US20220410242A1 - Forming device and forming method - Google Patents
Forming device and forming method Download PDFInfo
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- US20220410242A1 US20220410242A1 US17/823,513 US202217823513A US2022410242A1 US 20220410242 A1 US20220410242 A1 US 20220410242A1 US 202217823513 A US202217823513 A US 202217823513A US 2022410242 A1 US2022410242 A1 US 2022410242A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/40—Direct resistance heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
- C21D8/105—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a forming device that forms a heated metal material, the forming device including: a die that performs quench forming by coming into contact with the metal material; a cooling unit that is provided inside the die to cool the die; and a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the die, in which the cooling unit adjusts a cooling capacity on the basis of a detection result of the temperature sensor.
Description
- This is a bypass continuation application of International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2021/000860 filed on Jan. 13, 2021, which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-046649 filed on Mar. 17, 2020, which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
- Certain embodiments of the present invention relate to a forming device and a forming method.
- In the related art, forming devices that form a heated metal material have been known. For example, the related art discloses a forming device including a die having a lower die and an upper die paired with each other, a gas supply portion that supplies gas into a metal pipe material held between the dies, and a heating unit that heats the metal pipe material by energization and heating. Such a forming device includes a cooling unit that causes water to flow through a flow path formed in the die in order to cool the heated metal pipe during forming. Accordingly, the forming device can perform quench forming by bringing the cooled die into contact with the metal pipe material.
- According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a forming device that forms a heated metal material, the forming device including: a die that performs quench forming by coming into contact with the metal material; a cooling unit that is provided inside the die to cool the die; and a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the die, in which the cooling unit adjusts a cooling capacity on the basis of a detection result of the temperature sensor.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a forming method of forming a heated metal material, the forming method including: a forming process of performing quench forming by bringing the metal material into contact with a die; and a cooling process of cooling the die, in which the cooling process includes an adjustment process of adjusting a cooling capacity for the die by a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the die.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a forming device according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B are enlarged cross-sectional views showing a state of a metal pipe material and a die during blow forming. -
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a die. -
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the die showing a state in which a first member is removed. -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V shown inFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI shown inFIG. 5 . -
FIGS. 7A and 7B are enlarged views of a flow path. -
FIGS. 8A and 8B are graphs showing a relationship between time and the temperature change of the die. -
FIGS. 9A and 9B are graphs showing a relationship between time and the temperature change of the die. -
FIGS. 10A and 10B are cross-sectional views showing a die of a forming device according to a modification example. - The forming device as in the related art performs quench forming of a new heated metal material when the quench forming of the heated metal material is completed. In this way, the forming device repeatedly performs the quench forming of the heated metal material. That is, the die repeatedly comes into contact with the metal material in a high-temperature state. In contrast, in the related art, it has not been considered that the repeated forming is performed in a case where the cooling unit cools the die. In this case, there is a possibility that heat is gradually accumulated in the die and hardenability to the metal material deteriorates. Accordingly, in a case where the repeated forming is performed, the stability of the quality of the formed product such as hardenability and formability may deteriorate.
- It is desirable to provide a forming device and a forming method capable of improving the stability of the quality of a formed product in a case where repeated forming is performed.
- Such a forming device has a die that performs quench forming by coming into contact with a metal material. A temperature of the die rises as the die and the heated metal material come into contact with each other. In contrast, as a cooling unit cools the die, the die can be brought into a state in which the quench forming is possible. Moreover, the cooling unit suppresses the deterioration of the hardenability to the metal material resulting from the accumulation of heat to the die caused by the repeated forming. Therefore, even though the die repeatedly receives the heat input from the metal material as the forming is repeated, the die can perform the repeated quench forming without deteriorating the hardenability. From the above, the forming device can improve the stability of the quality of the formed product in a case where the repeated forming is performed.
- The cooling unit may make a temperature of the die fall within a predetermined range. In this case, the cooling unit can make the pattern of temperature change of the die during forming close to constant. Therefore, the forming device can improve the stability of the quality of the formed product.
- The cooling unit may increase a cooling capacity as the number of times of forming of the die increases. As the number of times of forming of the die increases, heat is more likely to be accumulated in the die. Therefore, the cooling unit can suppress the accumulation of heat in the die by increasing the cooling capacity as the number of times of forming of the die increases.
- The cooling unit may increase a cooling capacity as a forming time of the die becomes longer. The longer the forming time of the die, the more easily heat is accumulated in the die. Therefore, the cooling unit can suppress the accumulation of heat to the die by increasing the cooling capacity as the forming time of the die becomes longer.
- According to this forming method, it is possible to obtain the operation and effects having the same meaning as that of the above-described forming device.
- Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the respective drawings, the same portions or corresponding portions are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a formingdevice 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown inFIG. 1 , the formingdevice 1 is a device that forms a metal pipe having a hollow shape by blow forming. In the present embodiment, the formingdevice 1 is installed on a horizontal plane. The formingdevice 1 includes a forming die 2, adrive mechanism 3, a holding unit 4, aheating unit 5, afluid supply unit 6, acooling unit 7, and acontrol unit 8. In addition, in the present specification, the metal pipe refers to a hollow article after the forming in the formingdevice 1 is completed, and a metal pipe material 40 (metal material) refers to a hollow article before the forming in the formingdevice 1 is completed. Themetal pipe material 40 is a steel type pipe material that can be hardened. Additionally, in the horizontal direction, a direction in which themetal pipe material 40 extends during forming may be referred to as a “longitudinal direction”, and a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction may be referred to as a “width direction”. - The forming
die 2 is a die that forms themetal pipe material 40 into a metal pipe, and includes alower die 11 and anupper die 12 that face each other in the vertical direction. Thelower die 11 and theupper die 12 are made of steel blocks. Each of thelower die 11 and theupper die 12 is provided with a recessed portion in which themetal pipe material 40 is accommodated. With thelower die 11 and theupper die 12 in close contact with each other (die closed state), respective recessed portions thereof form a space having a target shape in which the metal pipe material is to be formed. Therefore, the surfaces of the respective recessed portions become the forming surfaces of the formingdie 2. Thelower die 11 is fixed to abase stage 13 via a die holder or the like. Theupper die 12 is fixed to a slide of thedrive mechanism 3 via a die holder or the like. - The
drive mechanism 3 is a mechanism that moves at least one of thelower die 11 and theupper die 12. InFIG. 1 , thedrive mechanism 3 has a configuration in which only theupper die 12 is moved. Thedrive mechanism 3 includes aslide 21 that moves theupper die 12 such that thelower die 11 and theupper die 12 are joined together, and a pull-back cylinder 22 serving as an actuator that generates a force for pulling theslide 21 upward, amain cylinder 23 serving as a drive source that downward-pressurizes theslide 21, and adrive source 24 that applies a driving force to themain cylinder 23. - The holding unit 4 is a mechanism that holds the
metal pipe material 40 disposed between thelower die 11 and theupper die 12. The holding unit 4 includes a lower electrode 26 and an upper electrode 27 that hold themetal pipe material 40 on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the formingdie 2, and a lower electrode 26 and an upper electrode 27 that holds themetal pipe material 40 on the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the formingdie 2. The lower electrodes 26 and the upper electrodes 27 on both sides in the longitudinal direction hold themetal pipe material 40 by sandwiching the vicinity of an end portion of themetal pipe material 40 from the vertical direction. In addition, groove portions having a shape corresponding to an outer peripheral surface of themetal pipe material 40 are formed on an upper surface of the lower electrode 26 and a lower surface of the upper electrode 27. The lower electrode 26 and the upper electrode 27 are provided with drive mechanisms (not shown) and are movable independently in the vertical direction. - The
heating unit 5 heats themetal pipe material 40. Theheating unit 5 is a mechanism that heats themetal pipe material 40 by energizing themetal pipe material 40. Theheating unit 5 heats themetal pipe material 40 in a state in which themetal pipe material 40 is spaced apart from thelower die 11 and theupper die 12 between thelower die 11 and theupper die 12. Theheating unit 5 includes the lower electrodes 26 and the upper electrodes 27 on both sides in the longitudinal direction described above, and apower supply 28 that allows an electric current to flow to the metal pipe material through the electrodes 26 and 27. In addition, the heating unit may be disposed in the previous process of the formingdevice 1 and performs heating externally. - The
fluid supply unit 6 is a mechanism that supplies a high-pressure fluid into themetal pipe material 40 held between thelower die 11 and theupper die 12. Thefluid supply unit 6 supplies the high-pressure fluid to themetal pipe material 40 that has been brought into a high-temperature state by being heated by theheating unit 5, and expands themetal pipe material 40. Thefluid supply unit 6 is provided on both end sides of the formingdie 2 in the longitudinal direction. Thefluid supply unit 6 includes anozzle 31 that supplies fluid from an opening of an end portion of themetal pipe material 40 to the inside of themetal pipe material 40, adrive mechanism 32 that moves thenozzle 31 forward and backward with respect to the opening of themetal pipe material 40, and asupply source 33 that supplies the high-pressure fluid into themetal pipe material 40 via thenozzle 31. In thedrive mechanism 32, thenozzle 31 is brought into close contact with the end portion of themetal pipe material 40 in a state in which the sealing performance is secured during fluid supply and exhaust, and at other times, thenozzle 31 is spaced apart from the end portion of themetal pipe material 40. In addition, thefluid supply unit 6 may supply a gas such as high-pressure air or an inert gas as the fluid. Additionally, thefluid supply unit 6 may be the same device including theheating unit 5 together with the holding unit 4 having a mechanism that moves themetal pipe material 40 in the vertical direction. - The
cooling unit 7 is a mechanism that cools the formingdie 2. By cooling the formingdie 2, thecooling unit 7 can rapidly cool themetal pipe material 40 when the expandedmetal pipe material 40 has come into contact with a forming surface of the formingdie 2. Thecooling unit 7 includes aflow path 36 formed inside thelower die 11 and theupper die 12, and acirculation mechanism 37 that supplies and circulates a cooling medium to theflow path 36. - The
control unit 8 is a device that controls the entire formingdevice 1. Thecontrol unit 8 controls thedrive mechanism 3, the holding unit 4, theheating unit 5, thefluid supply unit 6, and thecooling unit 7. Thecontrol unit 8 repeatedly performs an operation of forming themetal pipe material 40 with the formingdie 2. - Specifically, the
control unit 8 controls, for example, the transport timing from a transport device such as a robot arm to dispose themetal pipe material 40 between thelower die 11 and theupper die 12 in an open state. Alternatively, thecontrol unit 8 may wait for a worker to manually dispose themetal pipe material 40 between thelower die 11 and theupper die 12. Additionally, thecontrol unit 8 supports themetal pipe material 40 with the lower electrodes 26 on both sides in the longitudinal direction and then controls the actuator of the holding unit 4 so as to lower the upper electrode 27 to sandwich themetal pipe material 40. Additionally, thecontrol unit 8 controls theheating unit 5 to energize and heat themetal pipe material 40. Accordingly, an axial electric current flows through themetal pipe material 40, and the electric resistance of themetal pipe material 40 itself causes themetal pipe material 40 itself to generate heat due to Joule heat. - The
control unit 8 controls thedrive mechanism 3 to lower theupper die 12 and bring theupper die 12 closer to thelower die 11 to close the formingdie 2. On the other hand, thecontrol unit 8 controls thefluid supply unit 6 to seal the openings of both ends of themetal pipe material 40 with thenozzle 31 and supply the fluid. Accordingly, themetal pipe material 40 softened by heating expands and comes into contact with the forming surface of the formingdie 2. Then, themetal pipe material 40 is formed so as to follow the shape of the forming surface of the formingdie 2. In addition, in a case where a metal pipe with a flange is formed, a part of themetal pipe material 40 is made to enter a gap between thelower die 11 and theupper die 12, and then the die is further closed to crush the entering portion to form a flange portion. When themetal pipe material 40 comes into contact with the forming surface, hardening of themetal pipe material 40 is performed by being quenched with the formingdie 2 cooled by thecooling unit 7. Such a cooling method is referred to as die contact cooling or die cooling. Immediately after being quenched, austenite is transformed into martensite (hereinafter, the transformation of austenite into martensite is referred to as martensitic transformation). Since the cooling rate decreased in the latter half of the cooling, martensite is transformed into another tissue (troostite, sorbite, or the like) by recuperation. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform a separate tempering treatment. In addition, the content of control of thecooling unit 7 by thecontrol unit 8 will be described below. - A forming procedure of the forming
device 1 will be described with reference toFIGS. 2A and 2B . As shown inFIG. 2A , thecontrol unit 8 performs blow forming (primary blowing) by closing the formingdie 2 and supplying the fluid to themetal pipe material 40 by thefluid supply unit 6. In the primary blowing, thecontrol unit 8 forms apipe portion 43 at a main cavity portion MC and causes a portion corresponding to aflange portion 44 to enter a sub-cavity portion SC. Then, as shown inFIG. 2B , thecontrol unit 8 forms theflange portion 44 by further closing the formingdie 2 and further crushing the portion that has entered the sub-cavity portion SC. Next, thecontrol unit 8 performs die opening by raising theupper die 12 to space theupper die 12 apart from themetal pipe material 40. Accordingly, themetal pipe 41 is formed. - Next, the detailed configuration of the die 11 will be described with reference to
FIGS. 3 to 6 . In addition, in the following description, thelower die 11 will be described. However, since the explanation having the same meaning is also valid for theupper die 12, the description will be omitted.FIG. 3 is a plan view of thedie 11.FIG. 4 is a plan view of the die 11 showing a state in which thefirst member 50 is removed.FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V shown inFIG. 3 .FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI shown inFIG. 5 . - In addition, in the present embodiment, the forming
device 1 can simultaneously form twometal pipe materials 40. Therefore, as shown inFIG. 3 , thedie 11 has a formingsurface 47 that forms the twometal pipe materials 40 arranged in parallel with each other (see alsoFIGS. 2A and 2B ). In addition, the number ofmetal pipe materials 40 to be arranged is not limited, and may be one or three or more. The formingsurface 47 has a shape extending in the longitudinal direction so as to correspond to the longitudinal direction of themetal pipe material 40. In the following description, the longitudinal direction of the formingsurface 47 may be referred to as an X-axis direction, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction may be referred to as a Y-axis direction, and the vertical direction may be referred to as a Z-axis direction. Additionally, one side in the longitudinal direction is referred to as a positive side in the X-axis direction, one side in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is referred to as a positive side in the Y-axis direction, and the upper side is referred to as a positive side in the Z-axis direction. - As shown in
FIGS. 4 and 5 , thedie 11 is divided into three units U1, U2, and U3 in order from the positive side in the X-axis direction. The unit U2 is a unit corresponding to the central position of the die 11 in the X-axis direction. The units U1 and U3 are units on both end sides in the X-axis direction. The respective units U1, U2, and U3 have a cooling region E1 (first region), a cooling region E2 (second region), and a cooling region E3 (third region), respectively. The entire circumference of each of the cooling regions E1, E2, and E3 is surrounded in a plan view by aseal groove portion 90 in which an O-ring is disposed. In addition, in the units U1, U2, and U3 and the cooling regions E1, E2, and E3, the explanation having the same meaning shall be valid unless otherwise specified. In addition, in the embodiment, thedie 11 has a structure divided into three parts by the units U1, U2, and U3, but the die 11 may be used as one unit in order to aim for uniform cooling including the cooling regions. - As shown in
FIGS. 4 to 6 , aflow path 60 that allows the cooling medium (water) to flow therethrough is formed inside thedie 11. Theflow path 60 includes a plurality of cooling portions 61 (flow paths formed by slits), a supply jacket portion 62, a recovery jacket portion 63, a supply communication portion 64 (seeFIGS. 5 and 6 ), and a discharge communication portion 66 (FIG. 6 ). Additionally, adie holder 91 that supports the die 11 is formed with a supply portion 67 (seeFIGS. 5 and 6 ) anddischarge portions 68 and 69 (see FIG. 6). In addition, the plurality of cooling portions 61, the supply jacket portion 62, the recovery jacket portion 63, thesupply communication portion 64, and thedischarge communication portion 66 are provided as individual flow paths for the units U1, U2, and U3 and the cooling regions E1, E2, and E3. On the other hand, thesupply portion 67 and thedischarge portions - The cooling portions 61 are portions that mainly function as portions for cooling the
die 11. The cooling portions 61 are formed so as to extend in the Y-axis direction. The plurality of cooling portions 61 are disposed so as to be aligned in the X-axis direction. The supply jacket portion 62 is a portion that supplies the cooling medium to each cooling portion 61. The supply jacket portion 62 extends in the X-axis direction so as to be connected to an end portion of each cooling portion 61 on the negative side in the Y-axis direction. The recovery jacket portion 63 is a portion that recovers the cooling medium from each cooling portion 61 (seeFIGS. 4 and 6 ). The recovery jacket portion 63 extends in the X-axis direction so as to be connected to an end portion of each cooling portion 61 on the positive side in the Y-axis direction. - The
supply communication portion 64 is a portion that supplies the cooling medium from thesupply portion 67 to the supply jacket portion 62 by connecting the supply jacket portion 62 and thesupply portion 67. One or moresupply communication portions 64 are provided for the supply jacket portion 62 and extend to the negative side in the Z-axis direction. Thedischarge communication portion 66 is a portion that discharges the cooling medium from the recovery jacket portion 63 to thedischarge portion 68 by connecting the recovery jacket portion 63 and the discharge portion 68 (seeFIGS. 4 and 6 ) to each other. One or moredischarge communication portions 66 are provided for the recovery jacket portion 63 and extend to the negative side in the Z-axis direction. - The
supply portion 67 extends in the X-axis direction at the die holder 91 (seeFIGS. 5 and 6 ). An end portion of thesupply portion 67 on the positive side in the X-axis direction opens from thedie holder 91. A nozzle (not shown) that supplies the cooling medium is inserted into the opening. Thesupply portion 67 distributes the cooling medium to thesupply communication portion 64 of each of the units U1, U2, and U3. Thedischarge portion 68 extends in the X-axis direction at the die holder 91 (seeFIG. 6 ). Thedischarge portion 69 extends from the end portion of thedischarge portion 68 on the positive side in the X-axis direction to the positive side in the Y-axis direction and opens from thedie holder 91. A nozzle (not shown) that discharges the cooling medium is inserted into the opening. Thedischarge portions discharge communication portion 66 of each of the units U1, U2, and U3. - The
die 11 is divided into thefirst member 50 having the formingsurface 47 for forming themetal pipe material 40, and asecond member 51 that supports thefirst member 50 on a side opposite to the formingsurface 47. Thefirst member 50 has a dividingsurface 50 a on the negative side in the Z-axis direction. Thesecond member 51 has a dividingsurface 51 a on the positive side in the Z-axis direction. Thefirst member 50 and thesecond member 51 are joined to each other by bolts (or screws) in a state in which the dividing surfaces 50 a and 51 a overlap each other so as to come into contact with each other. By removing the bolts (or screws), thefirst member 50 can be removed from the second member 51 (seeFIGS. 7A and 7B ). In addition, in the present embodiment, the dividing surfaces 50 a and 51 a are configured by a plane spreading in parallel with the XY plane. - The thickness of the
first member 50 is smaller than the thickness of thesecond member 51. The thickness herein is a dimension on the negative side in the Z-axis direction. In addition, the surface of thefirst member 50 on the positive side in the Z-axis direction is formed so as to be curved according to the shape of the formingsurface 47. Thus, the thickness of thefirst member 50 varies depending on the location. The formingsurface 47 is recessed to the most negative side in the Z-axis direction at the position of the unit U2. Therefore, the dividingsurface 50 a in the unit U2 is disposed on the negative side in the Z-axis direction with respect to the dividingsurface 50 a of the other units U1 and U3. - The material of the
first member 50 has higher durability against forming than the material of thesecond member 51. As the material of thefirst member 50, a harder material and a higher-grade material having high wear resistance than the material of thesecond member 51 are used. - The
second member 51 is formed with a slit 53 that extends along the dividingsurface 51 a and is open on the dividingsurface 51 a. The slit 53 constitutes the cooling portion 61 which is a part of theflow path 60 by joining thefirst member 50 and thesecond member 51 to each other. The dividingsurface 50 a of thefirst member 50 is formed as a smooth surface without forming a slit. Accordingly, the slit 53 defines a bottom surface 61 a and aside surface 61 b of the cooling portion 61, and the dividingsurface 50 a of thefirst member 50 defines anupper surface 61 c of the cooling portion 61 (seeFIG. 7B ). That is, the cooling portion 61, which is a flow path having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, is formed by blocking the opening of the slit 53 with thefirst member 50. - The
second member 51 is formed with ajacket groove 54 that extends along the dividingsurface 51 a and is open on the dividingsurface 51 a. Thejacket groove 54 constitutes the supply jacket portion 62 and the recovery jacket portion 63, which are a part of theflow path 60, by joining thefirst member 50 and thesecond member 51 to each other. The dividingsurface 50 a of thefirst member 50 is formed as a smooth surface without forming a slit. Accordingly, thejacket groove 54 defines abottom surface 62 a and aside surface 62 b of the supply jacket portion 62, and the dividingsurface 50 a of thefirst member 50 defines anupper surface 62 c of the supply jacket portion 62 (seeFIG. 7A ). That is, the supply jacket portion 62, which is a flow path having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, is formed by blocking the opening of thejacket groove 54 with thefirst member 50. The same applies to the recovery jacket portion 63. - As shown in
FIG. 4 , the disposition of the slit 53 and thejacket groove 54 has the same meaning as the disposition of the cooling portion 61, the supply jacket portion 62, and the recovery jacket portion 63 described above. That is, the slit 53 extends in the Y-axis direction, and a plurality of the slits 53 are arranged in the X-axis direction. At both ends of the plurality of slits 53 in the Y-axis direction, ajacket groove 54 of the supply jacket portion 62 and ajacket groove 54 of the recovery jacket portion 63 are formed for each slit 53. In addition, the slit 53 and thejacket groove 54 formed in each of the units U1, U2, and U3 are disposed within a range of theseal groove portion 90 that surrounds each of the cooling regions E1, E2, and E3. - The
die 11 has the cooling regions E1, E2, and E3 at different positions in the X-axis direction. Then, in the cooling regions E1 and E3, the plurality of slits 53 are arranged at a first pitch P1. In the cooling region E2, the plurality of slits 53 are arranged at a second pitch P2 shorter than the first pitch P1. Accordingly, the slits 53 of the cooling region E2 are formed more densely than the slits 53 of the cooling regions E1 and E3. - The cross-sectional area of the cooling portion 61 as a single path by the slit 53 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the supply jacket portion 62 and the recovery jacket portion 63 by the
jacket groove 54. Specifically, as shown inFIGS. 7A and 7B , a width dimension W1 of the slit 53 is narrower than a width dimension W2 of thejacket groove 54. Additionally, a height dimension H1 of the slit 53 is lower than a height dimension H2 of thejacket groove 54. - Next, the contents of control of the
cooling unit 7 by thecontrol unit 8 will be described in detail with reference toFIGS. 5, 8A, and 8B . In addition, in the following description, the cooling for the die 11 is described, but the explanation having the same meaning will be valid for the cooling for thedie 12. As shown inFIG. 5 , thecirculation mechanism 37 of thecooling unit 7 supplies the cooling medium to thesupply portion 67. Thecirculation mechanism 37 is connected to an inlet portion of thesupply portion 67 via apipe 101. Additionally, thecirculation mechanism 37 recovers the cooling medium discharged from thedischarge portion 69. Thecirculation mechanism 37 cools the recovered cooling medium with a cooling device and supplies the cooling medium having a predetermined temperature to thesupply portion 67. - The forming
device 1 includes atemperature sensor 100 that detects the temperature of thedie 11. Thetemperature sensor 100 transmits the detected temperature to thecontrol unit 8. InFIG. 5 , thetemperature sensor 100 is provided at a position close to the forming surface inside thedie 11. However, thetemperature sensor 100 may be provided anywhere with respect to thedie 11. For example, thetemperature sensor 100 may be provided at a position different from that inFIG. 5 inside the die 11 or may be provided on the surface of thedie 11. - The
control unit 8 controls the cooling capacity of thecooling unit 7. Specifically, thecontrol unit 8 controls the cooling capacity by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling medium supplied by thecirculation mechanism 37. That is, thecontrol unit 8 reduces the flow rate of the cooling medium in a case where the cooling capacity is lowered and increases the flow rate of the cooling medium in a case where the cooling capacity is increased. However, thecontrol unit 8 may adjust the cooling capacity by adjusting not only the amount of water but also the temperature of the cooling medium. However, the flow rate is easier to adjust than the temperature. - Here, how the temperature of the die 11 changes in a case where the forming
device 1 repeatedly performs forming in order to manufacture a large number of metal pipes will be described with reference toFIGS. 8A and 8B .FIGS. 8A and 8B are graphs showing a relationship between time and the temperature change of thedie 11. The horizontal axis of the coordinates inFIGS. 8A and 8B indicates the time from the start of forming. Solid line graphs TG1 and TG2 are graphs showing the temperature change of thedie 11. The vertical axis of the coordinates (vertical axis on the left side of the paper surface) indicates the temperature of the die 11 with respect to the graphs TG1 and TG2. In addition, the location where the temperature of the die 11 is measured may be set to any location, and may be anywhere on the forming surface or inside the die. Two-dot chain line graphs FG1 and FG2 are graphs showing the flow rate of the cooling medium. The vertical axis of the coordinates (vertical axis on the right side of the paper surface) indicates the flow rate of the cooling medium for the graphs FG1 and FG2. - As shown in
FIG. 8A , when the formingdevice 1 performs first forming, the heatedmetal pipe material 40 comes into contact with thedie 11. In this case, the heat possessed by themetal pipe material 40 is input to thedie 11. Therefore, the temperature of the die 11 rises (see a portion “A” in the figure). In addition, the minimum point of the temperature at the start of the first forming is defined as“P1 a”. When the hardening of themetal pipe material 40 is completed and a metal pipe is removed from thedie 11, thecooling unit 7 cools the metal pipe in a state in which there is no heat input to thedie 11. Therefore, the temperature of the die 11 drops (see the portion “B” in the figure). The maximum point of temperature in the first forming is defined as “P1 b”. Next, at a preliminary stage where the temperature of the die 11 returns to the temperature at the start of forming, the formingdevice 1 performs second forming. Accordingly, the temperature of the die 11 rises again (see portion “C” in the figure). The minimum point of temperature at the start of the second forming is defined as “P2 a”. The maximum point obtained by the second forming is defined as “P2 b”. In this case, the temperature of the minimum point P2 a in the second forming is higher than the temperature of the minimum point P1 a in the first forming. Additionally, the temperature of the maximum point P2 b in the second forming is higher than the maximum point P1 b in the first forming. In this way, during a predetermined number of times of forming from the start of forming, the temperatures of the minimum points and the maximum points gradually increase whenever the forming is repeated. - When the forming is repeated equal to or more than a predetermined number of times, the temperature rise of the die 11 is brought into a saturation state. When this state is brought about, the temperatures of the minimum point Pma and the maximum point Pmb at a certain number of times of forming do not change from the temperatures of the minimum point Pna and the maximum point Pnb in the previous forming. After that, the forming is repeatedly performed in a state in which the temperature of the minimum point and the temperature of the maximum point are constant. Such a state may be referred to as a “stable state” in the following description.
- A graph La that passes through the minimum point in each forming and a graph Lb that passes through the maximum point in each forming are set. Since the graph FG1 shows the temperature change as described above, the graphs La and Lb have a shape like an asymptote that is curved upward toward the temperature in the stable state for a predetermined period after the start of forming and becomes a straight line that extends horizontally when the stable state is reached.
- In contrast, the
control unit 8 controls thecooling unit 7 so as to suppress the deterioration of the hardenability to themetal pipe material 40 resulting from the accumulation of heat to the die 11 caused by the repeated forming. For example, it is preferable that the temperature of the die 11 is set to a temperature T1 or lower in order to perform excellent hardening. Thecontrol unit 8 controls thecooling unit 7 such that the temperature of the die 11 in the stable state is the temperature T1 or lower. That is, thecontrol unit 8 keeps the flow rate of the cooling medium constant at a high value such that the temperature of the die 11 in the stable state is not higher than the temperature T1 because the cooling capacity is too low (see graph FG1). Thecontrol unit 8 performs control such that the temperature of the minimum point in the saturation state is at least the temperature T1 or lower. In addition, the temperature T1 is a value appropriately set depending on the material and size of thedie 11 and themetal pipe material 40. For example, when the temperature T1 is set, the durability of the die 11 may also be taken into consideration, and in a case where the durability is low, the temperature T1 may be kept low. For example, when the temperature of the die 11 becomes too high, there is a risk that the die strength may decrease due to tempering or the like and the abrasion may be promoted. However, such a risk can be reduced by setting the temperature T1 in consideration of the durability of thedie 11. - Additionally, the
control unit 8 controls thecooling unit 7 such that the temperature of the die 11 falls within a predetermined range. As described above, the graph TG1 shown inFIG. 8A falls within the range of the graph La composed of constant minimum values and the graph La composed of constant maximum values, in the stable state. However, even in the stable state, the maximum value and the minimum value in each forming may fluctuate slightly. In this case, the graphs La and Lb have a shape disordered from the straight line as shown inFIG. 8A . However, also in this case, it is preferable that the fluctuations of the maximum value and the minimum value fall within a predetermined error range as long as the stability of the hardenability of the metal pipe is not impaired. - The
control unit 8 may increase the cooling capacity of thecooling unit 7 as the number of times of forming of the die 11 increases. Additionally, thecontrol unit 8 may increase the cooling capacity of thecooling unit 7 as the forming time of the die 11 increases. For example, thecontrol unit 8 may control the flow rate of the cooling medium so as to draw the graph FG2 shown inFIG. 8B . In this case, thecontrol unit 8 keeps the flow rate of the cooling medium low at the start of forming and gradually increases the flow rate with the elapse of time. In this case, thecontrol unit 8 increases the flow rate of the cooling medium as the number of times of forming increases and the forming time increases. In addition, the “forming time” herein is not the time required for single forming (the time for one mountain of graph TG2), but the total time for each forming in a case where a plurality of times of forming is performed. Then, thecontrol unit 8 performs control such that the flow rate of the cooling medium is constant when the stable state is reached. - In the control method of
FIG. 8B , thecontrol unit 8 intentionally suppresses the cooling capacity of thecooling unit 7 at a forming start stage. Accordingly, thecontrol unit 8 quickly brings the temperature change of the die 11 into the stable state. Specifically, at the forming start stage, the temperature rise of the graph TG2 is larger than the temperature rise of the graph TG1. Then, the time during which the graph TG2 is brought into the stable state is “t1”, but the graph TG1 still continues the temperature rise at the stage of “t1. Then, the graph TG1 is brought into the stable state at the timing when a predetermined time has elapsed from “t1”. That is, in the control method ofFIG. 8B , thedie 11 enables the forming in the stable state at an early stage, and the quality of a formed product can be stabilized at an early stage. - The
control unit 8 may adjust the cooling capacity of thecooling unit 7 on the basis of the detection result of thetemperature sensor 100. For example, in the control ofFIG. 8B , thecontrol unit 8 may detect that the stable state has been reached from the detection result of thetemperature sensor 100. Accordingly, thecontrol unit 8 can keep the flow rate of the cooling medium constant at an appropriate timing. Additionally, in a case where the temperature of the die 11 drops from the temperature in the stable state as the repeated forming is temporarily paused, thecontrol unit 8 may identify the temperature drop on the basis of the detection result of thetemperature sensor 100. In this case, thecontrol unit 8 may raise the temperature of the die 11 so as to be brought into the stable state by reducing the cooling medium. - Next, the operation and effects of the forming
device 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. - The forming
device 1 according to the present embodiment has dies 11 and 12 that perform quench forming by coming into contact with a metal material. The temperature of the dies 11 and 12 rises as the dies 11 and 12 and the heated metal material come into contact with each other. In contrast, as thecooling unit 7 cools the dies 11 and 12, the dies 11 and 12 can be brought into a state in which the quench forming is possible. Moreover, thecooling unit 7 suppresses the deterioration of the hardenability to the metal material resulting from the accumulation of heat to the dies 11 and 12 caused by the repeated forming. Therefore, even though the dies 11 and 12 repeatedly receive the heat input from the metal material as the forming is repeated, the dies 11 and 12 can perform the repeated quench forming without deteriorating the hardenability. From the above, the formingdevice 1 can improve the stability of the quality of the formed product in a case where the repeated forming is performed. - The
cooling unit 7 may make the temperatures of the dies 11 and 12 fall within a predetermined range. In this case, thecooling unit 7 can make the pattern of temperature changes of the dies 11 and 12 during forming close to constant. Therefore, the formingdevice 1 can improve the stability of the quality of the formed product. That is, the pattern of the temperature change of the die 11 in the first forming ofFIG. 8A and the pattern of the temperature change of the die 11 in the fifth forming are different from each other. For that reason, there is a difference in hardenability between a metal pipe produced by the first forming and a metal pipe by the fifth forming. In contrast, in the forming in the stable state, the dies 11 and 12 can perform forming in a constant temperature change pattern regardless of the number of times. Accordingly, the quality of the formed product is stabilized. - The
cooling unit 7 may increase the cooling capacity as the number of times of forming of the dies 11 and 12 increases. As the number of times of forming of the dies 11 and 12 increases, heat is more likely to be accumulated in the dies 11 and 12. Therefore, thecooling unit 7 can suppress the accumulation of heat to the dies 11 and 12 by increasing the cooling capacity as the number of times of forming of the dies 11 and 12 increases. - The
cooling unit 7 may increase the cooling capacity as the forming time of the dies 11 and 12 becomes longer. The longer the forming time of the dies 11 and 12, the more easily heat is accumulated in the dies 11 and 12. Therefore, thecooling unit 7 can suppress the accumulation of heat to the dies 11 and 12 by increasing the cooling capacity as the forming time of the dies 11 and 12 becomes longer. - The forming
device 1 includes thetemperature sensor 100 that detects the temperatures of the dies 11 and 12, and thecooling unit 7 may adjust the cooling capacity on the basis of the detection result of thetemperature sensor 100. In this case, thecooling unit 7 can make the dies 11 and 12 have an appropriate temperature depending on the temperature of the dies 11 and 12. - The forming method according to the present embodiment may be a forming method of forming a heated metal material. The forming method includes a forming process of performing quench forming by bringing the metal material into contact with a die, and a cooling process of cooling the die. In the cooling process, deterioration of hardenability to the metal material resulting from accumulation of heat to the die caused by repeated forming may be suppressed.
- According to this forming method, it is possible to obtain the operation and effects having the same meaning as that of the above-described forming
device 1. - The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
- The pattern of the flow path of the cooling medium formed in the die is not limited to the above-described embodiment and may be appropriately changed as long as the pattern can satisfactorily cool the die.
- The control mode of the cooling capacity by the control unit is not limited to that shown in the above-described embodiment. For example, a control pattern as shown in
FIGS. 9A and 9B may be adopted. In addition, inFIGS. 9A and 9B , only the graph La showing the change mode of the minimum value and the graph Lb showing the change mode of the maximum value are shown, and the graph of the temperature change is omitted. The graph of the temperature change has such a shape that a wave is drawn within the range of the graphs La or Lb. - In
FIG. 9A , thecontrol unit 8 adjusts such that the cooling capacity becomes extremely high. The flow rate of the graph FG3 is higher than that of the graph TG1 shown inFIG. 8A . In this case, the amount of heat removed from the dies 11 and 12 by thecooling unit 7 in single forming is larger than the amount of heat input from the metal material to the dies 11 and 12. In the control pattern ofFIGS. 8A and 8B , the dies 11 and 12 are brought into the stable state at a high temperature, but in the control pattern ofFIGS. 9A and 9B , the dies 11 and 12 are brought into the stable state at a low temperature. - In
FIG. 9B , thecontrol unit 8 adjusts the cooling capacity so as to lower the temperature to allow the temperature rise of the dies 11 and 12 when the temperature rises to a predetermined temperature. As shown in the graph FG4, at the forming start stage, thecontrol unit 8 allows the temperature rise of the dies 11 and 12 to some extent by suppressing the flow rate of the cooling medium to a low value. When thecontrol unit 8 identifies that the temperatures of the dies 11 and 12 have reached a predetermined temperature on the basis of the detection result of thetemperature sensor 100, thecontrol unit 8 temporarily increases the flow rate of the cooling medium. Accordingly, thecontrol unit 8 lowers the temperature of the dies 11 and 12 by increasing the amount of heat removed by thecooling unit 7 rather than the amount of heat input to the dies 11 and 12. When thecontrol unit 8 identifies that the temperatures of the dies 11 and 12 have returned to about an initial stage on the basis of the detection result of thetemperature sensor 100, thecontrol unit 8 returns the flow rate of the cooling medium. Here, thecontrol unit 8 sets the temperature range W of the dies 11 and 12 to such an extent that the quality of the formed product does not change excessively. Accordingly, thecontrol unit 8 allows the pattern of temperature change of the dies 11 and 12 to fluctuate, but suppresses the width of the fluctuation, thereby suppressing the variations of the quality of the formed product. - As described above, the
cooling unit 7 makes the amount of heat removed from the dies 11 and 12 larger than the amount of heat input to the dies 11 and 12 from the metal material. In this case, thecooling unit 7 can suppress the temperature rise of the dies 11 and 12 or lower the temperature of the dies 11 and 12 that have risen. Accordingly, in a case where the repeated forming is performed, a change in hardenability resulting from the temperature of the dies 11 and 12 becoming excessively high can be suppressed. From the above, the forming device can improve the stability of the quality of the formed product in a case where the repeated forming is performed. - A forming method according to a modification example is a forming method of forming a heated metal material. The forming method includes a forming process of performing quench forming by bringing the metal material into contact with a die, and a cooling process of cooling the die. In the cooling process, an amount of heat removed from the die is made larger than an amount of input heat from the metal material to the die.
- According to this forming method, it is possible to obtain the operation and effects having the same meaning as that of the forming
device 1 according to the above-described modification example. - Additionally, a
die 110 as shown inFIGS. 10A and 10B may be adopted. The die 110 shown inFIGS. 10A and 10B includes alower die 111, anupper die 112, and aninsert die 113. The insert die 113 is connected to theupper die 112 via adamper 135. Thelower die 111, theupper die 112, and the insert die 113 haveflow paths protrusion portion 113 a for forming a complicated shape. According to such adie 110, as shown inFIG. 10A , when theupper die 112 is lowered and closed, the insert die 113 is first brought into a state of being close to themetal pipe material 300. Accordingly, when a high-pressure fluid is supplied to themetal pipe material 300, the shape corresponding to the insert die 113 is first formed. Then, when theupper die 112 is lowered, as shown inFIG. 10B , thelower die 111, theupper die 112, and the insert die 113 form a final formedproduct 301 with a flange. - As described above, in a case where a complicated part having an irregular shape is formed, it is desired to start forming in a state in which the temperature is as high as possible. Therefore, by using the insert die 113 as described above, a die contact portion in the irregular shape can be suppressed to a minimum necessary part. Therefore, expansion forming can be performed before the temperature of the
metal pipe material 300 drops. Here, in the insert die structure as described above, it is considered that there is almost no heat transfer in a sliding portion between theupper die 112 and the insert die 113. Therefore, theupper die 112 and the insert die 113 need to be individually cooled independently of each other. In this case, when the die temperatures are different from each other, the formedproduct 301 becomes a factor of having an internal strain, which affects the forming accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the die temperatures by controlling the cooling medium flowing through theflow paths lower die 111, theupper die 112, and the insert die 113 are as small as possible. - It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but may be modified into various forms on the basis of the spirit of the invention. Additionally, the modifications are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. A forming device that forms a heated metal material, the forming device comprising:
a die that performs quench forming by coming into contact with the metal material;
a cooling unit that is provided inside the die to cool the die; and
a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the die,
wherein the cooling unit adjusts a cooling capacity based on a detection result of the temperature sensor.
2. The forming device according to claim 1 ,
wherein the cooling unit makes a temperature of the die fall within a predetermined range.
3. The forming device according to claim 1 ,
wherein the cooling unit increases a cooling capacity as a number of times of forming of the die increases.
4. The forming device according to claim 1 ,
wherein the cooling unit increases a cooling capacity as a forming time of the die becomes longer.
5. The forming device according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a die holder that supports the die,
wherein the die holder includes a supply portion and a discharge portion.
6. The forming device according to claim 5 ,
wherein the cooling unit includes a circulation mechanism that supplies and circulates a cooling medium, and
the circulation mechanism supplies the cooling medium to the supply portion, recovers the cooling medium discharged from the discharge portion, cools the recovered cooling medium, and supplies the cooling medium to the supply portion.
7. The forming device according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a heating unit that heats the metal material.
8. The forming device according to claim 7 ,
wherein the heating unit includes a lower electrode, an upper electrode, and a power supply that allows electric current to flow to the metal material through the lower electrode and the upper electrode.
9. The forming device according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a fluid supply unit that supplies a fluid into the metal material.
10. The forming device according to claim 9 ,
wherein the fluid supply unit includes a nozzle that supplies the fluid to an inside of the metal material, a drive mechanism that moves the nozzle forward and backward with respect to an opening of the metal material, and a supply source that supplies the fluid into the metal material via the nozzle.
11. The forming device according to claim 1 ,
wherein the die includes a first member including a forming surface for forming the metal material and a second member that supports the first member on a side opposite to the forming surface.
12. The forming device according to claim 11 ,
wherein the first member and the second member include dividing surfaces that come into contact with each other, and
the second member includes a slit and a jacket groove that are open on the dividing surface.
13. A forming method of forming a heated metal material, the forming method comprising:
a forming process of performing quench forming by bringing the metal material into contact with a die; and
a cooling process of cooling the die,
wherein the cooling process includes an adjustment process of adjusting a cooling capacity for the die by a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the die.
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JP2020046649A JP2021146353A (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2020-03-17 | Molding apparatus and molding method |
JP2020-046649 | 2020-03-17 | ||
PCT/JP2021/000860 WO2021186863A1 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2021-01-13 | Molding device and molding method |
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PCT/JP2021/000860 Continuation WO2021186863A1 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2021-01-13 | Molding device and molding method |
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US20220410242A1 true US20220410242A1 (en) | 2022-12-29 |
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US17/823,513 Pending US20220410242A1 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2022-08-30 | Forming device and forming method |
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US (1) | US20220410242A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4122618A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2021146353A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20220151605A (en) |
CN (1) | CN115210014A (en) |
CA (1) | CA3173063A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021186863A1 (en) |
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JP2002282951A (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2002-10-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for hot press forming metal plate and apparatus therefor |
CN101518804A (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-02 | 胡平 | Design method for warm forming die structure of automotive sheet and cooling device |
JP2009220141A (en) | 2008-03-14 | 2009-10-01 | Marujun Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for manufacturing pipe product |
JP6378960B2 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2018-08-22 | 株式会社キーレックス | Press machine |
CN209189572U (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-08-02 | 无锡朗贤轻量化科技股份有限公司 | A kind of segmentation reinforcing die insert temperature regulating device |
-
2020
- 2020-03-17 JP JP2020046649A patent/JP2021146353A/en active Pending
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2021
- 2021-01-13 CA CA3173063A patent/CA3173063A1/en active Pending
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WO2021186863A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 |
CN115210014A (en) | 2022-10-18 |
EP4122618A4 (en) | 2023-09-06 |
JP2021146353A (en) | 2021-09-27 |
CA3173063A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 |
EP4122618A1 (en) | 2023-01-25 |
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