described herein or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. Further, any one or more of the ports of the first set ofports 320, the second set ofports 330, the third set ofports 340, and/or the fourth set ofports 350 may be connected tointerior cavity 310 through which one or more filler materials may be injected into theinterior cavity 310. In the example ofFIGS. 2-13 , theports interior cavity 310 viaopenings - The
body portion 210 may include one or more mass portions (e.g., weight portion(s)), which may be integral mass portion(s) or separate mass portion(s) that may be coupled to thebody portion 210. In the illustrated example as illustrated inFIGS. 2-13 , thebody portion 210 may include a first set of mass portions 420 (e.g., illustrated asmass portions 421 and 422), a second set of mass portions 430 (e.g., illustrated asmass portions 431 and 432), a third set of mass portions 440 (e.g., illustrated asmass portions mass portions 451 and 452). While the above example may describe a particular number or portions of mass portions, a set of mass portions may include a single mass portion, or a plurality of mass portions as described herein and in any of the incorporated by reference publications. For example, any one or a combination of adjacent sets of mass portions of the first set ofmass portions 420 may be a single mass portion, the second set ofmass portions 430 may be a single mass portion, the third set ofmass portions 440 may be a single mass portion, and/or the fourth set ofmass portions 450 may be a single mass portion. Further, the first set ofmass portions 420, the second set ofmass portions 430, the third set ofmass portions 440, and/or the fourth set ofmass portions 450 may be a portion of the physical structure of thebody portion 210. The mass portions of the first set ofmass portions 420, the second set ofmass portions 430, the third set ofmass portions 440, and/or the fourth set ofmass portions 450 may be similar to any of the mass portions described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
interior cavity 310 may be partially or entirely filled with one or more filler materials (i.e., a cavity filling material), which may include one or more similar or different types of materials. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 2-13 , theinterior cavity 310 may be filled with afirst filler material 512 and asecond filler material 514. In one example, thefirst filler material 512 may be a rubber or rubber compound, and thesecond filler material 514 may be an epoxy-type of material. In another example, thefirst filler material 512 and/or thesecond filler material 514 may be different polymer materials. Thefirst filler material 512 and thesecond filler material 514 may be similar to any of the filler materials described herein or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. Thefirst filler material 512 and/or thesecond filler material 514 may be coupled to all or portions of theinner walls 312 of theinterior cavity 310. In one example, thefirst filler material 512 and/or thesecond filler material 514 may have inherent adhesive or bonding properties to attach to all or portions of theinner walls 312. In another example, thefirst filler material 512 and/or the second filler material may be attached to all or portions of theinner walls 312 with one or more bonding agents or adhesives that may be mixed with thefirst filler material 512 and/or thesecond filler material 514, respectively. In another example, thefirst filler material 512 and/or thesecond filler material 514 may be attached to all or portions of theinner walls 312 with one or more bonding agents or adhesives that may be separate from thefirst filler material 512 and/or thesecond filler material 514, respectively. The amount (i.e., volume and/or mass) of thefirst filler material 512 and/or thesecond filler material 514 may be determined for each golf club head (i.e., having a certain loft angle) to (i) provide vibration dampening or sound dampening (e.g., consistent and/or pleasing sound and feel when thegolf club head 200 strikes a golf ball as perceived by an individual using the golf club head 200), (ii) provide structural support for theface portion 262, and/or (iii) optimize ball travel distance, ball speed, ball launch angle, ball spin rate, ball peak height, ball landing angle and/or ball dispersion. Details regarding thefiller materials filler materials body portion 210 and each other, material compositions and/or physical properties of thefiller materials filler materials interior cavity 310 may be provided in detail in any of the incorporated by reference publications, and in particular, in U.S. Pat. No. 10,632,349, which is incorporated by reference herein. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In the example of
FIGS. 2-13 , a portion of theinterior cavity 310 including acentral portion 311 of theinterior cavity 310, which may be a portion of theinterior cavity 310 that may generally correspond to theball strike region 268, may be include thefirst filler material 512 and thesecond filler material 514. Thewidth 313 of theinterior cavity 310 at thecentral portion 311 of theinterior cavity 310 may be generally greater than thewidth 313 of theinterior cavity 310 at other portions of theinterior cavity 310. Accordingly, the region of theinterior cavity 310 behind theball strike region 268, i.e., thecentral portion 311, may include a relatively large volume of thefirst filler material 512 and/or thesecond filler material 514. Further, the configuration of the central portion 311 (i.e., size, shape, contour, volume, etc.) may depend on theloft angle 545. For example, agolf club head 200 with a relatively small loft angle may have a larger central portion 311 (i.e., larger volume, depth, height, etc.) than agolf club head 200 with a relatively large loft angle. Accordingly, as described herein, the amount offirst filler material 512 and/or thesecond filler material 514 inside theinterior cavity 310, and more specifically, in thecentral portion 311 may be determined based on theloft angle 545 to provide (i) provide vibration dampening or sound dampening (e.g., consistent and/or pleasing sound and feel when thegolf club head 200 strikes a golf ball as perceived by an individual using the golf club head 200), (ii) provide structural support for theface portion 262, and/or (iii) optimize ball travel distance, ball speed, ball launch angle, ball spin rate, ball peak height, ball landing angle and/or ball dispersion. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The contour of the
interior cavity 310 or the shape of theinner walls 312 may be defined by a plurality of recessed portions that may be recessed relative to theperimeter edge portion 261. In the example ofFIGS. 2-13 , theinterior cavity 310 may include a first recessedportion 314, a second recessedportion 315 that may have a generally smaller depth (i.e., defined by theinterior cavity width 313 as viewed in cross section inFIGS. 5-40 ) relative to the first recessedportion 314, a third recessedportion 316 that may have a generally smaller depth than the second recessedportion 315, a fourth recessedportion 317 that may have a generally smaller depth than the third recessedportion 316, and a fifth recessedportion 318 that may have a generally smaller depth than the fourth recessedportion 317. Theinterior cavity 310 may have more or less recessed portions. Theinterior cavity 310 may include a firstinternal channel 325 that may extend from a location at the toe portion 240 to thecentral portion 311, and a secondinternal channel 326 that may extend from a location at theheel portion 250 to thecentral portion 311. The first recessedportion 314, the second recessedportion 315, the third recessedportion 316, the fourth recessedportion 317, the fifth recessedportion 318, the firstinternal channel 325, the secondinternal channel 326, and/or any transition regions therebetween may be described in detail in one or more of the incorporated by reference publications, and in particular, in U.S. Pat. No. 10,632,349, which is incorporated by reference herein. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, as illustrated in
FIGS. 2-13 , the first recessedportion 314, the second recessedportion 315, the third recessedportion 316, and theinternal channels first filler material 512, whereas the remaining portions of theinterior cavity 310 may be filled with thesecond filler material 514. In another example, the first recessedportion 314, the second recessedportion 315, and theinternal channels first filler material 512, whereas the remaining portions of theinterior cavity 310 may be filled with thesecond filler material 514. In another example, the first recessedportion 314, the second recessedportion 315, theinternal channels portion 316 and the fifth recessedportion 318 may be filled with thefirst filler material 512, whereas the remaining portions of theinterior cavity 310 may be filled with thesecond filler material 514. In yet another example, the entireinterior cavity 310 may be filled with thefirst filler material 512 or the first filler material. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - A width 522 (WF1) of the
first filler material 512 and the width 524 (WF2) of thesecond filler material 514 may vary from the toe portion 240 to theheel portion 250 and/or from thetop portion 280 to the sole portion 290 and/or according to the shapes of the first recessedportion 314, the second recessedportion 315, the third recessedportion 316, the fourth recessedportion 317, and/or the fifth recessedportion 318 depending on the location inside theinterior cavity 310. The width 522 of thefirst filler material 512 and thewidth 524 of thesecond filler material 514 as related to the physical properties, ball strike and trajectory characteristics, and configuration of the golf club head 200 (e.g., loft angle) may be provided in detail in any of the incorporated by reference publications, and in particular, in U.S. Pat. No. 10,632,349, which is incorporated by reference herein. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, as illustrated in
FIG. 13 , theback surface 266 of theface portion 262 may include one or more grooves proximate to theperimeter portion 267 of theface portion 262. In one example, as illustrated inFIG. 13 , agroove 269 may be a continuous groove (i.e., defining a loop) extending in a path similar to the path of theperimeter portion 267 proximate to theperimeter portion 267. Thegroove 269 may include a relatively thinner portion of theface portion 262. Accordingly, thegroove 269 may increase the flexibility of theface portion 262 so that when a golf ball strikes theface portion 262, theface portion 262 provides a greater rebound (i.e., a greater trampoline effect), and hence may provide a greater velocity for the golf ball. All or portions of thegroove 269 may be filled with thefirst filler material 512 and/orsecond filler material 514. In the example of thegolf club head 200, all of thegroove 269 may be filled with thesecond filler material 514. Accordingly, thesecond filler material 514 may structurally support the relatively thinner portions of theface portion 262 defined by thegroove 269. In another example, a plurality of separate grooves (not illustrated) may be provided on theback surface 266 of theface portion 262 at certain locations proximate to theperimeter portion 267 to provide a certain rebound effect for theface portion 262. In yet another example, a continuous groove similar to thegroove 269 and/or a plurality of separate grooves (not illustrated) may be provided at certain locations between theperimeter portion 267 and thegeometric center 263 on theback surface 266 of theface portion 262 to provide a certain rebound effect for theface portion 262. The face portion of any of the golf club heads described herein may include thegroove 269. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - As described herein, the
face portion 262 may be relatively thin to provide increased bending and deflection of theface portion 262 during a golf ball strike. Further, theface portion 262 may include one or more grooves such as thegroove 269 on theback surface 266 of theface portion 262 as described herein to further increase the flexibility of theface portion 262. Thesecond filler material 514 may be a polymer material with a relatively high strength and stiffness to provide structural support and stability for theface portion 262 to prevent failure of theface portion 262 during a golf ball strike or repeated golf ball strikes (i.e., face portion fatigue). As described herein, thesecond filler material 514 may be an epoxy-type of material. Thesecond filler material 514 may also have a relatively high COR as described herein to provide a rebound effect for theface portion 262 after a golf ball strike. As further described herein, thefirst filler material 512 may be a rubber-type of compound with a lower strength and stiffness (i.e., softer or less rigid) than thesecond filler material 514 and a higher COR than thesecond filler material 514. Accordingly, thefirst filler material 512 may provide additional structural support for theface portion 262. Further, the relatively higher COR of thefirst filler material 512 may allow thefirst filler material 512 to store the energy from a golf ball strike and to release a substantial amount of the energy back to the golf ball (i.e., without losing much impact energy) by providing a relatively large rebound effect for theface portion 262. Additionally, the different material properties of thefirst filler material 512 and thesecond filler material 514 as described herein may provide sound and vibration dampening at different frequency ranges to provide a pleasant sound and feel for an individual. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. -
FIG. 14 depicts one manner by which thegolf club head 200 or any of the golf club heads described herein may be manufactured. In the example ofFIG. 14 , theprocess 1400 may begin with providing abody portion 210 and aface portion 262 of a golf club head 200 (block 1410). Thefirst filler material 512 may be coupled to the interior cavity 310 (block 1420). In one example, thefirst filler material 512 may be formed in one or more recessed portions as described herein (i.e., any of the recessed portions described herein) of theinterior cavity 310 by injection molding. Thefirst filler material 512 may then cure at ambient temperature or by one or more heating/cooling cycles depending on the material used for thefirst filler material 512. In another example, thefirst filler material 512 may be molded into the shape of one or more recessed portions as described herein and then coupled to the one or more recessed portions with a bonding agent as described herein. Theface portion 262 may then be attached to thebody portion 210 as described herein to enclose the interior cavity 310 (block 1430). Thesecond filler material 514 may then be injected into theinterior cavity 310 through one or more of the ports of the first set ofports 320, the second set ofports 330, the third set ofports 340, and/or the fourth set ofports 350 that may be connected to theinterior cavity 310 as described herein (block 1440). Thesecond filler material 514 may then cure at ambient temperature or by one or more heating/cooling cycles depending on the material used for thesecond filler material 514. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, as illustrated in
FIG. 15 , aface portion 1562, which may be any of the face portions described herein, may have a first thickness 1510 (T1) or a second thickness 1520 (T2). Thefirst thickness 1510 may be a thickness of a section of theface portion 1562 adjacent to agroove 1568 whereas thesecond thickness 1520 may be a thickness of a section of theface portion 1562 below thegroove 1568. For example, thefirst thickness 1510 may be a maximum distance between thefront surface 1564 and theback surface 1566. Thesecond thickness 1520 may be based on thegroove 1568. In particular, thegroove 1568 may have a groove depth 1525 (Dgroove). Thesecond thickness 1520 may be a maximum distance between the bottom of thegroove 1568 and theback surface 1566. The sum of thesecond thickness 1520 and thegroove depth 1525 may be substantially equal to the first thickness 1510 (e.g., T2+Dgroove=T1). Accordingly, thesecond thickness 1520 may be less than the first thickness 1510 (e.g., T2<T1). - To lower and/or move the CG of a golf club head further back, such as the CG of any of the golf club heads described herein, mass from the front portion of a golf club head may be removed by using a relatively
thinner face portion 1562. For example, thefirst thickness 1510 or thesecond thickness 1520 may be less than or equal to 0.1 inch (2.54 millimeters). In another example, thefirst thickness 1510 or thesecond thickness 1520 may be about 0.075 inch (1.875 millimeters) (e.g., T1=0.075 inch). With the support of the back wall portion of a golf club head to form an interior cavity and filling at least a portion of the interior cavity with one or more filler materials as described herein, theface portion 1562 may be relatively thinner (e.g., T1<0.075 inch) without degrading the structural integrity, sound, and/or feel of a golf club head. In one example, thefirst thickness 1510 may be less than or equal to 0.060 inch (1.524 millimeters) (e.g., T1<0.060 inch). In another example, thefirst thickness 1510 may be less than or equal to 0.040 inch (1.016 millimeters) (e.g., T1<0.040 inch). Based on the type of material(s) used to form theface portion 1562 and/or thebody portion 210, theface portion 1562 may be even thinner with thefirst thickness 1510 being less than or equal to 0.030 inch (0.762 millimeters) (e.g., T1<0.030 inch). Thegroove depth 1525 may be greater than or equal to the second thickness 1520 (e.g., Dgroove>T2). In one example, thegroove depth 1525 may be about 0.020 inch (0.508 millimeters) (e.g., Dgroove=0.020 inch). Accordingly, thesecond thickness 1520 may be about 0.010 inch (0.254 millimeters) (e.g., T2=0.010 inch). In another example, thegroove depth 1525 may be about 0.015 inch (0.381 millimeters), and thesecond thickness 1520 may be about 0.015 inch (e.g., Dgroove=T2=0.015 inch). Alternatively, thegroove depth 1525 may be less than the second thickness 1520 (e.g., Dgroove<T2). Without the support of the back wall portion of a golf club head and one or more filler materials used to fill in the interior cavity, the golf club head may not be able to withstand multiple impacts by a golf ball on a face portion. In contrast, a golf club head with a relatively thin face portion but without the support of the back wall portion and the one or more filler materials as described herein (e.g., a cavity-back golf club head) may produce unpleasant sound (e.g., a tinny sound) and/or feel during impact with a golf ball. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - Based on manufacturing processes and methods used to form a golf club head such as any of the golf club heads described herein, the
face portion 1562 may include additional material at or proximate to a periphery of theface portion 1562. Accordingly, theface portion 1562 may also include athird thickness 1530, and achamfer portion 1540. Thethird thickness 1530 may be greater than either thefirst thickness 1510 or the second thickness 1520 (e.g., T3>T1>T2). In particular, theface portion 1562 may be coupled to the body portion of a golf club head by a welding process. For example, thefirst thickness 1510 may be about 0.030 inch (0.762 millimeters), thesecond thickness 1520 may be about 0.015 inch (0.381 millimeters), and thethird thickness 1530 may be about 0.050 inch (1.27 millimeters). Accordingly, thechamfer portion 1540 may accommodate some of the additional material when theface portion 1562 is welded to the body portion of the golf club head. - As illustrated in
FIG. 16 , for example, theface portion 1562 may include a reinforcement section, which is generally illustrated asreinforcement section 1605, below one ormore grooves 1568. In one example, theface portion 1562 may include areinforcement section 1605 below each groove. Alternatively,face portion 1562 may include thereinforcement section 1605 below some grooves (e.g., every other groove) or below only one groove. Theface portion 1562 may include afirst thickness 1610, asecond thickness 1620, athird thickness 1630, and achamfer portion 1640. Thegroove 1568 may have agroove depth 1625. Thereinforcement section 1605 may define thesecond thickness 1620. The first andsecond thicknesses second thicknesses groove depth 1625 may be about 0.015 inch (0.381 millimeters), and thethird thickness 1630 may be about 0.050 inch (1.27 millimeters). Thegroove 1568 may also have a groove width. The width of thereinforcement section 1605 may be greater than or equal to the groove width. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - Alternatively, the
face portion 1562 may vary in thickness at and/or between the top portion and the sole portion of a golf club head. In one example, theface portion 1562 may be relatively thicker at or proximate to the top portion than at or proximate to the sole portion (e.g., thickness of theface portion 1562 may taper from the top portion towards the sole portion). In another example, theface portion 1562 may be relatively thicker at or proximate to the sole portion than at or proximate to the top portion (e.g., thickness of theface portion 1562 may taper from the sole portion towards the top portion). In yet another example, theface portion 1562 may be relatively thicker between the top portion and the sole portion than at or proximate to the top portion and the sole portion (e.g., thickness of theface portion 1562 may have a bell-shaped contour). Theface portion 1562 may be similar to any of the face portions described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - One or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may have similar or different physical properties (e.g., color, marking, shape, size, density, mass, volume, external surface texture, materials of construction, etc.). In the illustrated example as illustrated in
FIG. 17 , one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may have a cylindrical shape (e.g., a circular cross section). Alternatively, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may have similar or different shapes relative to one or more other mass portions of the set of mass portions. In another example, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may have a different color(s), marking(s), shape(s), density or densities, mass(es), volume(s), material(s) of construction, external surface texture(s), and/or any other physical property as compared to one or more mass portions of another one of the sets of mass portions as described herein. The properties of any of the mass portions and sets of mass portions described herein may be similar to any of the mass portions and sets of mass portions described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - Referring to
FIGS. 18 and 19 , for example, afirst mass portion 1800 and asecond mass portion 1900 may include threads, generally illustrated asthreads 1810 andthreads 1910, respectively, to engage with correspondingly configured threads in ports on the to secure in the ports as described herein. Accordingly, one or more mass portions as described herein may be shaped similar to and function as a screw or threaded fastener for engaging threads in a port. For example, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may be a screw. One or more mass portions of any of the mass portions described herein may not be readily removable from the body portion of a golf club head with or without a tool. Alternatively, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may be readily removable (e.g., with a tool) so that a relatively heavier or lighter mass portion may replace one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein. In another example, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may be secured in the ports with epoxy or adhesive so that the mass portions may not be readily removable. In yet another example, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may be secured in the ports with both threads and thread sealant (e.g., acrylic adhesive, cyanoacrylate adhesive, epoxy, thermoplastic adhesive, silicone sealant, or urethane adhesive) so that the mass portions may not be readily removable. In yet another example, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may be press fit in a port. In yet another example, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may be formed inside a port by injection molding. For example, a liquid metallic material (i.e., molten metal) or a plastic material (e.g., rubber, foam, or any polymer material) may be injected or otherwise introduced into a port. After the liquid material is cooled and/or cured inside the port, the resulting solid material (e.g., a metal material, a plastic material, or a combination thereof) may form a mass portion. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - As mentioned above, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may be similar in some physical properties but different in other physical properties. For example, a mass portion may be made from an aluminum-based material or an aluminum alloy whereas another mass portion may be made from a tungsten-based material or a tungsten alloy. In another example, a mass portion may be made from a polymer material whereas another mass portion may be made from a steel-based material. In yet another example, as illustrated in
FIGS. 17-19 , one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may have adiameter 1710 of about 0.25 inch (6.35 millimeters) but one or more mass portions of another one or more sets of mass portions described herein may be different in height. In particular, one or more mass portions of any of the sets of mass portions described herein may be associated with afirst height 1820, and one or more mass portions of another one or more sets of mass portions described herein may be associated with asecond height 1920. Thefirst height 1820 may be relatively shorter than thesecond height 1920. In one example, thefirst height 1820 may be about 0.125 inch (3.175 millimeters) whereas thesecond height 1920 may be about 0.3 inch (7.62 millimeters). In another example, thefirst height 1820 may be about 0.16 inch (4.064 millimeters) whereas thesecond height 1920 may be about 0.4 inch (10.16 millimeters). Alternatively, thefirst height 1820 may be equal to or greater than thesecond height 1920. Although the above examples may describe particular dimensions, one or more mass portions described herein may have different dimensions. In one example, any of the mass portions described herein may be interchangeably used in any of the ports described herein. Any property of any of the mass portions described herein may be similar to the corresponding property of any of the mass portions described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In the example of
FIGS. 20-33 , agolf club head 2000 may include abody portion 2010 having atoe portion 2040 with atoe portion edge 2042, aheel portion 2050 with aheel portion edge 2052 that may include ahosel portion 2055 configured to receive a shaft (anexample shaft 104 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ) with a grip (anexample grip 106 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ) on one end and thegolf club head 2000 on the opposite end of the shaft to form a golf club (anexample golf club 100 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ), afront portion 2060, aback portion 2070 with aback wall portion 2072, atop portion 2080 with atop portion edge 2082, and asole portion 2090 with asole portion edge 2092. Thetoe portion 2040, theheel portion 2050, thefront portion 2060, theback portion 2070, thetop portion 2080, and/or thesole portion 2090 may partially overlap each other. Thetoe portion edge 2042, theheel portion edge 2052, thetop portion edge 2082, and thesole portion edge 2092 may define a periphery of thebody portion 2010. Thegolf club head 2000 may be any type of golf club head described herein, such as, for example, an iron-type golf club head or a wedge-type golf club head. The physical properties of thegolf club head 2000 and/or any components of the golf club head 2000 (e.g., volume, materials of construction, and mass portions) may be similar in many respects to any of the golf club heads described herein and/or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
golf club head 2000 may include a face portion 2062 (i.e., the strike face), which may be integrally formed with the body portion 2010 (e.g., a single unitary piece). In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 20-33 , thefront portion 2060 may include afront opening 2063. Theface portion 2062 may be a separate piece coupled (e.g., adhesively, mechanically, by welding, and/or by soldering) to thefront portion 2060 to close thefront opening 2063. Theface portion 2062 may include afront surface 2064 with a plurality ofgrooves 2065 and aback surface 2066. The configuration of theface portion 2062 and the attachment of the face portion 2062 (e.g., welding) to thebody portion 2010 may be similar in many respects to the configuration of theface portion 262 and the attachment of theface portion 262 to thebody portion 210, respectively, of thegolf club head 200, or the face portion and body portion configurations of any of the golf club heads described herein in or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
golf club head 2000 may be associated with aground plane 2110, ahorizontal midplane 2120, and atop plane 2130. In particular, theground plane 2110 may be a plane that is parallel or substantially parallel to the ground and is tangent to the lowest portion of thesole portion edge 2092 when thegolf club head 2000 is at an address position (e.g., thegolf club head 2000 aligned to strike a golf ball). Atop plane 2130 may be a plane that is tangent to the upper most portion oftop portion edge 2082 when thegolf club head 2000 is at the address position. Theground plane 2110 and thetop plane 2130, respectively, may be parallel or substantially parallel to each other. Thehorizontal midplane 2120 may be vertically halfway between theground plane 2110 and thetop plane 2130, respectively. Further, thegolf club head 2000 may be associated with aloft plane 2140 defining a loft angle 2145 (a) of thegolf club head 2000. Theloft plane 2140 may be a plane that is tangent to theface portion 2062. Theloft angle 2145 may be defined by an angle between theloft plane 2140 and avertical plane 2150 normal to theground plane 2110. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
body portion 2010 may be a hollow body portion with thefront opening 2063 and aback opening 2073 in theback wall portion 2072. Accordingly, thebody portion 2010 may include aninterior cavity 2020 having thefront opening 2063 and theback opening 2073. As described herein, theface portion 2062 may be attached to thefront portion 2060 to close thefront opening 2063. Thebody portion 2010 may include aback cover portion 2272 that may be attached or coupled to theback wall portion 2072 to cover and close theback opening 2073, which along with theface portion 2062 closing thefront opening 2063 enclose theinterior cavity 2020. Alternatively, thebody portion 2010 and theface portion 2062 may be manufactured together and be a single-piece integral part. Accordingly, theback cover portion 2272 may be attached to theback wall portion 2072 to enclose theinterior cavity 2020. Theinterior cavity 2020 may extend between theface portion 2062, theback wall portion 2072 and theback cover portion 2272, thetop portion 2080, and thesole portion 2090. The configuration of the interior cavity 2020 (e.g., height, width, volume, shape, etc.), the configuration of theinterior cavity 2020 relative to the body portion 2010 (e.g., volume of theinterior cavity 2020 relative to the volume of body portion 2010), the width and height variation of theinterior cavity 2020, and access to theinterior cavity 2020 from one or more ports on thebody portion 2010 may be similar to any of the golf club heads described herein and/or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
back wall portion 2072 may includerim portions 2074 at theback opening 2073 that may surround all or portions of theback opening 2073. In one example, therim portions 2074 may surround all of theback opening 2073. In another example, therim portions 2074 may include one or more separate segments located around theback opening 2073. In another example, as illustrated inFIGS. 20-33 , therim portions 2074 may include one or more cutout portions, which are illustrated for example as a toe-side cutout portion 2620, acenter cutout portion 2630, and a heel-side cutout portion 2640, all of which may be below thehorizontal midplane 2120. Theback cover portion 2272 may include a backcover perimeter portion 2274. Therim portions 2074 receive the backcover perimeter portion 2274 when theback cover portion 2272 is placed on theback opening 2073 to close theback opening 2073. Therim portions 2074 may be recessed having a certain recessed depth relative to portions of theback wall portion 2072 that surround theback opening 2073. Theback cover portion 2272 may have a certain thickness that may be similar or substantially similar (considering manufacturing tolerances) to the recess depth of therim portions 2074. Accordingly, when placed and seated in therim portions 2074 and covering theback opening 2073, theback cover portion 2272 may be positioned flush or substantially flush with portions of theback wall portion 2072 that surround theback cover portion 2272. In another example, theback cover portion 2272 may be elevated relative to portions of theback wall portion 2072 adjacent theback cover portion 2272. In yet another example, theback cover portion 2272 may be recessed relative to the portions of theback wall portion 2072 adjacent theback cover portion 2272. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
back cover portion 2272 may define a portion of theback wall portion 2072. Accordingly, theback cover portion 2272 and portions of theback wall portion 2072 surrounding theback cover portion 2272 may define theback wall portion 2072. In one example, theback cover portion 2272 may define all of theback wall portion 2072. In another example, theback cover portion 2272 may define greater than or equal to 90% of theback wall portion 2072. In another example, theback cover portion 2272 may define greater than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 90% of theback wall portion 2072. In another example, theback cover portion 2272 may define greater than or equal to 30% and less than or equal to 80% of theback wall portion 2072. In another example, theback cover portion 2272 may define greater than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 70% of theback wall portion 2072. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, the
body portion 2010 may include a plurality of back cover portions that may cover a single opening or a corresponding plurality of openings on theback wall portion 2072. In another example, a larger portion of theback cover portion 2272 may be closer to thetoe portion edge 2042 than theheel portion edge 2052. In another example, a larger portion of theback cover portion 2272 may be closer to theheel portion edge 2052 than thetoe portion edge 2042. In another example, a larger portion of theback cover portion 2272 may be closer to thetop portion edge 2082 than thesole portion edge 2092. In another example, a larger portion of theback cover portion 2272 may be closer to thesole portion edge 2092 than thetop portion edge 2082. In another example, as illustrated inFIG. 21 (also illustrated inFIGS. 35 and 52 ), a larger portion of theback cover portion 2272 may be below thehorizontal midplane 2120. In another example, 50% or more than 50% (as illustrated inFIGS. 21, 35 and 52 ) of theback cover portion 2272 may be located below thehorizontal midplane 2120. In another example, the entireback cover portion 2272 may be located below thehorizontal midplane 2120. In another example, 50% or more than 50% of theback cover portion 2272 may be closer to thetoe portion edge 2042 than theheel portion edge 2052. In another example, 50% or more than 50% of theback cover portion 2272 may be closer to theheel portion edge 2052 than thetoe portion edge 2042. In yet another example, 50% or more than 50% of theback cover portion 2272 may be located above thehorizontal midplane 2120. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, the
back cover portion 2272 may have a generally uniform thickness. In another example, one or more portions of theback cover portion 2272 may have a different thicknesses than one or more other portions of theback cover portion 2272. The thickness or any variation in the thicknesses of theback cover portion 2272 may be associated with mass distribution of theback cover portion 2272. The thickness or any variation in the thicknesses of theback cover portion 2272 may also be associated with structural properties (e.g., stiffness, strength, etc.) of theback cover portion 2272. Accordingly, the thickness of theback cover portion 2272 may be varied at certain locations of theback cover portion 2272 to provide certain mass distribution and/or structural properties for theback cover portion 2272 and/or thegolf club head 2000. In one example, 50% or more than 50% of the total mass of theback cover portion 2272 may be located below thehorizontal midplane 2120. In another example, 50% or more than 50% of the total mass of theback cover portion 2272 may be closer to thetoe portion edge 2042 than theheel portion edge 2052. In another example, 50% or more than 50% of the total mass of theback cover portion 2272 may be closer to theheel portion edge 2052 than thetoe portion edge 2042. In yet another example, 50% or more than 50% of the total mass of theback cover portion 2272 may be located above thehorizontal midplane 2120. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, the
back cover portion 2272 may be constructed from one or more materials that may be similar to one or more materials of thebody portion 2010 or different from one or more materials of thebody portion 2010. In another example, theback cover portion 2272 may be constructed from a material having a higher density than the material of thebody portion 2010. Accordingly, theback cover portion 2272 may provide for a greater portion of the mass of thebody portion 2010 to be placed farther away from theface portion 2062 to move the center of gravity (CG) of thebody portion 2010 farther aft. In yet another example, theback cover portion 2272 may be constructed from a material having a lower density than the material of thebody portion 2010. Accordingly, as described in detail herein, one or more mass portions may be coupled to various locations on thebody portion 2010 optimize the CG and MOI of thegolf club head 2000 while maintaining the overall weight of the golf club head within a certain weight range. In one example, the material of construction of theback cover portion 2272 and the physical properties of the back cover portion 2272 (e.g., thickness of the back cover portion 2272) may be determined to impart certain performance characteristics on thegolf club head 2000. In one example, theback cover portion 2272 may be constructed from any metal, metal alloy, or a combination of metals such as for example steel, aluminum or aluminum alloy, titanium or titanium alloy, tungsten or tungsten alloys, or magnesium or magnesium alloys. In another example, theback cover portion 2272 may be constructed from any type of composite material such as for example a carbon fiber based composite material. Theback cover portion 2272 may be formed from one or more layers of carbon fiber reinforced with epoxy resin that may be piled in different fiber orientations for directional strength. Accordingly, theback cover portion 2272 may be lighter than a correspondingly configured back cover portion made from a metallic material such as steel while having similar or relatively greater strength. The weight that may be saved by using aback cover portion 2272 made form a composite material or a material having a relatively lower density than the material of thebody portion 2010 may be strategically placed at one or more locations on thegolf club head 2000 to optimize the location of the CG (e.g., lower the CG and move the CG farther aft) and/or optimize the moment of inertia (e.g., increase the moment of inertia) of thegolf club head 2000. Theback cover portion 2272 may be constructed from other types of materials such one or more polymer materials, wood, or other composite materials such as fiberglass. The materials of construction of theback cover portion 2272 may be determined to provide certain overall weight, weight distribution, swing properties, and/or structural properties to thegolf club head 2000. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, as illustrated in
FIGS. 20-33 , theback wall portion 2072 may include an upperback wall portion 2212, a lowerback wall portion 2214, and aledge portion 2216 defining a transition portion between the upperback wall portion 2212 and the lowerback wall portion 2214. Theledge portion 2216 may include afirst ledge portion 2226 and asecond ledge portion 2236. Thefirst ledge portion 2226 may extend on the back wall portion from thetoe portion edge 2042 to athird ledge portion 2246 of theback wall portion 2072 that may be located at or proximate to acenter portion 2026 of thebody portion 2010. Thesecond ledge portion 2236 may extend from thethird ledge portion 2246 to theheel portion edge 2052. Theledge portion 2216 may provide placement of the mass of thebody portion 2010 farther aft and below thehorizontal midplane 2120 to move farther aft and lower the position of the CG, respectively, of thegolf club head 2000. The configuration of the ledge portion 2216 (e.g., width, segments, tapering, shape, etc.) and the properties of theledge portion 2216 relative to the width of the interior cavity may be similar to any ledge portion or similar structures of any of the golf club heads described herein and/or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
body portion 2010 may include one or more ports, which may be exterior ports and/or interior ports (e.g., located inside the body portion 2010). The inner walls of theinterior cavity 2020 may include one or more ports (not illustrated). In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 20-33 , theback cover portion 2272 may include a first set of ports 2320 (e.g., illustrated asport 2321 and port 2322), a second set of ports 2330 (e.g., illustrated as port 2331), and a third set of ports 2340 (e.g., illustrated asport 2341 and port 2342). The first set of ports 2320, the second set ofports 2330, and/or the third set ofports 2340 may include any number of ports. The locations, spacing relative to other ports, and any other configuration of each port of the first set of ports 2320, the second set ofports 2330, and/or the third set ofports 2340 may be similar in many respects to any of the ports described herein or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. Further, any one or more of the ports of the first set of ports 2320, the second set ofports 2330, and/or the third set ofports 2340 may be connected tointerior cavity 2020 through which one or more filler materials may be injected into theinterior cavity 2020. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 20-33 , theport 2321 and theport 2342 may be connected to theinterior cavity 2020 via anopening 2361 and anopening 2382, respectively, through which one or more filler materials may be injected into theinterior cavity 2020. Each of theopenings ports internal port shoulders internal port shoulder 2371 and theinternal port shoulder 2391 may prevent any plug or mass portion inserted into a corresponding port to extend beyond theinternal port shoulder 2371 or theinternal port shoulder 2391 and into theinterior cavity 2020. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - Each port of the first set of ports 2320 may be located in a
first port region 2329 of theback cover portion 2272. The distance from any of the ports of the first set of ports 2320 to thetoe portion edge 2042 may be less than the distance from any of the ports of the first set of ports 2320 to theheel portion edge 2052 or thehosel portion 2055. Each port of the first set of ports 2320 may be separated by a distance less than the port diameter of any of the ports of the first set of ports 2320. Each port of the second set ofports 2330 may be located in asecond port region 2339 of theback cover portion 2272. Thesecond port region 2339 may be at or proximate to acenter portion 2026 of thebody portion 2010. Each port of the third set ofports 2340 may be located in athird port region 2349 of theback cover portion 2272. The distance from any of the ports of the third set ofports 2340 to thetoe portion edge 2042 may be greater than the distance from any of the ports of the third set ofports 2340 to theheel portion edge 2052 or thehosel portion 2055. Each port of the third set ofports 2340 may be separated by a distance less than the port diameter of any of the ports of the third set ofports 2340. Theport regions back cover portion 2272 to accommodate the structures and/or functions of the ports of the sets ofports - In one example, as illustrated in
FIGS. 20-33 , the second set ofports 2330 may include aport 2331 that may be larger in diameter than any of the ports of the first set of ports 2320 and/or the third set ofports 2340. Theport 2331 may be located at or proximate to acenter portion 2026 of thebody portion 2010 or proximate to thethird ledge portion 2246 and be entirely or at least partially located below thehorizontal midplane 2120. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 20-33 , theport 2331 may be located below thehorizontal midplane 2120 and below thethird ledge portion 2246. In one example, the diameter of theport 2331 may be greater than or equal to 1.25 times the diameter of any of the ports of the first set of ports 2320 and the third set ofports 2340. In another example, the diameter of theport 2331 may be greater than or equal to twice the diameter of any of the ports of the first set of ports 2320 and the third set ofports 2340. In another example, the diameter of theport 2331 may be greater than or equal to 2.5 times the diameter of any of the ports of the first set of ports 2320 and the third set ofports 2340. In yet another example, the diameter of theport 2331 may be greater than or equal to 3.5 times the diameter of any of the ports of the first set of ports 2320 and the third set ofports 2340. In the example ofFIGS. 20-33 , the ports of the first set of ports 2320, the second set ofports 2330 and the third set ofports 2340 are illustrated to be cylindrical. In other examples (not illustrated), the ports may have any shape. Accordingly, the relative sizes of the ports may be compared by any dimension such as length, width, radius, diameter, distance between two boundaries, or any dimension corresponding to a particular geometric shape (e.g., major and minor axes for an elliptical shaped port). The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
back cover portion 2272 may be attached to thebody portion 2010 by any method such as for example with an adhesive, with mechanical fastening or locking, by welding, and/or by soldering. To attach theback cover portion 2272 to thebody portion 2010, theback cover portion 2272 may be placed on theback opening 2073 such that the backcover perimeter portion 2274 is positioned or seated on top of the corresponding portions of therim portions 2074. The backcover perimeter portion 2274 may be in direct contact with therim portions 2074 or coupled to therim portions 2074 via one or more adhesives or bonding agents depending on the method by which theback cover portion 2272 is attached to thebody portion 2010. In the seated position, thefirst port region 2329 may extend through the toe-side cutout portion 2620 and into theinterior cavity 2020, thesecond port region 2339 may extend through thecenter cutout portion 2630 and into theinterior cavity 2020, and thethird port region 2349 may extend through the heel-side cutout portion 2640 and into theinterior cavity 2020. In one example, one or more adhesives or bonding agents may be used to attach theback cover portion 2272 to thebody portion 2010 regardless of the type of materials from which theback cover portion 2272 may be constructed. For example, aback cover portion 2272 that is constructed from a carbon composite material may be attached to thebody portion 2010 with one or more adhesives or bonding agents. Accordingly, one or more adhesives may be applied on the backcover perimeter portion 2274, therim portions 2074 or both. In another example, aback cover portion 2272 that is constructed from a metal, or a metal alloy may be attached to thebody portion 2010 by welding. Accordingly, theback cover portion 2272 and thebody portion 2010 may be welded together at one or more gaps between theback cover portion 2272 and portions of theback wall portion 2072 that surround theback cover portion 2272. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
body portion 2010 may include one or more mass portions (e.g., weight portion(s)), which may be integral with thebody portion 2010 or may be separate mass portion(s) that may be coupled to thebody portion 2010. In the illustrated example ofFIGS. 20-33 , thebody portion 2010 may include a first set of mass portions 2520 (e.g., illustrated asmass portions 2521 and 2522), a second set of mass portions 2530 (e.g., illustrated as mass portion 2531), and a third set of mass portions 2540 (e.g., illustrated asmass portions 2541 and 2542). The mass portions of the first set ofmass portions 2520 and the third set ofmass portions 2540 may be similar to any of the mass portions described herein or in any of the incorporated by reference publications. For example, the mass portions of the first set ofmass portions 2520 and the third set ofmass portions 2540 may be similar to themass portions 1800 ofFIG. 18 , themass portion 1900 ofFIG. 19 , or themass portion 4200 ofFIG. 42 as described herein. In the example ofFIGS. 20-33 , the second set ofmass portions 2530 may include amass portion 2531, which may have a greater mass than any of the mass portions of the first set ofmass portions 2520 and the third set ofmass portions 2540. Themass portion 2531 may be similar to themass portion 4400 ofFIG. 44 as described herein. Theport 2331 may be configured to receive themass portion 2531, which may be inserted and secured into theport 2331 by any of the methods described herein. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 20-33 , the ports of the first set of ports 2320, the second set ofports 2330, and the third set ofports 2340 may have threaded inner walls to engage threaded outer walls of the corresponding mass portions of the first set ofmass portions 2520, the second set ofmass portions 2530, and the third set ofmass portions 2540, respectively, to close the ports and close any opening in the ports that may be connected to theinterior cavity 2020 similar to the coupling and/or engagement of any of the mass portions and ports described herein or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. Accordingly, for example, the dimensions of each port of the first set of ports 2320, the second set ofports 2330, and the third set ofports 2340, and the dimensions of each mass portion of the first set ofmass portions 2520, the second set ofmass portions 2530, and the third set ofmass portions 2540 may be determined so that the mass portions of the first set ofmass portions 2520, the second set ofmass portions 2530, and/or the third set ofmass portions 2540 are in a flush (as illustrated in the examples ofFIGS. 20-33 ), protruded, or recessed configuration relative to the outer surface of theback cover portion 2272. Accordingly, each mass portion may be secured in a corresponding port by being screwed in the port as illustrated inFIGS. 33-50 , or alternatively press fitted, secured with an adhesive, welded, or a combination thereof. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, the total mass of the
mass portion 2531 may be greater than the total mass of any single mass portion of the first set ofmass portions 2520 or any single mass portion of the third set ofmass portions 2540. In another example, the total mass of themass portion 2531 may be greater than or equal to the total mass of the first set ofmass portions 2520 and/or greater than or equal to total mass of the third set ofmass portions 2540. In yet another example, the total mass of themass portion 2531 may be greater than or equal to the total masses of the first set ofmass portions 2520 and the third set ofmass portions 2540. The total mass of themass portion 2531 may be determined to provide certain performance characteristics for thegolf club head 2000. In one example, themass portion 2531 may have a total mass that is greater than or equal to 2 grams and less than or equal to 25 grams. In another example, themass portion 2531 may have a total mass that is greater than or equal to 4 grams and less than or equal to 12 grams. In another example, themass portion 2531 may have a total mass that is greater than or equal to 6 grams and less than or equal to 10 grams. In another example, themass portion 2531 may have a total mass that is greater than or equal to 7 grams and less than or equal to 9 grams. The diameter of themass portion 2531 may be determined based on one or more properties (e.g., material density) of the materials of construction of themass portion 2531. In one example, themass portion 2531 may have a diameter that is greater than or equal to 0.2 inch (5.08 mm) and less than or equal to 1.0 inch (25.4 mm). In another example, themass portion 2531 may have a diameter that is greater than or equal to 0.4 inch (10.16 mm) and less than or equal to 0.8 inch (20.32 mm). In yet another example, themass portion 2531 may have a diameter that is greater than or equal to 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) and less than or equal to 0.7 inch (17.78 mm). The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
interior cavity 2020 may be partially or entirely filled with one or more filler materials (i.e., a cavity filling material), which may include one or more similar or different types of materials. Any of the one or more filler materials may be injected (e.g., injection molding) into theinterior cavity 2020 or pre-manufactured and inserted into theinterior cavity 2020 as described herein with respect to thegolf club head 200 or any of the golf club heads described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 20-33 , theinterior cavity 2020 may be filled with afirst filler material 2022 and asecond filler material 2024. In one example, thefirst filler material 2022 and thesecond filler material 2024 may be similar tofirst filler material 512 and thesecond filler material 514 of thegolf club head 200, respectively. In another example, thefirst filler material 2022 and thesecond filler material 2024 may be similar to thesecond filler material 514 and thefirst filler material 512 of thegolf club head 200, respectively. The amount (i.e., volume and/or mass) of thefirst filler material 2022 may be determined for each golf club head (i.e., having a certain loft angle) to (i) provide vibration dampening or sound dampening (e.g., consistent and/or pleasing sound and feel when thegolf club head 2000 strikes a golf ball as perceived by an individual using the golf club head 2000), (ii) provide structural support for theface portion 2062, and/or (iii) optimize ball travel distance, ball speed, ball launch angle, ball spin rate, ball peak height, ball landing angle and/or ball dispersion. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, the
first filler material 2022 and thesecond filler material 2024 may be injected into theinterior cavity 2020 from any one or both of theports back cover portion 2272 is attached to thebody portion 2010. In another example, thesecond filler material 2024 may be preformed and placed in theinterior cavity 2020 prior to attachment of theback cover portion 2272 to thebody portion 2010. Thefirst filler material 2022 may then be injected into theinterior cavity 2020 from any one or both of theports back cover portion 2272 is attached to thebody portion 2010. In another example, thefirst filler material 2022 and thesecond filler material 2024 may be preformed and placed in theinterior cavity 2020 prior to attachment of theback cover portion 2272 to thebody portion 2010. In yet another example, theinterior cavity 2020 may be filled with only one filler material (injection molded in theinterior cavity 2020 or preformed and placed in the interior cavity 2020), which may be thefirst filler material 2022, thesecond filler material 2024, or another filler material. In one example, one or more adhesives or bonding agents may be used to attach thefirst filler material 2022 and/or thesecond filler material 2024 to thebody portion 2010. In another example, thefirst filler material 2022 and/or thesecond filler material 2024 may be inherently adhesive such that a separate adhesive or bonding agent may not be needed. In yet another example, thefirst filler material 2022 and/or thesecond filler material 2024 may be in theinterior cavity 2020 without the use of any adhesives or bonding agents. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In the example of
FIGS. 34-50 , agolf club head 3400 may include abody portion 3410 having atoe portion 3440 with atoe portion edge 3442, aheel portion 3450 with aheel portion edge 3452 that may include ahosel portion 3455 configured to receive a shaft (anexample shaft 104 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ) with a grip (anexample grip 106 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ) on one end and thegolf club head 3400 on the opposite end of the shaft to form a golf club (anexample golf club 100 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ), afront portion 3460, aback portion 3470 with aback wall portion 3472, atop portion 3480 with atop portion edge 3482, and asole portion 3490 with asole portion edge 3492. Thegolf club head 3400 may include aface portion 3462 coupled to afront opening 3463 of thefront portion 3460 to close thefront opening 3463. Theface portion 3462 may include a front surface 3464 with a plurality ofgrooves 3465 and a back surface 3466. Thegolf club head 3400 may be associated with aground plane 3510, ahorizontal midplane 3520, and atop plane 3530, aloft plane 3540, a loft angle 3545 (a), and avertical plane 3550. Thebody portion 3410 may be a hollow body portion with thefront opening 3463 and aback opening 3473 in theback wall portion 3472. Accordingly, thebody portion 3410 may include a through hole defining aninterior cavity 3420 having thefront opening 3463 and theback opening 3473. As described herein, theface portion 3462 may be attached to thefront portion 3460 to close thefront opening 3463. Thebody portion 3410 may include aback cover portion 3672 that may be attached to theback wall portion 3472 to cover and close theback opening 3473, which along with theface portion 3462 closing thefront opening 3463 enclose theinterior cavity 3420. The above-described parts and features of thegolf club head 3400 may be similar in many respects to thegolf club head 2000. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
back wall portion 3472 including theback cover portion 3672 may be similar in many respects to theback wall portion 2072 and theback cover portion 2272, respectively, of thegolf club head 2000. Accordingly, theback wall portion 3472 may include an upperback wall portion 3612, a lowerback wall portion 3614, and aledge portion 3616 with afirst ledge portion 3626, asecond ledge portion 3636, and athird ledge portion 3646, which may be similar in many respects to the same parts of thegolf club head 2000. As illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , theback wall portion 3472 may includerim portions 3474, a toe-side cutout portion 4120, acenter cutout portion 4130, and a heel-side cutout portion 4140. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , theback wall portion 3472 may include aslot 3479 on an inner surface of theback wall portion 3472 that may extend from an upper perimeter of theback opening 3473 toward thetop portion edge 3482. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
body portion 3410 may include one or more ports, which may be exterior ports and/or interior ports. The inner walls of theinterior cavity 2020 may include one or more ports. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , theback cover portion 3672 may be similar in many respects to theback cover portion 2272 of thegolf club head 2000. Accordingly, theback cover portion 3672 may include afirst port region 3729 that may include the first set of ports 3720 (e.g., illustrated asport 3721 and port 3722), asecond port region 3739 that may include the second set of ports 3730 (e.g., illustrated as port 3731), and athird port region 3749 that may include the third set of ports 3740 (e.g., illustrated asport 3741 and port 3742). Theport regions port regions golf club head 2000 as described herein. A portion of theback cover portion 3672 at or proximate to a perimeter of theback cover portion 3672 may define a backcover perimeter portion 3674. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , theback cover portion 3672 may include a backcover tab portion 3679 at an upper perimeter portion of theback cover portion 3672. The backcover tab portion 3679 extends above the perimeter of theback cover portion 3672 and is configured to engage theslot 3479 on the inner surface of theback wall portion 2072 as described herein. Theback cover portion 3672 may also include a tab offset 3680 that may be perpendicular or transverse to the backcover tab portion 3679 to define an L-shaped flange portion with the backcover tab portion 3679. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, one or more of the ports of the first set of ports 2320 and/or the third set of
ports 3740 may be connected tointerior cavity 3420 through which one or more filler materials may be injected into theinterior cavity 3420. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 ,ports openings interior cavity 3420 when theback cover portion 3672 is coupled to thebody portion 3410 as described herein. Each of theopenings corresponding port port shoulders FIGS. 34-50 , the diameter of theports adjacent ports ports ports FIG. 49 , thefirst port region 3729 may increase in size in a direction from thetoe portion 3440 to theheel portion 3450, and thethird port region 3749 may increase in size in a direction from theheel portion 3450 to thetoe portion 3440. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
body portion 3410 may include one or more mass portions (e.g., weight portion(s)), which may be integral mass portion(s) or separate mass portion(s) that may be coupled to thebody portion 3410. In the illustrated example as illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , thebody portion 3410 may include a first set of mass portions 3820 (e.g., illustrated asmass portions 3821 and 3822), a second set of mass portions 3830 (e.g., illustrated as mass portion 3831), and a third set of mass portions 3840 (e.g., illustrated asmass portions 3841 and 3842). Themass portions mass portions golf club head 2000. Themass portion 3831 may be similar in many respects to themass portion 2531 of thegolf club head 2000. Accordingly, as illustrated in the example ofFIGS. 34-50 , the second set ofmass portions 3830 may include asingle mass portion 3831, which may have a greater mass than any of the mass portions of the first set ofmass portions 3820 and any of the mass portions of the third set ofmass portions 3840. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, as illustrated in
FIGS. 42-44 , the mass portions of the first set ofmass portions 3820, the second set ofmass portions 3830, and the third set ofmass portions 3840 may be associated with three types of mass portions. In one example, as illustrated inFIG. 42 , a first type of mass portion may be a first plug-type mass portion 4200, which may include ahead portion 4202 that may be threaded and ashaft portion 4204. Thehead portion 4202 may include a tool receivingtop portion 4206 for operating the first plug-type mass portion 4200. The first plug-type mass portion 4200 may be utilized to close a correspondingly configured port on thebody portion 3410 and/or may provide strategic weight placement on the body portion for golf club head mass, CG (center of gravity) location, and MOI (moment of inertia) optimization. As illustrated inFIG. 43 , a second type of mass portion may be a fastener-type mass portion 4300, which may include ahead portion 4402 and ashaft portion 4404 that may be threaded. Thehead portion 4302 may include a tool receivingtop portion 4306 for operating the fastener-type mass portion 4300. The fastener-type mass portion 4300 may be utilized to close a correspondingly configured port on thebody portion 3410, may provide strategic weight placement on the body portion for golf club head mass, CG location, and MOI optimization, and/or may provide a fastener function as described herein. As illustrated inFIG. 44 , a third type of mass portion may be a second plug-type mass portion 4400, which may include ahead portion 4402 that may be threaded and ashaft portion 4404. Thehead portion 4402 may include a tool receivingtop portion 4406 for operating the second plug-type mass portion 4400. The second plug-type mass portion 4400 may be utilized to close a correspondingly configured port on thebody portion 3410 and/or provide strategic weight placement on the body portion for golf club head mass, CG location, and MOI optimization. In one example, as illustrated inFIG. 44 , the second plug-type mass portion 4400 may have a substantially greater diameter than length so as to resemble a disc-shaped mass portion. The second plug-type mass portion 4400 may have a greater diameter than the fastener-type mass portion 4300 and the first plug-type mass portion 4200. As described herein, in one example, the diameter of theports ports type mass portions 4200. Accordingly, as illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , theports type mass portions 4200, theports type mass portions 4300, and theport 3731 may be configured to receive the second plug-type mass portion 4400. In another example, the diameter of theports mass portions mass portions mass portions 3820, the second set ofmass portions 3830, and the third set ofmass portions 3840, and the total mass of first set ofmass portions 3820, the second set ofmass portions 3830, and the third set ofmass portions 3840 relative to each other may be similar in many respects to the individual masses, total masses and relative masses of the first set ofmass portions 2520, the second set ofmass portions 2530, and the third set ofmass portions 2540, respectively, of thegolf club head 2000. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 34-50 , each of theports type mass portions 4200. In one example, the inner walls of theports head portion 4202 of the first plug-type mass portion 4200. The diameter of theopenings shaft portion 4204 of the first plug-type mass portion 4200. Accordingly, the first plug-type mass portion 4200 may be screwed into theport 3721 or theport 3742 until the bottom of theshaft portion 4204 abuts theshoulder type mass portion 4200 into theport 3721 or theport 3742. Each of theports type mass portions 4300. In one example, the inner walls of theports head portion 4302 of the fastener-type mass portion 4300. The diameter of theopenings head portion 4302 but larger than the diameter of theshaft portion 4304 of the fastener-type mass portion 4300. Accordingly, theshaft portion 4304 may be inserted through theopenings head portion 4302 with theshoulders port 3731 may be configured to receive the second plug-type mass portion 4400. In one example, the inner walls of theport 3731 may be threaded to receive the threaded head portion 3984 of the second plug-type mass portion 4400. Accordingly, the second plug-type mass portion 4400 may be screwed into theport 3731 until the bottom of theshaft portion 4404 abuts the bottom of theport 3731. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, as illustrated in
FIGS. 34-50 , thebody portion 3410 may include afirst flange portion 4620 and asecond flange portion 4640, which may extend from a location proximate to thesole portion edge 3492 into theinterior cavity 3420. Thefirst flange portion 4620 may be located at or proximate to the toe-side cutout portion 4120. Thefirst flange portion 4620 may include a threadedbore 4622, which may axially align with theopening 4722 of theport 3722 when theback cover portion 3672 is seated or placed on therim portions 3474 as described herein. Thesecond flange portion 4640 may be located at or proximate to the heel-side cutout portion 4140. Thesecond flange portion 4640 may include a threadedbore 4641, which may axially align with theopening 4741 of theport 3741 when theback cover portion 3672 is seated or placed on therim portions 3474 as described herein. Each of the threadedbores shaft portion 4304 of a fastener-type mass portion 4300. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, to attach the
back cover portion 3672 to thebody portion 3410, the backcover tab portion 3679 may be inserted into theinterior cavity 3420 from theback opening 3473 and aligned in position with theslot 3479. Accordingly, the backcover tab portion 3679 may be positioned between theslot 3479 and thefront portion 3460. In one example, theslot 3479 may simply define a portion of the inner surface of theback wall portion 3472 that receives or contacts the backcover tab portion 3679. In another example, as illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , theslot 3479 may be defined by a recessed portion of the inner surface of theback wall portion 3472 that is configured to receive the backcover tab portion 3679. Therim portions 3474 may include anupper cutout portion 3475 that may provide visual alignment of the backcover tab portion 3679 relative to theslot 3479 when attaching theback cover portion 3672 to thebody portion 3410, positioning of the backcover tab portion 3679 in theslot 3479, and/or accommodating the tab offset 3680 so that theback cover portion 3672 is properly positioned over theback opening 3473 and seated on therim portions 3474 as described herein. After the backcover tab portion 3679 is aligned relative to theslot 3479, theback cover portion 3672 may be placed on thebody portion 3410 such that the backcover perimeter portion 3674 engages with therim portions 3474. As theback cover portion 3672 is moved toward theback wall portion 3472, the backcover tab portion 3679 may fully engage theslot 3479 and the backcover perimeter portion 3674 may engage therim portions 3474 to close theback opening 3473. As illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , thefirst port region 3729 and thethird portion region 3749 may extend into the toe-side cutout portion 4120 and the heel-side cutout portion 4140 and engage or be positioned proximate to thefirst flange portion 4620 and thesecond flange portion 4640, respectively. Theopening 4722 of theport 3722 and theopening 4741 of theport 3741 may then be axially aligned with the threadedbore 4622 and the threadedbore 4641, respectively. Theshaft portions 4304 of fastener-type mass portions 4300 may then be inserted through theopenings bores back cover portion 3672 to thebody portion 3410. Accordingly, an upper portion of theback cover portion 3672 may be secured to thebody portion 3410 by the backcover tab portion 3679 positioned in theslot 3479 and/or engaging theslot 3479, and a lower portion of theback cover portion 3672 may be secured to thebody portion 3410 by the two fastener-type mass portions 4300 securing theback cover portion 3672 to thefirst flange portion 4620 and thesecond flange portion 4640. In another example, the attachment of theback cover portion 3672 to thebody portion 3410 with the backcover tab portion 3679 and the fastener-type mass portions 4300 may be further reinforced with an adhesive or a bonding agent applied between the backcover perimeter portion 3674 and therim portions 3474. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, the
interior cavity 3420 may be partially or entirely filled with one or more filler materials (i.e., a cavity filling material), which may include one or more similar or different types of materials. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , theinterior cavity 3420 may be filled with afiller material 3422. Theinterior cavity 3420 may be filled from any one or more of the ports of the first set ofports 3720 or the third set ofports 3740. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 34-50 , theinterior cavity 3420 may be filled with afiller material 3422 from any one or a combination of theopenings port openings filler material 3422 may be used to exhaust air from inside theinterior cavity 3420 that is displaced by thefiller material 3422. Theopenings mass portions ports filler material 3422 may be a preformed or a premanufactured filler material that may be placed in theinterior cavity 3420 prior to securing theback cover portion 3672 to thebody portion 3410. In another example, theinterior cavity 3420 may be filled with two or more filler materials having similar or different physical properties as described herein or in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The filler material(s) in theinterior cavity 3420 may be any type of filler material(s) described herein. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In the example of
FIGS. 51-64 , agolf club head 5100 may include abody portion 5110 having atoe portion 5140 with atoe portion edge 5142, aheel portion 5150 with aheel portion edge 5152 that may include ahosel portion 5155 configured to receive a shaft (anexample shaft 104 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ) with a grip (anexample grip 106 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ) on one end and thegolf club head 5100 on the opposite end of the shaft to form a golf club (anexample golf club 100 is illustrated inFIG. 1 ), afront portion 5160, aback portion 5170 with aback wall portion 5172, atop portion 5180 with atop portion edge 5182, and asole portion 5190 with a sole portion edge 5192. Thegolf club head 5100 may include aface portion 5162 coupled to afront opening 5163 of thefront portion 5160 to close thefront opening 5163, and further include afront surface 5164 with a plurality ofgrooves 5165 and aback surface 5166. Thegolf club head 5100 may be associated with aground plane 5210, ahorizontal midplane 5220, and atop plane 5230, aloft plane 5240, a loft angle 5245 (a), and avertical plane 5250. Thebody portion 5110 may be a hollow body portion with thefront opening 5163 and aback opening 5173 in theback wall portion 5172. Accordingly, thebody portion 5110 may include a through hole defining aninterior cavity 5120 having thefront opening 5163 and theback opening 5173. As described herein, theface portion 5162 may be attached to thefront portion 5160 to close thefront opening 5163. Thebody portion 5110 may include aback cover portion 5372 that may be attached to theback wall portion 5172 to cover and close theback opening 5173, which along with theface portion 5162 closing thefront opening 5163 enclose theinterior cavity 5120. Thegolf club head 5100 may be similar in many respects to the golf club heads 2000 and 3400, to any of the golf club heads described herein, and/or described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The above-described parts and features of thegolf club head 5100 may be similar in many respects to the golf club heads 2000 and 3400. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
back wall portion 5172 may include theback cover portion 5372 that may be similar in many respects to theback wall portion 3472 and theback cover portion 3672 of thegolf club head 3400. Accordingly, theback wall portion 5172 may include an upperback wall portion 5312, a lowerback wall portion 5314, and aledge portion 5316 with afirst ledge portion 5326, asecond ledge portion 5336, and athird ledge portion 5346, which may be similar in many respects to the same parts of thegolf club head 3400. As illustrated inFIGS. 51-64 , theback wall portion 5172 may includerim portions 5174, a toe-side cutout portion 5820, acenter cutout portion 5830, and a heel-side cutout portion 5840, and aslot 5179 on an inner surface of theback wall portion 5172, which may be similar in many respects to the same parts of thegolf club head 3400. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 51-64 , theback cover portion 5372 may be similar in many respects to theback cover portion 3672 of thegolf club head 3400. Accordingly, theback cover portion 5372 may include afirst port region 5429 that may include the first set of ports 5420 (e.g., illustrated asport 5421 and port 5422), asecond port region 5439 that may include the second set of ports 5430 (e.g., illustrated as port 5431), and athird port region 5449 that may include the third set of ports 5440 (e.g., illustrated asport 5441 and port 5442), a backcover perimeter portion 5374, a backcover tab portion 5379, and a tab offset 5380, all of which may be similar in many respects to the corresponding parts of theback cover portion 3672 of thegolf club head 3400. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, one or more of the ports of the first set of
ports 5420, the second set ofports 5430 and/or the third set ofports 5440 may be connected tointerior cavity 5120 through which one or more filler materials may be injected into theinterior cavity 5120. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 51-64 , theports openings port shoulders port 5431 may be a through bore (i.e., connected to the interior cavity 5120) having a constant or substantially constant (considering manufacturing tolerances) inner diameter. Accordingly, in the illustrated example ofFIGS. 51-64 , all of theports interior cavity 5120 and may be used to inject one or more filler materials into theinterior cavity 5120, such as thefiller material 5122, and/or used as exhaust ports as described herein. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - The
body portion 5110 may include one or more mass portions (e.g., weight portion(s)), which may be integral mass portion(s) or separate mass portion(s) that may be coupled to thebody portion 5110. In the illustrated example ofFIGS. 51-64 , thebody portion 5110 may include a first set of mass portions 5520 (e.g., illustrated asmass portions 5521 and 5522), a second set of mass portions 5530 (e.g., illustrated as mass portion 5531), and a third set of mass portions 5540 (e.g., illustrated asmass portions 5541 and 5542). Themass portions type mass portions 4300. Accordingly, the inner walls of theports head portions 4302 of the fastener-type mass portions 4300. The diameter of theopenings head portions 4302 but larger than the diameter of theshaft portions 4304 of the fastener-type mass portions 4300. Accordingly, theshaft portions 4304 may be inserted through theopenings head portion 4302 with the port shoulders 6221, 6222, 6241, and 6242, respectively. Themass portion 5531 may be a second plug-type mass portion 4400. Accordingly, theport 5431 may be configured to receive thehead portion 4402 of the second plug-type mass portion 4400. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, as illustrated in
FIGS. 51-64 , thebody portion 5110 may include afirst flange portion 6020, asecond flange portion 6040, and athird flange portion 6060, which may extend from a location proximate to the sole portion edge 5192 into theinterior cavity 5120. Thefirst flange portion 6020 may be located at or proximate to the toe-side cutout portion 5820. Thefirst flange portion 6020 may include a first flange portion first bore 6021 and a first flange portion second bore 6022, both of which may be threaded through bores that may be axially align with theopenings ports back cover portion 5372 is seated or placed on therim portions 5174 as described herein. Thesecond flange portion 6040 may be located at or proximate to the heel-side cutout portion 5840. Thesecond flange portion 6040 may include a second flange portion first bore 6041, and a second flange portion second bore 6042, both of which may be threaded through bores that may axially align with theopenings ports back cover portion 5372 is seated or placed on therim portions 5174 as described herein. Each of thebores shaft portion 4304 of a fastener-type mass portion 4300. Thethird flange portion 6060 may be located at or proximate to thecenter cutout portion 5830 and include a thirdflange portion bore 6061, which may be a threaded blind bore and may axially align with theport 5431 when theback cover portion 5372 is seated or placed on therim portions 5174 as described herein. The thirdflange portion bore 6061 may be configured to receive thehead portion 4402 of the second plug-type mass portion 4400. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, to attach the
back cover portion 5372 to thebody portion 5110, the backcover tab portion 5379 may be inserted into theinterior cavity 5120 from theback opening 5173 and aligned in position with theslot 5179. Accordingly, the backcover tab portion 5379 may be positioned between theslot 5179 and thefront portion 5160. In one example, theslot 5179 may simply define a portion of the inner surface of theback wall portion 5172 that receives or contacts the backcover tab portion 5379. In another example, as illustrated inFIGS. 51-64 , theslot 5179 may be defined by a recessed portion of the inner surface of theback wall portion 5172 that is configured to receive the backcover tab portion 5379. Therim portions 5174 may include an upper cutout portion 5175 that may provide visual alignment of the backcover tab portion 5379 relative to theslot 5179 when attaching theback cover portion 5372 to thebody portion 5110, positioning of the backcover tab portion 5379 in theslot 5179, and/or accommodating the tab offset 5380 so that theback cover portion 5372 is properly positioned over theback opening 5173. After the backcover tab portion 5379 is aligned relative to theslot 5179, theback cover portion 5372 may be placed on thebody portion 5110 such that the backcover perimeter portion 5374 engages with therim portions 5174. As theback cover portion 5372 is moved toward theback wall portion 5172, the backcover tab portion 5379 may fully engage theslot 5179 and the backcover perimeter portion 5374 may engage or couple with therim portions 5174 to close theback opening 5173. As illustrated inFIGS. 51-64 , thefirst port region 5429 and thethird port region 5449 may extend into the toe-side cutout portion 5820 and the heel-side cutout portion 5840 and engage or be positioned proximate to thefirst flange portion 6020 and thesecond flange portion 6040, respectively. Theopenings ports opening 6131 of theport 5431, and theopenings ports bores shaft portions 4304 of fastener-type mass portions 4300 may then be inserted through theopenings bores back cover portion 5372 to thebody portion 5110. Thehead portion 4402 of a second plug-type mass portion 4400 may be screwed into thebore 6061 to secure the second plug-type mass portion 4400 in theport 5431 and to thebody portion 5110. The second plug-type mass portion 4400 may be screwed into thebore 6061 until theshaft portion 4404 engages the bottom of the bore 6062. Accordingly, an upper portion of theback cover portion 5372 may be secured to thebody portion 5110 by the backcover tab portion 5379 positioned in theslot 5179 and/or engaging theslot 5179, and a lower portion of theback cover portion 5372 may be secured to thebody portion 5110 by the four fastener-type mass portions 4300 securing theback cover portion 5372 to thefirst flange portion 6020 and thesecond flange portion 6040. In another example, the attachment of theback cover portion 5372 to thebody portion 5110 with the backcover tab portion 5379 and the fastener-type mass portions 4300 may be further reinforced with an adhesive or a bonding agent applied between the backcover perimeter portion 5374 and therim portions 5174. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, the
interior cavity 5120 may be partially or entirely filled with one or more filler materials (i.e., a cavity filling material), which may include one or more similar or different types of materials. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 51-64 , theinterior cavity 5120 may be filled with afiller material 5122. Theinterior cavity 5120 may be filled from any one or a combination of the ports of the first set ofports 5420, the second set ofports 5430, and the third set ofports 5440. In one example, as illustrated inFIGS. 51-64 , theinterior cavity 5120 may be filled with afiller material 5122 from any one or a combination of theopenings ports openings filler material 5122 may be used to exhaust air from inside theinterior cavity 5120 that is displaced by thefiller material 5122. Theopenings mass portions ports filler material 5122 may be a preformed or a premanufactured filler material that may be placed in theinterior cavity 5120 prior to securing theback cover portion 5372 to thebody portion 5110. In another example, theinterior cavity 5120 may be filled with two or more filler materials having similar or different physical properties as described herein or in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The filler material(s) in theinterior cavity 5120 may be any type of filler material(s) described herein. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, any one or more mass portions described herein may be constructed from a material having a density that is less than the density of the material of the golf club head. For example, for a golf club head constructed from steel, any one or more mass portions described herein may be constructed from a polymer material, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, magnesium or other materials that have a lower density than the density of steel. In another example, any one or more mass portions described herein may be constructed from a material having a density that is greater than the density of the material of the golf club head. For example, as illustrated in
FIGS. 1-64 , the golf club heads described herein may be at least partially constructed from steel, and the mass portions as described herein may be constructed from a tungsten or a tungsten alloy. Accordingly, mass portion with certain physical properties and configurations may be used for any of the golf club heads described herein to provide a pleasing sound and feel, and strategic weight placement on the body portion for golf club head mass, CG (center of gravity) location, and MOI (moment of inertia) optimization. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, as illustrated in
FIG. 65 , aprocess 6500 for manufacturing thegolf club head 2000 may include providing abody portion 2010 having a back opening 2073 (block 6510). As described herein, in one example, thesecond filler material 2024 may be in the form of a premanufactured insert. Accordingly, thesecond filler material 2024 may be inserted or placed in theinterior cavity 2020 and/or attached with one or more adhesives or bonding agents to the inner walls of thebody portion 2010 defining the interior cavity 2020 (block 6520). Theback cover portion 2272 may then be attached to thebody portion 2010 to close the back opening 2073 (block 6530) by one or more adhesives or bonding agents (i.e.,back cover portion 2272 coupled to thebody portion 2010 with one or more adhesives or bonding agents), welding, and/or soldering as described herein. After theback cover portion 2272 is attached to thebody portion 2010, any one of theopenings ports first filler material 2022 into the interior cavity 2020 (block 6540), whereas the other port may be used to exhaust air from inside theinterior cavity 2020 that is displaced by thefirst filler material 2022 as described herein. Subsequently, mass portions may be inserted into the ports of theback cover portion 2272 to close the ports as described herein. In another example, both thefirst filler material 2022 and thesecond filler material 2024 may be premanufactured inserts that are inserted into theinterior cavity 2020 before theback cover portion 2272 is attached to thebody portion 2010. In another example, both thefirst filler material 2022 and thesecond filler material 2024 may be injected into theinterior cavity 2020 after theback cover portion 2272 is attached to thebody portion 2010. In yet another example, thegolf club head 2000 may include only a single filler material similar to the golf club heads 3400 and 5100. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - In one example, as illustrated in
FIG. 66 , aprocess 6600 for manufacturing thegolf club head 3400 may include providing a body portion 3410 (block 6610) having aback opening 3473 as described herein. Theback cover portion 3672 may be attached to the body portion 3410 (block 6620) to close theback opening 3473 by one or more fastener-type mass portions as described herein. According to the illustrated example ofFIGS. 34-50 , theback cover portion 3672 may be attached to thebody portion 3410 by engagement of the backcover tab portion 3679 with theslot 3479 of thebody portion 3410 and by two fastener-type mass portions 4300 attaching theback cover portion 3672 to thefirst flange portion 4620 and thesecond flange portion 4640 as described herein. After theback cover portion 3672 is attached to thebody portion 3410, any one of theopenings ports filler material 3422 into the interior cavity 3420 (block 6630), whereas the other port of theback cover portion 3672 may be used to exhaust the air from inside theinterior cavity 3420 that is displaced by thefiller material 3422 as described herein. Subsequently, mass portions may be inserted into theports filler material 3422 and may be a premanufactured insert that may be attached to thebody portion 3410 or placed in theinterior cavity 3420 before theback cover portion 3672 is attached to thebody portion 3410. In yet another example, more than one filler material may be placed in theinterior cavity 3420 similar to the filler materials and associated processes of thegolf club head 2000 as described herein. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - A process for manufacturing the
golf club head 5100 may be similar in many respects to theprocess 6600. According to the illustrated example ofFIGS. 51-64 , theback cover portion 5372 may be attached to thebody portion 5110 by engagement of the backcover tab portion 5379 with theslot 5179 of thebody portion 5110 and by four fastener-type mass portions 4300 attaching theback cover portion 5372 to thefirst flange portion 6020 and thesecond flange portion 6040 as described herein. According to the illustrated example ofFIGS. 51-64 , a fastener-type mass portion may be screwed into one of thebores 6022 and 6024 of thefirst flange portion 6020 and a fastener-type mass portion may be screwed into one of thebores 6042 and 6044 of thesecond flange portion 6040 to attach theback cover portion 5372 to thebody portion 5110 as described herein. After theback cover portion 3672 is attached to the body portion 3410 (block 6620) by at least one of the fastener-type mass portions 4300, any one of theopenings filler material 5122 into the interior cavity 5120 (block 6630), whereas the other ports may be used to exhaust air from inside theinterior cavity 5120 that is displaced by thefiller material 5122 as described herein. In one example, theback cover portion 5372 may be attached to thebody portion 5110 by a fastener-type mass portion 4300 being inserted into any one of theports bores 6022 or 6024, respectively, and another fastener-type mass portion 4300 being inserted into any one of theports bores 6042 or 6044, respectively. Any one of theports interior cavity 5120 with thefiller material 5122. Subsequently, fastener-type mass portions 4300 may be inserted into the open ports and screwed into the corresponding bores of thefirst flange portion 6020 and thesecond flange portion 6040 to close the open ports and complete attachment of theback cover portion 5372 to thebody portion 5110. In another example, thefiller material 5122 and may be premanufactured insert that may be attached to thebody portion 5110 or placed in theinterior cavity 5120 before theback cover portion 5372 is attached to thebody portion 5110. In yet another example, more than one filler material may be placed in theinterior cavity 5120 similar to the filler materials and associated processes of thegolf club head 2000 as described herein. Any of the steps in theprocesses process 6500 or theprocess 6600. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard. - Any of the golf club heads described herein may be an iron-type golf club head (e.g., a 1-iron, a 2-iron, a 3-iron, a 4-iron, a 5-iron, a 6-iron, a 7-iron, an 8-iron, a 9-iron, etc.), or a wedge-type golf club head (e.g., a pitching wedge, a lob wedge, a sand wedge, an n-degree wedge such as 44 degrees)(°, 48°, 52°, 56°, 60°, etc.). Although a particular type of club head may be depicted and described, the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein may be applicable to other types of club heads (e.g., a driver-type club head, a fairway wood-type club head, a hybrid-type club head, a putter-type club head, etc.). The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard.
- The body portion and/or the face portion of any of the golf club heads described herein may be partially or entirely made of a steel-based material (e.g., 17-4 PH stainless steel, Nitronic® 50 stainless steel, alloy steel 8620, maraging steel or other types of stainless steel), a titanium-based material, an aluminum-based material (e.g., a high-strength aluminum alloy or a composite aluminum alloy coated with a high-strength alloy), any combination thereof, non-metallic materials, composite materials, and/or other suitable types of materials. The body portion and/or the face portion may be constructed with materials that are similar to any of the body portions and/or face portions described herein or in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard.
- In one example, the area of the front surface of the face portion of any of the golf club heads described herein may be greater than or equal to 330 mm2 and less than or equal to 5000 mm2. In another example, the area of the front surface of the face portion of any of the golf club heads described herein may be greater than or equal to 1000 mm2 and less than or equal to 5300 mm2. In yet another example, the area of the front surface of the face portion of any of the golf club heads described herein may be greater than or equal to 1500 mm2 and less than or equal to 4800 mm2. While the above examples may describe particular areas, the area of the front surface may greater than or less than those numbers. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard.
- In one example, a filler material as described herein may include an elastic polymer or an elastomer material (e.g., a viscoelastic urethane polymer material such as Sorbothane® material manufactured by Sorbothane, Inc., Kent, Ohio), a thermoplastic elastomer material (TPE), a thermoplastic polyurethane material (TPU), other polymer material(s), bonding material(s) (e.g., adhesive), and/or other suitable types of materials that may absorb shock, isolate vibration, and/or dampen noise. In another example, a filler material may be one or more thermoset polymers having bonding properties (e.g., one or more adhesive or epoxy materials). A material may also absorb shock, isolate vibration, and/or dampen noise when a golf club head as described herein strikes a golf ball. Further, a filler material may be an epoxy material that may be flexible or slightly flexible when cured. In another example, a filler material may include any of the 3M™ Scotch-Weld™ DP100 family of epoxy adhesives (e.g., 3M™ Scotch-Weld™ Epoxy Adhesives DP100, DP100 Plus, DP100NS and DP1001-R), which are manufactured by 3M corporation of St. Paul, Minnesota. In another example, a filler material may include 3M™ Scotch-Weld™ DP100 Plus Clear adhesive. In another example, a filler material may include low-viscosity, organic, solvent-based solutions and/or dispersions of polymers and other reactive chemicals such as MEGUM™, ROBOND™, and/or THIXON™ materials manufactured by the Dow Chemical Company, Auburn Hills, Michigan. In yet another example, a filler material may be LOCTITE® materials manufactured by Henkel Corporation, Rocky Hill, Connecticut. In another example, a filler material may be a polymer material such as an ethylene copolymer material that may absorb shock, isolate vibration, and/or dampen noise when a golf club head strikes a golf ball via the face portion. In another example, a filler material may be a high density ethylene copolymer ionomer, a fatty acid modified ethylene copolymer ionomer, a highly amorphous ethylene copolymer ionomer, an ionomer of ethylene acid acrylate terpolymer, an ethylene copolymer comprising a magnesium ionomer, an injection moldable ethylene copolymer that may be used in conventional injection molding equipment to create various shapes, an ethylene copolymer that can be used in conventional extrusion equipment to create various shapes, an ethylene copolymer having high compression and low resilience similar to thermoset polybutadiene rubbers, and/or a blend of highly neutralized polymer compositions, highly neutralized acid polymers or highly neutralized acid polymer compositions, and fillers. For example, the ethylene copolymer may include any of the ethylene copolymers associated with DuPont′ High-Performance Resin (HPF) family of materials (e.g., DuPont′ HPF AD1172, DuPont′ HPF AD1035, DuPont® HPF 1000 and DuPont′ HPF 2000), which are manufactured by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company of Wilmington, Delaware. The DuPont′ HPF family of ethylene copolymers are injection moldable and may be used with conventional injection molding equipment and molds, provide low compression, and provide high resilience, i.e., relatively high coefficient of restitution (COR). In another example, any one or more of the filler materials described herein may be formed from one or more metals or metal alloys, such as aluminum, copper, zinc, and/or titanium. A filler material not specifically described in detail herein may include one or more similar or different types of materials described herein and in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard.
- Any of the filler materials described herein may be subjected to different processes during manufacturing of any of the golf club heads described herein. Such processes may include one or more filler materials being heated and/or cooled by conduction, convection, and/or radiation during one or more injection molding processes or post injection molding curing processes. For example, all of the heating and cooling processes may be performed by using heating or cooling systems that employ conveyor belts that move a golf club head described herein through a heating or cooling environment for a period of time as described herein. The processes of manufacturing a golf club head with one or more filler materials may be similar to any of the processes described in any of the incorporated by reference publications. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard.
- The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein may include one or more club identifiers (e.g., a serial number, a matrix barcode, a trademark, a club number, a loft angle, a character, etc.). For example, any of the golf club heads described herein may include a visual indicator such as a club number to identify the type of golf club. In particular, the club number may correspond to the loft angle of the golf club head (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9). In one example, a 7-iron type golf club head may be marked with “7”. In another example, a golf club head may be marked with the loft angle. For example, a 1-degree wedge type golf club head may be marked “1”. In yet another example, a 10.5-degree driver type golf club head may be marked “10.5.” Any marking(s) associated with a club identifier may be visually differentiated (e.g., different color, texture, pattern, etc.) from the rest of a golf club head. To distinguish from other golf club heads, a golf club head as described herein may include a trademark (e.g., a word, a name, a symbol, a design, or any combination thereof) to identify a brand name or a model of the golf club head (e.g., distinguish from other manufacturer or seller). The club identifier may be another type of visual indicator such as a product number or a serial number to identify the golf club head as authentic equipment, to track inventory, or to distinguish the golf club head from fake or counterfeit products. Alternatively, the club identifier may be a digital signature or a machine-readable optical representation of information or data about the golf club head (e.g., numeric character(s), alphanumeric character(s), byte(s), a one-dimensional barcode such as a Universal Product Code (UPC), a two-dimensional barcode such as a Quick Response (QR) code, etc.). The club identifier may be placed at various location on the golf club head (e.g., the heel portion, the hosel portion, the face portion, the top portion, the sole portion, etc.) using various methods (e.g., painted, laser etched, stamped, casted, or molded onto the golf club head). For example, the club identifier may be a serial number laser etched onto the hosel portion of the golf club head. Instead of being an integral part of the golf club head, the club identifier may be a separate component coupled to the golf club head (e.g., a label adhered via an adhesive or an epoxy). The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard.
- Any of the apparatus, methods, or articles of manufacture described herein may include one or more visual identifiers such as alphanumeric characters, colors, images, symbols, logos, and/or geometric shapes. For example, one or more visual identifiers may be manufactured with one or more portions of a golf club such as the golf club head (e.g., casted or molded with the golf club head), painted on the golf club head, etched on the golf club (e.g., laser etching), embossed on the golf club head, machined onto the golf club head, attached as a separate badge or a sticker on the golf club head (e.g., adhesive, welding, brazing, mechanical lock(s), any combination thereof, etc.), or any combination thereof. The visual identifier may be made from the same material as the golf club head or a different material than the golf club head (e.g., a plastic badge attached to the golf club head with an adhesive). Further, the visual identifier may be associated with manufacturing and/or brand information of the golf club head, the type of golf club head, one or more physical characteristics of the golf club head, or any combination thereof. In particular, a visual identifier may include a brand identifier associated with a manufacturer of the golf club (e.g., trademark, trade name, logo, etc.) or other information regarding the manufacturer. In addition, or alternatively, the visual identifier may include a location (e.g., country of origin), a date of manufacture of the golf club or golf club head, or both.
- The visual identifier may include a serial number of the golf club or golf club head, which may be used to check the authenticity to determine whether or not the golf club or golf club head is a counterfeit product. The serial number may also include other information about the golf club that may be encoded with alphanumeric characters (e.g., country of origin, date of manufacture of the golf club, or both). In another example, the visual identifier may include the category or type of the golf club head (e.g., 5-iron, 7-iron, pitching wedge, etc.). In yet another example, the visual identifier may indicate one or more physical characteristics of the golf club head, such as one or more materials of manufacture (e.g., visual identifier of “Titanium” indicating the use of titanium in the golf club head), loft angle, face portion characteristics, mass portion characteristics (e.g., visual identifier of “Tungsten” indicating the use of tungsten mass portions in the golf club head), interior cavity and filler material characteristics (e.g., one or more abbreviations, phrases, or words indicating that the interior cavity is filled with a polymer material), any other information that may visually indicate any physical or play characteristic of the golf club head, or any combination thereof. Further, one or more visual identifiers may provide an ornamental design or contribute to the appearance of the golf club, or the golf club head.
- Any of the golf club heads described herein may be manufactured by casting from metal such as steel. However, other techniques for manufacturing a golf club head as described herein may be used such as 3D printing or molding a golf club head from metal or non-metal materials such as ceramics.
- All methods described herein may be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. Although a particular order of actions may be described herein with respect to one or more processes, these actions may be performed in other temporal sequences. Further, two or more actions in any of the processes described herein may be performed sequentially, concurrently, or simultaneously.
- As the rules of golf may change from time to time (e.g., new regulations may be adopted or old rules may be eliminated or modified by golf standard organizations and/or governing bodies such as the United States Golf Association (USGA), the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews (R&A), etc.), golf equipment related to the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein may be conforming or non-conforming to the rules of golf at any particular time. Accordingly, golf equipment related to the apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein may be advertised, offered for sale, and/or sold as conforming or non-conforming golf equipment. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein are not limited in this regard.
- Recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. A numerical range defined using the word “between” includes numerical values at both end points of the numerical range. A spatial range defined using the word “between” includes any point within the spatial range and the boundaries of the spatial range. A location expressed relative to two spaced apart or overlapping elements using the word “between” includes (i) any space between the elements, (ii) a portion of each element, and/or (iii) the boundaries of each element.
- The terms “a,” “an,” and/or “the” used in the context of describing various embodiments the present disclosure are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The term “coupled”, and any variation thereof refer to directly or indirectly connecting two or more elements chemically, mechanically, and/or otherwise. The phrase “removably connected” is defined such that two elements that are “removably connected” may be separated from each other without breaking or destroying the utility of either element.
- The term “substantially” when used to describe a characteristic, parameter, property, or value of an element may represent deviations or variations that do not diminish the characteristic, parameter, property, or value that the element may be intended to provide. Deviations or variations in a characteristic, parameter, property, or value of an element may be based on, for example, tolerances, measurement errors, measurement accuracy limitations and other factors. The term “proximate” is synonymous with terms such as “adjacent,” “close,” “immediate,” “nearby”, “neighboring”, etc., and such terms may be used interchangeably as appearing in this disclosure.
- The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”) provided herein is intended merely for clarification and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of any embodiments discussed herein. The apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture described herein may be implemented in a variety of embodiments, and the foregoing description of some of these embodiments does not necessarily represent a complete description of all possible embodiments. Instead, the description of the drawings, and the drawings themselves, disclose at least one embodiment, and may disclosure alternative embodiments.
- Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member may be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements disclosed herein. One or more members of a group may be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and/or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all Markush groups used in the appended claims.
- While different features or aspects of an embodiment may be described with respect to one or more features, a singular feature may comprise multiple elements, and multiple features may be combined into one element without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Further, although methods may be disclosed as comprising one or more operations, a single operation may comprise multiple steps, and multiple operations may be combined into one step without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
- Although certain example apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture have been described herein, the scope of coverage of this disclosure is not limited thereto. On the contrary, this disclosure covers all apparatus, methods, and articles of articles of manufacture fairly falling within the scope of the appended claims either literally or under the doctrine of equivalents.
Claims (20)
1. A golf club head comprising:
a hollow body portion comprising a front portion with a face portion, a back portion with a back opening, a first flange portion between the back opening and the face portion and including a first flange bore, and a second flange portion between the back opening and the face portion and including a second flange bore;
a back cover portion coupled to the hollow body portion to close the back opening, the back cover portion comprising:
a first port extending through the back cover portion and axially aligned with the first flange bore, a distance between the first port and a toe portion edge of the hollow body portion being less than a distance between the first port and a heel portion edge of the hollow body portion; and
a second port extending through the back cover portion and axially aligned with the second flange bore, a distance between the second port and the heel portion edge being less than a distance between the first port and the heel portion edge;
a first mass portion configured to engage the first port and the first flange bore to secure the back cover portion to the first flange portion; and
a second mass portion configured to engage the second port and the second flange bore to secure the back cover portion to the second flange portion,
wherein the first mass portion comprises a material having a greater density than a material of the hollow body portion and a material of the back cover portion,
wherein the second mass portion comprises a material having a greater density than a material of the hollow body portion and a material of the back cover portion,
wherein the hollow body portion has a volume of less than or equal to 100 cubic centimeters, and
wherein the back cover portion comprises at least 50% of a total area of the back opening.
2. A golf club head as defined in claim 1 , wherein the hollow body portion is at least partially filled with a filler material.
3. A golf club head as defined in claim 1 , wherein the back cover portion comprises a material having a lower density than the material of the hollow body portion.
4. A golf club head as defined in claim 1 , wherein the back cover portion comprises a composite-type material.
5. A golf club head as defined in claim 1 , wherein the first port and the second port are configured to interchangeably receive the first mass portion and the second mass portion.
6. A golf club head as defined in claim 1 further comprising a third mass portion coupled to the hollow body portion between the first mass portion and the second mass portion, wherein the third mass portion has a greater mass than the first mass portion, and wherein the third mass portion has a greater mass than the second mass portion.
7. A golf club head as defined in claim 1 further comprising a third mass portion coupled to the hollow body portion between the first mass portion and the second mass portion, wherein a maximum width of the hollow body portion is between the first mass portion and the third mass portion proximate to the toe portion edge.
8. An iron-type golf club head comprising:
a hollow body portion comprising a front portion with a front opening and a back portion with a back opening;
a face portion coupled to the front portion to close the front opening;
a back cover portion coupled to the back portion to close the back opening, the back cover portion comprising:
a first port extending through the back cover portion, a distance between the first port and a toe portion edge of the hollow body portion being less than a distance between the first port and a heel portion edge of the hollow body portion; and
a second port extending through the back cover portion, a distance between the second port and the heel portion edge being less than a distance between the first port and the heel portion edge;
a first mass portion configured to engage the first port to close the first port; and
a second mass portion configured to engage the second port to close the second port,
wherein the first mass portion comprises a material having a greater density than a material of the hollow body portion and a material of the back cover portion,
wherein the second mass portion comprises a material having a greater density than a material of the hollow body portion and a material of the back cover portion, and
wherein the back cover portion comprises at least 50% of a total area of the back portion.
9. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 8 , wherein the hollow body portion is at least partially filled with a filler material having a greater elasticity than a material of the hollow body portion and a material of the face portion.
10. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 8 , wherein the back cover portion comprises a composite-type material.
11. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 8 , wherein the first mass portion engages the hollow body portion to attach the back cover portion to the hollow body portion.
12. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 8 , wherein the second mass portion engages the hollow body portion to attach the back cover portion to the hollow body portion.
13. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 8 , wherein a perimeter portion of the back cover portion engages a perimeter portion of the back opening to maintain the back cover portion coupled to the hollow body portion.
14. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 8 further comprising a third mass portion having a greater mass than the first mass portion and the second mass portion.
15. An iron-type golf club head comprising:
a body portion comprising an interior cavity, a front portion with a front opening, and a back portion with a back opening;
a face portion coupled to the front portion to close the front opening;
a back cover portion coupled to the back portion to close the back opening, the back cover portion comprising a composite-type material;
a first mass portion comprising a material having a greater density than a material of the body portion; and
a second mass portion comprising a material having a greater density than the material of the body portion,
wherein the first mass portion is configured to attach the back portion to the body portion at a location between a center portion of the back portion and a toe portion edge of the body portion,
wherein the second mass portion is configured to attach the back portion to the body portion at a location between the center portion of the back portion and a heel portion edge of the body portion,
wherein the body portion has a volume of less than or equal to 100 cubic centimeters, and
wherein the back cover portion comprises at least 50% of a total area of the back portion.
16. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 15 , wherein the face portion and the back cover portion define the interior cavity, and wherein the interior cavity is at least partially filled with a filler material.
17. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 15 further comprising a third mass portion coupled to the body portion at or proximate to the center portion of the back portion.
18. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 15 further comprising a third mass portion coupled to the body portion at or proximate to the center portion of the back portion, wherein the face portion and the back cover portion define the interior cavity, wherein a maximum width of the body portion is between the first mass portion and the third mass portion proximate to the toe portion edge of the body portion.
19. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 15 , wherein a perimeter portion of the back cover portion engages a perimeter portion of the back opening to maintain the back cover portion coupled to the body portion.
20. An iron-type golf club head as defined in claim 15 , wherein the face portion comprises a plurality of grooves on an outer side of the face portion, and at least one groove on an inner side of the face portion.
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US18/392,135 US20240123297A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2023-12-21 | Golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads |
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US201962908467P | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | |
US16/590,105 US10632349B2 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2019-10-01 | Golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads |
US16/820,136 US10874919B2 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2020-03-16 | Golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads |
US17/099,362 US11291890B2 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2020-11-16 | Golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads |
US202163135426P | 2021-01-08 | 2021-01-08 | |
US202163171481P | 2021-04-06 | 2021-04-06 | |
US17/545,708 US11369847B2 (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2021-12-08 | Golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads |
US17/750,053 US11890515B2 (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2022-05-20 | Golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads |
US18/392,135 US20240123297A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2023-12-21 | Golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads |
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-
2021
- 2021-12-08 US US17/545,708 patent/US11369847B2/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-05-20 US US17/750,053 patent/US11890515B2/en active Active
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US11890515B2 (en) | 2024-02-06 |
US20220096902A1 (en) | 2022-03-31 |
US11369847B2 (en) | 2022-06-28 |
US20220273993A1 (en) | 2022-09-01 |
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