US20230150214A1 - Degradable Foam-Containing Tires, Related Methods And Kits For Adding Degradable Foam To Tires - Google Patents
Degradable Foam-Containing Tires, Related Methods And Kits For Adding Degradable Foam To Tires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20230150214A1 US20230150214A1 US18/158,244 US202318158244A US2023150214A1 US 20230150214 A1 US20230150214 A1 US 20230150214A1 US 202318158244 A US202318158244 A US 202318158244A US 2023150214 A1 US2023150214 A1 US 2023150214A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- tire
- degradable foam
- solution
- ester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008380 degradant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- LXCYSACZTOKNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCO[P+](=O)OCC LXCYSACZTOKNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YLFBFPXKTIQSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CO[P+](=O)OC YLFBFPXKTIQSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 82
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 abstract description 62
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 56
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 abstract description 47
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 abstract description 47
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 40
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 31
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 7
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-butanetriol Chemical compound OCCC(O)CO ARXKVVRQIIOZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003849 O-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003872 O—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCCO GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSGCQDPCAWOCSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(OC(=O)C=C)CC1C2(C)C PSGCQDPCAWOCSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FDYWJVHETVDSRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound CCCC(N=C=O)N=C=O FDYWJVHETVDSRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VKLNMSFSTCXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diisocyanatopentane Chemical compound CCCCC(N=C=O)N=C=O VKLNMSFSTCXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005919 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C)(C)N=C=O NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIDUEESSWOVGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethyl-3,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=C1CC PIDUEESSWOVGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005918 1,2-dimethylbutyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC(CN=C=O)=C1 RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROHUXHMNZLHBSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCC1CCC(CN=C=O)CC1 ROHUXHMNZLHBSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,2,4-trimethylhexane Chemical compound O=C=NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CN=C=O ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,4,4-trimethylhexane Chemical compound O=C=NCC(C)CC(C)(C)CCN=C=O QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWIHAOZQQZSSBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-1-(2-isocyanatopropyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)CC1(N=C=O)CCCCC1 DWIHAOZQQZSSBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPWRWTXOOZSCTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-2-[(4-isocyanatocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1C(N=C=O)CCCC1 FPWRWTXOOZSCTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-4-(4-isocyanato-3-methylphenyl)-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound C1=C(N=C=O)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N=C=O)=CC=2)=C1 ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-12-oxododecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003562 2,2-dimethylpentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol Chemical compound CCCC(O)C(CC)CO RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTPYFJNYAMXZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenoxy]ethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=C(OCCO)C=C1 WTPYFJNYAMXZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095095 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005916 2-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(C)CO QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZWKEPYTBWZJJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=C(N=C=O)C(OC)=CC(C=2C=C(OC)C(N=C=O)=CC=2)=C1 QZWKEPYTBWZJJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004336 3,3-dimethylpentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical class CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical class OCCCOC(=O)C=C QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003542 3-methylbutan-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005917 3-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OWJKJLOCIDNNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[4-hydroxybutyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-dimethylsilyl]butan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCC[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)CCCCO OWJKJLOCIDNNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNIXMCINXVRKGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethyl-1-isocyanato-4-(isocyanatomethyl)octane Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)(CN=C=O)CCCN=C=O QNIXMCINXVRKGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 826-62-0 Chemical compound C1C2C3C(=O)OC(=O)C3C1C=C2 KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RCHNSTRGTFWUDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2C.C(=N)=O.C(=N)=O Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2C.C(=N)=O.C(=N)=O RCHNSTRGTFWUDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYIMHWNKQXQBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCC Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCC KYIMHWNKQXQBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethylene glycol, Natural products OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N [(1s,3s,4s)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(=C)C)C[C@H]1C2(C)C IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWVAOONFBYYRHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 BWVAOONFBYYRHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005815 base catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- KQWGXHWJMSMDJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl isocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NC1CCCCC1 KQWGXHWJMSMDJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006547 cyclononyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric anhydride Chemical compound O=C1CCCC(=O)O1 VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940119545 isobornyl methacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010746 mayonnaise Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008268 mayonnaise Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MOVBJUGHBJJKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-amino-5-methoxybenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N MOVBJUGHBJJKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003205 poly(diphenylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003216 poly(methylphenylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- XRVCFZPJAHWYTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N prenderol Chemical compound CCC(CC)(CO)CO XRVCFZPJAHWYTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950006800 prenderol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical group CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003510 tertiary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OUSREJFRRGRLDE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetra(nonyl)azanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCC OUSREJFRRGRLDE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KMUYKILZAMVROR-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetra(propan-2-yl)azanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CC(C)[N+](C(C)C)(C(C)C)C(C)C KMUYKILZAMVROR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorophthalic anhydride Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1Cl AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SAVMTTISRBULOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-amine;hydrofluoride Chemical compound F.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN SAVMTTISRBULOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSUJAUYJBJRLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC QSUJAUYJBJRLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YFECTAVBWYHKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraheptylazanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCC)(CCCCCCC)CCCCCCC YFECTAVBWYHKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AAIWQSJMMIXYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrahexylazanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCCCC[N+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC AAIWQSJMMIXYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XNBUJDBFTMTPME-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrakis(2-methylbutan-2-yl)azanium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCC(C)(C)[N+](C(C)(C)CC)(C(C)(C)CC)C(C)(C)CC XNBUJDBFTMTPME-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LXWVMXSKHOPXBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrakis(2-methylpropyl)azanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CC(C)C[N+](CC(C)C)(CC(C)C)CC(C)C LXWVMXSKHOPXBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QGAKFUJUPKPDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraoctylazanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC QGAKFUJUPKPDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DMUXGOVRWIDZEU-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapentylazanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCCC[N+](CCCCC)(CCCCC)CCCCC DMUXGOVRWIDZEU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JILOFGXUYHCRMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetratert-butylazanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CC(C)(C)[N+](C(C)(C)C)(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C JILOFGXUYHCRMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+) Chemical class [Sn+2] IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/04—Resilient fillings for rubber tyres; Filling tyres therewith
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C73/00—Repairing of articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state, e.g. of articles shaped or produced by using techniques covered by this subclass or subclass B29D
- B29C73/16—Auto-repairing or self-sealing arrangements or agents
- B29C73/163—Sealing compositions or agents, e.g. combined with propellant agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C19/00—Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
- B60C19/12—Puncture preventing arrangements
- B60C19/122—Puncture preventing arrangements disposed inside of the inner liner
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C5/00—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes
- B60C5/002—Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes filled at least partially with foam material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
- C08G18/4837—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/61—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
- B29C44/18—Filling preformed cavities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0059—Degradable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
- B60C17/04—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency
- B60C17/06—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient
- B60C17/065—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient made-up of foam inserts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/022—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments premixing or pre-blending a part of the components of a foamable composition, e.g. premixing the polyol with the blowing agent, surfactant and catalyst and only adding the isocyanate at the time of foaming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present application is directed to kits for use in adding degradable foam to a tire, methods for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire, tires containing degradable foam, and methods for degrading the degradable foam in tires containing degradable foam.
- polyurethane foam to pneumatic tires can provide certain advantages such as improved tread wear and elimination of flat tires from punctures.
- the presence of the polyurethane foam inside the tire presents certain challenges when the foam-filled tire reaches the end of its life and needs to be separated from the wheel.
- kits for use in adding degradable foam to a tire methods for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire, tires containing degradable foam, and methods for degrading the degradable foam in tires containing degradable foam.
- a kit for use in adding degradable foam to a tire comprises (a) a first component comprising at least one di- or polyisocyanate, and (b) a second component comprising (i) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (ii) optionally at least one polyol.
- a method for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire comprises (a) providing a tire comprising at least a wheel, a rubber carcass, and a valve stem; (b) combining ingredients comprising: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol; and (c) adding the combined ingredients into the rubber carcass through the valve stem, whereby the added combined ingredients form a degradable foam-containing tire comprising foam that is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- a tire containing degradable foam comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass, wherein the degradable foam is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- a method for degrading the degradable foam of a tire containing degradable foam comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass.
- the method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising either: (a) a source of fluoride anion, or (b) an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid.
- kits for use in adding degradable foam to a tire methods for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire, tires containing degradable foam, and methods for degrading the degradable foam in tires containing degradable foam.
- a kit for use in adding degradable foam to a tire comprises (a) a first component comprising at least one di- or polyisocyanate, and (b) a second component comprising (i) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (ii) optionally at least one polyol.
- a method for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire comprises (a) providing a tire comprising at least a wheel, a rubber carcass, and a valve stem; (b) combining ingredients comprising: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol; and (c) adding the combined ingredients into the rubber carcass through the valve stem, whereby the added combined ingredients form a degradable foam-containing tire comprising foam that is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- a tire containing degradable foam comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass, wherein the degradable foam is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- a method for degrading the degradable foam of a tire containing degradable foam comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass.
- the method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising either: (a) a source of fluoride anion, or (b) an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid.
- the terms “degrade,” “degraded,” and “degrading” (e.g., degrading the foam or degraded foam) is intended to encompass entirely changing the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass from a solid into a pourable liquid as well as changing a portion of the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass from a solid into a pourable liquid. In other words, these terms should be understood to encompass changing a sufficient portion of the foam inside the rubber carcass from a solid into a pourable liquid to achieve separation of the wheel from the rubber carcass and the foam. Degrading of the entire volume of foam from a solid into a pourable liquid is not necessarily required to achieve the separation. Moreover, a pourable liquid may include pieces or chunks of undegraded polyurethane foam. As non-limiting examples, ice water would be considered a pourable liquid whereas mayonnaise at 5° C. would not be considered a pourable liquid.
- the term “majority” is used to describe an amount of more than 50% and the related term “at least a majority” is used to describe an amount of more than 50% up to 100%. Additionally, the terms should be understood to include all values within the range of greater than 50% to 100% (e.g., at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, and at least 99%).
- the term “mounted” i.e., mounted tire
- the connection may be, but is not necessarily, sufficient for use of the mounted tire on a vehicle.
- the tire for which the kit is intended to be used with is a pneumatic tire.
- the kit comprises a first component comprising at least one di- or polyisocyanate, and a second component comprising at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof; and optionally at least one polyol.
- the first component by specifying that it comprises at least one di- or polyisocyanate it should be understood to include embodiments wherein the first component comprises one diisocyanate, more than one diisocyanate, one polyisocyanate, more than one polyisocyanate, one diisocyanate and one polyisocyanate, more than one diisocyanate and one polyisocyanate, more than one diisocyanate and more than one polyisocyanate, and one diisocyanate and more than one polyisocyanate.
- the first and second components are provided in separate containers; by separate is meant that the respective components are not in contact with each other.
- the separate containers for the first and second components may have the same shape, same size, be made of the same materials, be different shapes, be different sizes, be made of different materials or combinations thereof.
- the separate containers may take various forms that are not particularly limited as long as they serve to contain their contents and maintain them separately until such time as their combination is required.
- the separate containers may independently be selected from at least one of the following: a bottle, a tube, a carton, a packet, a drum, or a can.
- the first component of the kit includes at least one additional ingredient, i.e., in addition to the at least one di- or polyisocyanate.
- the first component of the kit further comprises at least one of the following: at least one oil (e.g., hydrocarbon, mineral, or plant oil), one or more fillers (e.g., carbon black, silica, fiberglass), rubber particles, one or more stabilizers (e.g., anti-oxidants, UV stabilizers), one or more plasticizers, one or more catalysts (as discussed below), or at least one foaming agent.
- the first component of the kit further comprises at least one oil.
- the kit further comprises at least one foaming agent.
- the at least one foaming agent may be included as part of the first or second component or in a container separate from the containers of the first and second components. Suitable foaming agents for use in forming the degradable foam are well known to those of skill in the art, non-limiting examples and amounts of which are discussed below.
- the particular container used is not especially limited and containers as discussed above for the first and second components may be utilized.
- the kit further comprises a third component comprising a source of fluoride anion useful for degrading a foam formed from the first and second components.
- a third component comprising a source of fluoride anion useful for degrading a foam formed from the first and second components.
- sources of fluoride anion may be utilized, as discussed below.
- the particular container used for the third component is not especially limited and containers as discussed above for the first and second components may be utilized.
- the kit may comprise at least four components, i.e., the first component, the second component, a third component (comprising a source of fluoride anion), and another component (comprising at least one of the additional ingredients discussed above).
- the second embodiment disclosed herein is directed to a method for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire.
- the method comprises (a) providing a tire comprising at least a wheel, a rubber carcass, and a valve stem; (b) combining ingredients comprising: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol; and (c) adding the combined ingredients into the rubber carcass through the valve stem, whereby the added combined ingredients form a degradable foam-containing tire comprising foam that is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- the ingredients combined in (b) further comprise at least one additional ingredient, i.e., in addition to the at least one di- or polyisocyanate.
- the at least one additional ingredient comprises at least one of the following: at least one oil (e.g., hydrocarbon, mineral, or plant oil), one or more fillers (e.g., carbon black, silica, fiberglass), rubber particles, one or more stabilizers (e.g., anti-oxidants, UV stabilizers), one or more plasticizers, one or more catalysts (as discussed below), or at least one foaming agent.
- the ingredients combined in (b) further comprise at least one oil.
- ingredients (i), (ii) and optionally (iii) are combined within the tire, i.e., they are not pre-mixed prior to being added through the valve stem of the tire.
- the ingredients combined in (b) further comprise at least one foaming agent.
- suitable foaming agents for use in forming the degradable foam are well known to those of skill in the art, non-limiting examples and amounts of which are discussed below.
- the methods of the second embodiment may be, but are not necessarily, utilized with the kits of the first embodiment disclosed herein.
- the third embodiment disclosed herein is directed to a tire containing degradable foam.
- the tire comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass, wherein the degradable foam is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- the tire is a pneumatic tire that has had at least a majority of its air replaced with degradable foam.
- the tires of the third embodiment may be prepared using the methods of the second embodiment or by methods that differ from the methods of the second embodiment.
- the methods of the second embodiment may be utilized to produce tires according to the third embodiment or alternatively may be utilized to produce tires that differ in certain aspects from the tires according to the third embodiment.
- the fourth embodiment disclosed herein is directed to methods for degrading the degradable foam of degradable foam-containing tires.
- the degradable foam-containing tire comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass.
- the method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising either: (a) a source of fluoride anion, or (b) an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid.
- a solution comprising either: (a) a source of fluoride anion, or (b) an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid.
- the solution is also described herein as a degradant.
- the amount of solution applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass may vary depending upon various factors such as the particular type of solution utilized, the particular composition of the degradable foam, the overall volume of degradable foam inside the tire carcass, the dimensions of the tire (e.g., overall tire diameter, sidewall height, tread width), and the time available for the degradation of the foam to occur.
- larger volumes of foam will require larger volumes of solution and relatively larger tires (particularly those having higher sidewall height or wider tread width) may require relatively larger ratios of solution to foam to achieve the same approximate time for degradation.
- the solution is applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass in an amount sufficient to provide fluoride anion in an amount of about 1% to about 100% (on a volume of source of fluoride anion to volume of degradable foam basis) or 1% to 100%.
- the solution is applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass in an amount sufficient to provide fluoride anion in an amount of about 5% to about 100% (on a volume of source of fluoride anion to volume of degradable foam basis), including 5% to 100%, about 5% to about 90%, 5% to 90%, about 5% to about 80%, 5% to 80%, about 5% to about 70%, 5% to 70%, about 5% to about 60%, 5% to 60%, about 5% to about 50%, 5% to 50%, about 5% to about 40%, 5% to 40%, about 5% to about 30%, 5% to 30%, about 5% to about 20%, 5% to 20%, about 5% to about 15%, 5% to 15%, about 1% to about 20%, 1% to 20%, about 1% to about 15%, 1% to 15%, about 1% to about 10%, and 1% to 10%.
- the dimensions of the tire can be utilized (e.g., by calculating the volume of a torus having the dimensions of the tire) and the assumption made that the volume inside the rubber carcass is at least 95% filled with foam.
- the volume ratios provided herein are intended for application by using the density of the solution or the solution ingredients at 25° C. Generally, the greater the relative amount of polysiloxane as compared to polyol present in the foam, the greater the relative amount of fluoride anion that may be used to achieve degradation in the same amount of time.
- the solution comprising the organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid is applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass in an amount sufficient to provide complete solubility of the acid in an amount of about 1% to about 50% (on a volume of solvent to volume of degradable foam basis) or 1-50%.
- the solution is applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass in an amount sufficient to provide complete solubility of the acid in an amount of about 10% to about 25% (on a volume of solvent to volume of degradable foam basis) or 10-25%.
- the step of contacting the degradable foam with the specified solution may take various forms as long as the solution makes contact with the degradable foam.
- the solution is injected into the degradable foam.
- the solution is added through the valve stem, through the sidewall of the tire, through the tread of the tire, or by a combination thereof In those embodiments where the solution is added through the sidewall of the tire, it may be added at one or more sidewall locations and each location may be cut, punctured, pierced or some combination thereof to facilitate the addition of the solution.
- the solution may be injected through the sidewall using a needle, nozzle or other injection device, either through the intact sidewall or through a cut, puncture or other opening added for the purpose of facilitating the addition of the solution to the degradable foam.
- the solution may be added at one or more tread locations and each location may be cut, punctured, pierced or some combination thereof to facilitate the addition of the solution.
- the solution may be injected through the tread using a needle, nozzle or other injection device, either through the intact tread or through a cut, puncture or other opening added for the purpose of facilitating the addition of the solution to the degradable foam.
- the foam inside the rubber carcass is at least partially exposed to the outer environment prior to applying the solution.
- Various methods of partially exposing the polyurethane foam can be utilized, including cutting, puncturing, or piercing the sidewall or tread of the tire.
- the tire is placed on one side and a cut is made (circumferentially) around a portion (preferably at least a majority) of the upper side of the tire exposing the foam inside; in such embodiments, the lower side of the tire can act as a type of container to collect the degraded foam, thereby containing it or eliminating the need for use of another container to collect the degraded foam.
- the foregoing description of methods for contacting the degradable foam with the degradant or solution should be understood to be applicable to certain embodiments of the first-third embodiments disclosed herein, in addition to the fourth embodiment.
- the method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising a source of fluoride anion.
- a source of fluoride anion Various sources of fluoride anion exist and may be utilized in the solution according to the methods of the fourth embodiment.
- the solution comprising a source of fluoride anion comprises hydrogen fluoride, at least one tetraalkylammonium fluoride, cesium fluoride/caesium fluoride, a pyridine salt of hydrogen fluoride, or a combination thereof.
- tetraalkylammonium fluoride compounds are suitable for use as the degradant in certain embodiments of the fourth embodiment and in certain embodiments applicable to the first-third embodiments disclosed herein (e.g., for the third component in kits of the first embodiment).
- the tetraalkylammonium fluoride has the general formula: (C n H 2n+1 ) 4 N + F ⁇ where n is from 1 to 30, preferably n is from 1 to 18 and more preferably n is from 1 to 12 particular examples of which include, but are not limited to, tetramethylammonium fluoride, tetraethylammonium fluoride, tetrabutylammonium fluoride, tetrapentylammonium fluoride, tetrahexylammonium fluoride, tetraheptylammonium fluoride, tetraoctylammonium fluoride, tetranonylammonium fluoride, tetradecylammonium fluoride, tetraisopropylammonium fluoride, tetraisobutylammonium fluoride, tetra(tert-butyl)am
- the method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof, and optionally a solvent for the acid.
- a solution comprising an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof, and optionally a solvent for the acid.
- the pKa values referred to herein are of the acid in water.
- organic acid refers to acids containing carbon and hydrogen and having at least one COOH moiety and the term “inorganic acid” refers to acids lacking carbon.
- Non-limiting examples of suitable organic and inorganic acids having a pKa of less than 2 for use in the solution include sulfonic acids (e.g., camphorsulfonic acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid, methane sulfonic acid), hydrochloric acid, and hydrobromic acid.
- sulfonic acid refers to an acid having the formula RS( ⁇ O) 2 OH wherein R is selected from alkyl and aryl (either optionally substituted with one or more halogen).
- the solution comprises at least one solvent capable of dissolving the acid (such as a protic or aprotic solvent).
- the methods of the fourth embodiment disclosed herein may be, but are not necessarily, utilized on the tires of the third embodiment disclosed herein.
- the kits disclosed herein comprise, the degradable foam comprises or is prepared by combining ingredients comprising at least one di- or polyisocyanate.
- diisocyanate is used to describe compounds that contain two isocyanate moieties (i.e., two —C( ⁇ O)N(H)— moieties) and the term polyisocyanate is used to describe compounds that contain more than two isocyanate moieties.
- polyisocyanate is used to describe compounds that contain more than two isocyanate moieties.
- Various compounds suitable for use as the at least one di- or polyisocyanate are well known.
- the at least one di- or polyisocyanate is selected from aliphatic di- or polyisocyanates, aromatic di- or polyisocyanates, araliphatic di- or polyisocyanates, cycloaliphatic, di- or polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof. Suitable compounds for each of the foregoing types of di- and polyisocyanates are well known.
- Non-limiting examples of suitable aromatic diisocyanates include toluene diisocyanate (also known as tolylene diisocyanate or TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (also known as methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) or MDI), 1,3′-dimethyl-4,4-biphenyl diisocyanate (also known as TODI), 1,4-para-phenylene diisocyanate (also known as PPDI), and 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate; in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments the at least one di- or polyisocyanate comprises at least one of the foregoing.
- toluene diisocyanate may include one or more of: 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, and combinations thereof.
- Commercially available sources of MDI may include one or more of 2,2′-, 2,4′-, and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- Non-limiting examples of suitable aliphatic diisocyanates include butane diisocyanate, pentane diisocyanate, hexane diosocyanate, 4-isocyanatomethyl-1,8-octane diisocyanate (also known as triisocyanatononane or TIN), 1,4-butylene diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 2-butyl-2-ethylpentamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate (also known as hexane diisocyanate or HDI); in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments the at least one di- or polyisocyanate comprises at least one of the foregoing.
- Non-limiting examples of suitable cycloaliphatic diisocyanates include isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 2-isocyanatopropylcyclohexyl isocyanate, 2,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl) diisocyanate, 4-methylcyclohexane, 4,4′-methylene-bis(cyclohexylisocyanate (also known as hydrogenated MDI or H12 MDI), 3,5,5-trimethyl-1-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (also known as isophorone diisocyanate or IPDI), 1,3- and 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane (also known as (H 6 XDI), 1,3-diisocyanate (H-TDI); in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments the at least one di- or polyisocyanate comprises at least one of the foregoing.
- IPDI isophorone diis
- Non- limiting examples of suitable araliphatic di- or polyisocyanates include tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (also known as TMDXI), m-xylylene diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-biphenylene diisocyanate, polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4-diisocyanatodiphenyl sulfide, diethyldiisocyanatobenzene; in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments the at least one di- or polyisocyanate comprises at least one of the foregoing. In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments, the at least one di- or polyisocyanate may comprise a combination of one or more of the foregoing.
- kits disclosed herein comprise, the degradable foam comprises or is prepared by combining ingredients comprising at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof.
- polysiloxane diol at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof is meant to encompass embodiments where one polysiloxane diol is used, more than one polysiloxane diol is used, one polysiloxane diamine is used, more than one polysiloxane diamine is used, one polysiloxane diol and one polysiloxane diamine are used, more than one polysiloxane diol and one polysiloxane diamine are used, one polysiloxane diol and more than one polysiloxane diamine are used, and more than one polysiloxane diol and more than one polysiloxane diamine are used.
- polysiloxane is used to describe compounds that contain at least three Si each bonded to at least two oxygen.
- the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof comprises at least one polysiloxane diol having the formula
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are independently selected from optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms straight chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals, n is an integer of 2 to 365, m is an integer of 0 or 1, and o is an integer of 0 or 1. In certain embodiments, m and o are both 1 and R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from optionally substituted straight chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 12 carbons. In certain embodiments, none of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 contain any heteroatom.
- each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 is independently selected from alkyl hydrocarbons.
- alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, amyl, isoamyl, secamyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, pentyl, hexyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl,
- cyclic saturated hydrocarbons suitable for use as R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , or a combination thereof include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl and cyclodecyl and the like.
- the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof comprises at least one polysiloxane diamine having the formula
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are the same or different and are independently selected from optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms straight chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals, n is an integer of 2 to 365, m is an integer of 0 or 1, and o is an integer of 0 or 1. In certain embodiments, m and o are both 1 and R 5 and R 6 are independently selected from optionally substituted straight chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 12 carbons. In certain embodiments, none of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 contain any heteroatom.
- each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 is independently selected from alkyl hydrocarbons.
- suitable R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 include those discussed above in the section on polysiloxane diols.
- Various polysiloxane diamines are commercially available from suppliers such as Sigma Aldrich Corporation (St. Louis, Miss.).
- Non-limiting examples of polysiloxane diamines suitable for use in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein include poly(dimethylsiloxane) diamine, poly(methylphenyl siloxane) diamine, poly(epoxy-modified siloxane) diamine, poly(dimethyl siloxane)co-poly(diphenyl siloxane) diamine, polysiloxane-polyether diamine copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) bis(3-aminopropyl) terminated, and combinations thereof.
- the kits disclosed herein comprise, the degradable foam comprises or is prepared by combining ingredients comprising at least one polyol along with the at least one di- or polyisocyanate, and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof.
- the at least one polyol is an optional ingredient in the degradable foam.
- a polyol describes a compound that is reactive with the NC( ⁇ O) functionality of the di- or polyisocyanate and that has a mean OH or NH functionality of at least 2.
- the degradable foam that results from the mixture of ingredients can be considered to be a degradable polyurethane foam.
- the at least one polyol is utilized it is selected from alkylene polyols, arylene polyols, polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polybutadiene polyols, polyamines, polyether polyamines, hydrocarbon polyols, and combinations thereof.
- Non-limiting examples of alkylene polyols and arylene polyols include diols (e.g., 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonadiol, 1,10-decandiol, 1,12-dodecanediol, 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol, p-xyleneglycol, 1,4-bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene), triols (e.g., glycerol, trimethylolpropane), and tetraols (e.g., pentaerythritol).
- diols e.g., 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propan
- Non-limiting examples of polyether polyols include those with the formula HO—[(CH 2 ) m —O] n —H wherein m is an integer of 28 or more, preferably 4 to 18 and n is an integer of 2 to 50 including poly(tetramethylene oxide), polyhexamethylene oxide (also known as PHMO), polyheptamethylene diol, polyoctamethylene oxide (POMO), polydecamethylene oxide (PDMO), and combinations thereof.
- Non-limiting examples of polycarbonate polyols include poly(alkylenecarbonates) such as poly(hexamethylene carbonate) and poly(decamethylene carbonate); polycarbonates prepared by reacting alkylene carbonate with alkanediols for example 1,4-butanediol, 1,10-decandiol, 1,6-hexanediol and/or 2,2-diethyl 1,3-propanediol; and silicon based polycarbonates prepared by reacting alkylene carbonate with 1,3-bis (4-hydroxybutyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (BHTD) and/or alkanediols.
- poly(alkylenecarbonates) such as poly(hexamethylene carbonate) and poly(decamethylene carbonate)
- alkanediols for example 1,4-butanediol, 1,10-decandiol, 1,6-hexanediol and/or 2,
- polyether polyols suitable for use in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein are commercially available from supplier such as Sigma Aldrich Corporation (St. Louis, Miss.). Moreover, various methods for producing polyols suitable for use in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein are well known.
- polyether polyols are obtainable by alkoxylation of suitable starter molecules with base catalysis or using double metal cyanide compounds (DMC compounds).
- DMC compounds double metal cyanide compounds
- Suitable starter molecules for the preparation of polyether polyols are, for example, simple, low molecular weight polyols, water, organic polyamines having at least two N—H bonds or arbitrary mixtures of such starter molecules.
- Preferred starter molecules for the preparation of polyether polyols by alkoxylation, in particular by the DMC process are in particular simple polyols such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol as well as low molecular weight, hydroxyl-group containing esters of such polyols with dicarboxylic acids of the type mentioned by way of example below or low molecular weight ethoxylation or propoxylation products of such simple polyols or arbitrary mixtures of such modified or unmodified alcohols.
- simple polyols such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopent
- Alkylene oxides suitable for the alkoxylation are in particular ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, which can be used in the alkoxylation in any desired sequence or also in admixture.
- Polyester polyols can be prepared by polycondensation of low molecular weight polycarboxylic acid derivatives, such as, for example, succinic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, dimer fatty acid, trimer fatty acid, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, citric acid or trimellitic acid, with low molecular weight polyols,
- polyester polyols can also be polycondensed to polyester polyols.
- polyester polyols of oleochemical origin can also be used.
- Such polyester polyols can be prepared, for example, by complete ring opening of epoxidized triglycerides of an at least partially olefinically unsaturated fatty-acid-containing fatty mixture with one or more alcohols having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and by subsequent partial transesterification of the triglyceride derivatives to alkylester polyols having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical.
- Polyacrylate polyols can be prepared by radical polymerization of hydroxyl-group-containing, olefinically unsaturated monomers or by radical copolymerization of hydroxyl-group-containing, olefinically unsaturated monomers with optionally other olefinically unsaturated monomers, such as, for example, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, styrene, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile.
- olefinically unsaturated monomers such as, for example, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, methyl
- Suitable hydroxyl-group-containing, olefinically unsaturated monomers include 2-hydroxyethylacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, the hydroxypropyl acrylate isomer mixture obtainable by addition of propylene oxide to acrylic acid, and the hydroxypropylmethacrylate isomer mixture obtainable by addition of propylene oxide to methacrylic acid.
- Suitable radical initiators are those from the group of the azo compounds, such as, for example, azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN), or from the group of the peroxides, such as, for example, di-tert-butyl peroxide.
- kits disclosed herein comprise, the degradable foam comprises or is prepared by combining ingredients comprising (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate; (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof; and (iii) optionally at least one polyol. Varying amounts of each component can be utilized.
- the at least one polyol in those embodiments where the at least one polyol is present, it can be utilized in varying amounts.
- the polyol is present and it comprises about 1 to about 95% by volume of the total combined volume of the at least one polyol and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof
- the at least one polyol is present and it comprises about 1 to about 95% by weight of the total combined amount (by weight) of the at least one polyol and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof
- the at least one polyol is present and it comprises about 1 to about 95%, 1 to 95%, about 1 to about 75%, 1 to 75%, about 1 to about 50%, 1 to 50%, about 5 to about 95%, 5
- an amount of about 15 to about 25% by weight of the at least one polyol would be met by the use of 85 parts by weight of the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof with 15 parts by weight of the at least one polyol, and also by the use of 75 parts by weight of the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof with 25 parts by weight of the at least one polyol, respectively.
- the at least one polyol is present and comprises a majority by weight of the total combined amount (by weight) of the at least one polyol and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof.
- the second component of the kit comprises about 1 to about 50%, 1 to 50%, about 15 to about 25%, or 15% to 25% by weight of the at least one polyol, based upon the combined total weight of at least one polyol and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof.
- the first component should be understood as including the at least one di- or polyisocyanate and the second component should be understood as including the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof as well as any polyol that is utilized.
- the relative amount of the first component and second component contained in the degradable foam, in the kit, or used to prepare the degradable foam can vary widely.
- the ratio of the first component to the second component is from greater than 1:1 up to about 4:1, including up to 4:1, about 1.2:1 to about 4:1, 1.2:1 to 4:1, about 1.5:1 to about 4:1, 1.5:1 to 4:1, about 2:1 to about 4:1, 2:1 to 4:1, about 1.5:1 to about 3:1, 1.5:1 to 3:1, about 2:1 to about 3:1, and 2:1 to 3:1.
- the ratio of the first component to second component can be varied depending upon the ultimate use for the foam-filled tire with relatively higher amounts of the first component (di- or polyisocyanate) producing a foam that is relatively less compressible.
- a foaming agent will be included in the ingredients of the kit, ingredients of the foam or ingredients used to prepare the foam.
- the foaming agent comprises water which is present in a sufficient amount in one or more of the other ingredients (e.g., at least one polyol) that no separate foaming agent need be added.
- a separate foaming agent is utilized and it can be combined with the at least one di- or polyisocyanate (e.g., present in the first component of the first embodiment), with the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof and the optional at least one polyol (e.g., present in the second component of the first embodiment).
- the foaming agent does not comprise part of the kit but is added to the components of the kit at the time of addition of the degradable foam into the pneumatic tire.
- foaming agents suitable for use in preparing foams including polyurethane foams are well known.
- Non-limiting examples of suitable foaming agents for use in those embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments that utilize a foaming agent include water, hydrocarbons (e.g., propane, butane, pentane), halocarbons (e.g., fluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons), air, carbon dioxide, azodicarbonamide, and combinations thereof.
- hydrocarbons e.g., propane, butane, pentane
- halocarbons e.g., fluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons
- air carbon dioxide
- azodicarbonamide azodicarbonamide
- the amount of foaming agent utilized is a relatively minor amount such as no more than 5%, no more than 3%, no more than 1% by weight of the total amount of di- or polyisocyanate; at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof; and any polyol.
- At least one catalyst is included in the ingredients of the kit, ingredients of the foam or ingredients used to prepare the foam.
- Catalysts for use in preparing foams such as polyurethane foams are well known.
- Suitable catalysts for use in those embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments where at least one catalyst is utilized include, but are not limited to, catalysts typically used in polyurethane production.
- Non-limiting examples of suitable catalysts for use in those embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments where at least one catalyst is utilized include organic amines (e.g., tertiary aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines) and Lewis-acid organic metal compounds (e.g., tin compounds such as tin(II) salts of organic carboxylic acids, metal complexes such as acetyl acetonates of iron, titanium, zinc, aluminum, zirconium, manganese, nickel, and cobalt, zinc carboxylates, cesium carboxylates, cobalt carboxylates).
- organic amines e.g., tertiary aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines
- Lewis-acid organic metal compounds e.g., tin compounds such as tin(II) salts of organic carboxylic acids, metal complexes such as acetyl
- the amount of at least one catalyst is 0.0001% to 10% by weight, including 0.001 to 5% by weight based upon the total amount (by weight) of di- or polyisocyanate.
- the degradable foams disclosed herein can be degraded using a solution comprising either: (a) a source of fluoride anion, or (b) an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid.
- the components of (a) and (b) can be generically described as “degradants.”
- the method of the fourth embodiment includes a step of contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising one of these degradants; the relative amounts of degradant to foam are as discussed above.
- degrading of the foam can be achieved more quickly or more completely by the use of heat.
- the method of the fourth embodiment preferably includes heating.
- heating may comprise heating at a temperature above about 40° C., preferably above about 100° C.
- heating comprises heating at about 120 to about 250° C., including 120 to 250° C., about 140 to about 200° C., and 140 to 200° C.
- the heating temperatures disclosed herein should be understood as the temperature reached by the combined solution and degradable foam such as could be measured by insertion of a thermometer or thermocouple into a portion of the combined solution and foam.
- the heating comprises heating for about 0.5 to about 10 hours, including 0.5 to 10 hours, about 0.5 hours to about 5 hours, 0.5 hours to 5 hours, about 0.5 hours to about 3 hours, 0.5 hours to 3 hours, about 0.5 hours to about 2 hours, 0.5 hours to 2 hours, about 0.5 hours to about 1 hour, and 0.5 hours to 1 hour, each time period including but not limited to the foregoing heating temperatures.
- the heating temperature utilized will be somewhat dependent upon the amount of time available for degradation of the foam; generally, faster degradation will occur at higher temperatures.
- the heating may be achieved using various methods, non-limiting examples of which include placing the tire containing solution applied to the foam onto a heater, into a heater, under a heater, or applying directed heat to the tire.
- suitable heaters or heat sources include hot-plate type surfaces, ovens, tire molds, radiant heat sources, and microwaves.
- Example 1 (control): A sample of polyurethane foam weighing 10 grams was obtained; the sample had been cut from a used pneumatic tire that had been filled with the polyurethane foam and utilized on a vehicle. The polyurethane foam sample was black in color and generally non-compressible by hand-squeezing. The polyurethane foam had been prepared from a combination of a first component (toluene diisocyanate and oil) and a second component (comprising polypropylene oxide, ethylene oxide, and oil) in approximately equal amounts.
- a first component toluene diisocyanate and oil
- a second component comprising polypropylene oxide, ethylene oxide, and oil
- Example 2 A degradable foam was prepared according to the following procedure.
- a first component comprising toluene diisocyanate and oil was utilized.
- a second component comprising polypropylene oxide and ethylene oxide was provided.
- the poly(dimethylsiloxane) hydroxyl terminated was mixed with the second component in an amount sufficient to comprise 25% by weight of the modified second component (i.e., 1 part poly(dimethylsiloxane) to 3 parts original second component).
- 1.1 parts of the first component and 1 part of the modified second component were mixed together and allowed to stand wherein foaming began within minutes, thereby forming a degradable foam.
- Example 3 The degradable foam prepared in Example 2 was degraded according to the following procedure. A 10 gram sample of the foam was mixed with 1.0 milliliters of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (a source of fluoride anion). The mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature overnight on an orbital mixer. When the mixture was observed the following morning, the foam had degraded into a pourable liquid.
- tetrabutylammonium fluoride a source of fluoride anion
- Example 4 (control): A 10 gram sample of the foam of Example 1 was subjected to the same procedure described in Example 3 (i.e., mixed with 1.0 milliliters of tetrabutylammonium fluoride under the same conditions). The control foam which lacked any polysiloxane did not degrade as a result of contact with the fluoride anion source, instead retaining its solid and non-compressible form rather than degrading into a pourable liquid.
- the incorporation of polysiloxane into a polyurethane foam results in a degradable foam that is capable of degradation into a pourable liquid upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
Abstract
Disclosed herein are kits for use in adding degradable foam to a tire, methods for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire, tires containing degradable foam, and methods for degrading the degradable foam in tires containing degradable foam. The degradable foam comprises a combination of (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol.
Description
- This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/746,809 filed on Jan. 23, 2021, and which has been assigned U.S. Pat. No. 11,559,958, which is a U.S. national stage of International Application Number PCT/US2016/042762 filed on Jul. 18, 2016, which claims priority to and any other benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/196102 filed Jul. 23, 2015, the entire disclosure of each of which is incorporated by reference herein.
- The present application is directed to kits for use in adding degradable foam to a tire, methods for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire, tires containing degradable foam, and methods for degrading the degradable foam in tires containing degradable foam.
- The addition of polyurethane foam to pneumatic tires can provide certain advantages such as improved tread wear and elimination of flat tires from punctures. However, the presence of the polyurethane foam inside the tire presents certain challenges when the foam-filled tire reaches the end of its life and needs to be separated from the wheel.
- Disclosed herein are kits for use in adding degradable foam to a tire, methods for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire, tires containing degradable foam, and methods for degrading the degradable foam in tires containing degradable foam.
- In a first embodiment, a kit for use in adding degradable foam to a tire is provided. The kit comprises (a) a first component comprising at least one di- or polyisocyanate, and (b) a second component comprising (i) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (ii) optionally at least one polyol.
- In a second embodiment, a method for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire is provided. The method comprises (a) providing a tire comprising at least a wheel, a rubber carcass, and a valve stem; (b) combining ingredients comprising: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol; and (c) adding the combined ingredients into the rubber carcass through the valve stem, whereby the added combined ingredients form a degradable foam-containing tire comprising foam that is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- In a third embodiment, a tire containing degradable foam is provided. The tire comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass, wherein the degradable foam is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- In a fourth embodiment a method for degrading the degradable foam of a tire containing degradable foam is provided. The tire comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass. The method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising either: (a) a source of fluoride anion, or (b) an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid.
- Disclosed herein are kits for use in adding degradable foam to a tire, methods for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire, tires containing degradable foam, and methods for degrading the degradable foam in tires containing degradable foam.
- In a first embodiment, a kit for use in adding degradable foam to a tire is provided. The kit comprises (a) a first component comprising at least one di- or polyisocyanate, and (b) a second component comprising (i) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (ii) optionally at least one polyol.
- In a second embodiment, a method for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire is provided. The method comprises (a) providing a tire comprising at least a wheel, a rubber carcass, and a valve stem; (b) combining ingredients comprising: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol; and (c) adding the combined ingredients into the rubber carcass through the valve stem, whereby the added combined ingredients form a degradable foam-containing tire comprising foam that is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- In a third embodiment, a tire containing degradable foam is provided. The tire comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass, wherein the degradable foam is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- In a fourth embodiment a method for degrading the degradable foam of a tire containing degradable foam is provided. The tire comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass. The method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising either: (a) a source of fluoride anion, or (b) an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid.
- The terminology as set forth herein is for description of the embodiments only and should not be construed as limiting the invention as a whole.
- As used herein, the terms “degrade,” “degraded,” and “degrading” (e.g., degrading the foam or degraded foam) is intended to encompass entirely changing the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass from a solid into a pourable liquid as well as changing a portion of the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass from a solid into a pourable liquid. In other words, these terms should be understood to encompass changing a sufficient portion of the foam inside the rubber carcass from a solid into a pourable liquid to achieve separation of the wheel from the rubber carcass and the foam. Degrading of the entire volume of foam from a solid into a pourable liquid is not necessarily required to achieve the separation. Moreover, a pourable liquid may include pieces or chunks of undegraded polyurethane foam. As non-limiting examples, ice water would be considered a pourable liquid whereas mayonnaise at 5° C. would not be considered a pourable liquid.
- As used herein, the term “majority” is used to describe an amount of more than 50% and the related term “at least a majority” is used to describe an amount of more than 50% up to 100%. Additionally, the terms should be understood to include all values within the range of greater than 50% to 100% (e.g., at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 98%, and at least 99%).
- As used herein, the term “mounted” (i.e., mounted tire) is used to describe a tire that is connected to a wheel, the connection may be, but is not necessarily, sufficient for use of the mounted tire on a vehicle.
- As discussed above, according to the first embodiment disclosed herein, a kit for use in adding degradable foam to a tire is provided. In certain embodiments of the first embodiment, the tire for which the kit is intended to be used with is a pneumatic tire. According to the first embodiment, the kit comprises a first component comprising at least one di- or polyisocyanate, and a second component comprising at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof; and optionally at least one polyol. As to the first component, by specifying that it comprises at least one di- or polyisocyanate it should be understood to include embodiments wherein the first component comprises one diisocyanate, more than one diisocyanate, one polyisocyanate, more than one polyisocyanate, one diisocyanate and one polyisocyanate, more than one diisocyanate and one polyisocyanate, more than one diisocyanate and more than one polyisocyanate, and one diisocyanate and more than one polyisocyanate. According to the first embodiment, the first and second components are provided in separate containers; by separate is meant that the respective components are not in contact with each other. Moreover, the separate containers for the first and second components may have the same shape, same size, be made of the same materials, be different shapes, be different sizes, be made of different materials or combinations thereof. The separate containers may take various forms that are not particularly limited as long as they serve to contain their contents and maintain them separately until such time as their combination is required. For example, in certain embodiments of the first embodiment, the separate containers may independently be selected from at least one of the following: a bottle, a tube, a carton, a packet, a drum, or a can.
- In certain embodiments of the first embodiment, the first component of the kit includes at least one additional ingredient, i.e., in addition to the at least one di- or polyisocyanate. In certain such embodiments, the first component of the kit further comprises at least one of the following: at least one oil (e.g., hydrocarbon, mineral, or plant oil), one or more fillers (e.g., carbon black, silica, fiberglass), rubber particles, one or more stabilizers (e.g., anti-oxidants, UV stabilizers), one or more plasticizers, one or more catalysts (as discussed below), or at least one foaming agent. In certain embodiments of the first embodiment, the first component of the kit further comprises at least one oil.
- In certain embodiments of the first embodiment, the kit further comprises at least one foaming agent. The at least one foaming agent may be included as part of the first or second component or in a container separate from the containers of the first and second components. Suitable foaming agents for use in forming the degradable foam are well known to those of skill in the art, non-limiting examples and amounts of which are discussed below. When the at least one foaming agent is provided in a container separate from the containers of the first and second components, the particular container used is not especially limited and containers as discussed above for the first and second components may be utilized.
- In certain embodiments of the first embodiment, the kit further comprises a third component comprising a source of fluoride anion useful for degrading a foam formed from the first and second components. Various sources of fluoride anion may be utilized, as discussed below. The particular container used for the third component is not especially limited and containers as discussed above for the first and second components may be utilized.
- In certain embodiments, the kit may comprise at least four components, i.e., the first component, the second component, a third component (comprising a source of fluoride anion), and another component (comprising at least one of the additional ingredients discussed above).
- As discussed above, the second embodiment disclosed herein is directed to a method for preparing a degradable foam-containing tire. The method comprises (a) providing a tire comprising at least a wheel, a rubber carcass, and a valve stem; (b) combining ingredients comprising: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol; and (c) adding the combined ingredients into the rubber carcass through the valve stem, whereby the added combined ingredients form a degradable foam-containing tire comprising foam that is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion. In certain embodiments of the second embodiment, the ingredients combined in (b) further comprise at least one additional ingredient, i.e., in addition to the at least one di- or polyisocyanate. In certain such embodiments, the at least one additional ingredient comprises at least one of the following: at least one oil (e.g., hydrocarbon, mineral, or plant oil), one or more fillers (e.g., carbon black, silica, fiberglass), rubber particles, one or more stabilizers (e.g., anti-oxidants, UV stabilizers), one or more plasticizers, one or more catalysts (as discussed below), or at least one foaming agent. In certain embodiments of the second embodiment, the ingredients combined in (b) further comprise at least one oil. In certain embodiments of the second embodiment, ingredients (i), (ii) and optionally (iii) are combined within the tire, i.e., they are not pre-mixed prior to being added through the valve stem of the tire.
- In certain embodiments of the second embodiment, the ingredients combined in (b) further comprise at least one foaming agent. Suitable foaming agents for use in forming the degradable foam are well known to those of skill in the art, non-limiting examples and amounts of which are discussed below.
- The methods of the second embodiment may be, but are not necessarily, utilized with the kits of the first embodiment disclosed herein.
- As discussed above, the third embodiment disclosed herein is directed to a tire containing degradable foam. The tire comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass, wherein the degradable foam is capable of degradation upon contact with a source of fluoride anion. In certain embodiments, the tire is a pneumatic tire that has had at least a majority of its air replaced with degradable foam.
- The tires of the third embodiment may be prepared using the methods of the second embodiment or by methods that differ from the methods of the second embodiment. The methods of the second embodiment may be utilized to produce tires according to the third embodiment or alternatively may be utilized to produce tires that differ in certain aspects from the tires according to the third embodiment.
- As discussed above, the fourth embodiment disclosed herein is directed to methods for degrading the degradable foam of degradable foam-containing tires. The degradable foam-containing tire comprises a wheel, a rubber carcass comprising at least a tread portion and a sidewall portion, and optionally a valve stem; and degradable foam comprised of a combination of: (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate, (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane amine, or a combination thereof, and (iii) optionally at least one polyol, the degradable foam contained in the interior of the rubber carcass. The method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising either: (a) a source of fluoride anion, or (b) an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid. The solution is also described herein as a degradant.
- The amount of solution applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass may vary depending upon various factors such as the particular type of solution utilized, the particular composition of the degradable foam, the overall volume of degradable foam inside the tire carcass, the dimensions of the tire (e.g., overall tire diameter, sidewall height, tread width), and the time available for the degradation of the foam to occur. Generally, larger volumes of foam will require larger volumes of solution and relatively larger tires (particularly those having higher sidewall height or wider tread width) may require relatively larger ratios of solution to foam to achieve the same approximate time for degradation.
- In certain embodiments of the first-third embodiments disclosed herein, the solution is applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass in an amount sufficient to provide fluoride anion in an amount of about 1% to about 100% (on a volume of source of fluoride anion to volume of degradable foam basis) or 1% to 100%. In certain embodiments of the fourth embodiment, the solution is applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass in an amount sufficient to provide fluoride anion in an amount of about 5% to about 100% (on a volume of source of fluoride anion to volume of degradable foam basis), including 5% to 100%, about 5% to about 90%, 5% to 90%, about 5% to about 80%, 5% to 80%, about 5% to about 70%, 5% to 70%, about 5% to about 60%, 5% to 60%, about 5% to about 50%, 5% to 50%, about 5% to about 40%, 5% to 40%, about 5% to about 30%, 5% to 30%, about 5% to about 20%, 5% to 20%, about 5% to about 15%, 5% to 15%, about 1% to about 20%, 1% to 20%, about 1% to about 15%, 1% to 15%, about 1% to about 10%, and 1% to 10%. For purposes of determining the volume of foam inside the rubber carcass, it is intended that the dimensions of the tire can be utilized (e.g., by calculating the volume of a torus having the dimensions of the tire) and the assumption made that the volume inside the rubber carcass is at least 95% filled with foam. The volume ratios provided herein are intended for application by using the density of the solution or the solution ingredients at 25° C. Generally, the greater the relative amount of polysiloxane as compared to polyol present in the foam, the greater the relative amount of fluoride anion that may be used to achieve degradation in the same amount of time.
- In certain embodiments of the first-third embodiments disclosed herein, the solution comprising the organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid is applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass in an amount sufficient to provide complete solubility of the acid in an amount of about 1% to about 50% (on a volume of solvent to volume of degradable foam basis) or 1-50%. In certain embodiments of the fourth embodiment, the solution is applied to the degradable foam inside the rubber carcass in an amount sufficient to provide complete solubility of the acid in an amount of about 10% to about 25% (on a volume of solvent to volume of degradable foam basis) or 10-25%.
- According to the methods of the fourth embodiment, the step of contacting the degradable foam with the specified solution may take various forms as long as the solution makes contact with the degradable foam. In certain embodiments of the fourth embodiment, the solution is injected into the degradable foam. In certain embodiments of the fourth embodiment, the solution is added through the valve stem, through the sidewall of the tire, through the tread of the tire, or by a combination thereof In those embodiments where the solution is added through the sidewall of the tire, it may be added at one or more sidewall locations and each location may be cut, punctured, pierced or some combination thereof to facilitate the addition of the solution. As non-limiting examples, the solution may be injected through the sidewall using a needle, nozzle or other injection device, either through the intact sidewall or through a cut, puncture or other opening added for the purpose of facilitating the addition of the solution to the degradable foam. In those embodiments where the solution is added through the tread of the tire, it may be added at one or more tread locations and each location may be cut, punctured, pierced or some combination thereof to facilitate the addition of the solution. As non-limiting examples, the solution may be injected through the tread using a needle, nozzle or other injection device, either through the intact tread or through a cut, puncture or other opening added for the purpose of facilitating the addition of the solution to the degradable foam. In certain embodiments of the fourth embodiment disclosed herein, the foam inside the rubber carcass is at least partially exposed to the outer environment prior to applying the solution. Various methods of partially exposing the polyurethane foam can be utilized, including cutting, puncturing, or piercing the sidewall or tread of the tire. In certain embodiments of the first-third embodiments, the tire is placed on one side and a cut is made (circumferentially) around a portion (preferably at least a majority) of the upper side of the tire exposing the foam inside; in such embodiments, the lower side of the tire can act as a type of container to collect the degraded foam, thereby containing it or eliminating the need for use of another container to collect the degraded foam. The foregoing description of methods for contacting the degradable foam with the degradant or solution should be understood to be applicable to certain embodiments of the first-third embodiments disclosed herein, in addition to the fourth embodiment.
- In certain embodiments of the methods of the fourth embodiment, the method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising a source of fluoride anion. Various sources of fluoride anion exist and may be utilized in the solution according to the methods of the fourth embodiment. In certain embodiments of the fourth embodiment, the solution comprising a source of fluoride anion comprises hydrogen fluoride, at least one tetraalkylammonium fluoride, cesium fluoride/caesium fluoride, a pyridine salt of hydrogen fluoride, or a combination thereof. Various tetraalkylammonium fluoride compounds are suitable for use as the degradant in certain embodiments of the fourth embodiment and in certain embodiments applicable to the first-third embodiments disclosed herein (e.g., for the third component in kits of the first embodiment). In certain such embodiments, the tetraalkylammonium fluoride has the general formula: (CnH2n+1)4N+F− where n is from 1 to 30, preferably n is from 1 to 18 and more preferably n is from 1 to 12 particular examples of which include, but are not limited to, tetramethylammonium fluoride, tetraethylammonium fluoride, tetrabutylammonium fluoride, tetrapentylammonium fluoride, tetrahexylammonium fluoride, tetraheptylammonium fluoride, tetraoctylammonium fluoride, tetranonylammonium fluoride, tetradecylammonium fluoride, tetraisopropylammonium fluoride, tetraisobutylammonium fluoride, tetra(tert-butyl)ammonium fluoride, tetra(tert-pentyl)ammonium fluoride, and combinations thereof. The preceding discussion of sources of fluoride anion should be understood to be applicable to those embodiments of the first-third embodiments that involve the use of such.
- In certain embodiments of the methods of the fourth embodiment, the method comprises contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof, and optionally a solvent for the acid. The pKa values referred to herein are of the acid in water. As used herein the term “organic acid” refers to acids containing carbon and hydrogen and having at least one COOH moiety and the term “inorganic acid” refers to acids lacking carbon. Non-limiting examples of suitable organic and inorganic acids having a pKa of less than 2 for use in the solution include sulfonic acids (e.g., camphorsulfonic acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid, methane sulfonic acid), hydrochloric acid, and hydrobromic acid. As used herein the term “sulfonic acid” refers to an acid having the formula RS(═O)2OH wherein R is selected from alkyl and aryl (either optionally substituted with one or more halogen). Optionally, the solution comprises at least one solvent capable of dissolving the acid (such as a protic or aprotic solvent).
- The methods of the fourth embodiment disclosed herein may be, but are not necessarily, utilized on the tires of the third embodiment disclosed herein.
- As discussed above, according to the embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the kits disclosed herein comprise, the degradable foam comprises or is prepared by combining ingredients comprising at least one di- or polyisocyanate. As used herein, the term diisocyanate is used to describe compounds that contain two isocyanate moieties (i.e., two —C(═O)N(H)— moieties) and the term polyisocyanate is used to describe compounds that contain more than two isocyanate moieties. Various compounds suitable for use as the at least one di- or polyisocyanate are well known. In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the at least one di- or polyisocyanate is selected from aliphatic di- or polyisocyanates, aromatic di- or polyisocyanates, araliphatic di- or polyisocyanates, cycloaliphatic, di- or polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof. Suitable compounds for each of the foregoing types of di- and polyisocyanates are well known. Non-limiting examples of suitable aromatic diisocyanates include toluene diisocyanate (also known as tolylene diisocyanate or TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (also known as methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) or MDI), 1,3′-dimethyl-4,4-biphenyl diisocyanate (also known as TODI), 1,4-para-phenylene diisocyanate (also known as PPDI), and 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate; in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments the at least one di- or polyisocyanate comprises at least one of the foregoing. Commercially available sources of toluene diisocyanate may include one or more of: 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, and combinations thereof. Commercially available sources of MDI may include one or more of 2,2′-, 2,4′-, and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Non-limiting examples of suitable aliphatic diisocyanates include butane diisocyanate, pentane diisocyanate, hexane diosocyanate, 4-isocyanatomethyl-1,8-octane diisocyanate (also known as triisocyanatononane or TIN), 1,4-butylene diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 2-butyl-2-ethylpentamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate (also known as hexane diisocyanate or HDI); in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments the at least one di- or polyisocyanate comprises at least one of the foregoing. Non-limiting examples of suitable cycloaliphatic diisocyanates include isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 2-isocyanatopropylcyclohexyl isocyanate, 2,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl) diisocyanate, 4-methylcyclohexane, 4,4′-methylene-bis(cyclohexylisocyanate (also known as hydrogenated MDI or H12 MDI), 3,5,5-trimethyl-1-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (also known as isophorone diisocyanate or IPDI), 1,3- and 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane (also known as (H6XDI), 1,3-diisocyanate (H-TDI); in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments the at least one di- or polyisocyanate comprises at least one of the foregoing. Non- limiting examples of suitable araliphatic di- or polyisocyanates include tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (also known as TMDXI), m-xylylene diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-biphenylene diisocyanate, polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4-diisocyanatodiphenyl sulfide, diethyldiisocyanatobenzene; in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments the at least one di- or polyisocyanate comprises at least one of the foregoing. In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments, the at least one di- or polyisocyanate may comprise a combination of one or more of the foregoing.
- As discussed above, according to the embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the kits disclosed herein comprise, the degradable foam comprises or is prepared by combining ingredients comprising at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof. The use of the phrase at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof is meant to encompass embodiments where one polysiloxane diol is used, more than one polysiloxane diol is used, one polysiloxane diamine is used, more than one polysiloxane diamine is used, one polysiloxane diol and one polysiloxane diamine are used, more than one polysiloxane diol and one polysiloxane diamine are used, one polysiloxane diol and more than one polysiloxane diamine are used, and more than one polysiloxane diol and more than one polysiloxane diamine are used. As used herein, the term polysiloxane is used to describe compounds that contain at least three Si each bonded to at least two oxygen.
- In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof comprises at least one polysiloxane diol having the formula
-
HO—(R5)m—Si(R1)(R3)—[O—Si(R2)(R4)]n—(R6)o—OH - wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different and are independently selected from optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms straight chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals, n is an integer of 2 to 365, m is an integer of 0 or 1, and o is an integer of 0 or 1. In certain embodiments, m and o are both 1 and R5 and R6 are independently selected from optionally substituted straight chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 12 carbons. In certain embodiments, none of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 contain any heteroatom. In certain embodiments, each of R1, R2, R3, R4 is independently selected from alkyl hydrocarbons. Examples of straight chain and branched saturated hydrocarbon suitable for use as R1, R2, R3, R4 or a combination thereof include alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, amyl, isoamyl, secamyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, pentyl, hexyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, heptyl, 5-methylhexyl, 1-methylhexyl, 2,2-dimethylpentyl, 3,3-dimethylpentyl, 4,4-dimethylpentyl, 1,2-dimethylpentyl, 1,3-dimethylpentyl, 1,4-dimethylpentyl, 1,2,3-trimethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylbutyl, 1,1,3-trimethylbutyl, octyl, 6-methylheptyl, 1-methylheptyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, nonyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-methyloctyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-ethylheptyl, 1-, 2- or 3-prophylhexyl, decyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- and 8-methylnonyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-ethyloctyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-propylheptyl, undecyl 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6,7-, 8- or 9-methyldecyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-ethylnonyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-propyloctyl, 1-, 2- or 3-butylheptyl, 1-pentylhexyl, dodecyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9- or 10-methylundecyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-ethyldecyl, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-propylnonyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-butyloctyl, 1,2-pentylheptyl and the like. Examples of cyclic saturated hydrocarbons suitable for use as R1, R2, R3, R4, or a combination thereof include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl and cyclodecyl and the like.
- In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof comprises at least one polysiloxane diamine having the formula
-
H2N—(R5)m—Si(R1)(R3)—[O—Si(R2)(R4)]n—(R6)o—NH2 - wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are the same or different and are independently selected from optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms straight chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals, n is an integer of 2 to 365, m is an integer of 0 or 1, and o is an integer of 0 or 1. In certain embodiments, m and o are both 1 and R5 and R6 are independently selected from optionally substituted straight chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 12 carbons. In certain embodiments, none of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 contain any heteroatom. In certain embodiments, each of R1, R2, R3, R4 is independently selected from alkyl hydrocarbons. Examples of suitable R1, R2, R3, R4 include those discussed above in the section on polysiloxane diols. Various polysiloxane diamines are commercially available from suppliers such as Sigma Aldrich Corporation (St. Louis, Miss.). Non-limiting examples of polysiloxane diamines suitable for use in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein include poly(dimethylsiloxane) diamine, poly(methylphenyl siloxane) diamine, poly(epoxy-modified siloxane) diamine, poly(dimethyl siloxane)co-poly(diphenyl siloxane) diamine, polysiloxane-polyether diamine copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) bis(3-aminopropyl) terminated, and combinations thereof.
- As discussed above, according to certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the kits disclosed herein comprise, the degradable foam comprises or is prepared by combining ingredients comprising at least one polyol along with the at least one di- or polyisocyanate, and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof. In other words, the at least one polyol is an optional ingredient in the degradable foam. As used herein, a polyol describes a compound that is reactive with the NC(═O) functionality of the di- or polyisocyanate and that has a mean OH or NH functionality of at least 2. In those embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein when at least one polyol is utilized, the degradable foam that results from the mixture of ingredients can be considered to be a degradable polyurethane foam. In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments when the at least one polyol is utilized it is selected from alkylene polyols, arylene polyols, polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polybutadiene polyols, polyamines, polyether polyamines, hydrocarbon polyols, and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of alkylene polyols and arylene polyols include diols (e.g., 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonadiol, 1,10-decandiol, 1,12-dodecanediol, 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol, p-xyleneglycol, 1,4-bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene), triols (e.g., glycerol, trimethylolpropane), and tetraols (e.g., pentaerythritol). Non-limiting examples of polyether polyols include those with the formula HO—[(CH2)m—O]n—H wherein m is an integer of 28 or more, preferably 4 to 18 and n is an integer of 2 to 50 including poly(tetramethylene oxide), polyhexamethylene oxide (also known as PHMO), polyheptamethylene diol, polyoctamethylene oxide (POMO), polydecamethylene oxide (PDMO), and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of polycarbonate polyols include poly(alkylenecarbonates) such as poly(hexamethylene carbonate) and poly(decamethylene carbonate); polycarbonates prepared by reacting alkylene carbonate with alkanediols for example 1,4-butanediol, 1,10-decandiol, 1,6-hexanediol and/or 2,2-diethyl 1,3-propanediol; and silicon based polycarbonates prepared by reacting alkylene carbonate with 1,3-bis (4-hydroxybutyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (BHTD) and/or alkanediols.
- Various polyols suitable for use in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein are commercially available from supplier such as Sigma Aldrich Corporation (St. Louis, Miss.). Moreover, various methods for producing polyols suitable for use in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein are well known. For example, polyether polyols are obtainable by alkoxylation of suitable starter molecules with base catalysis or using double metal cyanide compounds (DMC compounds). Suitable starter molecules for the preparation of polyether polyols are, for example, simple, low molecular weight polyols, water, organic polyamines having at least two N—H bonds or arbitrary mixtures of such starter molecules. Preferred starter molecules for the preparation of polyether polyols by alkoxylation, in particular by the DMC process, are in particular simple polyols such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol as well as low molecular weight, hydroxyl-group containing esters of such polyols with dicarboxylic acids of the type mentioned by way of example below or low molecular weight ethoxylation or propoxylation products of such simple polyols or arbitrary mixtures of such modified or unmodified alcohols. Alkylene oxides suitable for the alkoxylation are in particular ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, which can be used in the alkoxylation in any desired sequence or also in admixture. Polyester polyols can be prepared by polycondensation of low molecular weight polycarboxylic acid derivatives, such as, for example, succinic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, dimer fatty acid, trimer fatty acid, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, citric acid or trimellitic acid, with low molecular weight polyols, such as, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hexanediol, butanediol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, 1,4-hydroxymethylcyclohexane, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol and polybutylene glycol, or by ring -opening polymerization of cyclic carboxylic acid esters, such as E-caprolactone. In addition, hydroxycarboxylic acid derivatives, such as, for example, lactic acid, cinnamic acid or w-hydroxycaproic acid, can also be polycondensed to polyester polyols. However, polyester polyols of oleochemical origin can also be used. Such polyester polyols can be prepared, for example, by complete ring opening of epoxidized triglycerides of an at least partially olefinically unsaturated fatty-acid-containing fatty mixture with one or more alcohols having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and by subsequent partial transesterification of the triglyceride derivatives to alkylester polyols having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical. Polyacrylate polyols can be prepared by radical polymerization of hydroxyl-group-containing, olefinically unsaturated monomers or by radical copolymerization of hydroxyl-group-containing, olefinically unsaturated monomers with optionally other olefinically unsaturated monomers, such as, for example, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, styrene, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile. Suitable hydroxyl-group-containing, olefinically unsaturated monomers include 2-hydroxyethylacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, the hydroxypropyl acrylate isomer mixture obtainable by addition of propylene oxide to acrylic acid, and the hydroxypropylmethacrylate isomer mixture obtainable by addition of propylene oxide to methacrylic acid. Suitable radical initiators are those from the group of the azo compounds, such as, for example, azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN), or from the group of the peroxides, such as, for example, di-tert-butyl peroxide.
- As discussed above, according to the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the kits disclosed herein comprise, the degradable foam comprises or is prepared by combining ingredients comprising (i) at least one di- or polyisocyanate; (ii) at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof; and (iii) optionally at least one polyol. Varying amounts of each component can be utilized.
- In those embodiments where the at least one polyol is present, it can be utilized in varying amounts. In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the polyol is present and it comprises about 1 to about 95% by volume of the total combined volume of the at least one polyol and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the at least one polyol is present and it comprises about 1 to about 95% by weight of the total combined amount (by weight) of the at least one polyol and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the at least one polyol is present and it comprises about 1 to about 95%, 1 to 95%, about 1 to about 75%, 1 to 75%, about 1 to about 50%, 1 to 50%, about 5 to about 95%, 5 to 95%, about 5 to about 75%, 5 to 75%, about 5 to about 50%, 5 to 50%, about 10 to about 95%, 10 to 95%, about 10 to about 75%, 10 to 75%, about 10 about 50%, 10 to 50%, about 10 to about 40%, 10 to 40%, about 10 to about 25%, 10 to 25%, about 15 to about 95%, 15 to 95%, about 15 to about 75%, 15 to 75%, about 15 to about 50%, 15 to 50%, about 15 to about 40%, 15 to 40%, about 15 to about 25%, or 15 to 25%, each amount by weight of the total combined amount (by weight) of the at least one polyol and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof. As a non-limiting example, an amount of about 15 to about 25% by weight of the at least one polyol would be met by the use of 85 parts by weight of the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof with 15 parts by weight of the at least one polyol, and also by the use of 75 parts by weight of the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof with 25 parts by weight of the at least one polyol, respectively. In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the at least one polyol is present and comprises a majority by weight of the total combined amount (by weight) of the at least one polyol and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments of the first embodiment, the second component of the kit comprises about 1 to about 50%, 1 to 50%, about 15 to about 25%, or 15% to 25% by weight of the at least one polyol, based upon the combined total weight of at least one polyol and at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof.
- For purposes of the following discussion, the first component should be understood as including the at least one di- or polyisocyanate and the second component should be understood as including the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof as well as any polyol that is utilized. According to the first-fourth embodiments, the relative amount of the first component and second component contained in the degradable foam, in the kit, or used to prepare the degradable foam can vary widely. In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the ratio of the first component to the second component is from greater than 1:1 up to about 4:1, including up to 4:1, about 1.2:1 to about 4:1, 1.2:1 to 4:1, about 1.5:1 to about 4:1, 1.5:1 to 4:1, about 2:1 to about 4:1, 2:1 to 4:1, about 1.5:1 to about 3:1, 1.5:1 to 3:1, about 2:1 to about 3:1, and 2:1 to 3:1. As those of skill in the art will understand, the ratio of the first component to second component can be varied depending upon the ultimate use for the foam-filled tire with relatively higher amounts of the first component (di- or polyisocyanate) producing a foam that is relatively less compressible.
- In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments, a foaming agent will be included in the ingredients of the kit, ingredients of the foam or ingredients used to prepare the foam. In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments, the foaming agent comprises water which is present in a sufficient amount in one or more of the other ingredients (e.g., at least one polyol) that no separate foaming agent need be added. In other embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments, a separate foaming agent is utilized and it can be combined with the at least one di- or polyisocyanate (e.g., present in the first component of the first embodiment), with the at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof and the optional at least one polyol (e.g., present in the second component of the first embodiment). Alternatively, according to certain embodiments of the first embodiment, the foaming agent does not comprise part of the kit but is added to the components of the kit at the time of addition of the degradable foam into the pneumatic tire. Various foaming agents suitable for use in preparing foams including polyurethane foams are well known. Non-limiting examples of suitable foaming agents for use in those embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments that utilize a foaming agent include water, hydrocarbons (e.g., propane, butane, pentane), halocarbons (e.g., fluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons), air, carbon dioxide, azodicarbonamide, and combinations thereof. In literature relating to production of foams such as polyurethane foams, foaming agents are often referred to as blowing agents, and, thus, blowing agents known to be useful for producing polyurethane foams can be utilized as the foaming agent in certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein. The amount of foaming agent utilized is a relatively minor amount such as no more than 5%, no more than 3%, no more than 1% by weight of the total amount of di- or polyisocyanate; at least one polysiloxane diol, at least one polysiloxane diamine, or a combination thereof; and any polyol.
- In certain embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments, at least one catalyst is included in the ingredients of the kit, ingredients of the foam or ingredients used to prepare the foam. Catalysts for use in preparing foams such as polyurethane foams are well known. Suitable catalysts for use in those embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments where at least one catalyst is utilized include, but are not limited to, catalysts typically used in polyurethane production. Non-limiting examples of suitable catalysts for use in those embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments where at least one catalyst is utilized include organic amines (e.g., tertiary aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines) and Lewis-acid organic metal compounds (e.g., tin compounds such as tin(II) salts of organic carboxylic acids, metal complexes such as acetyl acetonates of iron, titanium, zinc, aluminum, zirconium, manganese, nickel, and cobalt, zinc carboxylates, cesium carboxylates, cobalt carboxylates). In those embodiments of the first-fourth embodiments where at least one catalyst is utilized varying amounts can be utilized; in certain such embodiments, the amount of at least one catalyst is 0.0001% to 10% by weight, including 0.001 to 5% by weight based upon the total amount (by weight) of di- or polyisocyanate.
- As discussed above, the degradable foams disclosed herein can be degraded using a solution comprising either: (a) a source of fluoride anion, or (b) an organic acid having a pKa of less than 2, an inorganic acid having a pKa of less than 2, or a combination thereof and optionally a solvent for the acid. The components of (a) and (b) can be generically described as “degradants.” The method of the fourth embodiment includes a step of contacting the degradable foam with a solution comprising one of these degradants; the relative amounts of degradant to foam are as discussed above. In certain embodiments applicable to the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, degrading of the foam can be achieved more quickly or more completely by the use of heat. In certain embodiments where the degradant comprises an inorganic acid, the method of the fourth embodiment preferably includes heating. When heating is utilized, it may comprise heating at a temperature above about 40° C., preferably above about 100° C. In certain embodiments applicable to the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein where heating is utilized, it comprises heating at about 120 to about 250° C., including 120 to 250° C., about 140 to about 200° C., and 140 to 200° C. Generally, the heating temperatures disclosed herein should be understood as the temperature reached by the combined solution and degradable foam such as could be measured by insertion of a thermometer or thermocouple into a portion of the combined solution and foam. In certain embodiments applicable to the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the heating comprises heating for about 0.5 to about 10 hours, including 0.5 to 10 hours, about 0.5 hours to about 5 hours, 0.5 hours to 5 hours, about 0.5 hours to about 3 hours, 0.5 hours to 3 hours, about 0.5 hours to about 2 hours, 0.5 hours to 2 hours, about 0.5 hours to about 1 hour, and 0.5 hours to 1 hour, each time period including but not limited to the foregoing heating temperatures. The heating temperature utilized will be somewhat dependent upon the amount of time available for degradation of the foam; generally, faster degradation will occur at higher temperatures. According to certain embodiments applicable to the first-fourth embodiments disclosed herein, the heating (including at the foregoing temperatures and/or for the foregoing time periods) may be achieved using various methods, non-limiting examples of which include placing the tire containing solution applied to the foam onto a heater, into a heater, under a heater, or applying directed heat to the tire. Non-limiting examples of suitable heaters or heat sources include hot-plate type surfaces, ovens, tire molds, radiant heat sources, and microwaves.
- The following examples illustrate specific and exemplary embodiments and/or certain features of the embodiments of the present disclosure. The examples are provided solely for the purposes of illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Numerous variations over the specific examples are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the presently disclosed embodiments.
- Example 1 (control): A sample of polyurethane foam weighing 10 grams was obtained; the sample had been cut from a used pneumatic tire that had been filled with the polyurethane foam and utilized on a vehicle. The polyurethane foam sample was black in color and generally non-compressible by hand-squeezing. The polyurethane foam had been prepared from a combination of a first component (toluene diisocyanate and oil) and a second component (comprising polypropylene oxide, ethylene oxide, and oil) in approximately equal amounts.
- Example 2: A degradable foam was prepared according to the following procedure. A first component comprising toluene diisocyanate and oil was utilized. A second component comprising polypropylene oxide and ethylene oxide was provided. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) hydroxyl terminated (Mn=550 grams/mole) was obtained from Sigma- Aldrich Corporation. The poly(dimethylsiloxane) hydroxyl terminated was mixed with the second component in an amount sufficient to comprise 25% by weight of the modified second component (i.e., 1 part poly(dimethylsiloxane) to 3 parts original second component). 1.1 parts of the first component and 1 part of the modified second component were mixed together and allowed to stand wherein foaming began within minutes, thereby forming a degradable foam.
- Example 3: The degradable foam prepared in Example 2 was degraded according to the following procedure. A 10 gram sample of the foam was mixed with 1.0 milliliters of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (a source of fluoride anion). The mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature overnight on an orbital mixer. When the mixture was observed the following morning, the foam had degraded into a pourable liquid.
- Example 4 (control): A 10 gram sample of the foam of Example 1 was subjected to the same procedure described in Example 3 (i.e., mixed with 1.0 milliliters of tetrabutylammonium fluoride under the same conditions). The control foam which lacked any polysiloxane did not degrade as a result of contact with the fluoride anion source, instead retaining its solid and non-compressible form rather than degrading into a pourable liquid.
- As shown by the above examples, the incorporation of polysiloxane into a polyurethane foam results in a degradable foam that is capable of degradation into a pourable liquid upon contact with a source of fluoride anion.
- This application discloses several numerical range limitations that support any range within the disclosed numerical ranges, even though a precise range limitation may not be stated verbatim in the specification, because the embodiments of the compositions and methods disclosed herein could be practiced throughout the disclosed numerical ranges. With respect to the use of substantially any plural or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context or application. The various singular or plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
- It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims are generally intended as “open” terms. For example, the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to.” It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles “a” or “an” limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to inventions containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases “one or more” or “at least one” and indefinite articles such as “a” or “an” (e.g., “a” or “an” should typically be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more”); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of “two recitations,” without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g.,“a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B.”
- All references, including but not limited to patents, patent applications, and non-patent literature are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
- While various aspects and embodiments of the compositions and methods have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the claims.
Claims (13)
1. A method for degrading polyurethane foam from inside of a mounted polyurethane foam-containing tire, the method comprising:
a. providing a solution comprising at least one phosphorous oxoacid or an ester thereof,
b. providing a mounted tire comprising a wheel and a rubber carcass and having polyurethane foam inside the rubber carcass,
c. applying the solution to the polyurethane foam inside the carcass, and
d. heating to degrade the polyurethane foam.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one phosphorous oxoacid or an ester thereof comprises an ester which is optionally halogenated.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the ester comprises at least one of:
a. a diester;
b. a monoester; or
c. a triester.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein the ester functionality comprises an alkyl group each independently selected from C1-C41 optionally substituted with one or more halogen, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic group selected from C5-C53 optionally substituted with one or more halogen.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one phosphorous oxoacid or ester thereof comprises dimethyl phosphonate, diethyl phosphonate, or a combination thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution is applied to the foam in a volume/volume ratio of about 10/1 to about 1/1, or the amount of degradant in the polyurethane foam is about 50 to about 300% by weight of the polyurethane foam.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heating comprises at least one of:
a. heating at about 120 to about 250° C., preferably about 140 to about 200° C.; or
b. heating for about 0.5 to about 10 hours, preferably about 0.5 hours to about 5 hours.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising exposing at least a portion of the foam prior to applying the solution.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mounted tire further comprises a tire stem and applying of the solution comprises adding the solution through the tire stem.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution comprising at least one phosphorous oxoacid or an ester thereof further comprises at least one catalyst, at least one surfactant, a combination thereof.
11. A method for separating a wheel from a mounted polyurethane foam and degradant-containing tire by degrading the foam, the method comprising:
a. providing a mounted tire comprising a wheel and a rubber carcass with polyurethane foam inside the rubber carcass wherein the polyurethane foam includes a degradant comprising at least one phosphorous oxoacid or an ester thereof,
b. optionally applying a solution comprising at least one phosphorous oxoacid or an ester thereof to the polyurethane foam inside the rubber carcass,
c. heating to degrade the polyurethane foam, and
d. separating the wheel from the rubber carcass.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the at least one phosphorous oxoacid or an ester thereof comprises an ester which is optionally halogenated.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the ester comprises at least one of:
a. a diester;
b. a monoester; or
c. a triester.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18/158,244 US20230150214A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2023-01-23 | Degradable Foam-Containing Tires, Related Methods And Kits For Adding Degradable Foam To Tires |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201562196102P | 2015-07-23 | 2015-07-23 | |
PCT/US2016/042762 WO2017015196A2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2016-07-18 | Degradable foam-containing tires, related methods and kits for adding degradable foam to tires |
US201815746809A | 2018-01-23 | 2018-01-23 | |
US18/158,244 US20230150214A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2023-01-23 | Degradable Foam-Containing Tires, Related Methods And Kits For Adding Degradable Foam To Tires |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/746,809 Division US11559958B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2016-07-18 | Degradable foam-containing tires, related methods and kits for adding degradable foam to tires |
PCT/US2016/042762 Division WO2017015196A2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2016-07-18 | Degradable foam-containing tires, related methods and kits for adding degradable foam to tires |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20230150214A1 true US20230150214A1 (en) | 2023-05-18 |
Family
ID=57835159
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/746,809 Active 2038-06-30 US11559958B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2016-07-18 | Degradable foam-containing tires, related methods and kits for adding degradable foam to tires |
US18/158,244 Pending US20230150214A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2023-01-23 | Degradable Foam-Containing Tires, Related Methods And Kits For Adding Degradable Foam To Tires |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/746,809 Active 2038-06-30 US11559958B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2016-07-18 | Degradable foam-containing tires, related methods and kits for adding degradable foam to tires |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US11559958B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017015196A2 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017015055A1 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-26 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Methods relating to polyurethane foam-containing and degradable foam-containing tires, and degradable foam-containing tires |
Family Cites Families (45)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3246048A (en) | 1962-09-14 | 1966-04-12 | Dow Corning | Organosiloxane-polyether urethanes |
BE674409A (en) | 1964-12-30 | 1966-04-15 | ||
US3814158A (en) * | 1970-04-03 | 1974-06-04 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Run flat device for tires |
CH588517A5 (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1977-06-15 | Ciba Geigy Ag | |
US4169915A (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1979-10-02 | Johns-Manville Corporation | Fire resistant foam products |
DE2834431C3 (en) * | 1978-08-05 | 1981-05-14 | Th. Goldschmidt Ag, 4300 Essen | Process for the gentle processing of waste from organic polyadducts containing urethane and / or urea groups |
DE3033330A1 (en) * | 1980-09-04 | 1982-04-29 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIQUID MIXTURES OF COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ISOCYANATE GROUPS, AND THEIR USE AS A BUILDING COMPONENT IN THE PRODUCTION OF POLYURETHANE PLASTICS |
US4480009A (en) * | 1980-12-15 | 1984-10-30 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Siloxane-containing polymers |
KR910005771B1 (en) | 1988-03-22 | 1991-08-03 | 주식회사 럭키 | Polyimide siloxan and preparation for the poly imide siloxane |
US5034427A (en) * | 1989-11-22 | 1991-07-23 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Method for preparing moulded polureapolyurethane flexible foams |
JP2612940B2 (en) | 1989-09-21 | 1997-05-21 | 日信化学工業株式会社 | Composition for siloxane-modified acrylic rubber foam |
US5070138A (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 1991-12-03 | E. R. Carpenter Company, Inc. | Polyurethane elastomer tire fill compositions and method of making same |
CA2057668A1 (en) | 1991-12-13 | 1993-06-14 | Speros P. Nemphos | Degradable foam |
US5605657A (en) | 1992-05-14 | 1997-02-25 | Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc. | Industrial solid tires and method of manufacture |
US5614564A (en) | 1993-07-28 | 1997-03-25 | Samsung General Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Degradable foam and the method for its production |
JP2841352B2 (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1998-12-24 | 株式会社イノアックコーポレーション | Tire wheels |
AUPO251096A0 (en) | 1996-09-23 | 1996-10-17 | Cardiac Crc Nominees Pty Limited | Polysiloxane-containing polyurethane elastomeric compositions |
JPH1128905A (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 1999-02-02 | Bridgestone Corp | Filling tube for tire and manufacture thereof |
US5950542A (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-09-14 | Kodak Polychrome Graphics Llc | Direct write waterless imaging member with improved ablation properties and methods of imaging and printing |
JPH11292951A (en) | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-26 | Bridgestone Corp | Readily decomposable flexible polyurethane foam |
US6723771B2 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2004-04-20 | Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc. | High friction polyurethane elastomers having improved abrasion resistance |
KR20040024064A (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-20 | 김영미 | Manufacture of polyisocyanurate foam blown by HFC family blowing agent and recycled polyol which obtained from polyurethane foam scrap |
JP4160353B2 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2008-10-01 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Tire filling body and motorcycle tire and rim assembly including the same |
DE10253331A1 (en) | 2002-11-14 | 2004-06-03 | Symrise Gmbh & Co. Kg | Use of trans-pellitori as a flavoring |
US20040154718A1 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-12 | Doesburg Van I. | Polyurethane filled tire and method of making same |
JP2006159680A (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-22 | Bridgestone Corp | Storage method for foamed elastic filler |
JP4804778B2 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2011-11-02 | シーシーアイ株式会社 | Polyurethane composition and solid tire |
KR101280049B1 (en) | 2005-10-12 | 2013-06-28 | 오피디엄 피티와이 엘티디. | Method and apparatus for optical transmission of digital signals |
BRPI0600782A (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-11-20 | Phb Ind Sa | composition for preparing degradable polyester polyol, process for obtaining polyester, elastomer, foam, paint and adhesive polyols, and degradable foam of a polyester polyol |
US8889788B2 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2014-11-18 | Basf Se | Dispersions of polyurethanes, their preparation and use |
GB2447460A (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-17 | Edward Thornton Russell | Bicycle puncture free tyre system |
US7858835B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2010-12-28 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Foam control for synthetic adhesive/sealant |
CA2643702A1 (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2010-05-24 | Borislav Vanguelov | Polyurethane - polysiloxane compositions and related technology for corrosive protection of different metallic constructions and materials |
CN101891875A (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2010-11-24 | 淄博联创聚氨酯有限公司 | Degradable rigid polyurethane foaming plastic and raw materials thereof |
DE102009051445A1 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Use of special catalysts for the production of polyurethane coatings |
CN102754032B (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2015-07-15 | 日立化成株式会社 | Photosensitive resin composition and photosensitive element using same, resist pattern formation method and printed circuit board manufacturing method |
CN102093702B (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2012-10-17 | 成都大成塑胶有限公司 | Preparation method of thermoplastic polyurethane-polysiloxane block copolymer |
JP6134473B2 (en) | 2011-07-19 | 2017-05-24 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | PHOTOCURABLE RESIN COMPOSITION, WATERWIRE MEMBER AND FUNCTIONAL PANEL USING THE SAME |
DE102011109541A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2013-02-07 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Use of polysiloxanes containing branched polyether radicals for the production of polyurethane foams |
JP5875300B2 (en) | 2011-09-06 | 2016-03-02 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Polishing pad and manufacturing method thereof |
BR112014006646B1 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2020-11-17 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | PROCESS TO PREPARE A POLYMER BASED ON POLYISOCIANATE AND URETAN CATALYST |
FR2991686B1 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2015-05-01 | Michelin & Cie | PNEUMATIC BANDAGE WHOSE INTERNAL WALL HAS A SPECIFIC POLYURETHANE FOAM LAYER |
MX2015004380A (en) | 2012-10-10 | 2015-06-10 | Basf Se | Viscoelastic polyurethane foam. |
DE102013211349A1 (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-18 | Evonik Industries Ag | Siloxane polyether isocyanate composition |
CN103992412B (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 江苏卧尔康家居用品有限公司 | Modified Huaihe River sweet potato starch prepolymer and the degradable polyurethane expanded material prepared with this prepolymer |
-
2016
- 2016-07-18 US US15/746,809 patent/US11559958B2/en active Active
- 2016-07-18 WO PCT/US2016/042762 patent/WO2017015196A2/en active Application Filing
-
2023
- 2023-01-23 US US18/158,244 patent/US20230150214A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017015055A1 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-26 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Methods relating to polyurethane foam-containing and degradable foam-containing tires, and degradable foam-containing tires |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2017015196A2 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
US11559958B2 (en) | 2023-01-24 |
WO2017015196A3 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
US20200079039A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR101682986B1 (en) | Polyurethane foam production process, pre-mix, formulation, and product | |
JP6230716B2 (en) | Polyurethane foam and related methods and articles | |
KR101168766B1 (en) | Polyols and Polyurethanes and Polyurethane Foams Using the Same | |
JP2007056080A (en) | Biodegradable resin foamable particle, method for producing the biodegradable resin foamable particle, and foamed-in-place molded product | |
US20160229972A1 (en) | Foam products and methods of producing the same | |
JP2011511856A (en) | Isocyanate-based insulation foam | |
JP2014521803A (en) | Low release low density spray polyurethane foam | |
CN108603013A (en) | The production method of polymer composition, the product and this polymer composition that are prepared using this polymer composition based on thermoplastic co-polymer ester elastomer | |
JP6882195B2 (en) | A method for producing a slow-acting gelling catalyst composition and a polyurethane polymer. | |
AU2020360309A1 (en) | Polyol resin blend for use in producing stable polyol components | |
JP5933442B2 (en) | Polyol mixtures containing 1,3- and / or 1,4-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane-initiated polyols and at least one of methylene bis (cyclohexylamine) -initiated polyols and cyclohexanediamine-initiated polyols, and made therefrom Polyurethane | |
JP2017509738A (en) | Method for producing polyurethane rigid foam and polyisocyanurate rigid foam | |
JP6324908B2 (en) | Method for producing rigid polymer foam, rigid polymer foam and method for using the same | |
US11559958B2 (en) | Degradable foam-containing tires, related methods and kits for adding degradable foam to tires | |
CN115093821A (en) | Laminate and skin material for interior material for vehicle | |
JP7337162B2 (en) | Reaction mixtures suitable for producing foams with reduced aldehyde emissions | |
JP2015151526A (en) | Flame retardant polyurethane foam | |
TW201202504A (en) | Liquid flame retardant formulation useful for flame lamination applications | |
US11021561B2 (en) | Amine composition useful for making polyurethane foam | |
JP6556137B2 (en) | Reduction of aldehydes in amine catalysts. | |
JP2018083909A (en) | Hard isocyanurate foam composition and method for producing hard isocyanurate foam | |
JP5482429B2 (en) | Method for producing foamed particles and resin composition for foamed particles | |
US20200109249A1 (en) | Methods for Producing Polyurethane Foams | |
JP2014040521A (en) | Method of producing foaming particles and resin composition for foaming particles | |
JP2014040506A (en) | Foaming particle, foamed molded body, and manufacturing method therefor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BRIDGESTONE AMERICAS TIRE OPERATIONS, LLC, TENNESSEE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ABELL, JOSHUA P.;REEL/FRAME:062556/0375 Effective date: 20230131 |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |