US20220396759A1

US20220396759A1 - Recombinant yeast and use thereof

Info

Publication number: US20220396759A1
Application number: US17/812,157
Authority: US
Inventors: Xueli Zhang; Luqi HUANG; Zhubo Dai; Dong Wang; Lili Zhang; Juan GUO; Yi Liu
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Institute of Materia Medica of CAMS; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of CAS
Priority date: 2016-11-04
Filing date: 2022-07-12
Publication date: 2022-12-15
Also published as: EP3536792A1; JP7129990B2; JP2020503888A; US20240010969A1; US11421199B2; US20200362297A1; CN108060092B; EP3536792A4; WO2018082588A1; CN108060092A

Abstract

Provided is a recombinant yeast expressing germacrene A synthetase or a fusion protein thereof, wherein the fusion protein is germacrene A synthetase and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase. The recombinant yeast improves the yield of germacrene A, and is suitable for the industrialized production of β-elemene and/or germacrene A.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/347,552, filed May 3, 2019, as a 371 of PCT International Application Number PCT/CN2017/109029, filed on Nov. 2, 2017, designating the United States of America and published in the Chinese language, which is an International Application of and claims the benefit of priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201610961269.5, filed on Nov. 4, 2016. The disclosures of the above-referenced applications are hereby expressly incorporated by reference in their entireties.

REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING

A Sequence Listing submitted as an ASCII text file via EFS-Web is hereby incorporated by reference in accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 1.52(e). The name of the ASCII text file for the Sequence Listing is 19NWT0002-Sequence Listing-Updated.txt, the date of creation of the ASCII text file is Sep. 15, 2021, and the size of the ASCII text file is 34.9 KB.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of biochemical industry, in particular to a recombinant strain, and synthesizing β-elemene according to a recombinant microbial method.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

β-elemene (beta-elemene) is a volatile sesquiterpene compound with tulip flavor, which is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for first class new cancer drugs of China. At present, it is mainly separated and extracted from plants such as Curcuma aromatica and Curcuma zedoary, but this method has many disadvantages, including low content of β-elemene and large difference among plants, difficulty in product purification, long plant growth cycle, and serious damage to biological resources, especially wild resources.
By utilizing the principles of synthetic biology, designing and modifying microbial strains to produce natural products has been internationally recognized as one of the most promising methods, for example, the yield of taxadiene, the precursor of paclitaxel, in E. coli has reached 1000 mg/L (Parayil KuMaran AjikuMar et al., 2010, Science, 330: 70-74); levopimaradiene, the precursor of ginkgolides, has reached a yield of 700 mg/L in the engineered E. coli(Effendi Leonard et al., 2010, PNAS, 107(31): 13654-13659); the yield of artemisinic acid, the precursor of artemisinin in engineered yeast is up to 25 g/L (Paddon C J et al., 2013, Nature, 496 (7446): 528-531); and currently there are related studies on the biosynthesis of drug molecules such as artemisinin, paclitaxel and tanshinone in China.
In nature, farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) can be catalyzed by germacrene A synthetase (GMAS) to synthesize germacrene A. Germacrene A is thermally unstable and prone to intramolecular thermal rearrangement to give β-elemene. At present, some studies have been carried out on the production of germacrene A, the precursor of β-elemene, by using recombinant strains, but the yields are low and cannot meet the requirements of industrial applications. For example, Gao Yunyun et al. constructed a biosynthetic pathway of germacrene A in E. coli, and the highest yield of germacrene A synthesized by the resulted recombinant strain was only 6.32 mg/L, which is still far from industrialization (Studies on the microbial biosynthesis of the precursor of β-elemene-germacrene A, Gao Yunyun, 2012, Hangzhou Normal University).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a recombinant strain.
The recombinant strain provided herein is a yeast comprising or expressing germacrene A synthetase or a fusion protein of germacrene A synthetase in vivo.
The fusion protein of germacrene A synthetase comprises the germacrene A synthetase and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase.
The above recombinant strains are classified into one or more kinds depending on the host source of gene for the fusion protein, and a nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein comprises a nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase and a nucleic acid encoding the farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase.
The fusion protein has one or more encoding nucleic acids.
Among the plurality of nucleic acids encoding the fusion protein, at least two nucleic acids encoding the germacrene A synthetase are derived from different hosts, and at least two nucleic acids encoding the farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase are derived from different hosts.
The difference of hosts from which the gene is derived in the present invention means that the hosts from which the gene is originally derived are different. The gene for germacrene A synthetase of the present invention can be obtained by cloning from a plant or microorganism known to contain germacrene A synthetase, for example, it can be selected from Helianthus annuus L., Tanacetum parthenium, lettuce (Lactuca sativa Linn.), Artemisia carvifolia, cyanobacteria, etc. The gene for farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (farnesyl diphosphate synthase) can be obtained by cloning from a plant or microorganisms known to contain farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, for example, it can be selected from Saliva miltiorrhiza, Yeast, Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. Maxim.) Harms), Eucommiaulmoides Oliv., etc.
The nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase comprises a nucleic acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 or a nucleic acid represented by positions 13-1686 of SEQ ID NO: 12.
The nucleic acid encoding the farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase comprises a nucleic acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or a nucleic acid represented by positions 1-1056 of SEQ ID NO: 11.
In the recombinant strain, the fusion protein further comprises a linker peptide for linking the germacrene A synthetase with the farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase.
The linker peptide is selected from GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15), YGQ (3A001), PGGH (4A001) (SEQ ID NO: 16), YRSQI (5A002) (SEQ ID NO: 17), VIPFIS (6A005) (SEQ ID NO: 18), FLYLKF (6B004) (SEQ ID NO: 19), WRFSPKLQ (8A005) (SEQ ID NO: 20) or HHVQESQCISTV (12A003) (SEQ ID NO: 21).
In the above recombinant strain, comprising or expressing germacrene A synthetase or a fusion protein of germacrene A synthetase in vivo is introducing a nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase or a nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein into yeast;
And/or, introducing the nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase into the yeast is introducing an expression cassette comprising the nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase into the yeast;
Introducing the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein into the yeast is introducing an expression cassette comprising the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein into the yeast;
And/or, the expression cassette comprises the nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase contains a promoter, a nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase, and a terminator;
And/or, the expression cassette comprises the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein contains a promoter, a nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein, and a terminator;
Or, the promoter is selected from TEF1 or MF1 or PGK1; the terminator is CYC1 or ADH1;
Or, the promoter is TEF1, and the terminator is CYC1;
Or, the promoter is F1, and the terminator is CYC1;
Or, the promoter is PGK1 and the terminator is ADH1.
Hereinbefore, the promoter TEF1 comprises the sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4; the promoter MF1 comprises the sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1; and the terminator CYC1 comprises the sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5.
In the above recombinant strain, the recombinant strain further expresses one or more marker genes; and/or the marker gene is selected from his3 or trp1.
In the above recombinant strain, the expression cassette comprising the nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase is introduced into the yeast via a vector expressing the expression cassette of the nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase.
The expression cassette comprising the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein is introduced into the yeast via a vector expressing the expression cassette comprising the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein.
In the above recombinant strain, the expression cassette of the nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase is introduced into the yeast in the form of plasmid;
Or, the expression cassette of the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein is introduced into the yeast in the form of plasmid and/or being integrated into a chromosome.
In the examples of the invention,
the fusion protein is selected from at least one of the following: SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS, SynSmFPS-YGQ-STpGMAS, SynSmFPS-PGGH (SEQ ID NO: 16)-STpGMAS, SynSmFPS-YRSQI (SEQ ID NO: 17)-STpGMAS, SynSmFPS-VIPFIS (SEQ ID NO: 18)-STpGMAS, SynSmFPS-FLYLKF (SEQ ID NO: 19)-STpGMAS, SynSmFPS-WRFSPKLQ (SEQ ID NO: 20)-STpGMAS, SynSmFPS-HHVQESQCISTV (SEQ ID NO: 21)-STpGMAS, SynSmFPS-WRFSPKLQ (SEQ ID NO: 20)-STpGMAS, ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2;
The fusion protein is preferably SynSmFPS-8A005-STpGMAS;
Particularly preferred fusion proteins are three kinds of fusion proteins: SynSmFPS-WRFSPKLQ (8A005) (SEQ ID NO: 20)-STpGMAS, ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2, SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS;
The expression cassette expressing the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein is selected from at least one of the following:

	P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-

	STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-YGQ-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-PGGH (SEQ ID NO: 16)-

	STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-YRSQI (SEQ ID NO: 17)-

	STpGMAS-T_CYC1

	P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-VIPFIS (SEQID NO: 18)-

	STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-FLYLKF (SEQ ID NO: 19)-

	STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-WRFSPKLQ (SEQ ID NO: 20)

	(8A005)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-HHVQESQCISTV (SEQ ID NO: 21)-

	STpGMAS-T_CYC1,
	or

	P_MF1-SynSmFPS-WRFSPKLQ (SEQ ID NO: 20)

	(8A005)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

The expression cassette expressing the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein is preferably P_MF1-SynSmFPS-8A005-STpGMAS-T_CYC1;
Particularly preferred expression cassettes expressing the nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein are the following three kinds: P_MF1-SynSmFPS-8A005-STpGMAS-T_CYC1, P_PGK1-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2-T_ADH1and P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1.
The vector expressing the expression cassette of the nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase is selected from the following:
pRS313-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,
pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1.
The vector expressing the expression cassette of the nucleic acid encoding the germacrene A synthetase is selected from the following:

	pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS

	(SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-YGQ-

	STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-PGGH

	(SEQ ID NO: 16)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-YRSQI

	(SEQ ID NO: 17)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	pRS425 -LEU2-P_TEF1P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-VIPFIS

	(SEQ ID NO: 18)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	pRS425 -LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-FLYLKF

	(SEQ ID NO: 19)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,

	pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-WRFSPKLQ

	(SEQ ID NO: 20)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,
	or

	pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-HHVQESQ

	CISTV (SEQ ID NO: 21)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1,
	or

	pRS425-LEU2-P_MF1-SynSmFPS-WRFSPKLQ

	(SEQ ID NO: 20)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1.

The above gene expression cassette of the fusion protein integrated into the chromosome is selected from P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1and P_PGK1-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2-T_ADH1.
In the above recombinant strain, the yeast is a strain obtained by increasing content and/or activity of alcohol dehydrogenase, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA synthetase in an original yeast.
The strain obtained by increasing the content and/or activity of alcohol dehydrogenase, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA synthetase in the original yeast relates to increasing copy numbers of a nucleic acid encoding the alcohol dehydrogenase, a nucleic acid encoding the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and a nucleic acid encoding the acetyl-CoA synthetase in the original yeast.
In the above recombinant strain, increasing copy numbers of the nucleic acid encoding the alcohol dehydrogenase, the nucleic acid encoding the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and the nucleic acid encoding the acetyl-CoA synthetase in the original yeast is introducing an expression cassette of the nucleic acid encoding the alcohol dehydrogenase, an expression cassette of the nucleic acid encoding the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, an expression cassette of the nucleic acid encoding the acetyl-CoA synthetase, and another said marker gene (his3) into the original yeast by homologous recombination.
In the above recombinant strain, the original yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae; and/or said Saccharomyces cerevisiae is Saccharomyces cerevisiae NK2-SQ.
One of the marker genes is TRP1; another of the marker genes is HIS3.
Gene ADH2 of the above alcohol dehydrogenase comprises the sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 6, gene ALD6 of the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase comprises the sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7, and gene ACS1 of the acetyl-CoA synthetase comprises the sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 8. Constructions of the recombinant strain and each of the required vectors and fragments of the present invention are shown in the examples.
In the examples of the invention, the recombinant strains are specifically as follows:
Recombinant strain ELE-001 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS313-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-002 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-011, which is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-012 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-3A001-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-013 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-4A001-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-014 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-5A002-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-015 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-6A005-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-016 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-6B004-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-017 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-8A005-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-018 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-12A003-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-019 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_MF1-SynSmFPS-8A005-STpGMAS-T_CYC1into yeast FPP-001;
Recombinant strain ELE-020 is a strain obtained by introducing pRS425-LEU2-P_MF1-SynSmFPS-8A005-STpGMAS-T_CYC1, and then introducing P_PGK1-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2-T_ADH1, P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1, rDNA-TRP1-up and rDNA-TRP1-down by homologous recombination into yeast FPP-001.
The above yeast FPP-001 is a strain obtained by introducing NDT80-HiS3-up, P_PGK1-ADH2-T_ADH1, P_TDH3-ACS1-T_TPI1, P_TEF1-ALD6-T_CYC1and NDT80-HIS3-down into Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Wherein, recombinant strain ELE-020 is Saccharomyces cerevisiae CGMCC No. 14829, which also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
This recombinant strain ELE-020 is deposited on Oct. 20, 2017 at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, CGMCC. The deposition address is Building 3, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The strain name is: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; the latin name thereof is: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; and the deposition number thereof is: CGMCC No. 14829.
The use of the above recombinant strain for the production of β-elemene and/or germacrene A also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing germacrene A.
The method provided by the invention includes the following steps: fermenting the above recombinant strain to obtain germacrene A.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing β-elemene.
The method provided by the invention includes the following steps:
1) Fermenting the recombinant strain to obtain a fermentation product;
2) Extracting the fermentation product with an organic solution, and collecting the organic phase;
3) Heating the organic phase to obtain β-elemene.
In the above methods, the fermentation relates to: firstly culturing the recombinant strain in a seed medium to obtain a seed liquid; then inoculating the seed liquid into a fermentation medium for fermentation culture, and recording a product of the fermentation culture as a fermentation system.
In the above methods, during the fermentation culture, a fed-batch medium is added into the fermentation system; preferably, when the dissolved oxygen value in the fermentation system is greater than 60%, a fed-batch medium is added into the fermentation system until glucose concentration of the fermentation system reaches 5 g/L.
In the above methods, a formulation of the seed medium and the fermentation medium contains per L volume: 25 g of glucose, 15 g of ammonium sulfate, 6.15 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.72 g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 8 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 mL of calcium chloride mother liquid, 10 mL of trace metal salt mother liquid; 12 mL of vitamin mother liquid, 1 g of tryptophan; and the balance of water.
The calcium chloride mother liquid is 19.2 g/L aqueous solution of calcium chloride dihydrate.
A formulation of the trace metal salt mother liquid contains per L volume: 19.1 g of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate; 10.2 g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate; 0.5 g of manganese chloride tetrahydrate; 0.86 g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate; 0.78 g of copper sulfate pentahydrate; 0.56 g of sodium molybdate dihydrate; 5.12 g of iron sulphite heptahydrate; and the balance of water.
The formulation of the vitamin mother liquid contains per L volume: 0.05 g of biotin; 0.2 g of sodium p-aminobenzoate; 1 g of niacin; 1 g of calcium pantothenate; 1 g pyridoxine hydrochloride; 1 g of thiamine hydrochloride; 25 g of inositol; and the balance of water.
The formulation of the fed-batch medium contains per L volume: 800 g of glucose, 5.125 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3.5 g of potassium sulfate, 0.28 g of sodium sulfate, 9 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1 g of tryptophan; and the balance of water.
Before the fermentation, the following steps are further included:
a) Activating the recombinant strain in a solid selective medium;
b) After a shaking culture in a liquid selective medium, transferring the recombinant strain into a seed medium for culturing to give a seed liquid.
Wherein, the solid or liquid selective medium is a SD-Ura-His-Leu medium.
The culture conditions in the above step b) are 30° C., 250 rpm; the inoculation step involves a flame loop inoculation.
Specifically, in the above fermentation method, the method for culturing the seed liquid is that: after the recombinant strain is activated, a monoclonal colony on the plate is picked up and inoculated into a test tube containing SD-Ura-His-Leu medium, and shaken at 250 rpm and cultured at 30° C. overnight; 500 μL of strain culture is pipetted into a 250 mL trigonal flask containing 50 mL of SD-Ura-His-Leu medium, and shaken at 250 rpm and cultured at 30° C. for 24 h; 2 mL of strain culture is respectively pipetted into three 1 L trigonal flasks containing 100 mL of seed medium, shaken at 250 rpm and cultured at 30° C. for 48 h.
In the above method for producing β-elemene, the organic solvent is n-dodecane; the heating condition is: heating at 100-380° C. for 1 hour.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

FIG. 1 shows the germacrene A biosynthetic pathway.

FIG. 2 is a GC-MS test chromatomap.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods.
Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available.
FIG. 1 shows the germacrene A biosynthetic pathway.

Example 1: Preparation of Target Genes and Plasmids Used

1. Preparation of Target Genes
(1) Acquisition of ADH2, ALD6, ASC1, MF1, TEF1 and CYC1
Genomic DNA of yeast NK2-SQ (China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, Lin Tingting, Wang Dong, Dai Zhubo, Zhang Xueli, Huang Luqi, 2016, 41(6): 1008-1015) was extracted as a template, and was amplified by using the primers required in the gene amplification in Table 1 to obtain ADH2, ALD6, ASC1 gene fragments with the expected size, promoter MF1, TEF1 and terminator CYCL.
PCR amplification kit TAKARA PrimeSTAR®HS DNApolymerase was used to formulate an amplification system (TAKARA). The amplification system included: 5×PS Buffer 10 μL, dNTPMix 4 μL, primers 1 μL for each, genomic DNA template 1 μL, PrimeSTAR®HS polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 minutes (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 55° C. for 15 sec, extension at 72° C. for 2.5 min (30 cycles); and extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle).

TABLE 1

Primer sequences

Gene	Primer	Primer sequence
fragment	name	□ 5′→3′□

ADH2	SexA1-ADH2	GCGACCWGGTATGTCTATTCCAGAA
		ACTCAAAAAGC
		(SEQ ID NO: 22)

	ADH2-Asc1	GCGGCGCGCCTTATTTAGAAGTGT
		CAACAACGTATC
		(SEQ ID NO: 23)

ALD6	SexA1-ALD6	TCGCGACCWGGTAAAACAATGACT
		AAGCTACACTTTGAC
		(SEQ ID NO: 24)

	ALD6-Asc1	TCGCGGCGCGCCTTACAACTTA
		ATTCTGACAGCT
		(SEQ ID NO: 25)

ACS 1	SexA1-ACS 1	TCGCGACCWGGTAAAACAATGTCGC
		CCTCTGCCGTACAATC
		(SEQ ID NO: 26)

	ACS 1-Asc 1	TCGCGGCGCGCCTTACAACTTGAC
		CGAATCAATTAG
		(SEQ ID NO: 27)

TEF1	Sac11-TEF 1	GCGCCGCGGAGTGATCCCCCAC
		ACACCATAGCTT
		(SEQ ID NO: 28)

	TEFl-SexA1	TGGCGACCWGGTTTTGTAATTAAA
		ACTTAGATTAGA
		(SEQ ID NO: 29)

MF1	BamH1-	GCGGGATCCGGGAAGACATGCT
	pMF1	TAACAAGAAGAT
		(SEQ ID NO: 30)

	pMF1-SexA1	GCGACCTGGTTCTTTTAATCGTT
		TATATTGTGTAT
		(SEQ ID NO: 31)

CYC1	Asc1-CYC1	GCGGCGCGCCCCGCTGATCC
		TAGAGGGCCGCATCA
		(SEQ ID NO: 32)

	CYC1-Sac 11	GCGCCGCGGGCGCGTTGGCC
		GATTCATTAATGCA
		(SEQ ID NO: 33)

(2) Acquisition of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase Gene SynSmFPS from Salvia miltiorrhiza and Germacrene A Synthetase Gene STpGMA from Tanacetum parthenium
Nanjing GenScript Biotechnology Co., Ltd. designed full-length primers according to the sequences of SynSmFPS (SEQ ID NO: 2, derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza) and STpGMAS (SEQ ID NO: 3, derived from Tanacetum parthenium) genes, and the template DNA was formed by using OVERLAP method. The double-stranded DNAs of SynSmFPS (SEQ ID NO: 2) and STpGMAS (SEQ ID NO: 3) were obtained by PCR amplification method, and then the PCR products were transformed and cloned into a cloning vector pUC57 (Nanjing GenScript Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), and cloning plasmids of pUC57-SynSmFPS and pUC57-STpGMAS containing SynSmFPS gene and STpGMAS gene were constructed, respectively.
(3) Acquisition of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase Gene ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15) from Yeast and Germacrene A Synthetase Gene GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2 from Lettuce
200 mg of lettuce leaves was taken and ground with liquid nitrogen, and then total RNA thereof was extracted by CTAB method (Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide method): 1 ml of 2*CTAB extract (2% CTAB, 100 mM of Tris-HCl PH 8.0, 20 mM of EDTA solution (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid), and 1.4M NaCl solution) was added into a 1.5 ml centrifuge tube. After being pre-heated at 65° C., 20 μL of 2-mercaptoethanol was added, and a small amount of lettuce leaf powder (about 50 mg) was added thereto, and then they were mixed well and kept at 65° C. for 10 min, shaken 5 times, centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min under 4° C.; the resulted supernatant was removed, extracted with an equal volume of chloroform/isoamyl alcohol, centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min under 4° C.; the obtained supernatant was removed, extracted with an equal volume of chloroform/isoamyl alcohol, centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min under 4° C.; the resulted supernatant was removed, extracted with 1/6 volume of chloroform/isoamyl alcohol, centrifuged at 15,000 rpm for 30 min under 4° C.; the obtained supernatant was removed, to which 1/4 volume of 10 mol/L LiCl was added, kept at 4° C. overnight, centrifuged at 15,000 rpm for 30 min under 4° C.; the supernatant was discarded, and the obtained precipitate was washed twice with 75% ethanol and washed once with absolute ethanol, and placed on the super-clean bench for 15 min (room temperature); it was dissolved in 20 μL of milliQ DEPC-treated water (the solvent was milliQ pure water and the solute was diethyl pyrocarbonate, and the volume ratio diethyl pyrocarbonate:water was 1:1000), to which 1/10 volume of 2 mol/L NaAC (pH 4.0) and 2 volumes of absolute ethanol were added, kept at −20° C. for 2 h, and centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min under 4° C.; the resulted supernatant was discarded, and the obtained precipitate was washed twice with 75% ethanol and washed once with absolute ethanol, placed on a super-clean bench for 15 min (room temperature), to which 15 μL of milliQ DEPC-treated water was added to fully dissolve the precipitate, and stored at −70° C.
First-strand reverse transcription-PCR: a RNase-free PCR tube was taken, and the system was formulated according to a first strand reverse transcription kit (TaKaRa Biotechnology (Dalian) Co., Ltd.): Radom 6 Mers 2 μL, dNTP 1 μL, total RNA 1 μL (200 ng), H₂O 6 μL, Total 10 μL; a transient centrifugation was performed; PCR was carried out at 65° C. for 5 min; quenching it on ice and then adding the same into the following system for reaction (coming with the first chain reverse transcription kit): 5*primer Buffer 4 μL, RNAs Inhibiter 0.5 μL, R-Transcription 1 μL, H₂O 4.5 μL; transient centrifugation was performed, and a reaction was performed in a PCR instrument: 30° C. for 10 min, 42° C. for 60 min, 70° C. for 15 min, and kept at 4° C.
NK2-SQ genomic DNA and lettuce cDNA were used as templates, respectively, and amplified by using the primers in Table 2 to obtain about 1068 bp of ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15) (the one of positions 13-1686 in SEQ ID NO: 11 was ERG20) and 1688 bp of GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2 (the one of positions 1-1056 in SEQ. ID NO. 12 was LsLTC2).
The system was formulated according to the PCR amplification kit Phusion High-Fidelity PCR Master Mix with HF Buffer (purchased from NEB (Beijing) Co., Ltd.). The amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA template 20 ng, primers (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. Amplification conditions: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for imin 30 cycles); and extension at 72° C. for 10 min 1 cycle).

TABLE 2

Primer sequences

Gene	Primer	Primer
fragment	name	sequence (5′→3′)

ERG20-GGGS	SEXA1-ERG20	GCGACCWGGTAAAACAAT
(SEQ ID		GGCTTCAGAAAAAGAAATT
NO: 15)		AGGAGD
		□ SEQ ID NO: 34□

	ERG20-GGGS	CTTTCCCATAGAACCACCA
	(SEQ ID	CCCTATTTGCTTCTCTTGT
	NO: 15)	AAACTTTG
		□ SEQ ID NO: 35□

GGGS	GGGS (SEQ ID	GGTGGTGGTTCTATGGCA
(SEQ ID	NO: 15)-	GCAGTTGACACTAA
NO: 15)-	LSLTC2	□ SEQ ID NO: 36□
LSLTC2

	LSLTC2-ASC1	GCGGGCGCGCCTTACATGGA
		TACAGAACCAACAAAT
		□ SEQ ID NO: 37□

2. Construction of Recombinant Plasmids
(1) Plasmid pM2-ADH2
ADH2 obtained through amplification in the above “1. Preparation of target genes” and plasmid pM2-tHMG1 (described in Chinese patent ZL201310399947.X) were double enzyme digested by using SexA1 (purchased from NEB (Beijing) Co., Ltd.) and Asc1 (purchased from NEB (Beijing) Co., Ltd.) to obtain 1052 bp of ADH2 enzyme-digested product and 4738 bp of enzyme-digested plasmid pM2-tHMG1 backbone; the ADH2 enzyme-digested product was then ligated with the enzyme-digested plasmid pM2-tHMG1 backbone to obtain the recombinant plasmid pM2-ADH2.
(2) Plasmid pM4-ACS1
ACS1 obtained through amplification in the above “1. Preparation of target genes” and plasmid pM4-AtCPR1 (described in Chinese patent ZL201310399947.X) were double enzyme digested by using SexA1 and Asc1 to obtain 2201 bp of ACS1 enzyme-digested product and 5061 bp of enzyme-digested plasmid pM4-AtCPR1 backbone; the ACS1 enzyme-digested product was then ligated with the enzyme-digested plasmid pM4-AtCPR1 backbone to obtain the recombinant plasmid pM4-ACS1.
(3) Plasmid pM3-ALD6
ALD6 obtained through amplification in the above “1. Preparation of target genes” and plasmid pM3-ERG9 (described in Chinese patent ZL201310399947.X) were double enzyme digested by using SexA1 and Asc1 to obtain 1511 bp of ALD6 enzyme-digested product and 4598 bp of enzyme-digested plasmid pM3-ERG9 backbone; the ALD6 enzyme-digested product was then ligated with the enzyme-digested plasmid pM3-ERG9 backbone to obtain the recombinant plasmid pM3-ALD6.
(4) Construction of Plasmids pRS313-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1and pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1
TEF1 obtained through amplification in the above “1. Preparation of target genes” was enzyme digested by using SexA1, and 440 bp of TEF1 enzyme-digested product was obtained;
CYC1 obtained through amplification in the above “1. Preparation of target genes” was enzyme digested by using Asc1, and 322 bp of CYC1 enzyme-digested product was obtained;
pUC57-STpGMAS was enzyme digested by using SexA1 and Asc1, and 1694 bp of STpGMAS was recovered.
50 ng of each of the enzyme-digested products TEF1, CYC1 and STpGMAS was added into a ligation system including: 2 μL of 10×T4 DNA Ligase Reaction Buffer (NEB), 1 μL of T4 DNA Ligase (NEB, 400,000 cohesive end units/ml), distilled water supplemented to 20 μL; they reacted at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a ligation product.
1 μL of the ligation product was added into a PCR system (Phusion High-Fidelity PCR Master Mix with HF Buffer kit, NEB) including: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA template 20 ng, and primers Sac11-TEF1 and CYC1-Sac11 (10 μM) in Table 3, 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for 1.5 min (30 cycles); and extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle). 2456 bp of PCR amplification product was obtained.
The amplification product was purified, and then enzyme digested by using SacII. The target fragment SacII-TEF1-STpGMAS-CYC1-Sac was recovered from gel, and prepared to use.
Plasmids pRS313 (Sikorski, R. S. and Hieter, P. 1989, Genetics 122 (1): 19-27) and pRS425 (Sikorski, R. S. and Hieter, P. 1989, Genetics 122 (1): 19-27) were enzyme digested with SacII, respectively, and 4967 bp of pRS313 vector fragment and 6849 bp of pRS425 vector fragment were obtained; 4 μL of NEB buffer and 1 μL of CIP dephosphorylation enzyme (NEB) were then added, and distilled water was supplemented to 40 μL; it was treated at 37° C. for 1 h, and EDTA with the final concentration of 10 μmol was added; it was kept at 65° C. for 30 min to terminate the reaction, and pRS313-SacII vector fragment and pRS425-SacII vector fragment were recovered from gel.
50 ng of each of the vector fragments pRS313-SacII, pRS425-SacII and SacII-TEF1-STpGMAS-CYC1-SacII obtained in the above step “1. Preparation of target genes” were respectively added into a ligation system including: 2 μL 10×T4 DNA Ligase Reaction Buffer (NEB)), 1 μL T4 DNA Ligase (NEB, 400,000 cohesive end units/ml), distilled water supplemented to 20 μL; they reacted at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain the ligation product, which was transferred into Trans10 competent cells and verified by sequencing, and thus plasmids pRS313-HIS3-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1and pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1were obtained.
Using plasmid pRS313-HIS3-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1as a template, 6692 bp of plasmid pRS313-TEF1-STpGMAS-CYC1 backbone was amplified by using the primers in Table 3.
Using pRS425 as a template, LEU2 (1808 bp) was amplified by using the primers in Table 3.
The amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA template 20 ng, primers (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for 4 min (30 cycles); and extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle). The target fragment was purified from gel. 2 μL of 10×T4 DNA Ligase Reaction Buffer (NEB) and 1 μL of T4 Polynucleotide kinase (NEB) were added into the product of LEU2 fragment, and distilled water was supplemented to a total volume of 20 μL. A phosphorylation was performed at 37° C. for 1 h, and it was ligated to pRS313-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1by T4 DNA ligase (NEB) after being recovered from gel, transformed, and verified by sequencing to obtain plasmid pRS313-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1.

TABLE 3

Primer sequences

		Primer
Gene	Primer	sequence
fragment	name	□ 5′→3′□

TEF1-STpGMAS-	Sac11-TEF1	GCGCCGCGGAGTGATCC
CYC1		CCCACACACCATAGCTT
		(SEQ ID NO: 28)

	CYC1-Sac11	GCGCCGCGGGCGCGTTG
		GCCGATTCATTAATGCA
		(SEQ ID NO: 33)

pRS313-TEF1-	V313-to-R	CTTTGCCTTCGTTTATC
STpGMAS-		TTGC
CYC1		(SEQ ID NO: 38)

	V313-to-F	TATATGTATACCTA
		TGAATGTCAG
		(SEQ ID NO: 39)

LEU2	Bsp-Leu-F	TGGcgTCCGGATTAAGC
		AAGGATTTTCTTAACTT
		CTTC
		(SEQ ID NO: 40)

	Bsp-Leu-R	TGGcgTCCGGAGATGC
		GGTATTTTCTCCTTAC
		GCA (SEQ ID NO: 41)

(5) Construction of Plasmid pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1
Using pUC57-SynSmFPS and pUC57-STpGMAS as templates, 1080 bp of SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15) and 1704 bp of GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS were obtained by amplification using the primers in Table 4.
The amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA template 20 ng, primers (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for 1 min (30 cycles); extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle). SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15) and GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS were used together as templates, and 2767 bp of SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS fragment was obtained by amplification using the primers in Table 4 (SexA1-SynSmFPS and STpGMAS-Asc1).
The amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA templates SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15) and GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS 20 ng for each, primers (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for 2 min (30 cycles); extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle).
The amplification product was purified, and then enzyme digested with SexA1 and Asc1, and the target fragment SexA1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-Asc1 (2760 bp) was recovered from gel, and prepared to use.
The plasmid pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1constructed in the above item “(4)” was enzyme digested with SexA1 and Asc1, and the 7602 bp large fragment was recovered from gel, so as to obtain the vector pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1- . . . -T_CYC1; 50 ng of each of the vectors pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1- . . . -T_CYC1and SexA1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-Asc1 was added into the ligation system including: 2 μL 10×T4 DNA Ligase Reaction Buffer (NEB), 1 μL T4 DNA Ligase (NEB, 400,000 cohesive end units/ml), and distilled water supplemented to 20 μL; they reacted at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a ligation product which was transferred into Trans10 competent cells, the plasmid was extracted and verified by sequencing, and plasmid pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1was obtained.

TABLE 4

Primer sequences

		Primer
Gene	Primer	sequence
fragment	name	□ 5′→3′□

SynSmFPS-GGGS	SexA1-	ACCTGGTAAAACAATGGC
(SEQ ID	SynSmFPS	TAATTTGAATGGTGAATC
NO: 15)		(SEQ ID NO: 42)

	SynSmFPS-GGGS	TGCTGCCATAGAACCACC
	SEQ ID NO: 15)	ACCTTTTTGTCTTTTATAG
		ATTTTACC
		(SEQ ID NO: 43)

GGGS	GGGS	GGTGGTGGTTCTATGGCA
(SEQ ID	(SEQ ID NO: 5)	GCAGTACAAGCAACCAC
NO: 15)-	-STpGMAS	(SEQ ID NO: 44)
STpGMAS

	STpGMAS-Asc1	GGCGCGCCTCAGACTGG
		CAAGGAATCTA
		(SEQ ID NO: 45)

SynSmFPS-	SexA1-	ACCTGGTAAAACAATGGC
GGGS	SynSmFPS	TAATTTGAATGGTGAATC
(SEQ ID		(SEQ ID NO: 42)
NO: 15)-
STpGMAS

	STpGMAS-Asc1	GGCGCGCCTCAGACTGG
		CAAGGAATCTA
		(SEQ ID NO: 45)

(6) Construction of Plasmid pRS425-LEU2-P_MF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1
MF1 obtained in the above “1. Preparation of target genes” and plasmid pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1constructed in the above item “(5)” were double enzyme digested by using BamHI (purchased from TaKaRa) and SexA1, respectively. 814 bp target promoter gene MF1 and 9898 bp vector fragment pRS425-LEU2- . . . -SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1were purified from gel and the two (50 ng for each) were added into a ligation system including: 2 μL 10×T4 DNA Ligase Reaction Buffer (NEB), 1 μL T4 DNA Ligase (NEB, 400,000 cohesive end units/ml), and distilled water supplemented to 20 μL; they reacted at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain the ligation product which was transformed into Trans10 competent cells, and the plasmid was extracted and verified by sequencing. The plasmid obtained accordant with the correct sequence was named as pRS425-LEU2-P_MF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1.
(7) Construction of Plasmid pM2-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2
Using ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15) and GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2 together as templates, an ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2 fragment of about 2744 bp was obtained by amplification using the primers (SexA1-ERG20 and LsLTC2-Asc1) in Table 5.
The amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA templates ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15) and GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2 20 ng for each, primers (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for 2 min (30 cycles); and extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle). The amplification product was purified, and then enzyme digested with SexA1 and Asc1, and the target fragment SexA1-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2-Asc1 (about 2744 bp) was recovered from gel, and then ligated with the enzyme-digested plasmid vector pM2-tHMG1 backbone, so as to obtain the recombinant plasmid pM2-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2.

TABLE 5

Primer sequences

	Primer	Primer sequence
Gene fragment	name	□ 5′→3′□

ERG20-GGGS	SEXA1-	GCGACCWGGTAAAACAATGGCT
(SEQ ID	ERG20	TCAGAAAAAGAAATTAGGAG
NO: 15)		(SEQ ID NO: 34)

	ERG20-	CTTTCCCATAGAACCACCACCC
	GGGS	TATTTGCTTCTCTTGTAAACTT
	(SEQ ID	TG
	NO: 15)	(SEQ ID NO: 35)

GGGS (SEQ ID NO:	GGGS	GGTGGTGGTTCTATGGCAGCAG
15)-LSLTC2	(SEQ ID	TTGACACTAA
	LSLTC2	(SEQ ID NO: 36)
	NO: 15)

	LSLTC2-	GCGGGCGCGCCTTACATGGATA
	ASC1	CAGAACCAACAAAT (SEQ
		ID NO: 37)

ERG20-GGGS	SEXA1-	GCGACCWGGTAAAACAATGGCT
(SEQ ID	ERG20	TCAGAAAAAGAAATTAGGAG
NO: 15)-STPGMAS		(SEQ ID NO: 34)

	LSLTC2-	GCGGGCGCGCCTTACATGGAT
	ASC1	ACAGAACCAACAAAT (SEQ
		ID NO: 37)

(8) Construction of Plasmid pEASY-NDT80-HIS3
Using NK2-SQ genomic DNA and pRS313 as templates, 1252 bp of NDT80 (SEQ ID NO: 13) and 1168 bp of HIS3 (SEQ ID NO: 14) were obtained by amplification using the primers in Table 6.
The amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA template 20 ng, primers (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for 1 min (30 cycles); and extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle).
The amplification product NDT80 was cloned into pEASY-Blunt Simple cloning vector (pEASY cloning vector, Beijing TransGen Biotech Co., Ltd.), transformed into Trans10 competent cells, and the plasmid was extracted and verified by sequencing, and thus plasmid pEASY-NDT80 was obtained.

TABLE 6

Primers

Gene	Primer		Primer sequence
fragment	name	Template	□ 5′→3′□

NDT80	NDT80-up-	Genomic	GCGGTTTAAACGTTCGAC
	PmeI	DNA	CATATTGATGAAGAGTGGG
			TAGG(SEQ ID NO: 46)

	NDT80-	NK2-SQ	CTGTTCCATTGATTTCTTC
	down		TCTATTGTTATATC
			(SEQ ID NO: 47)

HIS3	Bsp-HIS-F	pRS313	TGGCGTCCGGATCGCGCGT
			TTCGGTGATGACGG
			(SEQ ID NO: 48)

	Pme1-HIS-R		GCGGTTTAAACGTGTCACT
			ACATAAGAACACCT
			(SEQ ID NO: 49)

pEASY-NDT80 was enzyme digested by using PmeI (purchased from NEB (Beijing) Co., Ltd.), and 5122 bp target fragment (30 ng) was purified from gel, 4 μL NEB buffer (reaction buffer, purchased from NEB (Beijing) Co., Ltd.) and 1 μL CIP dephosphorylation enzyme (NEB) were added, and distilled water was supplemented to 40 μL; it was treated at 37° C. for 1 h, to which EDTA at a final concentration of 10 μmol was added, and it was kept at 65° C. for 30 min to terminate the reaction. 5122 bp target fragment pEASY-NDT80 was recovered from gel, and prepared to use.
HIS3 (30 ng) was purified from gel, 4 μL of 10×T4 DNA Ligase Reaction Buffer (NEB) and 1 μL of T4 Polynucleotide kinase (NEB) were added, and distilled water was supplemented to 40 μL, and it was phosphorylated at 37° C. for 1 h. After being recovered from gel, it was ligated with pEASY-NDT80 by using T4 DNA ligase (NEB), transformed into Trans10 competent cells, and verified by sequencing to obtain plasmid pEASY-NDT80-HIS3.
The information of plasmids constructed above was shown in Table 7 below:

TABLE 7

Plasmid Information

Plasmid name	Basic information

pM2-ADH2	Containing P_PGK1-ADH2-T_ADH1cassette
pM4-ACS1	Containing P_TDH3-ACS1-T_TPI1cassette
pM3-ALD6	Containing P_TEF1-ALD6-T_CYC1cassette
pRS313-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	Containing P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-T_CYC1
	cassette, LEU2, low-copy plasmid
pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	Containing P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-T_CYC1cassette, LEU2,
	high-copy plasmid
pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS	Containing P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ
(SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1cassette, LEU2,
	high-copy plasmid
pRS425-LEU2-P_MF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS	Containing P_MF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID
(SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1cassette, LEU2,
	high-copy plasmid
pEASY-NDT80-HIS3	NDT80, HIS3

(9) Construction of Plasmid pEASY-rDNA-TRP1
Using NK2-SQ genomic DNA and pRS314 (Sikorski, R. S. and Hieter, P. 1989, Genetics 122(1): 19-27) as templates, respectively, rDNA (SEQ ID NO: 9) and TRP1 (SEQ ID NO: 10) were obtained by amplification using the primers in Table 8.
The amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA template 20 ng, primers (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.51 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for Imin (30 cycles); and extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle) The amplification product rDNA was cloned into pEASY-Blunt Simple cloning vector and transformed into Trans10 competent cells, and the plasmid was extracted and verified by sequencing, so as to obtain plasmid pEASY-rDNA.

TABLE 8

Primers

Gene	Primer		Primer sequence
fragment	name	Template	□ 5′→3′□

rDNA	rDNA-up-F	Genomic	ATGAGAGTAGCAAACGT
		DNA of	AAGTCT
		NK2-SQ	(SEQ ID NO: 50)

	rDNA-R-PmeI		GCGGTTTAAACTTTCCT
			CTAATCAGGTTCCACCA
			(SEQ ID NO: 51)

TRP1	BSP-TRP1-F	pRS314	TGGCGTCCGGATACAAT
			CTTGATCCGGAGCT
			(SEQ ID NO: 52)

	BSP-TRP1-R		TGGCGTCCGGACACAAA
			CAATACTTAAATAAATA
			C(SEQ ID NO: 53)

pEASY-rDNA was enzyme digested by using PmeI, and 5122 bp target fragment (30 ng) was purified from gel, 4 μL NEB buffer and 1 μL CIP dephosphorylation enzyme (NEB) was added, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 40 μL; it was treated at 37° C. for 1 h, to which EDTA at a final concentration of 10 μmol was added, and it was kept at 65° C. for 30 min to terminate the reaction. 5122 bp target fragment pEASY-rDNA was recovered from gel, and prepared to use. TRP1 (30 ng) was purified from gel, 4 μL of 10×T4 DNA Ligase Reaction Buffer (NEB) and 1 μL of T4 Polynucleotide kinase (NEB) were added, and distilled water was supplemented to a total volume of 40 μL, and it was phosphorylated at 37° C. for 1 h. After being recovered from gel, it was ligated with pEASY-rDNA by using T4 DNA ligase (NEB), transformed into Trans10 competent cells, and verified by sequencing, and thus plasmid pEASY-rDNA-TRP1 was obtained.

Example 2: Construction of Recombinant Strains

1. Preparation of Yeast Competent Cells
The original strains were respectively cultured in the corresponding medium (Table 13) at 30° C., 250 rpm overnight. 1 mL of the culture suspension (with OD around 0.6-10) was added into a 1.5 mL EP tube, centrifuged at 10,000 g for imin under 4° C.; the resulted supernatant was discarded, the precipitate was washed with sterile water (4° C.) and centrifuged under the same conditions; and the resulted supernatant was discarded. 1 mL of a treatment solution (10 mM LiAc (lithium acetate); 10 mM DTT (dithiothreitol); 0.6M sorbitol; 10 mM Tris-HCl (tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride buffer, pH7.5), DTT was added immediately before using the treatment solution) was added into the yeast, and it was kept at 25° C. for 20 min. After centrifugation, the supernatant was discarded, and 1 mL of 1M sorbitol (filtered and sterilized through a 0.22 m aqueous membrane) was added to re-suspend the yeast, then it was centrifuged, and the supernatant was discarded (re-suspended twice with 1M sorbitol) until the final volume became about 90 μL.
2. Construction of Strain FPP-001
1) Preparation of NDT80-HIS3-Up, P_PGK1-ADH2-T_ADH1, P_TDH3-ACS1-T_TPI1, P_TEF1-ALD6-T_CYC1and NDT80-HIS3-Down
P_PGK1-ADH2-T_ADH1, P_TDH3-ACS1-T_TPI1, and P_TEF1-ALD6-T_CYC1were expression cassettes carrying alcohol dehydrogenase 2, acetyl-CoA synthetase 1, and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 6, respectively; NDT80-HIS3-up and NDT80-HIS3-down were the upstream and downstream homology arms of HIS3, respectively; the fragments were respectively amplified according to the following methods:
The functional modules were obtained by PCR using the templates and primers of PCR described in Table 9, respectively: 698 bp M1 (NDT80-HIS3-up), 2081 bp M2 (P_PGK1-ADH2-T_ADH1), 3519 bp M3 (P_TDH3-ACS1-T_TPI1), 2376 bp M4 (P_TEF1-ALD6-T_CYC1), 1835 bp M5 (NDT80-HIS3-down).
The amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA template 20 ng, primers (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for 2 min (30 cycles); extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 Cycle). The product was recovered from gel and stored.

TABLE 9

Primers

		Amplifi-
	PCR	cation
	tem-	fragment	Primer	Primer sequence
Module	plate	name	name	□ 5′→3′□

M1	pEASY-	NDT80-	X1-M-	CTTGCAAATGCCTATTGT
	NDT80-	HIS3-	pEASY-	GCAGATGTTATAATATCT
	HIS3	UP	r-t-F	GTGCGTTTAATTAAGGCT
				CGTATGTTGTGTGGAATT
				GT(SEQ ID NO: 54)

			NDT80-	CTGGCTTTAAAAAATGGA
			interg-2	TAAAAAGGGATG(SEQ
				ID NO: 55)

M2	PM2-	P_PGK1-	1-M-	CTGTTTCCTGTGTGAAAT
	ADH2	ADH2-	pEASY-	TGTTATCCGCTCACAATT
		T_ADH1	PGK1-F	CCACACAACATACGAGCC
				TTAATTAAACGCACAGAT
				ATTATAAC(SEQ ID
				NO: 56)

			3G-1-M-	CCTCCGCGTCATTAAACT
			ADHt-	TCTTGTTGTTGACGCTAA
			TDH3-R	CATTCAACGCTAGTATTC
				GGCATGCCGGTAGAGGTG
				TGG
				(SEQ ID NO: 57)

M3	PM4-	P_TDH3-	3G-3-M-	CAGGTATAGCATGAGGTC
	ACS1	ACS1-	ADHt-	GCTCTTATTGACCACACC
		T_TPI1	TDH3-F	TCTACCGGCATGCCGAAT
				ACTAGCGTTGAATGTTAG
				CGTC
				(SEQ ID NO: 58)

			3G-3-M-	AGGAGTAGAAACATTTTG
			TPI1t-	AAGCTATGGTGTGTGGGG
			TEF1-R	GATCACTTTAATTAATCT
				ATATAACAGTTGAAATTT
				GGA(SEQ ID NO: 59)

M4	PM3-	P_TEF1-	3G-2-M-	GTCATTTTCGCGTTGAGA
	ALD6	ALD6-	TPI1t-	AGATGTTCTTATCCAAAT
		T_CYC1	TEF1-F	TTCAACTGTTATATAGAT
				TAATTAAAGTGATCCCCC
				ACAC(SEQ ID NO: 60)

			M-CYC1-	CGTATTACAATTCACTGG
			pEASY-R	CCGTCGTTTTACAACGTC
				GTGACTGGGAAAACCCTG
				GCGCGTTGGCCGATTCAT
				TAATGC(SEQID
				NO: 61)
M5	PEASY-	NDT80-	NDT80-	CATCATAAGGAATTCCGG
	NDT80-	HIS3-	interg-	GATTCTCCCCAT (SEQ
	HIS3	down	1	ID NO: 62)
			X2-M-	CGAAGGCTTTAATTTGCA
			pEASY-	AGCTGCGGCCCTGCATTA
			r-t-R	ATGAATCGGCCAACGCGC
				CAGGGTTTTCCCAGTCAC
				GACGTTG(SEQID
				NO: 63)

2) Construction of Strain FPP-001
Original strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae NK2-SQ was cultured in a SD-Ura liquid medium (0.8% yeast selective medium SD-Ura-Trp-His (Beijing FunGenome Technology Co., Ltd.), 2% glucose, 0.005% His, 0.01% Trp) overnight, followed by being prepared into competent cells. Then, the transformation fragments M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 in Table 9 were added in a total amount of 5 μg (molar ratio=1:1:1:1:1), mixed well and transferred to an electric shock cup, electrically shocked at 2.7 kv for 5.7 ms, to which 1 mL of 1M sorbitol was added, and it was resuscitated at 30° C. for 1 h, and spread onto a SD-Ura-His medium and cultured at 30° C. for 36 h or more. The ingredients in the screening medium composition were: 0.8% yeast selective medium SD-Ura-Trp-His (Beijing FunGenome Technology Co., Ltd.), 2% glucose, and 0.01% Trp. The true positive clone was identified by PCR, and named as strain FPP-001.
3 Construction of Strains ELE-001 and ELE-002
Original strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae FPP-001 was cultured in a SD-Ura-His liquid medium overnight, followed by being prepared into competent cells. Then, plasmids pRS313-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1and pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1were respectively added, mixed well and transferred into an electric shock cup, electrically shocked at 2.7 kv for 5.7 ms, to which 1 mL of 1M sorbitol was added, and it was resuscitated at 30° C. for 1 h, and spread onto a SD-Ura-His-Leu medium and cultured at 30° C. for 36 h or more. The ingredients in the screening medium composition were: 0.8% yeast selective medium SD-Ura-Trp-His (Beijing FunGenome Technology Co., Ltd.), 2% glucose, and 0.01% Trp. The true positive clone was identified by PCR, and named as strains ELE-001 (into which plasmid pRS313-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1was transferred) and ELE-002 (into which plasmid pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1was transferred), respectively.
4 Construction of Strain ELE-011
FPP-001 competent cells were prepared according to the steps in the above item 3. Then, plasmid pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1was added thereto, mixed well and transferred into an electric shock cup, electrically shocked at 2.7 kv for 5.7 ms, to which 1 mL of 1M sorbitol was added, and it was resuscitated at 30° C. for 1 h, and spread onto a SD-Ura-His-Leu medium and cultured at 30° C. for 36 h or more. The true positive clone was identified by PCR, and named as strain ELE-011.
Construction of Strains ELE-012 to ELE-019
Using plasmid pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1as a template, PCR amplification was performed by using the primers of Table 11 to obtain the amplification products corresponding to different primers. Then, the amplification products corresponding to different primers were respectively transferred into yeast FPP-001 for carrying out its own homologous recombination, and recombinant strains ELE-012 to ELE-018 were obtained, respectively. The linker peptide GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15) of the fusion protein SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS in the vector were replaced with 3A001, 4A001, 5A002, 6A005, 6B004, 8A005, 12A003, respectively (as shown in Table 10).
Using plasmid pRS425-LEU2-P_MF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1as a template, PCR amplification was performed by using the primers with the linker peptide of 8A005 in Table 10 (Table 11) to obtain the amplification products corresponding to different primers. Then, the amplification products corresponding to the different primers were respectively transferred into yeast FPP-001 for carrying out its own homologous recombination, and recombinant strain ELE-019 was obtained. The linker peptide GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15) of the fusion protein SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS in the vector was replaced with 8A005.
Table 10 Showing the nucleotide sequences and amino acid sequences of linker peptide


Linker	Nucleotide	Amino acid
peptide	sequence	sequence of
name	(5′→3′)	linker peptide

3A001	TACGGTCAG	YGQ

4A001	CCGGGGGGACAC	PGGH
	(SEQ ID NO: 64)	(SEQ ID NO: 16)

5A002	TATAGAAGTCAAATC	YRSQI
	(SEQ ID NO: 65)	(SEQ ID NO: 17)

6A005	GTGATACCTTTTATTTCA	VIPFIS
	(SEQ ID NO: 66)	(SEQ ID NO: 18)

6B004	TTTTTGTATCTTAAGTTT	FLYLKF
	(SEQ ID NO: 67)	(SEQ ID NO: 19)

8A005	TGGCGGTTCTCGCCGA	WRFSPKLQ
	AGCTTCAG	(SEQ ID NO: 20)
	(SEQ ID NO: 68)

12A003	CACCACGTGCAGGAGTCA	HHVQESQCISTV
	CAATGTATTTCCACAG
	TG(SEQ ID NO: 69)	(SEQ ID NO: 21)

The specific reaction conditions were as follows:
The above amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA template 20 ng, primers (as shown in Table 11) (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for 5.5 min (30 cycles); extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle).
The amplification product was digested by using DpnI enzyme from Fermentas Company after being purified. The system thereof included: 5× Fast Digest Green Buffer 4 μL, purified product 34 μL, DpnI 2 μL. The enzyme digestion temperature and reaction time were 37° C. and 1 h, respectively. Finally, it was recovered from gel and stored.

TABLE 11

Primers

		Primer
Linker	Primer	sequence
peptide	name	(5′→3′)

3A001	50 bp-	CAAGCAGTTTTGAAATCATTTTTG
	3A001-	GGTAAAATCTATAAAAGACAAAAA
	STpGmA	TACGGTCAGATGGCAGCAGTACAA
		GCAACCAC (SEQ ID NO: 70)

	SynSmFPS-	TTTTTGTCTTTTATAGATTTTACC
	Linker-R	(SEQ ID NO: 71)

4A001	50 bp-	CAAGCAGTTTTGAAATCATTTTTG
	4A001-	GGTAAAATCTATAAAAGACAAAAA
	STpGmA	CCGGGGGGACACATGGCAGCAGTA
		CAAGCAACCAC
		(SEQ ID NO: 72)

	SynSmFPS-	TTTTTGTCTTTTATAGATTTTACC
	Linker-R	(SEQ ID NO: 71)

5A002	50 bp-	CAAGCAGTTTTGAAATCATTTTTG
	5A002-	GGTAAAATCTATAAAAGACAAAAA
	STpGmA	TATAGAAGTCAAATCATGGCAGCA
		GTACAAGCAACCAC
		(SEQ ID NO: 73)

	SynSmFPS-	TTTTTGTCTTTTATAGATTTTACC
	Linker-R	(SEQ ID NO: 71)

6A005	50 bp-	CAAGCAGTTTTGAAATCATTTTTG
	6A005-	GGTAAAATCTATAAAAGACAAAAA
	STpGmA	GTGATACCTTTTATTTCAATGGCA
		GCAGTACAAGCAACCAC
		(SEQ ID NO: 74)

	SynSmFPS-	TTTTTGTCTTTTATAGATTTTACC
	Linker-R	(SEQ ID NO: 71)

6B004	50 bp-	CAAGCAGTTTTGAAATCATTTTTGG
	6B004-	GTAAAATCTATAAAAGACAAAAATT
	STpGmA	TTTGTATCTTAAGTTTATGGCAGCA
		GTACAAGCAACCAC
		(SEQ ID NO: 75)

	SynSmFPS-	TTTTTGTCTTTTATAGATTTTACC
	Linker-R	(SEQ ID NO: 71)

8A005	50 bp-	CAAGCAGTTTTGAAATCATTTTTG
	8A005-	GGTAAAATCTATAAAAGACAAAAA
	STpGmA	TGGCGGTTCTCGCCGAAGCTTCAG
		ATGGCAGCAGTACAAGCAACCAC
		(SEQ ID NO: 76)

	SynSmFPS-	TTTTTGTCTTTTATAGATTTTACC
	Linker-R	(SEQ ID NO: 71)

12A003	50 bp-	CAAGCAGTTTTGAAATCATTTTTGG
	12A003-	GTAAAATCTATAAAAGACAAAAACA
	STpGmA	CCACGTGCAGGAGTCACAATGTATT
		TCCACAGTGATGGCAGCAGTACAAG
		CAACCAC
		(SEQ ID NO: 77)

	SynSmFPS-	TTTTTGTCTTTTATAGATTTTACC
	Linker-R	(SEQ ID NO: 71)

FPP-001 competent cells were prepared according to the steps in above item 3. Then, the products recovered from gel obtained in the previous step were respectively added thereto, mixed well and transferred into an electric shock cup, electrically shocked at 2.7 kv for 5.7 ms, to which 1 mL of 1M sorbitol was added, and it was resuscitated at 30° C. for 1 h, and respectively spread onto SD-Ura-His-Leu medium and cultured at 30° C. for 36 h or more. The true positive clone was identified by PCR, and named as strains ELE-012 to ELE-019, respectively.
6 Construction of Recombinant Strain ELE-020
1) Preparation of P_PGK1-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2-T_ADH1, P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1, rDNA-TRP1-Up, and rDNA-TRP1-Down
P_PGK1-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2-T_ADH1and P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1were expression cassette carrying a fusion protein of yeast farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and lettuce-derived germacrene A synthetase, and a fusion protein of codon-optimized Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and codon-optimized Tanacetum parthenium-derived germacrene A synthetase, respectively; and rDNA-TRP1-up and rDNA-TRP1-down were the upstream and downstream homologous arms of rDNA, respectively; the fragments were amplified according to the following methods: The functional modules were obtained by PCR using templates and primers described in Table 12, respectively:

	M1	(rDNA-TRP1-up)□

	M2	(P_PGK1-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-
		LsLTC2-T_ADH1)□

	M3	(P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS
		(SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1)□

	M4	(rDNA-TRP1-down).

The amplification system included: 5× Phusion HF Buffer 10 μL, dNTP (10 mM each dNTP) 1 μL, DNA template 20 ng, primers (10 μM) 1.5 μL for each, Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (2.5 U/μL) 0.5 μL, and distilled water supplemented to a total volume of 50 μL. The amplification conditions were: pre-denaturation at 98° C. for 3 min (1 cycle); denaturation at 98° C. for 10 sec, annealing at 58° C. for 10 sec, extension at 72° C. for 2 min (30 cycles); and extension at 72° C. for 10 min (1 cycle). The product was recovered from gel and stored.

TABLE 12

Primers

		Amplifi-
	PCR	cation
	tem-	fragment	Primer	Primer sequence
Module	plate	name	name	□ 5′→3′□

M1	pEASY-	rDNA-	X1-M-	CTTGCAAATGCCTATTGTG
	rDNA-	TRP1-	pEASY-	CAGATGTTATAATATCTGT
	TRP1	up	r-t-F	GCGTTTAATTAAGGCTCGT
				ATGTTGTGTGG AATTGT
				(SEEQ ID NO: 54)

			X1-r-t-	CTCACTATTTTTTACTGCG
			R-rDNA	GAAGCGG
				(SEEQ ID NO: 78)

M2	pM2-ERG20-	PPGK1-	1-M-pEASY-	CTGTTTCCTGTGTGAAATT
	GGGS	ERG20-	PGK1-F	GTTATCCGCTCACAATTCC
	(SEQ ID	GGGS		ACACAACATACGAGCCTT
	NO: 15)-	(SEQ ID		AATTAAACGCACAGATATT
	LsLTC2	NO: 15)-		ATAAC
		LTC2-T_ADH1		(SEEQ ID NO: 56)

			1-M-ADHt-	GGAGTAGAAACATTTTGAA
			TEF1-R	GCTATGGTGTGTGGGGGA
				TCACTTTAATTAATCGGCA
				TGCCGGTAGAGGTG
				(SEEQ ID NO: 79)

M3	pRS425-	PTEF1-	2-M-ADHt-	GGTATAGCATGAGGTCGC
	LEU2-	SynSm FPS-	TEF1-F	TCTTATTGACCACACCTCT
	PTEF1-	GGGS		ACCGGCATGCCGATTAATT
	SynSm	(SEQ ID		AAAGTGATCCCCCA
	FPS-	NO: 15)-		(SEEQ ID NO: 80)
	GGGS	STpGMAS-
	(SEQ	T_CYC1
	ID
	NO: 15)-
	STpGMAS-
	T_CYC1

			M-CYC1-	CGTATTACAATTCACTGGC
			pEASY-R	CGTCGTTTTACAACGTCGT
				GACTGGGAAAACCCTGGC
				GCGTTGGCCGATTCATTAA
				TGC
				(SEEQ ID NO: 61)

M4	pEASY-	rDNA-	X2-r-t-F-	GAACTGGGTTACCCGGGG
	rDNA-	TRP1-	rDNA	CACCTGTC
	TRP1	down		(SEEQ ID NO: 81)

			X2-M-pEASY-	CGAAGGCTTTAATTTGCAA
			r-1-R	GCTGCGGCCCTGCATTAA
				TGAATCGGCCAACGCGCC
				AGGGTTTTCCCAGTCACG
				ACGTTG
				(SEEQ ID NO: 63)

Original strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae ELE-019 was cultured in a SD-Ura-His-Leu liquid medium overnight, followed by being prepared into competent cells. Then, the transformation fragments M1, M2, M3, and M4 in Table 12 were added in a total amount of 4 μg (molar ratio=1:1:1:1), mixed well and transferred into an electric shock cup, electrically shocked at 2.7 kv for 5.7 ms, to which 1 mL of 1M sorbitol was added, and it was resuscitated at 30° C. for 1 h, and spread onto SD-Ura-His-Leu-Trp medium and cultured at 30° C. for 36 h or more. The ingredients in the screening medium composition were: 0.8% yeast selective medium SD-Ura-His-Leu-Trp (Beijing FunGenome Technology Co., Ltd.), 2% glucose. The true positive clone was identified by PCR, and named as strain ELE-020.
This ELE-020 recombinant strain was deposited on Oct. 20, 2017 at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, CGMCC. The deposition address was Building 3, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The strain name was: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the latin name thereof is: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; and the deposition number thereof was: CGMCC No. 14829.
The information of all the above engineering strains was shown in Table 13.

TABLE 13

Information of engineering strains

Strain name	Basic information	Medium

NK2-SQ	P_PGK1-tHMG1-T_ADH1, P_PDC1-ERG12-T_ADH2, P_ENO2-IDI1-T-_PDC1,	SD-Ura
	P_PYK1-ERG19-T_PGI1, P_FBA1-ERG13-
	T_TDH2, P_TDH3-ERG8-T_TPI1and P_TEF1-ERG10-T_CYC1and the screening marker
	of URA3 were integrated into GAL7 site of the chromosome of strain CEN. PK2-1D
	(MATaura3-52; trp1-289; leu2-3, 112; his3Δ1; MAL2-8C; SUC2)
FPP-001	P_PGK1-ADH2-T_ADH1, P_TEF1-ALD6-T_CYC1, P_TDH3-ACS1-	SD-Ura-His
	T_TPL1and the screening marker of HIS3 were integrated
	into NDT80 site of the chromosome of strain NK2-SQ
ELE-001	FPP-001 transferred with pRS313-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-002	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-011	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-	SD-Ura-His-Leu
	SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1
ELE-012	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-3A001-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-013	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-4A001-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-014	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-5A002-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-015	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-6A005-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-016	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-6B004-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-017	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-8A005-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-018	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-12A003-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-019	FPP-001 transferred with pRS425-LEU2-P_MF1-SynSmFPS-8A005-STpGMAS-T_CYC1	SD-Ura-His-Leu
ELE-020	P_PGK1-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2-T_ADH1,	SD-Ura-His-Leu-Trp
	P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-
	STpGMAS-T_CYC1and the screening marker of TRP1
	were integrated into the rDNA site of the chromosome of strain ELE-019

Example 3: Application of Recombinant Strain in Producing β-Elemene

1. Engineering Strain Culture and Product Extraction
All engineering yeast strains prepared in Example 2 were activated in the corresponding solid selective medium SD-Ura-His-Leu, and seed solutions were prepared in the corresponding liquid selective medium SD-Ura-His-Leu (30° C., 250 rpm, 16 h), inoculated in an amount of 1% into a 100 mL trigonal flask containing 15 mL of the corresponding liquid selective medium, shaken at 250 rpm and cultured at 30° C. for id. Then, 1.5 mL of n-dodecane was added thereto, and continued to be shaken and cultured for 5 d. Finally, the liquid in the trigonal flask was transferred to a 50 mL centrifuge tube, centrifuged at 5,000 rpm for 5 min, and the organic phase was collected for use.
2. β-Elemene Conversion and its Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses
1) β-Elemene Conversion
The above organic phase sample was heated in an oil bath at 100-380° C. (180° C.) within a fuming cupboard for 1 h to obtain a converted material.
2) Detection
The converted material was diluted 10 times with n-hexane, filtered through an organic nylon membrane (0.22 μm), and detected by using GC-MS. Testing equipment: Agilent GCMSD Agilent 7890A/5975C; GC-MS measurement conditions: inlet temperature 250° C., injection volume 1 μL, splitless, solvent delay 3 min; column: HP-5 ms (30 m*0.25 mm); Chromatographic conditions: 45° C. for 1 min, warming up to 300° C. at 10° C./min and keeping for 5 min; MS conditions: Full Scan: 50-750 amu. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out by using the standard of β-elemene, which was purchased from the China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (Cat. No. 100268). FIG. 2 is a GC-MS test chromatomap of 3-elemene produced by all engineering yeast strains prepared in Example 2.
As a result, the yield of each engineering strain after fermentation for 6 days was as follows:
Engineering strains ELE-001 and ELE-002 were obtained by introducing low and high copy number of STpGMAS based on FPP-001. Wherein, the yield of β-elemene of ELE-001 reached 9.3 mg/L, and the yield of β-elemene of ELE-002 reached 22.1 mg/L;
Engineering strain ELE-011 was obtained by introducing high copy number of fusion protein gene SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS based on FPP-001, and the yield of β-elemene reached 101.1 mg/L.
Engineering strains ELE-012 to ELE-019 (the promoters and linkers thereof were TEF1 and 3A001, TEF1 and 4A001, TEF1 and 5A002, TEF1 and 6A005, TEF1 and 6B004, TEF1 and 8A005, TEF1 and 12A003, MF1 and 8A005, respectively) were obtained by introducing high copy number of fusion protein gene SynSmFPS-Linker-STpGMAS based on FPP-001.
Engineering strain ELE-020 was obtained by the recombination and introduction of fusion protein genes P_PGK1-ERG20-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-LsLTC2-T_ADH1and P_TEF1-SynSmFPS-GGGS (SEQ ID NO: 15)-STpGMAS-T_CYC1based on ELE-019.
The yields of β-elemene produced by using strains ELE-012 to ELE-020 were 2.2 mg/L (relative to the culture solution), 35.5 mg/L, 110.4 mg/L, 108.6 mg/L, 73.6 mg/L, 109.7 mg/L, 48.3 mg/L, 158.1 mg/L and 469 mg/L, respectively.
3. Bioreactor Fermentation Culture
1) Medium Formulation
The calcium chloride mother liquid: 19.2 g/L aqueous solution of calcium chloride dihydrate.
The trace metal salt mother liquid: 19.1 g/L of disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 10.2 g/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5 g/L of manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 0.86 g/L of cobalt chloride hexahydrate, 0.78 g/L of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.56 g/L of sodium molybdate dehydrate, and 5.12 g/L of iron sulphite heptahydrate.
The vitamin mother liquid: 0.05 g/L of biotin, 0.2 g/L of sodium p-aminobenzoate, 1 g/L of niacin, 1 g/L of calcium pantothenate, 1 g/L pyridoxine hydrochloride, 1 g/L of thiamine hydrochloride, and 25 g/L of inositol.
The seed medium and the fermentation medium: 25 g/L of glucose, 15 g/L of ammonium sulfate, 6.15 g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.72 g/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 8 g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 mL/L of calcium chloride mother liquid, 10 mL/L of trace metal salt mother liquid; 12 mL/L of vitamin mother liquid, 1 g/L of tryptophan, and the balance of water.
The fed-batch medium: 800 g/L of glucose, 5.125 g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3.5 g/L of potassium sulfate, 0.28 g/L of sodium sulfate, 9 g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 g/L of tryptophan, and the balance of water.
2) Fermentation of Engineering Strain ELE-019
The engineering strain ELE-019 was activated according to the methods in item 1. The monoclonal colony on the plate was picked up and inoculated into a test tube containing SD-Ura-His-Leu medium, and shaken at 250 rpm and cultured at 30° C. overnight; 500 μL of the strain culture was pipetted into a 250 mL trigonal flask containing 50 mL of SD-Ura-His-Leu medium, and shaken at 250 rpm and cultured at 30° C. for 24 h.
2 mL of the strain culture was respectively pipetted into three 1 L trigonal flasks containing 100 mL of seed medium, shaken at 250 rpm and cultured at 30° C. for 48 h; finally, the seed solution was inoculated into a 7 L fermentation tank containing 3 L of the fermentation medium via a flame inoculation loop (Eppendorf Company, Germany, model no.: BioFlo®320).
The parameters set in the fermentation process were: temperature 30° C., pH 5.0, dissolved oxygen 30%, air flow rate 3-20 L/min, stirring speed 300-1000 rpm; and dissolved oxygen were cascading with stirring speed and air flowing. When the dissolved oxygen value was greater than 60%, the fed-batch medium was added into the fermentation tank until the glucose concentration in the fermentation liquid was 5 g/L.
Three hours before the end of the fermentation, 10% (relative to the volume of the culture solution) of n-dodecane was added, and after the end of the fermentation, the organic phase was separated.
After the treatment carried out according to the conversion and detection methods in item 2, qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed. After high-density fermentation of the engineering strain ELE-019 for 96 hours, 2 g/L (relative to the culture solution) of β-elemene may be obtained. The recombinant strains complying with the object of the present invention, including but not limited to the specific experimental examples described in Table 13, may be subjected to a fermentation culture according to the fermentation methods described in item “3” to obtain germacrene A.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION

The experiments of the present invention verified that a recombinant strain can be obtained by expressing germacrene A synthetase gene or fusion protein gene thereof in a host yeast in the present invention, which can greatly improve the yield of germacrene A. It is suitable for industrial production of β-elemene and/or germacrene A, and provides a potent strain and research basis for the biosynthesis of anti-cancer raw material β-elemene.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A recombinant strain, which is a yeast comprising or expressing germacrene A synthetase or a fusion protein of germacrene A synthetase m vivo;

the fusion protein of germacrene A synthetase comprises the germacrene A synthetase and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase.