US20240114784A1 - Organic light emitting device - Google Patents

Organic light emitting device Download PDF

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US20240114784A1
US20240114784A1 US18/272,067 US202218272067A US2024114784A1 US 20240114784 A1 US20240114784 A1 US 20240114784A1 US 202218272067 A US202218272067 A US 202218272067A US 2024114784 A1 US2024114784 A1 US 2024114784A1
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substituted
unsubstituted
light emitting
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deuteriums
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Seulchan PARK
Sang Duk Suh
Min Woo JUNG
Jungha Lee
Su Jin HAN
Sunghyun Hwang
Dong Hoon Lee
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LG Chem Ltd
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LG Chem Ltd
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Priority claimed from KR1020220053538A external-priority patent/KR20220149469A/ko
Assigned to LG CHEM, LTD. reassignment LG CHEM, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HAN, SU JIN, HWANG, SUNGHYUN, JUNG, MIN WOO, LEE, DONG HOON, LEE, JUNGHA, PARK, Seulchan, SUH, SANG DUK
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    • C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
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    • H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
    • H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
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    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an organic light emitting device.
  • an organic light emitting phenomenon refers to a phenomenon where electric energy is converted into light energy by using an organic material.
  • the organic light emitting device using the organic light emitting phenomenon has characteristics such as a wide viewing angle, an excellent contrast, a fast response time, an excellent luminance, driving voltage and response speed, and thus many studies have proceeded.
  • the organic light emitting device generally has a structure which comprises an anode, a cathode, and an organic material layer between the anode and the cathode.
  • the organic material layer frequently has a multilayered structure that comprises different materials in order to enhance efficiency and stability of the organic light emitting device, and for example, the organic material layer may be formed of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and the like.
  • the holes are injected from an anode into the organic material layer and the electrons are injected from the cathode into the organic material layer, and when the injected holes and electrons meet each other, an exciton is formed, and light is emitted when the exciton falls to a ground state again.
  • an organic light emitting device comprising:
  • the above-mentioned organic light emitting device is excellent in driving voltage, efficiency, and lifetime.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of an organic light emitting device comprising a substrate 1 , an anode 2 , a light emitting layer 3 , and a cathode 4 .
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of an organic light emitting device comprising a substrate 1 , an anode 2 , a hole injection layer 5 , a hole transport layer 6 , a light emitting layer 3 , an electron transport layer 7 , an electron injection layer 8 and a cathode 4 .
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of an organic light emitting device comprising a substrate 1 , an anode 2 , a hole injection layer 5 , a hole transport layer 6 , an electron blocking layer 9 , a light emitting layer 3 , a hole blocking layer 10 , an electron transport layer 7 , an electron injection layer 8 and a cathode 4 .
  • substituted or unsubstituted means being unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the substituent group consisting of deuterium; a halogen group; a nitrile group; a nitro group; a hydroxy group; a carbonyl group; an ester group; an imide group; an amino group; a phosphine oxide group; an alkoxy group; an aryloxy group; an alkylthioxy group; an arylthioxy group; an alkylsulfoxy group; an arylsulfoxy group; a silyl group; a boron group; an alkyl group; a cycloalkyl group; an alkenyl group; an aryl group; an aralkyl group; an aralkenyl group; an alkylaryl group; an alkylamine group; an aralkylamine group; a heteroarylamine group; an arylamine
  • the carbon number of a carbonyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 40.
  • the carbonyl group may be a compound having the following structural formulas, but is not limited thereto
  • an ester group may have a structure in which oxygen of the ester group may be substituted by a straight-chain, branched-chain, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms.
  • the ester group may be a compound having the following structural formulas, but is not limited thereto.
  • the carbon number of an imide group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 25.
  • the imide group may be a compound having the following structural formulas, but is not limited thereto.
  • a silyl group specifically includes a trimethylsilyl group, a triethylsilyl group, a t-butyldimethylsilyl group, a vinyldimethylsilyl group, a propyldimethylsilyl group, a triphenylsilyl group, a diphenylsilyl group, a phenylsilyl group and the like, but is not limited thereto.
  • a boron group specifically includes a trimethylboron group, a triethylboron group, a t-butyldimethylboron group, a triphenylboron group, and a phenylboron group, but is not limited thereto.
  • examples of a halogen group include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
  • the alkyl group may be straight-chain or branched-chain, and the carbon number thereof is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 40. According to one embodiment, the carbon number of the alkyl group is 1 to 20. According to another embodiment, the carbon number of the alkyl group is 1 to 10. According to another embodiment, the carbon number of the alkyl group is 1 to 6.
  • alkyl group examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, 1-methyl-butyl, 1-ethyl-butyl, pentyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, heptyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, octyl, n-octyl, tert-octyl, 1-methylheptyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-
  • the alkenyl group may be straight-chain or branched-chain, and the carbon number thereof is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 40. According to one embodiment, the carbon number of the alkenyl group is 2 to 20. According to another embodiment, the carbon number of the alkenyl group is 2 to 10. According to still another embodiment, the carbon number of the alkenyl group is 2 to 6.
  • Specific examples thereof include vinyl, 1-propenyl, isopropenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-1-butenyl, 1,3-butadienyl, allyl, 1-phenylvinyl-1-yl, 2-phenylvinyl-1-yl, 2,2-diphenylvinyl-1-yl, 2-phenyl-2-(naphthyl-1-yl)vinyl-1-yl, 2,2-bis(diphenyl-1-yl)vinyl-1-yl, a stilbenyl group, a styrenyl group, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • a cycloalkyl group is not particularly limited, but the carbon number thereof is preferably 3 to 60. According to one embodiment, the carbon number of the cycloalkyl group is 3 to 30. According to another embodiment, the carbon number of the cycloalkyl group is 3 to 20.
  • the carbon number of the cycloalkyl group is 3 to 6.
  • Specific examples thereof include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, 3-methylcyclopentyl, 2,3-dimethylcyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 3-methylcyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, 2,3-dimethylcyclohexyl, 3,4,5-trimethylcyclohexyl, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • an aryl group is not particularly limited, but the carbon number thereof is preferably 6 to 60, and it may be a monocyclic aryl group or a polycyclic aryl group. According to one embodiment, the carbon number of the aryl group is 6 to 30. According to one embodiment, the carbon number of the aryl group is 6 to 20.
  • the aryl group may be a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group or the like as the monocyclic aryl group, but is not limited thereto.
  • the polycyclic aryl group includes a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a perylenyl group, a chrysenyl group, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
  • the fluorenyl group may be substituted, and two substituents may be linked with each other to form a spiro structure.
  • the fluorenyl group is substituted,
  • a heterocyclic group is a heterocyclic group containing one or more of O, N, Si and S as a heteroatom, and the carbon number thereof is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 60.
  • the heterocyclic group include a thiophene group, a furan group, a pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a thiazole group, an oxazol group, an oxadiazol group, a triazol group, a pyridyl group, a bipyridyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a triazine group, an acridyl group, a pyridazine group, a pyrazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, a quinazoline group, a quinoxalinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a pyridopyrimidinyl group, a pyridopyrazinyl
  • the aryl group in the aralkyl group, the aralkenyl group, the alkylaryl group and the arylamine group is the same as the aforementioned examples of the aryl group.
  • the alkyl group in the aralkyl group, the alkylaryl group and the alkylamine group is the same as the aforementioned examples of the alkyl group.
  • the heteroaryl in the heteroarylamine can be applied to the aforementioned description of the heterocyclic group.
  • the alkenyl group in the aralkenyl group is the same as the aforementioned examples of the alkenyl group.
  • the aforementioned description of the aryl group may be applied except that the arylene is a divalent group.
  • the aforementioned description of the heterocyclic group can be applied except that the heteroarylene is a divalent group.
  • the aforementioned description of the aryl group or cycloalkyl group can be applied except that the hydrocarbon ring is not a monovalent group but formed by combining two substituent groups.
  • the aforementioned description of the heterocyclic group can be applied, except that the heterocycle is not a monovalent group but formed by combining two substituent groups.
  • An anode and a cathode used in the present disclosure mean electrodes used in an organic light emitting device.
  • anode material generally, a material having a large work function is preferably used so that holes can be smoothly injected into the organic material layer.
  • the anode material include metals such as vanadium, chrome, copper, zinc, and gold, or an alloy thereof; metal oxides such as zinc oxides, indium oxides, indium tin oxides (ITO), and indium zinc oxides (IZO); a combination of metals and oxides, such as ZnO:Al or SNO 2 :Sb; conductive polymers such as poly(3-methylthiophene), poly[3,4-(ethylene-1,2-dioxy)thiophene](PEDOT), polypyrrole, and polyaniline, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • the cathode material generally, a material having a small work function is preferably used so that electrons can be easily injected into the organic material layer.
  • the cathode material include metals such as magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, titanium, indium, yttrium, lithium, gadolinium, aluminum, silver, tin, and lead, or an alloy thereof; a multilayered structure material such as LiF/Al or LiO 2 /Al, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • the light emitting layer used in the present disclosure is a layer that can emit light in the visible light region by combining holes and electrons transported from the anode and the cathode.
  • the light emitting layer includes a host material and a dopant material, and in the present disclosure, the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and the compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 are included as a host
  • At least one of X 1 to X 3 are N, and preferably, at least two are N. In one embodiment, X 1 to X 3 are all N.
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 6-20 aryl; or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-20 heteroaryl containing any one or more selected from the group consisting of N, O and S.
  • Each of the Ar 1 and Ar 2 may be substituted with one or more deuteriums.
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently phenyl; phenyl substituted with five deuteriums; biphenylyl; biphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl; phenanthrenyl; carbazolyl; carbazolyl substituted with six deuteriums; dibenzofuranyl; dibenzothiophenyl; or triphenylenyl.
  • Ar 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 6-25 aryl.
  • the Ar 3 may be substituted with one or more deuterium.
  • Ar 3 is phenyl; phenyl substituted with five deuteriums; biphenylyl; biphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl; terphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl substituted with one phenyl; naphthyl; naphthylphenyl; phenanthrenyl; triphenylenyl; triphenylenyl substituted with nine deuteriums; triphenylenylphenyl; 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl; or 9,9′-spirobifluorenyl.
  • each R 1 is independently hydrogen or deuterium.
  • Y is O or S
  • at least two of X 1 to X 3 are N
  • each R 1 is independently hydrogen or deuterium
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently phenyl; phenyl substituted with five deuteriums; biphenylyl; biphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl; phenanthrenyl; carbazolyl; carbazolyl substituted with six deuteriums; dibenzofuranyl; or dibenzothiophenyl; triphenylenyl
  • Ar 3 is a C 6-25 aryl unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium.
  • Y is O or S
  • at least two of X 1 to X 3 are N
  • each R 1 is independently hydrogen or deuterium
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently a C 6-20 aryl substituted or unsubstituted with deuterium; or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-20 heteroaryl containing any one or more selected from the group consisting of N, O and S
  • Ar 3 is phenyl; phenyl substituted with five deuteriums; biphenylyl; biphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl; terphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl substituted with one phenyl; naphthyl; naphthylphenyl; phenanthrenyl; triphenylenyl; triphenylenyl substituted with nine deuteriums; triphenylenylphenyl; 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl; or 9,9′
  • Y is O or S
  • at least two of X 1 to X 3 are N
  • each R 1 is independently hydrogen or deuterium
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently phenyl; phenyl substituted with five deuteriums; biphenylyl; biphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl; phenanthrenyl; carbazolyl; carbazolyl substituted with six deuteriums; dibenzofuranyl; or dibenzothiophenyl; triphenylenyl
  • Ar 3 is phenyl; phenyl substituted with five deuteriums; biphenylyl; biphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl; terphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl substituted with one phenyl; naphthyl; naphthylphenyl; phenanthrenyl; triphenylenyl; triphenylenyl
  • Y is O or S
  • X 1 to X 3 are all N
  • each R 1 is independently hydrogen or deuterium
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently phenyl; phenyl substituted with five deuteriums; biphenylyl; biphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl; phenanthrenyl; carbazolyl; carbazolyl substituted with six deuteriums; dibenzofuranyl; or dibenzothiophenyl; triphenylenyl
  • Ar 3 is phenyl; phenyl substituted with five deuteriums; biphenylyl; biphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl; terphenylyl substituted with five deuteriums; terphenylyl substituted with one phenyl; naphthyl; naphthylphenyl; phenanthrenyl; triphenylenyl; triphenylenyl substituted with
  • the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 can be prepared by a preparation method as follows as an example.
  • Reaction Scheme 1 is a Suzuki coupling reaction, which is preferably carried out in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base, and a reactive group for the Suzuki coupling reaction can be modified as known in the art.
  • the compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 is characterized in that it has at least one deuterium.
  • At least one of R′ 1 is deuterium; at least one of R′ 1 is deuterium, at least one substituent of Ar′ 1 and Ar′ 2 includes at least one deuterium; or when R′ 1 is not all deuterium, at least one substituent of Ar′ 1 and Ar′ 2 may include at least one deuterium.
  • the Chemical Formula 2 may be represented by any one of the following Chemical Formulas 2-1 to 2-4:
  • each R′ 1 is independently hydrogen or deuterium.
  • Ar′ 1 and Ar′ 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 6-21 aryl; or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-20 heteroaryl containing any one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S.
  • Ar′ 1 and Ar′ 2 are each independently phenyl; biphenylyl; terphenylyl; dimethyl fluorenyl; dibenzofuranyl; or dibenzothiophenyl, the phenyl; biphenylyl; terphenylyl; dimethyl fluorenyl; dibenzofuranyl; or dibenzothiophenyl may be each independently unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents of deuterium, methyl, dimethylfluorenyl, dibenzofuranyl, or dibenzothiophenyl.
  • Ar′ 1 and Ar′ 2 are each independently phenyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to five deuteriums; biphenylyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to nine deuteriums; methyl-biphenylyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to eleven deuteriums; dimethyl-biphenylyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to thirteen deuteriums; terphenylyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to thirteen deuteriums; dimethylfluorenyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to thirteen deuteriums; dibenzofuranyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to seven deuteriums; dibenzothiophenyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to seven deuteriums; dimethylfluorenyl-phenyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to seventeen deuteriums; dibenzofuranyl-phenyl unsubstit
  • methyl-biphenylyl means biphenylyl substituted with one methyl
  • ‘dimethyl-biphenylyl’ means biphenylyl substituted with two methyls.
  • dimethylfluorenyl-phenyl means phenyl substituted with one dimethylfluorene
  • ‘dibenzofuranyl-phenyl’ means phenyl substituted with one dibenzofuran
  • dibenzothiophenyl-phenyl means phenyl substituted with one dibenzothiophene.
  • ‘Unsubstituted methyl-biphenylyl’ means that all hydrogens contained in biphenylyl and methyl bonded to the biphenylyl are not substituted, and ‘methyl-biphenylyl substituted with one to eleven deuteriums’ means that one to eleven of the total hydrogens contained in the methyl-biphenylyl are substituted with deuterium. That is, in ‘methyl-biphenylyl substituted with one deuterium’, deuterium may be included in biphenylyl or methyl bonded to biphenylyl.
  • n′ is an integer from 6 to 10
  • R′ 1 is deuterium
  • Ar′ 1 and Ar′ 2 are each independently phenyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to five deuteriums; biphenylyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to nine deuteriums; methyl-biphenylyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to eleven deuteriums; dimethyl-biphenylyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to thirteen deuteriums; terphenylyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to thirteen deuteriums; dimethylfluorenyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to thirteen deuteriums; dibenzofuranyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to seven deuteriums; dibenzothiophenyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to seven deuteriums; dimethylfluorenyl-phenyl unsubstituted or substituted with one to seventeen de
  • the deuterium substitution rate of Chemical Formula 2 is 60 to 100%.
  • the deuterium substitution rate means the number of substituted deuterium contained in the Chemical Formula 2 relative to the total number of hydrogens that can be present in the Chemical Formula 2.
  • the deuterium substitution rate of Chemical Formula 3 is 65% or more, 70% or more, 75% or more, 80% or more, 85% or more, 90% or more, and 99% or less, 98% or less, 97% or less, 96% or less, 95% or less, 94% or less, 93% or less, or 92% or less,
  • the two methyl groups contained in the dimethylfluorenyl may be each independently CH 3 , CH 2 D, CHD 2 , or CD 3 .
  • the compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 can be prepared by a preparation method as follows.
  • Reaction Scheme 2 is an amine substitution reaction, which is preferably carried out in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base, and a reactive group for the amine substitution reaction can be modified as known in the art.
  • the weight ratio between the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 to the compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 is 1:99 to 99:1, 5:95 to 95:5, or 10:90 to 90:10.
  • the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and the compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 may be included in the light emitting layer as a simple mixture or may be included in the light emitting layer as an organic alloy.
  • the organic alloy is a material obtained by pre-treating more than two single organic compounds, and may have a chemical interaction between the single organic compounds due to the pre-treatment.
  • the pre-treating may be a heat treatment such as heating and sublimation followed by cooling, but is not limited thereto.
  • the organic alloy has a chemical interaction between two or more single organic compounds as described above and thus, has different intrinsic characteristics from the single organic compounds and their simple mixture having no chemical interaction between single organic compounds.
  • the simple mixture means a mixture obtained by physically mixing single organic compounds without any pre-treatment.
  • a simple mixture of the first organic compound and the second organic compound exhibits the characteristics of the first organic compound, the second organic compound, or a combination thereof, while the organic alloy of the first organic compound and the second organic compound can exhibit different characteristics from those of the first organic compound, the second organic compound, or a simple mixture thereof.
  • the emission wavelength of the organic alloy may differ from the emission wavelength of the first organic compound, the second organic compound and the simple mixture thereof.
  • the color of the organic alloy may be different from the color of the first organic compound, the second organic compound, and the simple mixture thereof.
  • the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the organic alloy may be different from the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the first organic compound, the second organic compound, and the simple mixture thereof.
  • the organic alloy may have a different crystallization temperature (Tc) from that of the first organic compound, the second organic compound, and the simple mixture thereof.
  • the organic alloy may have a different melting point (Tm) from that of the first organic compound, the second organic compound, and the simple mixture thereof.
  • the organic alloy can be pre-treated in various methods, and for example, can be obtained from the steps of heat-treating the first organic compound and the second organic compound and liquidating or gasifying the first and second organic compounds and then, cooling and solidifying the heat-treated compounds. Also, an additional step of physically grounding the organic alloy obtained as a solid like a mass using a mixer and the like can be included.
  • the organic alloy is a product obtained through the aforementioned pre-treatment and may be supplied by using one source to form a thin film. Accordingly, this eliminates the need for a process control step required when two or more organic compounds are respectively supplied from separate sources, and thus, the process can be simplified.
  • the organic alloy is a product obtained through the aforementioned pre-treatment and thus, can secure uniformity and consistency for deposition as compared with the two or more single organic compounds supplied by using two or more separate sources or their simple mixture of supplied by using one single source. Accordingly, when a plurality of thin films are formed through a continuous process, the organic alloy may be used to continuously produce the thin films including components in a substantially equivalent ratio and thus, increase reproducibility and reliability of the thin films.
  • the dopant material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material used for the organic light emitting device.
  • an aromatic amine derivative, a styrylamine compound, a boron complex, a fluoranthene compound, a metal complex, and the like can be mentioned.
  • Specific examples of the aromatic amine derivatives include substituted or unsubstituted fused aromatic ring derivatives having an arylamino group, examples thereof include pyrene, anthracene, chrysene, and periflanthene having the arylamino group, and the like.
  • the styrylamine compound is a compound where at least one arylvinyl group is substituted in substituted or unsubstituted arylamine, in which one or two or more substituent groups selected from the group consisting of an aryl group, a silyl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, and an arylamino group are substituted or unsubstituted.
  • substituent groups selected from the group consisting of an aryl group, a silyl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, and an arylamino group are substituted or unsubstituted.
  • Specific examples thereof include styrylamine, styryldiamine, styryltriamine, styryltetramine, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • the metal complex include an iridium complex, a platinum complex, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • the organic light emitting device may further include a hole transport layer between the light emitting layer and the anode.
  • the hole transport layer is a layer that receives holes from a hole injection layer and transports the holes to the light emitting layer.
  • the hole transport material is suitably a material having large mobility to the holes, which may receive holes from the anode or the hole injection layer and transfer the holes to the light emitting layer.
  • the hole transport material examples include an arylamine-based organic material, a conductive polymer, a block copolymer in which a conjugate portion and a non-conjugate portion are present together, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • the organic light emitting device may further include a hole injection layer between the anode and the hole transport layer, if necessary.
  • the hole injection layer is a layer injecting holes from an electrode
  • the hole injection material is preferably a compound which has a capability of transporting the holes, has a hole injection effect in the anode and an excellent hole injection effect to the light emitting layer or the light emitting material, prevents movement of an exciton generated in the light emitting layer to the electron injection layer or the electron injection material, and is excellent in the ability to form a thin film.
  • a HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) of the hole injection material is between the work function of the anode material and a HOMO of a peripheral organic material layer.
  • the hole injection material examples include metal porphyrine, oligothiophene, an arylamine-based organic material, a hexanitrilehexaazatriphenylene-based organic material, a quinacridone-based organic material, a perylene-based organic material, anthraquinone, polyaniline and polythiophene-based conductive polymer, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • the organic light emitting device includes an electron blocking layer between the hole transport layer and the light emitting layer, if necessary.
  • the electron blocking layer prevents the electrons injected in the cathode from being transferred to the hole transport layer without being recombined in the light emitting layer, which may also be referred to as an electron inhibition layer.
  • the electron blocking layer is preferably a material having the smaller electron affinity than the electron transport layer.
  • the organic light emitting device may include an electron transport layer between the light emitting layer and the cathode, if necessary.
  • the electron transport layer is a layer that receives the electrons from the cathode or the electron injection layer formed on the cathode and transports the electrons to the light emitting layer, and that suppress the transfer of holes from the light emitting layer
  • an electron transport material is suitably a material which may receive electrons well from a cathode and transfer the electrons to a light emitting layer, and has a large mobility for electrons.
  • the electron transport material include: an Al complex of 8-hydroxyquinoline; a complex including Alq 3 ; an organic radical compound; a hydroxyflavone-metal complex, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • the electron transport layer may be used with any desired cathode material, as used according to a conventional technique.
  • appropriate examples of the cathode material are a typical material which has a low work function, followed by an aluminum layer or a silver layer.
  • Specific examples thereof include cesium, barium, calcium, ytterbium, and samarium, in each case followed by an aluminum layer or a silver layer.
  • the organic light emitting device may further include an electron injection layer between the electron transport layer and the cathode.
  • the electron injection layer is a layer which injects electrons from an electrode, and is preferably a compound which has a capability of transporting electrons, has an effect of injecting electrons from a cathode and an excellent effect of injecting electrons into a light emitting layer or a light emitting material, prevents excitons produced from the light emitting layer from moving to a hole injection layer, and is also excellent in the ability to form a thin film.
  • the electron injection layer include fluorenone, anthraquinodimethane, diphenoquinone, thiopyran dioxide, oxazole, oxadiazole, triazole, imidazole, perylenetetracarboxylic acid, fluorenylidene methane, anthrone, and the like, and derivatives thereof, a metal complex compound, a nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring derivative, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • Examples of the metal complex compound include 8-hydroxyquinolinato lithium, bis(8-hydroxyquinolinato)zinc, bis(8-hydroxyquinolinato)copper, bis(8-hydroxyquinolinato)manganese, tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum, tris(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum, tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)gallium, bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato)beryllium, bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato)zinc, bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinato)chlorogallium, bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinato)(o-cresolato)gallium, bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinato)(1-naphtholato)aluminum, bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinato)(2-naphtholato)gallium, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
  • the organic light emitting device may include a hole blocking layer between the electron transport layer and the light emitting layer, if necessary.
  • the hole blocking layer prevents the holes injected in the anode from being transferred to the electron transport layer without being recombined in the light emitting layer, and the hole blocking layer is preferably a material having high ionization energy.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of an organic light emitting device comprising a substrate 1 , an anode 2 , a light emitting layer 3 , and a cathode 4 .
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of an organic light emitting device comprising a substrate 1 , an anode 2 , a hole injection layer 5 , a hole transport layer 6 , a light emitting layer 3 , an electron transport layer 7 , an electron injection layer 8 and a cathode 4 .
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of an organic light emitting device comprising a substrate 1 , an anode 2 , a hole injection layer 5 , a hole transport layer 6 , a light emitting layer 3 , an electron transport layer 7 , an electron injection layer 8 and a cathode 4 .
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of an organic light emitting device comprising a substrate 1 , an anode 2 , a hole injection layer 5 , a hole transport layer 6 , an electron blocking layer 9 , a light emitting layer 3 , a hole blocking layer 10 , an electron transport layer 7 , an electron injection layer 8 and a cathode 4 .
  • the organic light emitting device can be manufactured by sequentially stacking the above-described structures.
  • the organic light emitting device may be manufactured by depositing a metal, metal oxides having conductivity, or an alloy thereof on the substrate by using a PVD (physical vapor deposition) method such as a sputtering method or an e-beam evaporation method to form the anode, forming the respective layers described above thereon, and then depositing a material that can be used as the cathode thereon.
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • the organic light emitting device may be manufactured by sequentially depositing from the cathode material to the anode material on a substrate in the reverse order of the above-mentioned configuration (WO 2003/012890). Further, the light emitting layer may be formed by subjecting hosts and dopants to a vacuum deposition method and a solution coating method.
  • the solution coating method means a spin coating, a dip coating, a doctor blading, an inkjet printing, a screen printing, a spray method, a roll coating, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
  • the organic light emitting device may be a bottom emission device, a top emission device, or a double-sided light emitting device, and particularly, may be a bottom emission device that requires relatively high luminous efficiency.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and then the organic layer was subjected to filtration treatment to remove a salt, and then the filtered organic layer was distilled. This was added again to 1132 mL (30 times the amount) of chloroform, dissolved and washed twice with water. The organic layer was then separated, anhydrous magnesium sulfate was added, stirred and then filtered.
  • B-1 (15 g, 33.6 mmol) and 2-chloro-4-(dibenzo[b,d]furan-4-yl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine (12 g, 33.6 mmol) were added to 300 ml of THF under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the mixture was stirred and refluxed. Then, potassium carbonate (13.9 g, 100.8 mmol) as dissolved in 14 ml of water, added thereto and sufficiently stirred, and then bis(tri-tert-butyl phosphine) palladium (0.5 g, 1 mmol) and 0 (0.6 g, 2 mmol) were added.
  • Compound 1-1 and Compound 2-1 were mixed and placed in a weight ratio of 40:60 in a vacuum chamber.
  • the two mixtures were melted by increasing the temperature under a pressure of 10 ⁇ 2 Torr or less, and then the mixture was cooled to room temperature after 1 hour to obtain a solid product.
  • This product was ground with a mixer to obtain a powdery organic alloy 1.
  • Organic alloys 2 to 10 and organic alloys A to B were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation method of organic alloy 1, except that the materials to be mixed were changed as shown in Table 1 below.
  • Compounds GH-1 to Compound GH-4 of Table 1 are as follows.
  • a glass substrate on which a thin film of ITO (indium tin oxide) was coated in a thickness of 1400 ⁇ was put into distilled water containing the detergent dissolved therein and washed by the ultrasonic wave.
  • the used detergent was a product commercially available from Fisher Co. and the distilled water was one which had been twice filtered by using a filter commercially available from Millipore Co.
  • the ITO was washed for 30 minutes, and ultrasonic washing was then repeated twice for 10 minutes by using distilled water. After the washing with distilled water was completed, the substrate was ultrasonically washed with isopropyl alcohol, acetone, and methanol solvent, and dried, after which it was transported to a plasma cleaner. Then, the substrate was cleaned with oxygen plasma for 5 minutes, and then transferred to a vacuum evaporator.
  • the organic alloy 1 prepared in Preparation Example 1 and Compound GD as a dopant material were vacuum-deposited in a weight ratio of 92:8 to a thickness of 350 ⁇ on the electron blocking layer to form a light emitting layer.
  • the following Compound ET-A was vacuum-deposited to a thickness of 50 ⁇ as a hole blocking layer.
  • the following Compound ET-B and the following Compound Liq were thermally vacuum-deposited in a weight ratio of 1:1 to a thickness of 300 ⁇ as an electron transport layer, and then Yb (ytterbium) was vacuum-deposited to a thickness of 10 ⁇ as an electron injection layer.
  • Magnesium and silver were deposited in a weight ratio of 1:4 to a thickness of 150 ⁇ on the electron injection layer to form a cathode, thereby completing the manufacture of an organic light emitting device.
  • the vapor deposition rate of the organic material was maintained at 0.4 ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ /sec
  • the deposition rate of magnesium and silver was maintained at 2 ⁇ /sec
  • the degree of vacuum during the deposition was maintained at 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 ⁇ 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 torr, thereby manufacturing an organic light emitting device.
  • T95 means the time (hr) required for the luminance to be reduced to 95% of the initial luminance at a current density of 20 mA/cm 2 .

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