US20230105268A1 - Anatomical gripping system for gripping the leg and foot of a patient when effecting hip distraction and/or when effecting leg positioning - Google Patents
Anatomical gripping system for gripping the leg and foot of a patient when effecting hip distraction and/or when effecting leg positioning Download PDFInfo
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- US20230105268A1 US20230105268A1 US18/071,218 US202218071218A US2023105268A1 US 20230105268 A1 US20230105268 A1 US 20230105268A1 US 202218071218 A US202218071218 A US 202218071218A US 2023105268 A1 US2023105268 A1 US 2023105268A1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/37—Restraining devices for the body or for body parts, e.g. slings; Restraining shirts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for holding wounds open; Tractors
- A61B17/025—Joint distractors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/04—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints
- A61F5/05—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints for immobilising
- A61F5/058—Splints
- A61F5/05841—Splints for the limbs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
- A61G13/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G13/12—Rests specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of patient-supporting surfaces
- A61G13/1205—Rests specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of patient-supporting surfaces for specific parts of the body
- A61G13/1245—Knees, upper or lower legs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/66—Alignment, compression or distraction mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/8866—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices for gripping or pushing bones, e.g. approximators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00477—Coupling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
- A61G13/0036—Orthopaedic operating tables
- A61G13/0081—Orthopaedic operating tables specially adapted for hip surgeries
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
- A61G13/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G13/12—Rests specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of patient-supporting surfaces
- A61G13/1205—Rests specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of patient-supporting surfaces for specific parts of the body
- A61G13/125—Ankles or feet
Definitions
- This invention relates to medical apparatus in general, and more particularly to medical apparatus for gripping the leg and foot of a patient when effecting hip distraction and/or when effecting leg positioning.
- This hip distraction is commonly achieved by applying a distraction force to the distal end of the leg of the patient.
- the distraction force applied to the distal end of the leg of the patient is typically around 50-100 pounds (or more) of force.
- a surgical boot is placed on the foot and lower leg of the patient, the surgical boot is connected to a distraction frame, and then the distraction frame is used to apply a distraction force to the boot, whereby to apply a distraction force to the leg of the patient.
- Securing the leg of the patient to the distraction frame also allows for appropriate positioning of the leg of the patient during various surgical procedures (e.g., such as when placing the leg into abduction).
- the foot and lower leg of the patient can slip within the surgical boot when the distraction force is applied, thereby reducing the amount of distraction achieved. This is particularly true with patients who have small feet and wide ankles, since this makes it difficult to secure the patient’s anatomy within the surgical boot.
- Such slippage of the anatomy within the surgical boot can be highly problematic, since the amount of hip distraction achieved is typically fairly small to begin with, and hence any slippage of the anatomy within the surgical boot can further reduce the amount of hip distraction achieved.
- the points of engagement between the surgical boot and the anatomy shift, such that the anatomy may be out of position within the surgical boot and/or the anatomy may no longer be properly oriented relative to the distraction frame.
- the present invention provides a new and improved approach for securing the leg of a patient to a distraction frame, wherein the conventional surgical boot is replaced by a novel anatomical gripping system which eliminates the problems associated with conventional surgical boots.
- an anatomical gripping system comprising:
- a method for distracting a hip joint comprising:
- an anatomical gripping system comprising:
- a method for distracting a hip joint comprising:
- an anatomical gripping system comprising:
- a method for distracting a hip joint comprising:
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a surgical table, a distraction frame, and portions of a novel anatomical gripping system formed in accordance with the present invention
- FIGS. 2 - 4 are schematic views showing a novel anatomical gripping system formed in accordance with the present invention.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic views showing some of the bones of the foot and lower leg of a human
- FIGS. 7 , 7 A, 8 and 9 are schematic views showing further details of the soft butterfly wrap of the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention.
- FIGS. 9 A- 9 D are schematic views showing another soft butterfly wrap of the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing how the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention applies forces to the foot and lower leg of a patient;
- FIGS. 11 , 12 , 12 A, 12 B and 13 are schematic views showing further details of the soft liner of the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 A is a schematic view showing further details of the soft butterfly wrap and the novel soft liner of the anatomical gripping system of the present invention.
- FIGS. 14 - 34 are schematic views showing further details of the binding of the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a new and improved approach for securing the leg of a patient to a distraction frame, wherein the conventional surgical boot is replaced by a novel anatomical gripping system which eliminates the problems associated with conventional surgical boots.
- the present invention comprises a novel anatomical gripping system 5 formed in accordance with the present invention.
- Anatomical gripping system 5 is intended to grip the foot and lower leg of a patient lying on a surgical table 10 , with anatomical gripping system 5 being connected to a distraction frame 15 , such that distraction frame 15 can apply a distraction force to the leg of a patient via anatomical gripping system 5 .
- Anatomical gripping system 5 is shown gripping a simulation leg 20 in FIGS. 2 - 4 .
- anatomical gripping system 5 comprises various components which are designed to optimize the manner in which anatomical gripping system 5 grips the foot and lower leg of a patient. Significantly, this results in enhanced gripping of the anatomy by anatomical gripping system 5 , and less slippage of the anatomy relative to anatomical gripping system 5 , particularly with respect to slippage of the heel of the patient relative to anatomical gripping system 5 .
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show some of the bones of the foot and lower leg of a human.
- anatomical gripping system 5 is designed to grip the foot of the patient at the forefoot and at the calcaneus bone, i.e., on the superior (i.e., proximal) surface of the calcaneus bone ( FIGS.
- anatomical gripping system 5 is designed to securely grip the essential anatomy of the patient without requiring adjacent non-essential anatomy to be tightly squeezed, thus reducing the pressure that the remaining surfaces of the foot and lower leg receive. Gripping the foot and lower leg of the patient using the prominent bones of the foot and lower leg of the patient (i.e., the calcaneus and malleoli bones) ensures a secure grip of the foot and lower leg of the patient while minimizing trauma to the anatomy of the patient.
- This approach is in sharp contrast to the approach of conventional surgical boots, which seek to tighten down the surgical boot across the dorsum of the foot and about the ankle of the patient, in a relatively focal zone which contains soft tissue, nerves and blood supply.
- the use of conventional surgical boots can lead to injury if the surgical boot is excessively tightened, but can also lead to slippage if the surgical boot is not sufficiently tightened.
- conventional surgical boots generally hold the foot of a patient at a 90 degree angle relative to the lower leg of the patient. While this disposition of the foot relative to the lower leg of the patient may be appropriate for footwear of the sort used for walking, it is not necessarily optimal for gripping the foot and lower leg of the patient for hip distraction purposes.
- the present invention may be configured to hold the foot of the patient at an angle of approximately 100 degrees relative to the lower leg of the patient. Inclining the foot of the patient at an angle of approximately 100 degrees relative to the lower leg of the patient places the calcaneus bone in a more pronounced position and thus allows for significantly improved gripping of the foot and lower leg of the patient by anatomical gripping system 5 .
- the aforementioned approximately 100 degree incline between the foot of the patient and the lower leg of the patient may also provide the additional benefit of greater comfort for the patient.
- the angle of incline between the foot and lower leg of the patient may also be greater than approximately 100 degrees in order to allow for more flex of the foot.
- the angle of incline between the foot and lower leg of the patient may be less than approximately 100 degrees, but preferably is not less than approximately 90 degrees.
- anatomical gripping system 5 generally comprises three components:
- Soft butterfly wrap 25 ( FIGS. 7 , 7 A and 8 - 11 ) is intended to be positioned directly against the skin of the patient on both sides of the malleoli.
- Soft butterfly wrap 25 is preferably formed out of a foam of density and stiffness similar to what may be seen in performance sports footwear like ski boots, snow board boots and skates.
- the foam serves to “build up” the anatomy of the patient distal (i.e., inferior) to the malleoli and proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli, whereby to facilitate gripping the anatomy of the patient both distal (i.e., inferior) and proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli, and whereby to facilitate distributing the gripping load imposed on the anatomy of the patient.
- soft butterfly wrap 25 comprises a lower band 40 , an upper band 45 and a connecting portion 50 .
- Lower band 40 surrounds the mid-foot and forefoot of the patient.
- Upper band 45 surrounds the lower leg proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli.
- Connecting portion 50 connects lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 with upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25 .
- a gap 55 is formed between lower band 40 and upper band 45 , with gap 55 including the region over the malleoli.
- an opening 60 is formed distal (i.e., inferior) to connecting portion 50 in the region of the heel of the patient.
- soft butterfly wrap 25 does not cover the heel of the patient or otherwise engage the heel of the patient. This is to allow the surgical staff to visualize or measure the spacing of the heel of the patient from binding 35 (see below).
- lower band 40 is formed by two straps 65 , 70 which are adjustably connectable to one another (e.g., via hook-and-loop fasteners) so as to form the complete lower band 40
- upper band 45 is formed by two straps 75 , 80 which are adjustably connectable to one another (e.g., via hook-and-loop fasteners) so as to form the complete upper band 45 .
- lower band 40 and upper band 45 may comprise a sleeve which encircles the foot (lower band 40 ) or leg (upper band 45 ) for disposition about the anatomy of the patient, wherein the sleeve comprises an elastic material so as to allow the sleeve to closely conform to the anatomy of the patient.
- the interior surfaces of soft butterfly wrap 25 may at least partially comprise a high friction material (e.g., silicone rubber).
- a high friction material e.g., silicone rubber.
- the inclusion of this high friction material increases the gripping action between soft butterfly wrap 25 and the foot and lower leg of the patient.
- FIGS. 9 A- 9 D show another soft butterfly wrap 25 also formed in accordance with the present invention.
- Soft liner 30 ( FIGS. 2 - 4 , 10 - 12 , 12 A, 12 B, 13 and 13 A ) is intended to be draped over the foot and calf of the patient (and over soft butterfly wrap 25 ) so as to provide protective and hygienic coverage for the distal end of the patient’s leg.
- Soft liner 30 preferably comprises an opening 82 (see FIG. 13 ) in the region of the heel of the patient so that soft liner 30 does not cover the heel of the patient or otherwise engage the heel of the patient. This is to allow the surgical staff to visually examine the position of the patient’s heel within binding 35 , particularly during leg distraction, and particularly for the purpose of checking for undesired heel lift during leg distraction (or other leg positioning).
- soft liner 30 does not cover the toes of the patient (see, for example, FIG. 12 ). This is so that the surgical staff can examine the toes of the patient during the surgical procedure (e.g., so as to ensure that the toes of the patient have adequate blood circulation).
- soft liner 30 is formed by four segments 85 , 90 , 95 , 100 , with segments 85 , 90 being adjustably connectable to one another (e.g., via hook-and-loop fasteners) so as to cover a portion of the foot of the patient (and so as to cover lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 ), and with segments 95 , 100 being adjustably connectable to one another (e.g., via hook-and-loop fasteners) so as to cover a portion of the leg of the patient (and so as to cover upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25 ).
- segments 85 , 90 being adjustably connectable to one another (e.g., via hook-and-loop fasteners) so as to cover a portion of the foot of the patient (and so as to cover lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 )
- segments 95 , 100 being adjustably connectable to one another (e.g., via hook-and-loop fasteners) so as to cover a portion of the leg of the patient (and so as to cover
- soft liner 30 may comprise two panels 101 , 102 , where panel 101 comprises the aforementioned segments 85 and 90 , and where panel 102 comprises the aforementioned segments 95 and 100 , with panels 101 , 102 being sewn together at sew tabs 103 .
- soft liner 30 may comprise a sleeve for disposition around the anatomy of the patient, wherein the sleeve comprises an elastic material so as to allow the sleeve to closely conform to the anatomy of the patient.
- the interior surfaces of soft liner 30 may at least partially comprise a high friction material (e.g., silicone rubber).
- a high friction material e.g., silicone rubber.
- the inclusion of this high friction material increases the gripping action between soft liner 30 and soft butterfly wrap 25 , and increases the gripping action between soft liner 30 and the foot and lower leg of the patient.
- the exterior surfaces of soft liner 30 may at least partially comprise a high friction material (e.g., silicone rubber). The inclusion of this high friction material increases the gripping action between soft liner 30 and binding 35 .
- a high friction material e.g., silicone rubber
- soft butterfly wrap 25 and soft liner 30 may be formed as two separate components, and they may be applied to the patient in two distinct steps, i.e., first soft butterfly wrap 25 is applied to the patient, and then soft liner 30 is applied to the patient (and over soft butterfly wrap 25 ). More preferably, however, and looking now at FIG. 13 A , soft butterfly wrap 25 and soft liner 30 are provided as a singular construction (e.g., soft butterfly wrap 25 is secured to soft liner 30 at the time of manufacture). This singular construction may be effected by simply attaching soft butterfly wrap 25 to soft liner 30 , or by incorporating the features of both components (i.e., soft butterfly wrap 25 and soft liner 30 ) in a single modified construction.
- Binding 35 ( FIGS. 2 - 4 , 10 and 14 - 34 ) is intended to be positioned over soft butterfly wrap 25 and soft liner 30 after soft butterfly wrap 25 and soft liner 30 have been positioned on the foot and lower leg of the patient, and then binding 35 is intended to be secured to the foot and lower leg of the patient, such that binding 35 can thereafter be used to secure the leg of the patient to distraction frame 15 .
- Binding 35 generally comprises a long, narrow spine 105 , a plantar shell 115 , a calf shell 120 , an anterior shell 125 and three cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B and 130 C.
- Long, narrow spine 105 extends from approximately the arch of the foot of the patient to the calf of the patient, and includes a mount 135 ( FIG. 2 ) for mounting long, narrow spine 105 to distraction frame 15 .
- long, narrow spine 105 comprises a plantar portion 140 , a curved portion 145 and a calf portion 150 .
- Plantar portion 140 is preferably set at an angle of approximately 100 degrees relative to calf portion 150 so as to place the calcaneus bone in a more pronounced position when the foot and lower leg of the patient are gripped by anatomical gripping system 5 , whereby to provide improved gripping of the anatomy of the patient, and so as to provide increased comfort for the patient.
- Curved portion 145 curves away from the heel of the patient (see FIGS. 2 and 3 ) so as to allow the surgical staff to visualize or measure the spacing of the heel of the patient from long, narrow spine 105 .
- Plantar shell 115 ( FIGS. 2 - 4 , 10 , 14 - 21 , 23 and 24 ) is attached to plantar portion 140 of long, narrow spine 105 . More particularly, plantar shell 115 comprises a base 153 which terminates short of the toes of the patient and which terminates short of the heel of the patient ( FIGS. 2 , 3 and 21 ). Plantar shell 115 further comprises flanges 155 and 156 ( FIG. 15 ) which are separated by openings or cutouts 157 . Flanges 155 and 156 serve to prevent the foot of the patient from rolling or pivoting relative to plantar shell 115 (and hence from rolling or pivoting relative to binding 35 ).
- Base 153 of plantar shell 115 preferably also comprises an outward relief 158 for reducing the pressure of the distal lower edge of base 153 of plantar shell 115 against the bottom of the foot of the patient (i.e., so that there is not a sharp edge that may cause iatrogenic damage to the foot of the patient).
- plantar shell 115 is formed out of a flexible plastic material (e.g., Nylon) which is sufficiently ductile to enable the plantar shell to conform to the anatomy of a patient while still being sufficiently firm to provide support to the anatomy of a patient.
- a flexible plastic material e.g., Nylon
- Plantar shell 115 also comprises plantar cable mounts 160 .
- Plantar cable mounts 160 are preferably formed on the aforementioned flanges 156 .
- Plantar cable mounts 160 are intended to be aligned with lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 , and to receive portions of cable assembly 130 A, so that a gripping force can be applied about lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 when cable assembly 130 A is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed.
- plantar cable mounts 160 may comprise “quick release” cable mounts of the sort adapted to receive and support portions of cable assembly 130 A, as will hereinafter be discussed.
- Calf shell 120 ( FIGS. 2 , 3 , 10 and 14 - 24 ) is attached to calf portion 150 of long, narrow spine 105 . More particularly, calf shell 120 comprises a top portion 165 and a bottom portion 170 . Significantly, and as will hereinafter be discussed in further detail, bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 can flex relative to the remainder of calf shell 120 and terminates short of the heel of the patient.
- Top portion 165 of calf shell 120 comprises flanges 175 ( FIG. 19 ) which serve to prevent the anatomy of a patient from rolling or pivoting relative to calf shell 120 (and hence from rolling or pivoting relative to binding 35 ).
- Bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 projects toward the Achilles tendon of the patient, but stops short of the heel of the patient, as will hereinafter be discussed.
- Bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 comprises flanges 180 which serve to prevent the anatomy of a patient from rolling or pivoting relative to calf shell 120 (and hence from rolling or pivoting relative to binding 35 ).
- bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 further comprises a collar 185 set at the bottom end of bottom portion 170 .
- collar 185 also covers a portion of flanges 180 .
- Collar 185 closely engages the anatomy of the patient in the region of the Achilles tendon. See FIGS. 17 - 19 . More particularly, collar 185 is secured to bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 and “nestles” around the anatomy of the patient just above the calcaneus, covering the Achilles tendon of the patient, whereby to closely engage the anatomy of the patient.
- collar 185 comprises a rubber member which covers and supports the anatomy of the patient, but is soft and compliant for comfort.
- flanges 175 and flanges 180 are separated from one another by openings or cutouts 187 .
- Openings 187 between flanges 175 and flanges 180 enable flanges 175 to flex when tension is applied to flanges 175 by cable assembly 130 C (see below) so that flanges 175 closely conform to the calf of the patient, thereby improving the grip of binding 35 on the leg of the patient; and openings 187 between flanges 175 and flanges 180 enable flanges 180 to flex when tension is applied to flanges 180 by cable assembly 130 B (see below) so that flanges 180 closely conform to the region of the patient just proximal (i.e., superior) to the calcaneus, thereby improving the grip of binding 35 on the leg of the patient.
- calf shell 120 is formed out of a flexible plastic material (e.g., Nylon) which is sufficiently ductile to enable the calf shell to conform to the anatomy of a patient while still being sufficiently firm to provide support to the anatomy of a patient.
- a flexible plastic material e.g., Nylon
- Bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 comprises lower calf cable mounts 190
- top portion 165 of calf shell 120 comprises upper calf cable mounts 195
- Top portion 165 of calf shell 120 is secured to calf portion 150 of long, narrow spine 105
- bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 is free to flex in the region of lower cable mounts 190 , i.e., bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 is not secured to long, narrow spine 105 , in order to allow bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 to “float” in a cantilever fashion.
- tension is applied to flanges 180 by cable assembly 130 B (see below)
- bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 is flexed toward the anatomy of the patient, thereby improving the grip of binding 35 on the leg of the patient.
- Lower cable mounts 190 are intended to be aligned with upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25 , and to receive portions of cable assembly 130 B, so that a gripping force can be applied about upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25 when cable assembly 130 B is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed. Note that inasmuch as bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 is not secured to long, narrow spine 105 in order to allow bottom portion 170 to “float” in a cantilever fashion, bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 is free to flex anteriorly when tension is applied to cable assembly 130 B, whereby to enhance the engagement of collar 185 with the anatomy of the patient.
- Upper calf cable mounts 195 are intended to be aligned with the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient, and to receive portions of cable assembly 130 C, so that a gripping force can be applied about the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient when cable assembly 130 C is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed.
- lower calf cable mounts 190 comprise “quick release” cable mounts of the sort adapted to receive and support portions of cable assembly 130 B, as will hereinafter be discussed
- upper calf cable mounts 195 comprise “quick release” cable mounts of the sort adapted to receive and support portions of cable assembly 130 C, as will hereinafter be discussed.
- Plantar shell 115 and calf shell 120 are spaced apart from one another in the region of the heel of the patient.
- curved portion 145 of long, narrow spine 105 is spaced away from the heel of the patient.
- binding 35 is open in the region of the heel of the patient, and does not cover the heel of the patient or otherwise engage the heel of the patient. This construction allows the surgical staff to visualize or measure the spacing of the heel of the patient from long, narrow spine 105 .
- Anterior shell 125 ( FIGS. 2 - 4 , 10 , 14 - 16 , 20 , 21 , 23 and 24 ) is connected to plantar shell 115 by cable assembly 130 A, and anterior shell 125 is connected to calf shell 120 by cable assembly 130 B and cable assembly 130 C.
- Tensioning of cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B and 130 C causes anterior shell 125 of binding 35 to move towards plantar shell 115 and calf shell 120
- tensioning of cable assembly 130 B causes bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 to flex anteriorly towards the Achilles tendon of the patient, so that binding 35 securely grips the anatomy of the patient.
- anterior shell 125 comprises a first section 200 , a second section 205 and a third section 210 .
- First section 200 is connected to second section 205 by a pair of webs 215
- second section 205 is connected to third section 210 by a pair of webs 220 .
- first section 200 of anterior shell 125 comprises flanges 235 and cable guides 240 .
- First section 200 , flanges 235 and cable guides 240 are intended to be aligned with lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 , and to receive portions of cable assembly 130 A, so that a gripping force can be applied about lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 when cable assembly 130 A is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed.
- Second section 205 of anterior shell 125 comprises flanges 245 and cable guides 250 .
- Second section 205 , flanges 245 and cable guides 250 are intended to be aligned with upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25 , and to receive portions of cable assembly 130 B, so that a gripping force can be applied about upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25 when cable assembly 130 B is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed.
- Third section 210 of anterior shell 125 comprises flanges 255 and cable guides 260 .
- Third section 210 , flanges 255 and cable guides 260 are intended to be aligned with the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient, and to receive portions of cable assembly 130 C, so that a gripping force can be applied about the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient when cable assembly 130 C is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed.
- Openings or cutouts 300 are provided between flanges 235 and 245 , and openings or cutouts 305 are provided between flanges 245 and 255 , and an opening or cutout 310 is provided between first section 200 and second section 205 , and an opening or cutout 315 is provided between second section 205 and third section 210 , in order to provide flexibility to anterior shell 125 which enables anterior shell 125 to conform to the foot and lower leg of the patient as cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B and 130 C are tightened.
- a flange 267 extending distally from first section 200 of anterior shell 125 ( FIG. 4 ), distributes load onto the dorsal portion of the foot to prevent pressure points.
- An opening or cutout 320 provides flexibility to flange 267 so that excess pressure is not applied to the dorsal portion of the foot.
- anterior shell 125 is formed out of a flexible plastic material (e.g., Nylon) which is sufficiently ductile to enable the anterior shell to conform to the anatomy of a patient while still being sufficiently firm to provide support to the anatomy of a patient.
- a flexible plastic material e.g., Nylon
- anterior shell 125 may comprise a rubber cushion 325 on the inside surface of first section 200 of anterior shell 125 , and a rubber cushion 330 on the inside surface of second section 205 of anterior shell 125 , and a rubber cushion 335 on the inside surface of third section 210 of anterior shell 120 .
- Rubber cushions 325 , 330 , 335 may comprise a rubber (or foam rubber) material of a durometer which is softer than anterior shell 125 but firmer than soft liner 30 .
- soft liner 30 rubber cushions 325 , 330 , 335 and anterior shell 125 have increasing durometers, which assists in distributing loads from anterior shell 125 onto the foot of the patient, thereby reducing high pressure locations on the foot.
- Cable assembly 130 A connects anterior shell 125 to plantar shell 115
- cable assemblies 130 B and 130 C connect anterior shell 125 to calf shell 120 .
- Tensioning of cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B and 130 C causes anterior shell 125 of binding 35 to move towards plantar shell 115 and calf shell 120 ( FIG. 10 )
- tensioning of cable assembly 130 B causes bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 to flex anteriorly towards the Achilles tendon of the patient ( FIG. 10 ), so that binding 35 securely grips the anatomy of the patient.
- Cable assembly 130 A comprises a cable 270 A, a rotary tightening mechanism 275 A disposed intermediate cable 270 A for tensioning cable 270 A, and a pair of pull tabs 280 A disposed at opposing ends of cable 270 A.
- cable guards 285 A may be mounted to first section 200 of anterior shell 125 to guide cable 270 A as it passes along first section 200 of anterior shell 125 .
- Rotary tightening mechanism 275 A is mounted to first section 200 of anterior shell 125 , cable 270 A is passed through cable guides 240 (and cable guards 285 A if they are provided), and pull tabs 280 A are used to facilitate mounting and dismounting of cable 270 A to plantar cable mounts 160 .
- cable 270 A when cable 270 A is mounted on plantar cable mounts 160 and rotary tightening mechanism 275 A is thereafter turned, cable 270 A can be shortened (i.e., tightened) so as to cause binding 35 to apply a gripping force about lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 , i.e., around the mid-foot and forefoot of the patient, thereby providing substantial gripping of the patient’s anatomy ( FIG. 10 ).
- Cable assembly 130 B comprises a cable 270 B, a rotary tightening mechanism 275 B disposed intermediate cable 270 B for tensioning cable 270 B, and a pair of pull tabs 280 B disposed at opposing ends of cable 270 B.
- cable guards 285 B may be mounted to second section 205 of anterior shell 125 to guide cable 270 B as it passes along second section 205 of anterior shell 125 .
- Rotary tightening mechanism 275 B is mounted to second section 205 of anterior shell 125 , cable 270 B is passed through cable guides 250 (and cable guards 285 B if they are provided), and pull tabs 280 B are used to facilitate mounting and dismounting of cable 270 B to lower calf cable mounts 190 .
- cable 270 B when cable 270 B is mounted on lower calf cable mounts 190 and rotary tightening mechanism 275 B is thereafter turned, cable 270 B can be shortened (i.e., tightened) so as to cause binding 35 to apply a gripping force about upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25 , i.e., superior (i.e., proximal) to the malleoli bones, thereby providing substantial gripping of the patient’s anatomy ( FIG. 10 ).
- Cable assembly 130 C comprises a cable 270 C, a rotary tightening mechanism 275 C disposed intermediate cable 270 C for tensioning cable 270 C, and a pair of pull tabs 280 C disposed at opposing ends of cable 270 C.
- cable guards 285 C may be mounted to third section 210 of anterior shell 125 to guide cable 270 C as it passes along third section 210 of anterior shell 125 .
- Rotary tightening mechanism 275 C is mounted to third section 210 of anterior shell 125 , cable 270 C is passed through cable guides 260 (and cable guards 285 C if they are provided), and pull tabs 280 C are used to facilitate mounting and dismounting of cable 270 C to upper calf cable mounts 195 .
- cable 270 C when cable 270 C is mounted on upper calf cable mounts 195 and rotary tightening mechanism 275 C is thereafter turned, cable 270 C can be shortened (i.e., tightened) so as to cause binding 35 to apply a gripping force about the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient, thereby providing substantial gripping of the patient’s anatomy ( FIG. 10 ).
- Rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C are provided for selectively tensioning cables 270 A, 270 B and 270 C, respectively. If desired, rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C may comprise a “quick release” button. In one preferred form of the invention, rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C comprise rotary tightening mechanisms of the sort provided by Boa Technology, Inc. of Colorado, USA. Boa rotary tightening mechanisms are generally preferred inasmuch as the Boa rotary tightening mechanisms provide symmetrical tightening which is applied equally to both sides of binding 35 when the rotary tightening mechanisms are tightened.
- Rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C may comprise Boa’s “high power” model which has a higher gear ratio for increased tensioning of the cables.
- rotary tightening mechanism 275 C may comprise a “low power” Boa model and rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A and 275 B may comprise a “high power” Boa model.
- cables 270 A, 270 B and 270 C pass through cable guards 285 A, 285 B and 285 C, respectively, which themselves pass through cable guides 240 , 250 and 260 , respectively, in anterior shell 125 .
- cable guards 285 A, 285 B and 285 C may be omitted; in such case, cables 270 A, 270 B and 270 C may be passed directly through cable guides 240 , 250 and 260 , respectively, in anterior shell 125 .
- cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B and 130 C function as follows:
- the combination of the three aforementioned gripping actions provides for unique gripping of the anatomy of the patient.
- cable assembly 130 B causes binding 35 to clamp the anatomy just proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli ( FIG. 10 ). More particularly, when rotary tightening mechanism 275 B is turned and cable 270 B is tightened, anterior shell 125 and calf shell 120 tighten down on the anatomy just proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli, which together present a large, protruding diameter of hard bony anatomy.
- binding 35 is open in the region of the heel of the patient and does not cover the heel of the patient or otherwise engage the heel of the patient.
- anatomical gripping system 5 there is space for the more pronounced calcaneus bone to move posteriorly without engaging long, narrow spine 105 .
- rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C helps to accommodate a variety of foot sizes. More particularly, because binding 35 tightens around the patient anatomy based on the tensioning of cables 270 A, 270 B and 270 C, patient feet of various sizes can be accommodated.
- the construction of the present invention also allows for the amount of tension applied to each rotary tightening mechanism 275 A, 275 B and 275 C to be adjusted as needed for each patient in order to provide a secure and comfortable fit around the foot and lower leg of a patient.
- anatomical gripping system 5 is designed to securely grip the essential anatomy of the patient without requiring the adjacent non-essential anatomy to be tightly squeezed, thus reducing the pressure that the remaining surfaces of the foot receive. Gripping the foot using the prominent bones of the foot (i.e., the calcaneus and malleoli bones) ensures a secure grip of the foot while minimizing trauma to the foot anatomy. Among other things, by engaging the anatomy proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli and the calcaneus, subsequent pulling of the leg distally (e.g., for leg distraction) applies the pulling force along the axis of the leg, whereby to produce less trauma on the anatomy.
- the prominent bones of the foot i.e., the calcaneus and malleoli bones
- binding 35 covers or engages the heel of the patient, a superior grip is achieved on the patient’s anatomy, and problematic “heel slippage” is avoided.
- a key aspect of the present invention is the ability to conform plantar shell 115 , calf shell 120 and anterior shell 125 to the shape of the patient’s foot and lower leg. This is achieved by, among other things, (i) forming plantar shell 115 with flanges 155 and 156 , with the flanges being separated by openings 157 , (ii) forming calf shell 120 with flanges 175 and 180 , with flanges 175 and 180 being separated by openings 187 , and with bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 cantilevered away from long, narrow spine 105 , and (iii) forming anterior shell 125 with flanges 235 , 245 and 255 , with the flanges being separated by openings 300 and 305 , respectively, and with openings 310 , 315 and 320 being formed in anterior shell 125 , whereby to provide significant flexibility for shells 115 , 120 and 125 , which both improves gripping
- a single size binding 35 is able to adequately grip the legs of patients of substantially all sizes.
- soft liner 30 and/or soft butterfly wrap 25 can be provided in two or more sizes (e.g., small, medium and large).
- soft liner 30 and/or soft butterfly wrap 25 may be supplemented with additional material, e.g., non-compressible or compressible foam, so as to provide the patient with the same “effective” foot size as a patient with a larger foot, allowing for a single size of binding 35 to be used.
- this additional material is added to the bottom and/or back of soft liner 30 and/or soft butterfly wrap 25 .
- this additional material is added to the top and/or front of soft liner 30 and/or soft butterfly wrap 25 .
- plantar shell 115 and calf shell 120 of binding 35 may comprise rigid foam portions 290 disposed on the interior surfaces of plantar shell 115 and calf shell 120 .
- rigid foam portions 290 may be provided in a variety of thicknesses to accommodate different size feet and legs.
- rigid foam portions 290 may be custom-formed to each patient’s foot and leg prior to the surgical procedure.
- providing plantar shell 115 and/or calf shell 120 with rigid foam portions 290 enables the foot and lower leg of the patient to be received in binding 35 to optimize gripping of the foot and lower leg of the patient in the binding.
- plantar shell 115 may comprise different thickness rigid foam portions 290 so as to compensate for different size feet, such that the calcaneus bone of the patient is consistently positioned within binding 35 .
- a smaller foot may require a thicker rigid foam portion 290 on plantar shell 115
- a larger foot may require a thinner rigid foam portion 290 on plantar shell 115 .
- a second size of binding 35 may be used to accommodate a smaller or larger foot size.
- soft liner 30 and/or soft butterfly wrap 25 may be provided in a single size.
- soft liner 30 and/or soft butterfly wrap 25 may be provided in a second size; in this embodiment, soft liner 30 and/or soft butterfly wrap 25 may comprise padding as described above (e.g., on the top and/or front, or on the back and/or bottom, of soft liner 30 and/or soft butterfly wrap 25 ).
- These scaled bindings are scaled with respect to the key anatomical features and the areas of load transfer established with the soft butterfly wrap 25 and soft liner 30 . Scaling will not be proportional over the entire device, but will scale according to the key measures of the foot and leg anatomy (e.g., ankle diameter, malleoli heights, etc.).
- soft butterfly wrap 25 and soft liner 30 are positioned about the foot and lower leg of the patient so that lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 sits around the forefoot and midfoot of the patient, and upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25 sits above (i.e., “proximal to” or “superior to”) the malleoli of the patient, and soft liner 30 is positioned about the foot and lower leg of the patient so as to cover a portion of the foot and lower leg of the patient.
- soft butterfly wrap 25 and soft liner 30 are formed as separate components, first soft butterfly wrap 25 is applied to the foot and lower leg of the patient, and then soft liner 30 is applied to the foot and lower leg of the patient (and over soft butterfly wrap 25 ).
- binding 35 is mounted to distraction frame 15 using mount 135 on the bottom of binding 35 (i.e., using mount 135 on plantar portion 140 of long, narrow spine 105 ).
- the leg of the patient is inserted into binding 35 so that the foot of the patient seats in plantar shell 115 and the calf of the patient seats in calf shell 120 .
- anterior shell 125 is brought over the anterior portion of the foot and lower leg of the patient, and over the sides of plantar shell 115 and calf shell 120 .
- Pull tabs 280 A, 280 B and 280 C are then used to place cables 270 A, 270 B and 270 C over plantar cable mounts 140 , lower calf cable mounts 190 and upper calf cable mounts 195 , respectively.
- rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C are tightened so as to cause binding 35 to grip the anatomy of the patient in the region of (i) lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25 , (ii) upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25 , and (iii) the lower to mid-calf of the patient.
- rotary tightening mechanism 275 B is used to tighten cable 270 B, anterior shell 125 moves posteriorly, and bottom portion 170 of calf shell 120 flexes anteriorly, whereby to provide a secure grip on the anatomy of the patient.
- distraction frame 15 is used to distract the hip joint of the patient by applying a distal force to mount 135 of binding 35 (and hence applying a distal force to the distal end of the leg of the patient).
- tension can be released from binding 35 by any member of the surgical staff who is in the sterile field. This can be done without compromising sterility. More particularly, and looking now at FIGS. 29 - 31 , a member of the surgical staffs grips rotary tightening mechanism 275 A, 275 B and/or 275 C through a sterile drape 295 and pulls it upward to release the rotary tightening mechanism. In other words, the member of the surgical staff depresses the sterile drape over the sides of the rotary tightening mechanism(s), grips the side(s) of the rotary tightening mechanism(s) and pulls the rotary tightening mechanism(s) upward until it/they is/are released.
- the foot and lower leg of the patient can be secured to binding 35 before binding 35 is secured to distraction frame 15 , and then binding 35 can be secured to distraction frame 15 - in this case, a stand (not shown) may be provided for holding binding 35 steady while the foot and lower leg of the patient is secured to binding 35 .
- the foot and lower leg of the patient are secured to binding 35 pre-operatively while the patient is still conscious and can provide feedback on the tightness of binding 35 (e.g., so as to ensure that binding 35 is tight but not too tight).
- the patient may be conscious and provide feedback to the surgical staff on the comfort level of binding 35 as binding 35 is secured to their foot and lower leg.
- long, narrow spine 105 of binding 35 may have a modified configuration to facilitate a patient walking while binding 35 is on their foot, e.g., long, narrow spine 105 may comprise an enlarged heel 400 and a rubber sole 405 .
- soft liner 30 may be incorporated into plantar shell 115 , calf shell 120 and anterior shell 125 of binding 35 .
- soft butterfly wrap 25 is formed as a separate component and is placed on the patient as a first step prior to the patient’s foot being placed into binding 35 (which incorporates soft liner 30 ).
- force gauges 410 are incorporated into binding 35 to measure the active tension being applied to cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B and 130 C by rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C.
- the provision of force gauges 410 is helpful inasmuch as it can provide the user with the ability to know how tight the binding is on the foot and lower leg of the patient.
- force gauges 410 may be constructed like a “fish scale” with a spring being located between two housing members.
- One housing member is connected to the portions of cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B or 130 C leading to rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B or 275 C, and the other housing member is connected to the portions of cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B or 130 C leading to cable mounts 160 , 190 or 195 .
- tension is applied by rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C, the tension in cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B and 130 C will increase.
- An indicator on force gauge 410 provides a visual representation of the distance the two housing members will move away from one another, and hence a visual representation of the amount of tension in cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B and 130 C.
- force gauge 410 may be incorporated into plantar shell 115 and calf shell 120 , e.g., into plantar cable mount 160 and into lower calf cable mount 190 and upper calf cable mount 195 .
- a torque limiter 415 is coupled to, or incorporated into, one or more of rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C.
- torque limiter 415 will “slip” at a pre-determined torque threshold, i.e., torque limiter 415 will limit the maximum possible torque which can be applied by one or more of rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C.
- This torque threshold may be adjustable by the user, or the torque threshold may be a fixed value set at the time of manufacture.
- torque limiter 415 will “slip” (as in a friction plate or slip-clutch), or uncouple the load entirely, thereby preventing additional torque from being applied to rotary tightening mechanisms 275 A, 275 B and 275 C (and thus preventing additional torque from being applied to cable assemblies 130 A, 130 B and 130 C).
Abstract
An anatomical gripping system comprising: a binding comprising: a substantially rigid spine; a calf shell mounted to the substantially rigid spine; an anterior shell; and a clamping mechanism connecting the anterior shell to the calf shell; wherein the calf shell comprises a flexible portion configured to selectively engage the superior portion of the calcaneus bone of a patient; and further wherein when the clamping mechanism applies a force to the flexible portion of the calf shell, the flexible portion of the calf shell is drawn into engagement with the superior portion of the calcaneus bone of the patient.
Description
- This patent application claims benefit of:
- (i) pending prior U.S. Provisional Pat. Application Serial No. 62/455,154, filed Feb. 06, 2017 by Stryker Corp. and William Kaiser et al. for ANATOMICAL GRIPPING SYSTEM (Attorney’s Docket No. FIAN-118 PROV); and
- (ii) pending prior U.S. Provisional Pat. Application Serial No. 62/546,629, filed Aug. 17, 2017 by Stryker Corp. and William Kaiser et al. for ANATOMICAL GRIPPING SYSTEM FOR GRIPPING THE LEG OF A PATIENT WHEN EFFECTING HIP DISTRACTION OR LEG POSITIONING (Attorney’s Docket No. FIAN-124 PROV).
- The two (2) above-identified patent applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
- This invention relates to medical apparatus in general, and more particularly to medical apparatus for gripping the leg and foot of a patient when effecting hip distraction and/or when effecting leg positioning.
- When performing surgical procedures on the hip joint, it is common to distract the hip joint prior to the surgery so as to provide additional room within the joint and so as to better present selected anatomy to the surgeon. This hip distraction is commonly achieved by applying a distraction force to the distal end of the leg of the patient. The distraction force applied to the distal end of the leg of the patient is typically around 50-100 pounds (or more) of force. Currently, a surgical boot is placed on the foot and lower leg of the patient, the surgical boot is connected to a distraction frame, and then the distraction frame is used to apply a distraction force to the boot, whereby to apply a distraction force to the leg of the patient. Securing the leg of the patient to the distraction frame also allows for appropriate positioning of the leg of the patient during various surgical procedures (e.g., such as when placing the leg into abduction).
- Unfortunately, in many cases, the foot and lower leg of the patient (and particularly the heel of the patient) can slip within the surgical boot when the distraction force is applied, thereby reducing the amount of distraction achieved. This is particularly true with patients who have small feet and wide ankles, since this makes it difficult to secure the patient’s anatomy within the surgical boot. Such slippage of the anatomy within the surgical boot can be highly problematic, since the amount of hip distraction achieved is typically fairly small to begin with, and hence any slippage of the anatomy within the surgical boot can further reduce the amount of hip distraction achieved. In addition, when the anatomy of the patient slips within the surgical boot, the points of engagement between the surgical boot and the anatomy shift, such that the anatomy may be out of position within the surgical boot and/or the anatomy may no longer be properly oriented relative to the distraction frame. For this reason, many surgeons personally strap the patient’s foot and lower leg into the surgical boot in an effort to ensure that the foot and lower leg of the patient are secured to the maximum extent possible within the surgical boot. It is also common for surgeons to augment the fit of the surgical boot with extra tape, bandages and/or padding in order to minimize slippage within the surgical boot.
- The present invention provides a new and improved approach for securing the leg of a patient to a distraction frame, wherein the conventional surgical boot is replaced by a novel anatomical gripping system which eliminates the problems associated with conventional surgical boots.
- In one form of the invention, there is provided an anatomical gripping system comprising:
- a binding comprising:
-
- a substantially rigid spine;
- a calf shell mounted to the substantially rigid spine;
- an anterior shell; and
- a clamping mechanism connecting the anterior shell to the calf shell;
- wherein the calf shell comprises a flexible portion configured to selectively engage the superior portion of the calcaneus bone of a patient;
- and further wherein when the clamping mechanism applies a force to the flexible portion of the calf shell, the flexible portion of the calf shell is drawn into engagement with the superior portion of the calcaneus bone of the patient.
- In another form of the invention, there is provided a method for distracting a hip joint, the method comprising:
- providing an anatomical gripping system comprising:
- a binding comprising:
- a substantially rigid spine;
- a calf shell mounted to the substantially rigid spine;
- an anterior shell; and
- a clamping mechanism connecting the anterior shell to the calf shell;
- wherein the calf shell comprises a flexible portion configured to selectively engage the superior portion of the calcaneus bone of a patient;
- and further wherein when the clamping mechanism applies a force to the flexible portion of the calf shell, the flexible portion of the calf shell is drawn into engagement with the superior portion of the calcaneus bone of the patient;
- a binding comprising:
- positioning the patient’s foot and lower leg in the binding;
- using the clamping mechanism to apply a force to the flexible portion of the calf shell so that the flexible portion of the calf shell is drawn into engagement with the superior portion of the calcaneus bone of the patient; and
- applying a distracting force to the substantially rigid spine of the binding.
- In another form of the invention, there is provided an anatomical gripping system comprising:
- a soft wrap for covering at least a portion of a patient’s lower leg superior to the malleoli bones while not covering the bony prominence of the malleoli bones; and
- a binding comprising:
- a substantially rigid spine;
- a calf shell mounted to the substantially rigid spine;
- an anterior shell; and
- a clamping mechanism connecting the anterior shell to the calf shell;
- such that when the clamping mechanism applies a clamping force between the anterior shell and the calf shell, the clamping force is directed onto the soft wrap covering at least a portion of the patient’s lower leg superior to the malleoli bones.
- In another form of the invention, there is provided a method for distracting a hip joint, the method comprising:
- providing an anatomical gripping system comprising:
- a soft wrap for covering at least a portion of a patient’s lower leg above the malleoli bones while not covering the bony prominence of the malleoli bones; and
- a binding comprising:
- a substantially rigid spine;
- a calf shell mounted to the substantially rigid spine;
- an anterior shell; and
- a clamping mechanism connecting the anterior shell to the calf shell;
- such that when the clamping mechanism applies a clamping force between the anterior shell and the calf shell, the clamping force is directed onto the soft wrap covering at least a portion of the patient’s lower leg above the malleoli bones;
- a binding comprising:
- a soft wrap for covering at least a portion of a patient’s lower leg above the malleoli bones while not covering the bony prominence of the malleoli bones; and
- positioning the patient’s foot and lower leg in the binding;
- using the clamping mechanism to apply a clamping force between the anterior shell and the calf shell, such that the clamping force is directed onto the soft wrap covering at least a portion of the patient’s lower leg above the malleoli bones; and
- applying a distracting force to the substantially rigid spine of the binding.
- In another form of the invention, there is provided an anatomical gripping system comprising:
- a binding comprising:
- a substantially rigid spine;
- a calf shell mounted to the substantially rigid spine;
- an anterior shell; and
- at least two clamping mechanisms connecting the anterior shell to the calf shell;
- wherein the at least two clamping mechanisms apply clamping forces between the anterior shell and the calf shell;
- and further wherein the anterior shell comprises reduced width between the at least two clamping mechanisms so as to provide the anterior shell with increased flexibility for conforming to the anatomy of a patient.
- In another form of the invention, there is provided a method for distracting a hip joint, the method comprising:
- providing an anatomical gripping system comprising:
- a binding comprising:
- a substantially rigid spine;
- a calf shell mounted to the substantially rigid spine;
- an anterior shell; and
- at least two clamping mechanisms connecting the anterior shell to the calf shell;
- wherein the at least two clamping mechanisms apply clamping forces between the anterior shell and the calf shell;
- and further wherein the anterior shell comprises reduced width between the at least two clamping mechanisms so as to provide the anterior shell with increased flexibility for conforming to the anatomy of a patient;
- a binding comprising:
- positioning the patient’s foot and lower leg in the binding;
- using the at least two clamping mechanisms to apply a clamping force between the anterior shell and the calf shell, such that the clamping force is directed onto the anatomy of a patient; and
- applying a distracting force to the substantially rigid spine of the binding.
- These and other objects and features of the present invention will be more fully disclosed or rendered obvious by the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, which is to be considered together with the accompanying drawings wherein like numbers refer to like parts, and further wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a surgical table, a distraction frame, and portions of a novel anatomical gripping system formed in accordance with the present invention; -
FIGS. 2-4 are schematic views showing a novel anatomical gripping system formed in accordance with the present invention; -
FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic views showing some of the bones of the foot and lower leg of a human; -
FIGS. 7, 7A, 8 and 9 are schematic views showing further details of the soft butterfly wrap of the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention; -
FIGS. 9A-9D are schematic views showing another soft butterfly wrap of the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention; -
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing how the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention applies forces to the foot and lower leg of a patient; -
FIGS. 11, 12, 12A, 12B and 13 are schematic views showing further details of the soft liner of the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention; -
FIG. 13A is a schematic view showing further details of the soft butterfly wrap and the novel soft liner of the anatomical gripping system of the present invention; and -
FIGS. 14-34 are schematic views showing further details of the binding of the novel anatomical gripping system of the present invention. - The present invention provides a new and improved approach for securing the leg of a patient to a distraction frame, wherein the conventional surgical boot is replaced by a novel anatomical gripping system which eliminates the problems associated with conventional surgical boots.
- More particularly, and looking first at
FIG. 1 , the present invention comprises a novel anatomicalgripping system 5 formed in accordance with the present invention. Anatomicalgripping system 5 is intended to grip the foot and lower leg of a patient lying on a surgical table 10, with anatomicalgripping system 5 being connected to adistraction frame 15, such thatdistraction frame 15 can apply a distraction force to the leg of a patient via anatomicalgripping system 5. - Anatomical
gripping system 5 is shown gripping asimulation leg 20 inFIGS. 2-4 . As will hereinafter be discussed, anatomicalgripping system 5 comprises various components which are designed to optimize the manner in which anatomicalgripping system 5 grips the foot and lower leg of a patient. Significantly, this results in enhanced gripping of the anatomy by anatomicalgripping system 5, and less slippage of the anatomy relative to anatomicalgripping system 5, particularly with respect to slippage of the heel of the patient relative to anatomicalgripping system 5. - More particularly,
FIGS. 5 and 6 show some of the bones of the foot and lower leg of a human. In accordance with the present invention, and as will hereinafter be discussed in further detail, anatomicalgripping system 5 is designed to grip the foot of the patient at the forefoot and at the calcaneus bone, i.e., on the superior (i.e., proximal) surface of the calcaneus bone (FIGS. 5 and 10 ), and to grip the leg of the patient superior at the malleoli, i.e., on the superior (i.e., proximal) surface of the lateral malleolus of the fibula and on the superior (i.e., proximal) surface of the medial malleolus of the tibia (FIGS. 6 and 10 ) (as used herein, the terms “superior to” and “proximal to” are intended to be understood as being in the cephalad direction on a patient, and “inferior to” and “distal to” are intended to be understood as being in the caudal direction on a patient). - Significantly, and as will hereinafter be discussed, anatomical
gripping system 5 is designed to securely grip the essential anatomy of the patient without requiring adjacent non-essential anatomy to be tightly squeezed, thus reducing the pressure that the remaining surfaces of the foot and lower leg receive. Gripping the foot and lower leg of the patient using the prominent bones of the foot and lower leg of the patient (i.e., the calcaneus and malleoli bones) ensures a secure grip of the foot and lower leg of the patient while minimizing trauma to the anatomy of the patient. This approach is in sharp contrast to the approach of conventional surgical boots, which seek to tighten down the surgical boot across the dorsum of the foot and about the ankle of the patient, in a relatively focal zone which contains soft tissue, nerves and blood supply. The use of conventional surgical boots can lead to injury if the surgical boot is excessively tightened, but can also lead to slippage if the surgical boot is not sufficiently tightened. - Additionally, conventional surgical boots generally hold the foot of a patient at a 90 degree angle relative to the lower leg of the patient. While this disposition of the foot relative to the lower leg of the patient may be appropriate for footwear of the sort used for walking, it is not necessarily optimal for gripping the foot and lower leg of the patient for hip distraction purposes. By contrast, and as will hereinafter be discussed, the present invention may be configured to hold the foot of the patient at an angle of approximately 100 degrees relative to the lower leg of the patient. Inclining the foot of the patient at an angle of approximately 100 degrees relative to the lower leg of the patient places the calcaneus bone in a more pronounced position and thus allows for significantly improved gripping of the foot and lower leg of the patient by anatomical
gripping system 5. The aforementioned approximately 100 degree incline between the foot of the patient and the lower leg of the patient may also provide the additional benefit of greater comfort for the patient. Note that, if desired, the angle of incline between the foot and lower leg of the patient may also be greater than approximately 100 degrees in order to allow for more flex of the foot. Note also that, if desired, the angle of incline between the foot and lower leg of the patient may be less than approximately 100 degrees, but preferably is not less than approximately 90 degrees. - In accordance with the present invention, anatomical
gripping system 5 generally comprises three components: - (i) a soft butterfly wrap 25 (
FIGS. 7, 7A and 8-11 ); - (ii) a soft liner 30 (
FIGS. 2-4, 10-12, 12A, 12B, 13 and 13A ); and - (iii) a binding 35 (
FIGS. 2-4, 10 and 14-34 ). - Soft butterfly wrap 25 (
FIGS. 7, 7A and 8-11 ) is intended to be positioned directly against the skin of the patient on both sides of the malleoli.Soft butterfly wrap 25 is preferably formed out of a foam of density and stiffness similar to what may be seen in performance sports footwear like ski boots, snow board boots and skates. The foam serves to “build up” the anatomy of the patient distal (i.e., inferior) to the malleoli and proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli, whereby to facilitate gripping the anatomy of the patient both distal (i.e., inferior) and proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli, and whereby to facilitate distributing the gripping load imposed on the anatomy of the patient. - More particularly,
soft butterfly wrap 25 comprises alower band 40, anupper band 45 and a connectingportion 50.Lower band 40 surrounds the mid-foot and forefoot of the patient.Upper band 45 surrounds the lower leg proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli. Connectingportion 50 connectslower band 40 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25 withupper band 45 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25. Note that agap 55 is formed betweenlower band 40 andupper band 45, withgap 55 including the region over the malleoli. Note also that anopening 60 is formed distal (i.e., inferior) to connectingportion 50 in the region of the heel of the patient. Thus,soft butterfly wrap 25 does not cover the heel of the patient or otherwise engage the heel of the patient. This is to allow the surgical staff to visualize or measure the spacing of the heel of the patient from binding 35 (see below). - In one form of the invention,
lower band 40 is formed by twostraps lower band 40, andupper band 45 is formed by twostraps upper band 45. Alternatively, one or both oflower band 40 andupper band 45 may comprise a sleeve which encircles the foot (lower band 40) or leg (upper band 45) for disposition about the anatomy of the patient, wherein the sleeve comprises an elastic material so as to allow the sleeve to closely conform to the anatomy of the patient. - If desired, the interior surfaces of
soft butterfly wrap 25 may at least partially comprise a high friction material (e.g., silicone rubber). The inclusion of this high friction material increases the gripping action betweensoft butterfly wrap 25 and the foot and lower leg of the patient. -
FIGS. 9A-9D show anothersoft butterfly wrap 25 also formed in accordance with the present invention. - Soft liner 30 (
FIGS. 2-4, 10-12, 12A, 12B, 13 and 13A ) is intended to be draped over the foot and calf of the patient (and over soft butterfly wrap 25) so as to provide protective and hygienic coverage for the distal end of the patient’s leg.Soft liner 30 preferably comprises an opening 82 (seeFIG. 13 ) in the region of the heel of the patient so thatsoft liner 30 does not cover the heel of the patient or otherwise engage the heel of the patient. This is to allow the surgical staff to visually examine the position of the patient’s heel within binding 35, particularly during leg distraction, and particularly for the purpose of checking for undesired heel lift during leg distraction (or other leg positioning). Additionally,soft liner 30 does not cover the toes of the patient (see, for example,FIG. 12 ). This is so that the surgical staff can examine the toes of the patient during the surgical procedure (e.g., so as to ensure that the toes of the patient have adequate blood circulation). - In one form of the invention,
soft liner 30 is formed by foursegments segments lower band 40 of soft butterfly wrap 25), and withsegments upper band 45 of soft butterfly wrap 25). In one form of the invention, and looking now atFIGS. 12A and 12B ,soft liner 30 may comprise twopanels panel 101 comprises theaforementioned segments panel 102 comprises theaforementioned segments panels tabs 103. - Alternatively,
soft liner 30 may comprise a sleeve for disposition around the anatomy of the patient, wherein the sleeve comprises an elastic material so as to allow the sleeve to closely conform to the anatomy of the patient. - If desired, the interior surfaces of
soft liner 30 may at least partially comprise a high friction material (e.g., silicone rubber). The inclusion of this high friction material increases the gripping action betweensoft liner 30 andsoft butterfly wrap 25, and increases the gripping action betweensoft liner 30 and the foot and lower leg of the patient. - In addition, if desired, the exterior surfaces of
soft liner 30 may at least partially comprise a high friction material (e.g., silicone rubber). The inclusion of this high friction material increases the gripping action betweensoft liner 30 and binding 35. - If desired,
soft butterfly wrap 25 andsoft liner 30 may be formed as two separate components, and they may be applied to the patient in two distinct steps, i.e., firstsoft butterfly wrap 25 is applied to the patient, and thensoft liner 30 is applied to the patient (and over soft butterfly wrap 25). More preferably, however, and looking now atFIG. 13A ,soft butterfly wrap 25 andsoft liner 30 are provided as a singular construction (e.g.,soft butterfly wrap 25 is secured tosoft liner 30 at the time of manufacture). This singular construction may be effected by simply attachingsoft butterfly wrap 25 tosoft liner 30, or by incorporating the features of both components (i.e.,soft butterfly wrap 25 and soft liner 30) in a single modified construction. - Binding 35 (
FIGS. 2-4, 10 and 14-34 ) is intended to be positioned oversoft butterfly wrap 25 andsoft liner 30 aftersoft butterfly wrap 25 andsoft liner 30 have been positioned on the foot and lower leg of the patient, and then binding 35 is intended to be secured to the foot and lower leg of the patient, such that binding 35 can thereafter be used to secure the leg of the patient todistraction frame 15. - Binding 35 generally comprises a long,
narrow spine 105, aplantar shell 115, acalf shell 120, ananterior shell 125 and threecable assemblies - Long, narrow spine 105 (
FIGS. 2, 3, 10 and 19-24 ) extends from approximately the arch of the foot of the patient to the calf of the patient, and includes a mount 135 (FIG. 2 ) for mounting long,narrow spine 105 todistraction frame 15. - More particularly, long,
narrow spine 105 comprises aplantar portion 140, acurved portion 145 and acalf portion 150.Plantar portion 140 is preferably set at an angle of approximately 100 degrees relative tocalf portion 150 so as to place the calcaneus bone in a more pronounced position when the foot and lower leg of the patient are gripped by anatomicalgripping system 5, whereby to provide improved gripping of the anatomy of the patient, and so as to provide increased comfort for the patient.Curved portion 145 curves away from the heel of the patient (seeFIGS. 2 and 3 ) so as to allow the surgical staff to visualize or measure the spacing of the heel of the patient from long,narrow spine 105. - Plantar shell 115 (
FIGS. 2-4, 10, 14-21, 23 and 24 ) is attached toplantar portion 140 of long,narrow spine 105. More particularly,plantar shell 115 comprises a base 153 which terminates short of the toes of the patient and which terminates short of the heel of the patient (FIGS. 2, 3 and 21 ).Plantar shell 115 further comprisesflanges 155 and 156 (FIG. 15 ) which are separated by openings orcutouts 157.Flanges Openings 157 betweenflanges flanges 156 to flex when tension is applied toflanges 156 bycable assembly 130A (see below) so thatflanges 156 closely conform to the foot of the patient, thereby improving the grip of binding 35 on the foot of the patient.Base 153 ofplantar shell 115 preferably also comprises anoutward relief 158 for reducing the pressure of the distal lower edge ofbase 153 ofplantar shell 115 against the bottom of the foot of the patient (i.e., so that there is not a sharp edge that may cause iatrogenic damage to the foot of the patient). - In one preferred form of the invention,
plantar shell 115 is formed out of a flexible plastic material (e.g., Nylon) which is sufficiently ductile to enable the plantar shell to conform to the anatomy of a patient while still being sufficiently firm to provide support to the anatomy of a patient. -
Plantar shell 115 also comprises plantar cable mounts 160. Plantar cable mounts 160 are preferably formed on theaforementioned flanges 156. Plantar cable mounts 160 are intended to be aligned withlower band 40 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25, and to receive portions ofcable assembly 130A, so that a gripping force can be applied aboutlower band 40 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25 whencable assembly 130A is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed. In one preferred form of the invention, plantar cable mounts 160 may comprise “quick release” cable mounts of the sort adapted to receive and support portions ofcable assembly 130A, as will hereinafter be discussed. - Calf shell 120 (
FIGS. 2, 3, 10 and 14-24 ) is attached tocalf portion 150 of long,narrow spine 105. More particularly,calf shell 120 comprises atop portion 165 and abottom portion 170. Significantly, and as will hereinafter be discussed in further detail,bottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 can flex relative to the remainder ofcalf shell 120 and terminates short of the heel of the patient. -
Top portion 165 ofcalf shell 120 comprises flanges 175 (FIG. 19 ) which serve to prevent the anatomy of a patient from rolling or pivoting relative to calf shell 120 (and hence from rolling or pivoting relative to binding 35). -
Bottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 projects toward the Achilles tendon of the patient, but stops short of the heel of the patient, as will hereinafter be discussed.Bottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 comprisesflanges 180 which serve to prevent the anatomy of a patient from rolling or pivoting relative to calf shell 120 (and hence from rolling or pivoting relative to binding 35). - In one preferred form of the invention,
bottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 further comprises acollar 185 set at the bottom end ofbottom portion 170. Note thatcollar 185 also covers a portion offlanges 180.Collar 185 closely engages the anatomy of the patient in the region of the Achilles tendon. SeeFIGS. 17-19 . More particularly,collar 185 is secured tobottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 and “nestles” around the anatomy of the patient just above the calcaneus, covering the Achilles tendon of the patient, whereby to closely engage the anatomy of the patient. In one form of the invention,collar 185 comprises a rubber member which covers and supports the anatomy of the patient, but is soft and compliant for comfort. - Note that flanges 175 (at the
top portion 165 of calf shell 120) and flanges 180 (at thebottom portion 170 of calf shell 120) are separated from one another by openings orcutouts 187.Openings 187 betweenflanges 175 andflanges 180 enableflanges 175 to flex when tension is applied toflanges 175 bycable assembly 130C (see below) so thatflanges 175 closely conform to the calf of the patient, thereby improving the grip of binding 35 on the leg of the patient; andopenings 187 betweenflanges 175 andflanges 180 enableflanges 180 to flex when tension is applied toflanges 180 bycable assembly 130B (see below) so thatflanges 180 closely conform to the region of the patient just proximal (i.e., superior) to the calcaneus, thereby improving the grip of binding 35 on the leg of the patient. - In one preferred form of the invention,
calf shell 120 is formed out of a flexible plastic material (e.g., Nylon) which is sufficiently ductile to enable the calf shell to conform to the anatomy of a patient while still being sufficiently firm to provide support to the anatomy of a patient. -
Bottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 comprises lower calf cable mounts 190, andtop portion 165 ofcalf shell 120 comprises upper calf cable mounts 195.Top portion 165 ofcalf shell 120 is secured tocalf portion 150 of long,narrow spine 105, andbottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 is free to flex in the region of lower cable mounts 190, i.e.,bottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 is not secured to long,narrow spine 105, in order to allowbottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 to “float” in a cantilever fashion. Significantly, when tension is applied toflanges 180 bycable assembly 130B (see below),bottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 is flexed toward the anatomy of the patient, thereby improving the grip of binding 35 on the leg of the patient. - Lower cable mounts 190 are intended to be aligned with
upper band 45 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25, and to receive portions ofcable assembly 130B, so that a gripping force can be applied aboutupper band 45 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25 whencable assembly 130B is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed. Note that inasmuch asbottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 is not secured to long,narrow spine 105 in order to allowbottom portion 170 to “float” in a cantilever fashion,bottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 is free to flex anteriorly when tension is applied tocable assembly 130B, whereby to enhance the engagement ofcollar 185 with the anatomy of the patient. - Upper calf cable mounts 195 are intended to be aligned with the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient, and to receive portions of
cable assembly 130C, so that a gripping force can be applied about the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient whencable assembly 130C is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed. - In one preferred form of the invention, lower calf cable mounts 190 comprise “quick release” cable mounts of the sort adapted to receive and support portions of
cable assembly 130B, as will hereinafter be discussed, and upper calf cable mounts 195 comprise “quick release” cable mounts of the sort adapted to receive and support portions ofcable assembly 130C, as will hereinafter be discussed. -
Plantar shell 115 andcalf shell 120 are spaced apart from one another in the region of the heel of the patient. In addition,curved portion 145 of long,narrow spine 105 is spaced away from the heel of the patient. Thus, binding 35 is open in the region of the heel of the patient, and does not cover the heel of the patient or otherwise engage the heel of the patient. This construction allows the surgical staff to visualize or measure the spacing of the heel of the patient from long,narrow spine 105. - Anterior shell 125 (
FIGS. 2-4, 10, 14-16, 20, 21, 23 and 24 ) is connected toplantar shell 115 bycable assembly 130A, andanterior shell 125 is connected tocalf shell 120 bycable assembly 130B andcable assembly 130C. Tensioning ofcable assemblies anterior shell 125 of binding 35 to move towardsplantar shell 115 andcalf shell 120, and tensioning ofcable assembly 130B causesbottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 to flex anteriorly towards the Achilles tendon of the patient, so that binding 35 securely grips the anatomy of the patient. - In one preferred form of the invention,
anterior shell 125 comprises afirst section 200, asecond section 205 and athird section 210.First section 200 is connected tosecond section 205 by a pair ofwebs 215, andsecond section 205 is connected tothird section 210 by a pair ofwebs 220. - Referring to
FIG. 4 ,first section 200 ofanterior shell 125 comprisesflanges 235 and cable guides 240.First section 200,flanges 235 and cable guides 240 are intended to be aligned withlower band 40 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25, and to receive portions ofcable assembly 130A, so that a gripping force can be applied aboutlower band 40 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25 whencable assembly 130A is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed. -
Second section 205 ofanterior shell 125 comprisesflanges 245 and cable guides 250.Second section 205,flanges 245 and cable guides 250 are intended to be aligned withupper band 45 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25, and to receive portions ofcable assembly 130B, so that a gripping force can be applied aboutupper band 45 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25 whencable assembly 130B is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed. -
Third section 210 ofanterior shell 125 comprisesflanges 255 and cable guides 260.Third section 210,flanges 255 and cable guides 260 are intended to be aligned with the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient, and to receive portions ofcable assembly 130C, so that a gripping force can be applied about the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient whencable assembly 130C is tightened, as will hereinafter be discussed. - Openings or cutouts 300 (
FIG. 4 ) are provided betweenflanges cutouts 305 are provided betweenflanges cutout 310 is provided betweenfirst section 200 andsecond section 205, and an opening orcutout 315 is provided betweensecond section 205 andthird section 210, in order to provide flexibility toanterior shell 125 which enablesanterior shell 125 to conform to the foot and lower leg of the patient ascable assemblies flange 267, extending distally fromfirst section 200 of anterior shell 125 (FIG. 4 ), distributes load onto the dorsal portion of the foot to prevent pressure points. An opening orcutout 320 provides flexibility to flange 267 so that excess pressure is not applied to the dorsal portion of the foot. - In one preferred form of the invention,
anterior shell 125 is formed out of a flexible plastic material (e.g., Nylon) which is sufficiently ductile to enable the anterior shell to conform to the anatomy of a patient while still being sufficiently firm to provide support to the anatomy of a patient. - If desired, and looking now at
FIG. 24 ,anterior shell 125 may comprise arubber cushion 325 on the inside surface offirst section 200 ofanterior shell 125, and arubber cushion 330 on the inside surface ofsecond section 205 ofanterior shell 125, and arubber cushion 335 on the inside surface ofthird section 210 ofanterior shell 120. Rubber cushions 325, 330, 335 may comprise a rubber (or foam rubber) material of a durometer which is softer thananterior shell 125 but firmer thansoft liner 30. Thus, in this construction,soft liner 30, rubber cushions 325, 330, 335 andanterior shell 125 have increasing durometers, which assists in distributing loads fromanterior shell 125 onto the foot of the patient, thereby reducing high pressure locations on the foot. -
Cable assembly 130A connectsanterior shell 125 toplantar shell 115, andcable assemblies anterior shell 125 tocalf shell 120. Tensioning ofcable assemblies anterior shell 125 of binding 35 to move towardsplantar shell 115 and calf shell 120 (FIG. 10 ), and tensioning ofcable assembly 130B causesbottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 to flex anteriorly towards the Achilles tendon of the patient (FIG. 10 ), so that binding 35 securely grips the anatomy of the patient. -
Cable assembly 130A comprises acable 270A, arotary tightening mechanism 275A disposedintermediate cable 270A for tensioningcable 270A, and a pair ofpull tabs 280A disposed at opposing ends ofcable 270A. If desired,cable guards 285A may be mounted tofirst section 200 ofanterior shell 125 to guidecable 270A as it passes alongfirst section 200 ofanterior shell 125.Rotary tightening mechanism 275A is mounted tofirst section 200 ofanterior shell 125,cable 270A is passed through cable guides 240 (andcable guards 285A if they are provided), and pulltabs 280A are used to facilitate mounting and dismounting ofcable 270A to plantar cable mounts 160. - On account of the foregoing construction, when
cable 270A is mounted on plantar cable mounts 160 androtary tightening mechanism 275A is thereafter turned,cable 270A can be shortened (i.e., tightened) so as to cause binding 35 to apply a gripping force aboutlower band 40 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25, i.e., around the mid-foot and forefoot of the patient, thereby providing substantial gripping of the patient’s anatomy (FIG. 10 ). -
Cable assembly 130B comprises acable 270B, arotary tightening mechanism 275B disposedintermediate cable 270B for tensioningcable 270B, and a pair ofpull tabs 280B disposed at opposing ends ofcable 270B. If desired,cable guards 285B may be mounted tosecond section 205 ofanterior shell 125 to guidecable 270B as it passes alongsecond section 205 ofanterior shell 125.Rotary tightening mechanism 275B is mounted tosecond section 205 ofanterior shell 125,cable 270B is passed through cable guides 250 (andcable guards 285B if they are provided), and pulltabs 280B are used to facilitate mounting and dismounting ofcable 270B to lower calf cable mounts 190. - On account of the foregoing construction, when
cable 270B is mounted on lower calf cable mounts 190 androtary tightening mechanism 275B is thereafter turned,cable 270B can be shortened (i.e., tightened) so as to cause binding 35 to apply a gripping force aboutupper band 45 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25, i.e., superior (i.e., proximal) to the malleoli bones, thereby providing substantial gripping of the patient’s anatomy (FIG. 10 ). -
Cable assembly 130C comprises acable 270C, arotary tightening mechanism 275C disposedintermediate cable 270C for tensioningcable 270C, and a pair ofpull tabs 280C disposed at opposing ends ofcable 270C. If desired,cable guards 285C may be mounted tothird section 210 ofanterior shell 125 to guidecable 270C as it passes alongthird section 210 ofanterior shell 125.Rotary tightening mechanism 275C is mounted tothird section 210 ofanterior shell 125,cable 270C is passed through cable guides 260 (andcable guards 285C if they are provided), and pulltabs 280C are used to facilitate mounting and dismounting ofcable 270C to upper calf cable mounts 195. - On account of the foregoing construction, when
cable 270C is mounted on upper calf cable mounts 195 androtary tightening mechanism 275C is thereafter turned,cable 270C can be shortened (i.e., tightened) so as to cause binding 35 to apply a gripping force about the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient, thereby providing substantial gripping of the patient’s anatomy (FIG. 10 ). -
Rotary tightening mechanisms cables rotary tightening mechanisms rotary tightening mechanisms Rotary tightening mechanisms rotary tightening mechanism 275C may comprise a “low power” Boa model androtary tightening mechanisms - In one preferred form of the invention,
cables cable guards anterior shell 125. However, it should be appreciated that, if desired,cable guards cables anterior shell 125. - As discussed above,
cable assemblies - (i) tensioning of
cable 270A ofcable assembly 130A drawsanterior shell 125 onto the dorsal portion of the foot of the patient, whereby to apply a gripping force to the mid-foot and forefoot of the patient (FIG. 10 ), withflanges 155 ofplantar shell 115 andflanges 156 ofplantar shell 115 closely conforming to the mid-foot of the patient; - (ii) tensioning of
cable 270B ofcable assembly 130B drawsanterior shell 125 towards the front of the lower leg of the patient and drawsbottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 in against the anatomy of the patient superior to the calcaneus, whereby to apply a gripping force to the lower leg of the patient superior to the malleoli bones (and superior to the calcaneus) (FIG. 10 ), withflanges 180 ofcalf shell 120 andflanges 245 ofanterior shell 125 closely conforming to the lower leg of the patient proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli bones, and proximal (i.e., superior) to the calcaneus; and - (iii) tensioning of
cable 270C ofcable assembly 130C drawsanterior shell 125 against the lower leg of the patient so as to apply a gripping force to the patient about the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient (FIG. 10 ), withflanges 175 ofcalf shell 120 andflanges 255 ofanterior shell 125 closely conforming to the lower- to mid-calf region of the patient. - The combination of the three aforementioned gripping actions provides for unique gripping of the anatomy of the patient.
- Significantly,
cable assembly 130B causes binding 35 to clamp the anatomy just proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli (FIG. 10 ). More particularly, whenrotary tightening mechanism 275B is turned andcable 270B is tightened,anterior shell 125 andcalf shell 120 tighten down on the anatomy just proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli, which together present a large, protruding diameter of hard bony anatomy. As a result, when a distally-directed distraction force is thereafter applied to binding 35, the portions of binding 35 gripping the anatomy just proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli are unable to slip past the malleoli, due to the tight engagement of the binding on the anatomy just proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli and due to the enlarged body diameter of the malleoli. - It should also be appreciated that when
rotary tightening mechanism 275B is turned andcable 270B is shortened (i.e., tightened), the cantileveredbottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 is drawn anteriorly so thatcollar 185 securely grips the anatomy of the patient in the region proximal (i.e., superior) to the calcaneus (FIG. 10 ). In essence,collar 185 “nestles” around the Achilles tendon, just above the calcaneus, thereby providing an enhanced gripping of the leg of the patient. As a result, when a distally-directed distraction force is thereafter applied to binding 35, the portions of binding 35 gripping the anatomy just proximal (i.e., superior) to the calcaneus are unable to slip past the calcaneus, due to the tight engagement of the binding on the anatomy just proximal (i.e., superior) to the calcaneus. - It should also be appreciated that since
plantar shell 115 andcalf shell 120 are separated by a gap, and sincecurved portion 145 of long,narrow spine 105 is spaced away from the heel of the patient, binding 35 is open in the region of the heel of the patient and does not cover the heel of the patient or otherwise engage the heel of the patient. As a result, as the foot and lower leg of the patient are gripped by anatomicalgripping system 5, there is space for the more pronounced calcaneus bone to move posteriorly without engaging long,narrow spine 105. - Additionally, the use of
rotary tightening mechanisms cables rotary tightening mechanism - In essence, anatomical
gripping system 5 is designed to securely grip the essential anatomy of the patient without requiring the adjacent non-essential anatomy to be tightly squeezed, thus reducing the pressure that the remaining surfaces of the foot receive. Gripping the foot using the prominent bones of the foot (i.e., the calcaneus and malleoli bones) ensures a secure grip of the foot while minimizing trauma to the foot anatomy. Among other things, by engaging the anatomy proximal (i.e., superior) to the malleoli and the calcaneus, subsequent pulling of the leg distally (e.g., for leg distraction) applies the pulling force along the axis of the leg, whereby to produce less trauma on the anatomy. This approach is in sharp contrast to the approach of conventional surgical boots, which seek to tighten down the surgical boot around the front of the foot, in a relatively focal zone which contains soft tissues, nerves and blood supply. This conventional approach can lead to injury if the surgical boot is excessively tightened, but can also lead to slippage if tightening of the surgical boot is not sufficient. - And significantly, even though no portion of binding 35 covers or engages the heel of the patient, a superior grip is achieved on the patient’s anatomy, and problematic “heel slippage” is avoided.
- It should also be appreciated that a key aspect of the present invention is the ability to conform
plantar shell 115,calf shell 120 andanterior shell 125 to the shape of the patient’s foot and lower leg. This is achieved by, among other things, (i) formingplantar shell 115 withflanges openings 157, (ii) formingcalf shell 120 withflanges flanges openings 187, and withbottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 cantilevered away from long,narrow spine 105, and (iii) forminganterior shell 125 withflanges openings openings anterior shell 125, whereby to provide significant flexibility forshells - In a preferred embodiment, a single size binding 35 is able to adequately grip the legs of patients of substantially all sizes. To help ensure an adequate grip is achieved for patients of substantially all sizes,
soft liner 30 and/orsoft butterfly wrap 25 can be provided in two or more sizes (e.g., small, medium and large). For smaller feet,soft liner 30 and/orsoft butterfly wrap 25 may be supplemented with additional material, e.g., non-compressible or compressible foam, so as to provide the patient with the same “effective” foot size as a patient with a larger foot, allowing for a single size of binding 35 to be used. In one embodiment, this additional material is added to the bottom and/or back ofsoft liner 30 and/orsoft butterfly wrap 25. In another embodiment, this additional material is added to the top and/or front ofsoft liner 30 and/orsoft butterfly wrap 25. - By way of example but not limitation, in another form of the invention, and looking now at
FIGS. 25-28 ,plantar shell 115 andcalf shell 120 of binding 35 may compriserigid foam portions 290 disposed on the interior surfaces ofplantar shell 115 andcalf shell 120. If desired,rigid foam portions 290 may be provided in a variety of thicknesses to accommodate different size feet and legs. In another embodiment,rigid foam portions 290 may be custom-formed to each patient’s foot and leg prior to the surgical procedure. In any case, providingplantar shell 115 and/orcalf shell 120 withrigid foam portions 290 enables the foot and lower leg of the patient to be received in binding 35 to optimize gripping of the foot and lower leg of the patient in the binding. By way of further example but not limitation,plantar shell 115 may comprise different thicknessrigid foam portions 290 so as to compensate for different size feet, such that the calcaneus bone of the patient is consistently positioned within binding 35. For example, a smaller foot may require a thickerrigid foam portion 290 onplantar shell 115, whereas a larger foot may require a thinnerrigid foam portion 290 onplantar shell 115. - In an alternative embodiment, a second size of binding 35 may be used to accommodate a smaller or larger foot size. In this embodiment,
soft liner 30 and/orsoft butterfly wrap 25 may be provided in a single size. Alternatively,soft liner 30 and/orsoft butterfly wrap 25 may be provided in a second size; in this embodiment,soft liner 30 and/orsoft butterfly wrap 25 may comprise padding as described above (e.g., on the top and/or front, or on the back and/or bottom, ofsoft liner 30 and/or soft butterfly wrap 25). These scaled bindings are scaled with respect to the key anatomical features and the areas of load transfer established with thesoft butterfly wrap 25 andsoft liner 30. Scaling will not be proportional over the entire device, but will scale according to the key measures of the foot and leg anatomy (e.g., ankle diameter, malleoli heights, etc.). - In use, when a patient’s leg is to be distracted,
soft butterfly wrap 25 andsoft liner 30 are positioned about the foot and lower leg of the patient so thatlower band 40 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25 sits around the forefoot and midfoot of the patient, andupper band 45 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25 sits above (i.e., “proximal to” or “superior to”) the malleoli of the patient, andsoft liner 30 is positioned about the foot and lower leg of the patient so as to cover a portion of the foot and lower leg of the patient. Wheresoft butterfly wrap 25 andsoft liner 30 are formed as separate components, firstsoft butterfly wrap 25 is applied to the foot and lower leg of the patient, and thensoft liner 30 is applied to the foot and lower leg of the patient (and over soft butterfly wrap 25). Then binding 35 is mounted todistraction frame 15 usingmount 135 on the bottom of binding 35 (i.e., usingmount 135 onplantar portion 140 of long, narrow spine 105). Next, the leg of the patient is inserted into binding 35 so that the foot of the patient seats inplantar shell 115 and the calf of the patient seats incalf shell 120. Thenanterior shell 125 is brought over the anterior portion of the foot and lower leg of the patient, and over the sides ofplantar shell 115 andcalf shell 120.Pull tabs cables rotary tightening mechanisms lower band 40 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25, (ii)upper band 45 ofsoft butterfly wrap 25, and (iii) the lower to mid-calf of the patient. Note that asrotary tightening mechanism 275B is used to tightencable 270B,anterior shell 125 moves posteriorly, andbottom portion 170 ofcalf shell 120 flexes anteriorly, whereby to provide a secure grip on the anatomy of the patient. Thendistraction frame 15 is used to distract the hip joint of the patient by applying a distal force to mount 135 of binding 35 (and hence applying a distal force to the distal end of the leg of the patient). - At any point in the surgical procedure, tension can be released from binding 35 by any member of the surgical staff who is in the sterile field. This can be done without compromising sterility. More particularly, and looking now at
FIGS. 29-31 , a member of the surgical staffs gripsrotary tightening mechanism sterile drape 295 and pulls it upward to release the rotary tightening mechanism. In other words, the member of the surgical staff depresses the sterile drape over the sides of the rotary tightening mechanism(s), grips the side(s) of the rotary tightening mechanism(s) and pulls the rotary tightening mechanism(s) upward until it/they is/are released. This can be done without the risk of tearing the sterile drape because the rotary tightening mechanisms have a rounded shape without any sharp edges. Additionally, the motion to release the rotary tightening mechanisms is a short, vertical motion that does not put stress on the sterile drape. - In an alternative method of use, if preferred, the foot and lower leg of the patient can be secured to binding 35 before binding 35 is secured to
distraction frame 15, and then binding 35 can be secured to distraction frame 15 - in this case, a stand (not shown) may be provided for holding binding 35 steady while the foot and lower leg of the patient is secured to binding 35. In one form of this alternative method of use, the foot and lower leg of the patient are secured to binding 35 pre-operatively while the patient is still conscious and can provide feedback on the tightness of binding 35 (e.g., so as to ensure that binding 35 is tight but not too tight). In this alternative method of use, the patient may be conscious and provide feedback to the surgical staff on the comfort level of binding 35 as binding 35 is secured to their foot and lower leg. For example, if binding 35 is uncomfortably tight, the binding could be loosened or, if binding 35 feels too lose, binding 35 can be tightened. In this alternative form of the invention, and looking now atFIG. 32 , long,narrow spine 105 of binding 35 may have a modified configuration to facilitate a patient walking while binding 35 is on their foot, e.g., long,narrow spine 105 may comprise anenlarged heel 400 and arubber sole 405. - In another form of the invention,
soft liner 30 may be incorporated intoplantar shell 115,calf shell 120 andanterior shell 125 of binding 35. In this form of the invention,soft butterfly wrap 25 is formed as a separate component and is placed on the patient as a first step prior to the patient’s foot being placed into binding 35 (which incorporates soft liner 30). - In some cases, it can be helpful to know the level of force being applied to the foot and lower leg of the patient by binding 35, and/or to limit the level of force being applied to the foot and lower leg of the patient by binding 35.
- By way of example but not limitation, in one form of the invention, and looking now at
FIG. 33 , force gauges 410 are incorporated into binding 35 to measure the active tension being applied tocable assemblies rotary tightening mechanisms - In one construction, force gauges 410 may be constructed like a “fish scale” with a spring being located between two housing members. One housing member is connected to the portions of
cable assemblies rotary tightening mechanisms cable assemblies rotary tightening mechanisms cable assemblies force gauge 410 will move away from one another. An indicator onforce gauge 410 provides a visual representation of the distance the two housing members will move away from one another, and hence a visual representation of the amount of tension incable assemblies - In another form of the invention,
force gauge 410 may be incorporated intoplantar shell 115 andcalf shell 120, e.g., intoplantar cable mount 160 and into lowercalf cable mount 190 and uppercalf cable mount 195. - In another form of the invention, and looking now at
FIG. 34 , atorque limiter 415 is coupled to, or incorporated into, one or more ofrotary tightening mechanisms torque limiter 415 will “slip” at a pre-determined torque threshold, i.e.,torque limiter 415 will limit the maximum possible torque which can be applied by one or more ofrotary tightening mechanisms rotary tightening mechanisms torque limiter 415 will “slip” (as in a friction plate or slip-clutch), or uncouple the load entirely, thereby preventing additional torque from being applied torotary tightening mechanisms cable assemblies - It should be understood that many additional changes in the details, materials, steps and arrangements of parts, which have been herein described and illustrated in order to explain the nature of the present invention, may be made by those skilled in the art while still remaining within the principles and scope of the invention.
Claims (28)
1-32. (canceled)
33. A method for distracting a hip joint, the method comprising:
providing a binding for gripping a lower leg and foot of a patient, the binding comprising:
a calf member comprising a first portion and a second portion, the second portion being movable relative to the first portion; and
a tensioning mechanism configured to apply a force to the second portion of the calf member;
positioning the calf member along the calf side of the lower leg of the patient;
tensioning the tensioning mechanism to apply a force to the second portion of the calf member, whereby to hold the second portion of the calf member superior to the calcaneus bone of the patient; and
applying a distracting force to the binding.
34. The method according to claim 33 wherein the tensioning mechanism is connected to the second portion of the calf member.
35. The method according to claim 33 wherein the binding further comprises a plantar member configured to extend under the foot of the patient.
36. The method according to claim 35 wherein the plantar member is connected to the first portion of the calf member.
37. The method according to claim 33 wherein the second portion comprises a cantilever.
38. The method according to claim 33 wherein the binding further comprises an anterior member.
39. The method according to claim 38 wherein the tensioning mechanism is connected to the anterior member.
40. The method according to claim 33 wherein the force applied by the tensioning mechanism comprises an anteriorly-directed force.
41. The method according to claim 33 wherein the second portion of the calf member is drawn into the superior portion of the calcaneus bone when the tensioning mechanism applies the force to the second portion of the calf member.
42. The method according to claim 33 wherein when the distraction force is applied to the binding, the second portion of the calf member inhibits relative motion between the calcaneus bone of the patient and the binding.
43. The method according to claim 38 wherein the tensioning mechanism is configured to apply a clamping force between the anterior member and the calf member, whereby to grip the lower leg of the patient above the malleoli bones.
44. The method according to claim 33 further comprising covering at least a portion of the lower leg with a soft wrap.
45. The method according to claim 44 wherein the soft wrap covers the lower leg of the patient superior to the malleoli bones.
46. The method according to claim 44 wherein the tensioning mechanism is configured to apply a clamping force onto the soft wrap.
47. A method for distracting a hip joint, the method comprising:
providing a binding for gripping a lower leg and foot of a patient, the binding comprising:
a calf member comprising a first portion and a second portion, wherein the second portion is flexible relative to the first portion; and
a tensioning mechanism configured to apply a force to the second portion of the calf member;
positioning the calf member along the calf of the lower leg of the patient;
tensioning the tensioning mechanism to apply a force to the second portion of the calf member, whereby to hold the second portion of the calf member superior to the calcaneus bone of the patient; and
applying a distracting force to the binding.
48. The method according to claim 47 wherein the binding further comprises an anterior member.
49. The method according to claim 48 wherein the tensioning mechanism is configured to apply a clamping force between the anterior member and the calf member, whereby to grip the lower leg of the patient above the malleoli bones.
50. The method according to claim 47 further comprising covering at least a portion of the lower leg with a soft wrap.
51. The method according to claim 50 wherein the soft wrap covers the lower leg of the patient superior to the malleoli bones.
52. The method according to claim 50 wherein the tensioning mechanism is configured to apply a clamping force onto the soft wrap.
53. A method for distracting a hip joint, the method comprising:
providing a binding, the binding comprising:
a calf member comprising a first portion and a second portion, the second portion movably connected to the first portion; and
a tensioning mechanism configured to apply a force to the second portion of the calf member;
positioning the calf member along the calf side of the lower leg of the patient;
tensioning the tensioning mechanism to apply a force to the second portion of the calf member, wherein when the tensioning mechanism applies the force to the second portion of the calf member, the second portion of the calf member is drawn in an anterior direction, whereby to hold the second portion of the calf member superior to the calcaneus bone of the patient; and
applying a distracting force to the binding.
54. The method according to claim 53 wherein the binding further comprises an anterior member.
55. The method according to claim 54 wherein the tensioning mechanism is configured to apply a clamping force between the anterior member and the calf member, whereby to grip the lower leg of the patient above the malleoli bones.
56. The method according to claim 53 wherein when the distraction force is applied to the binding, the second portion of the calf member inhibits relative motion between the calcaneus bone of the patient and the binding.
57. The method according to claim 53 further comprising covering at least a portion of the lower leg with a soft wrap.
58. The method according to claim 57 wherein the soft wrap covers the lower leg of the patient superior to the malleoli bones.
59. The method according to claim 57 wherein the tensioning mechanism is configured to apply a clamping force onto the soft wrap.
Priority Applications (1)
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US18/071,218 US20230105268A1 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2022-11-29 | Anatomical gripping system for gripping the leg and foot of a patient when effecting hip distraction and/or when effecting leg positioning |
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US18/071,218 US20230105268A1 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2022-11-29 | Anatomical gripping system for gripping the leg and foot of a patient when effecting hip distraction and/or when effecting leg positioning |
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US18/071,218 Pending US20230105268A1 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2022-11-29 | Anatomical gripping system for gripping the leg and foot of a patient when effecting hip distraction and/or when effecting leg positioning |
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US11510805B2 (en) | 2022-11-29 |
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