US20220239201A1 - Counter-rotating differential electric motor assembly slip ring assembly - Google Patents

Counter-rotating differential electric motor assembly slip ring assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US20220239201A1
US20220239201A1 US17/677,576 US202217677576A US2022239201A1 US 20220239201 A1 US20220239201 A1 US 20220239201A1 US 202217677576 A US202217677576 A US 202217677576A US 2022239201 A1 US2022239201 A1 US 2022239201A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
disks
disk
paired
electrically conductive
slip ring
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Abandoned
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US17/677,576
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English (en)
Inventor
Randell J. Wishart
Jonathan D. Emigh
Jason Emigh
Ray Porter
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CR Flight LLC
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CR Flight LLC
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Priority to US17/677,576 priority Critical patent/US20220239201A1/en
Assigned to CR FLIGHT L.L.C. reassignment CR FLIGHT L.L.C. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: EMIGH, JONATHAN D., WISHART, RANDELL J., PORTER, RAY, EMIGH, Jason
Publication of US20220239201A1 publication Critical patent/US20220239201A1/en
Priority to US19/047,407 priority patent/US20250246968A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H02K13/003—Structural associations of slip-rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/04—Helicopters
    • B64C27/12—Rotor drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/24—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants using steam or spring force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/30—Aircraft characterised by electric power plants
    • B64D27/34—All-electric aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10—Propulsion
    • B64U50/19—Propulsion using electrically powered motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/30—Supply or distribution of electrical power
    • B64U50/39—Battery swapping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
    • H02K1/2787—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/2789—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2791—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/005—Machines with only rotors, e.g. counter-rotating rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/60—Motors or generators having rotating armatures and rotating excitation field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/24—Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/086—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
    • B64C11/46—Arrangements of, or constructional features peculiar to, multiple propellers
    • B64C11/48—Units of two or more coaxial propellers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the technology of this disclosure pertains generally to a counter-rotating (CR) differential electric motor assembly, normally of medium to large size (10 to >100 lbs of thrust) and frequently utilized for powering an aircraft or for air-movement/fan technologies.
  • the subject invention is a CR differential electric motor assembly that is often employed to power horizontal flight and vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft and permits two associated/linked propellers to rotate very close to one another about a common central axis, wherein the airflow generated by one propeller is differentially coupled into the rotation of the other propeller, thereby increasing the efficiency of power consumption by the CR motor over an equivalent standard/traditional motor that rotates a single propeller.
  • the subject invention may be employed with aircraft or fan housings in spaces that were originally configured for standard/traditional motors.
  • the CR motor assembly comprises: central solid shaft (either fixed or rotating) having first and second ends; first and second rotational members that rotate in opposite directions about said central solid shaft; first and second propellers secured to the first and second rotational members, respectfully; electromagnetic means to power the rotation associated with the first and second rotational members; and means for conveying electricity into the electromagnetic means from an outside power source that is located between the oppositely rotating rotational members and a mounting means and is secured to the central solid shaft second end.
  • This specific design is ideal for small CR motors in which the mass of the CR motor (mostly the first and second rotational members and electromagnetic means) is relatively small (about ⁇ 10 lbs of thrust).
  • the mass of the first and second rotational members and electromagnetic means becomes significant and to prevent deleterious rotation-created harmonics is the central shaft during operation the first and second rotational members and electromagnetic means need to be as close to the mounting means (base plate) as possible.
  • the CR motor disclosed in patent '187 positions the electricity conveyance means (usually a slip ring assembly or the equivalent) between the first and second rotational members and electromagnetic means and the mounting means thereby placing the first and second rotational members and electromagnetic means at quite a distance from the mounting means. Again, this is perfectly fine for small CR motors, but for CR motors of increased size harmful resonances are easily generated.
  • An object of the technology described herein is to provide a medium to large CR differential electric motor assembly that is utilized to power horizontal flight and vertical take-off and landing aircraft.
  • An additional object of the technology described herein is to provide a medium to large CR differential electric motor assembly that is utilized to power a fan for the movement of air or other gases.
  • Another object of the technology described herein is to furnish a medium to large CR differential electric motor assembly, with two propellers, that is utilized to power horizontal flight and vertical take-off and landing aircraft that requires approximately the same space allocation as a traditional/standard motor, with one propeller, does in the aircraft.
  • a further object of the technology described herein is to supply a medium to large CR differential electric motor assembly that is utilized to power horizontal flight and vertical take-off and landing aircraft with decreased electrical power input relative to mechanical power output when compared with a standard/traditional motor having a single propeller.
  • Still another object of the technology described herein is to disclose a medium to large CR differential electric motor assembly that is utilized to power horizontal flight and vertical take-off and landing aircraft with increased battery life and more thrust that an equivalent standard/traditional motor.
  • Still an additional object of the subject invention is to disclose a medium to large CR motor that utilizes a combination of 1) added energy not wasted to a traditional motor mount, 2) added energy due to lower heat production, 3) added energy due to reduced vibrational harmonics created by middle to outer positioning of its slip ring assembly, and 4) synergistic differential coupling between the two oppositely rotating members to increase their net rotational velocities to increase the efficiency of the CR motor over a standard motor.
  • a medium to large CR differential electric motor assembly utilized to power an aircraft vehicle or fan that comprises: a) a central hollow shaft (or axel) having a first and second ends; b) two oppositely rotating rotational members mounted about the central hollow shaft, wherein a first rotating member includes field coil windings and a second rotating member includes permanent magnets; c) a first set of propeller blades secured to the first rotational member and a second set of propeller blades secured to the second rotational member; d) a slip ring assembly for carrying electricity to the field coils from an electric power supply and controller that is located either around the central hollow shaft and within the first and second rotational members or totally or partially above (towards the first end) of the central hollow shaft; e) a mounting base for securing the CR motor assembly to the vehicle or fan; f) optionally, the control means for operating the CR motor assembly; g) and optionally, the electric power supply.
  • a rotational slip ring assembly for transmitting electricity from a first location to a second location, comprising: at least one pair of electrically conductive disks with each disk having a central aperture that comprise: a first disk having an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge and a second disk having an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge; a first location electrical connection attached to the first disk's inner aperture edge; a second location electrical connection attached to the second disk's outer perimeter edge; and a spindle housing surrounding the pair of electrically conductive disks, wherein the spindle housing permits the pair of electrically conductive disks to rotate on one another.
  • FIG. 1A is a side view of an embodiment of the subject invention in which the slip ring assembly is located either partially or totally above the first and second rotational members and around the central hollow shaft.
  • FIG. 1B is a transparent view of the embodiment seen in FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment seen in FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 2A is a side view of another embodiment of the subject invention in which the slip ring assembly is located within the first and second rotational members and around the central hollow shaft.
  • FIG. 2B is a transparent view of the embodiment seen in FIG. 2A .
  • FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment seen in FIG. 2A .
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the slip ring assembly utilized in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C .
  • FIG. 4 is cross-sectional view of the slip ring assembly utilized in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C .
  • FIG. 5 is a top partially transparent view of another embodiment of the subject invention showing equally spaced slip ring assembly to field coil connections and wires.
  • FIG. 6 is an alternative embodiment showing three electrical contact groups within the subject slip ring assembly.
  • FIG. 7 shows the components of a single electrical contact group with the alternative embodiment of the subject slip ring assembly.
  • FIG. 8 shows a close up of the alternative embodiment of the slip ring assembly.
  • FIG. 9 shows the alternative embodiment of the slip ring assembly associated with the CR motor components.
  • FIGS. 1 through 9 for illustrative purposes the subject technology is embodied in the system generally shown in FIGS. 1 through 9 .
  • the subject system CR differential electric motor assembly may vary as to configuration and as to details of the components, and that the method may vary as to the specific steps and sequence of operation, without departing from the basic concepts as disclosed herein.
  • the subject small to large CR motor may be of any desired electrical phase configuration, however, for exemplary purposes only and not by way of limitation, the CR motor related herein is a brush less electrical three-phase design. Other phase designs function equally as well as the current three-phase version.
  • a suitable controller and power supply are employed to operate the subject CR motor.
  • the subject invention is a medium (about >10 lbs thrust) to large (about >100 lbs thrust) CR differential electric motor assembly utilized to power an aircraft vehicle or a fan for moving a gas.
  • a medium (about >10 lbs thrust) to large (about >100 lbs thrust) CR differential electric motor assembly utilized to power an aircraft vehicle or a fan for moving a gas.
  • a CR motor or any medium to large motor that has significant mass associated with its components, positioning the rotational components motor closer to the mounting base helps eliminate harmful rotational vibrations that reduce thrust, waste energy, wear bearings, and create deleterious heat.
  • the subject CR motor comprises: a) a central hollow shaft having outer (first) and inner (second, in the mounting base region) ends and oriented along a central axis that provides structural support for the CR differential electric motor assembly; b) an inner (first) rotational member secured to electromagnetic field coils around its outer perimeter, wherein the inner rotational member rotates, during operation, in a first direction about the central axis; c) a first bearing assembly secured to the inner rotational member that permits the inner rotational member to rotate in the first direction about the central axis; d) an outer rotational member that rotates, during operation, about the central axis in an opposite second direction to the first rotational member; wherein the outer rotational member is lined with a plurality of permanent magnets that are repelled by the electromagnetic field coils, when energized; e) a second bearing assembly secured to the outer rotational member that permits the outer rotational member to rotate in the second direction opposite to the first rotational direction about the central axis; f) a first propel
  • a first embodiment of the subject invention 5 is shown in which a slip ring assembly is positioned above the two oppositely rotating rotational members.
  • this embodiment includes a first rotational member that comprises both an outer portion 10 and inner portion 12 that are rotational secured by bearings 11 to a central hollow shaft 35 .
  • “outer” refers to further away on the central hollow shaft 35 from a mounting base member 40 and “inner” refers to nearer the mounting base member 40 .
  • a propeller 15 is fastened to the outer portion 10 .
  • the illustrative propeller 15 comprises two blades, but other blade numbers (two, four, etc.) are contemplated to be within the realm of this disclosure.
  • Electromagnetic field coils 14 are secured to the inner portion 12 of the first rotational member.
  • a second rotational member comprises both an outer portion 20 and an inner portion 25 that are rotational secured by bearings 26 to the central hollow shaft 35 .
  • a propeller 30 is fastened to the inner portion 25 .
  • the illustrative propeller 30 comprises two blades, but other blade numbers (two, four, etc.) are contemplated to be within the realm of this disclosure.
  • Permanent magnets 27 are secured to and line the inside perimeter of the outer portion 20 of the second rotational member.
  • the central hollow shaft 35 is secured to a mounting base 40 and does not rotate during operation of the CR motor.
  • the mounting base may be utilized to secure the subject CR motor to devises such as air vehicles and air moving systems.
  • the central hollow shaft 35 is hollow to permit electrical wiring 60 to pass through it from the exterior controller and power supply 62 to the electricity receiving components of the slip ring assembly (sintered/porous disks 73 as seen in FIG. 3 ).
  • the wiring 60 attaches at location 66 .
  • the central hollow shaft 35 is usually fabricated from a suitable metal or metal alloy, however, structurally acceptable polymers may be employed and has an interior passage 37 through which the wires 60 are positioned. It is stressed that the interior passage 37 is normally round, however, variously cut channels in the central shaft 35 are possible, but the round passage is preferred to prevent harmful rotational resonances.
  • each CR motor has two oppositely rotating members with one having a set of permanent magnets 27 (second rotational member outer portion 20 ) and the other having field coil windings 14 (first rotational member inner member 12 ), a non-traditional means is required to deliver electricity to those field coil windings 14 .
  • the preferred electricity transfer means for embodiment 5 is a slip ring assembly that can be seen in FIGS. 1B, 1C, and 3 .
  • Comprising the slip ring assembly is a set of paired electrically conducting disks 50 that are fabricated from lubricant-containing sintered/porous metals or metal allows (one such readily commercially available sintered/porous material is termed OiliteTM).
  • the sintered/porous disks contain microscopic passageways which trap an applied lubricant within and slowly release the lubricant during operation.
  • the lubricant may be natural and synthetic oils, with lighter SAE 10-50 preferred, but other viscosities are found to be within the realm of this disclosure.
  • both disks in the pairs 70 are lubricated sintered/porous disks, however, it is noted that only one member of each paired set of disks 70 may be sintered/porous and the other a non-sintered/porous material such as a metal or metal alloy, however, it was found that this possibility has much higher wear characteristics during operation of the CR motor.
  • Sintered/porous disks on sintered/porous disks, both lubricated were found to have extremely low wear characteristics during long term operation (>100 hours) of the CR motors.
  • the set of paired disks shown in FIGS. 1B, 1C, and 3 comprise three pairings 70 with an outer 72 and inner 73 disk in each set.
  • Each disk 70 and 72 have an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge.
  • Each incoming electrical connection requires one paired set 70 with outer 72 and inner 73 disks.
  • the exemplary CR motor 5 utilizes three phase wiring so three wires 60 enter from the controller and power supply 62 into the central hollow shaft opening 37 and continue to the set of three paired disks 50 .
  • the inner disk 73 in is held stationary in a spindle housing 45 while the CR motor is operational. Therefore, each of the three incoming wires 60 are secured to one of the stationary inner disks 73 at an inner aperture edge.
  • Each pair of disks 70 (outer 72 and inner 73 ) are electrically isolated from the next pair of disks 70 by an insulator disk 75 .
  • the outer disks 72 in each paired set is connected, via an attached tab 67 that locks the outer disks 72 into the spindle housing 45 , to an exiting wire 65 that runs to the field coils 14 . It is noted that for each set of disks 70 the entering and exiting wires may be switched, as long as one disk in each pair is stationary and one disk is rotational and as long as the entering wires are attached to stationary disks and the exiting wires are secured to the rotational disks.
  • the set of three paired disks 50 are held within a spindle housing 45 that includes resilient means of one or more springs 52 that apply compression to the stacked set of disks for maintaining electrical contact during CR motor operation.
  • the spindle housing 45 is fabricated from non-electrically conductive polymers that are sufficiently rigid such as Delrin, PEEK, various nylons, and like materials.
  • the spindle housing 45 and associated components are usually, but not necessarily, surrounded by slip ring assembly cover 51 .
  • the outer disks 72 may be the non-rotational disks attached to the incoming wires 60 and the inner disks 73 may be the rotational disks attached to the outgoing/exiting wires 65 .
  • FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, and 4 A second embodiment of the subject invention is shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, and 4 and includes, generally, a dual propeller CR differential electric motor assembly; comprising: a central hollow shaft having first and second ends; a first rotational member, located about said central hollow shaft, that rotates in a first direction about said central hollow shaft; a first propeller secured to said first rotational member; a second rotational member, located about said central hollow shaft and either within said first and second rotational members or between said first rotational member and said second end of said central hollow shaft, that rotates in an opposite direction to said first rotational member's rotational direction and about said central hollow shaft; a second propeller secured to said second rotational member; electromagnetic field coils and permanent magnets associated with said first and second rotational members for powering, when receiving electricity via wires traveling from an exterior power source through said central hollow shaft, said rotation of said first and second rotational members in opposite directions about said central hollow shaft; a slip ring assembly for transmit
  • FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, and 4 relate a second embodiment of the subject invention 100 in which a slip ring assembly is positioned between or slightly above the two oppositely rotating rotational members.
  • the element indicia are in the 100 s and are equivalent to those seen in FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C, and 3 with the first embodiment, however, the slip ring assembly is lowered into the space within the two oppositely rotating members.
  • this embodiment includes a first rotational member that comprises both an outer portion 110 and inner portion 112 that are rotational secured by bearings 111 to a central hollow shaft 135 .
  • a propeller 115 is fastened to the outer portion 110 .
  • the illustrative propeller 115 comprises two blades, but other blade numbers (two, four, etc.) are contemplated to be within the realm of this disclosure.
  • Electromagnetic field coils 114 are secured to the inner portion 112 of the first rotational member.
  • a second rotational member comprises both an outer portion 120 and an inner portion 125 that are rotational secured by bearings 126 to the central hollow shaft 135 .
  • a propeller 130 is fastened to the inner portion 125 .
  • the illustrative propeller 130 comprises two blades, but other blade numbers (two, four, etc.) are contemplated to be within the realm of this disclosure.
  • Permanent magnets 127 are secured to and line the inside perimeter of the outer portion 120 of the second rotational member.
  • the central hollow shaft 135 is secured to a mounting base 140 and does not rotate during operation of the CR motor.
  • the mounting base 140 may be utilized to secure the subject CR motor to devises such as air vehicles and air moving systems.
  • the central hollow shaft 135 is hollow to permit electrical wiring 160 to pass through it from the exterior controller and power supply 162 to the electricity receiving components of the slip ring assembly (sintered/porous disks 173 as seen in FIG. 4 ).
  • the wiring 160 attaches at location 166 .
  • the central hollow shaft 135 is usually fabricated from a suitable metal or metal alloy, however, structurally acceptable polymers may be employed and has an interior passage 137 through which the wires 160 are positioned. It is stressed that the interior passage 137 is normally round, however, variously cut channels in the central shaft 135 are possible, but the round passage is preferred to prevent harmful rotational resonances.
  • each CR motor has two oppositely rotating members with one having a set of permanent magnets 127 (second rotational member outer portion 120 ) and the other having field coil windings 14 (first rotational member inner member 112 ), a non-traditional means is required to deliver electricity to those field coil windings 114 .
  • the preferred electricity transfer means for embodiment 100 is a slip ring assembly that can be seen in FIGS. 2B, 2C, and 4 .
  • Comprising the slip ring assembly is a is a set of paired electrically conducting disks 150 that are fabricated from lubricant-containing sintered/porous metals or metal allows (one such readily commercially available sintered/porous material is termed OiliteTM).
  • the sintered/porous disks contain microscopic passageways which trap an applied lubricant within and slowly release the lubricant during operation.
  • the lubricant may be natural and synthetic oils, with lighter SAE 10-50 preferred, but other viscosities are found to be within the realm of this disclosure.
  • both disks in the pairs 170 are lubricated sintered/porous disks, however, it is noted that only one member of each paired set of disks 170 may be sintered/porous and the other a non-sintered/porous material such as a metal or metal alloy, however, it was found that this possibility has much higher wear characteristics during operation of the CR motor.
  • Sintered/porous disks on sintered/porous disks, both lubricated were found to have extremely low wear characteristics during long term operation (>100 hours) of the CR motors.
  • the set of paired disks shown in FIGS. 2B, 2C, and 4 comprise three pairings 170 with an outer 172 and inner 173 disk in each set.
  • Each disk 172 and 173 have an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge.
  • Each incoming electrical connection requires one paired set 170 with outer 172 and inner 173 disks.
  • the exemplary CR motor 100 utilizes three phase wiring so three wires 160 enter from the controller and power supply 162 into the central hollow shaft opening 137 and continue to the set of three paired disks 150 .
  • each set of disks 170 the entering and exiting wires may be switched, as long as one disk in each pair is stationary and one disk is rotational and as long as the entering wires are attached to stationary disks and the exiting wires are secured to the rotational disks.
  • the inner disk 173 in is held stationary in a spindle housing 145 while the CR motor is operational. Therefore, each of the three incoming wires 160 are secured to one of the stationary inner disks 173 .
  • Each pair of disks 170 (outer 172 and inner 173 ) are electrically isolated from the next pair of disks 170 by an insulator disk 175 .
  • the outer disks 172 in each paired set is connected, via an attached tab 167 that locks the outer disks 172 into the spindle housing 145 , to an exiting wire 165 that runs to the field coils 114 .
  • the set of three paired disks 150 are held within the spindle housing 145 that includes resilient means of one or more springs 152 that apply compression to the stacked set of disks 150 for maintaining electrical contact during CR motor operation.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates, for the first CR motor embodiment 5 , that a preferred configuration within the slip ring assemble for the exiting disk connections/wires 65 (leading to the field coils 14 ) is a symmetrical arrangement within the spindle housing 45 .
  • the symmetrical arrangement of the connections/wires 65 minimizes any harmful or energy wasting rotational vibrations.
  • FIGS. 6 through 9 depict an alternative embodiment of the subject slip ring assembly.
  • FIG. 6 shows the basic component of this embodiment of the slip ring assembly.
  • the housing 45 or 145 surrounds the various components of the slip ring assembly.
  • the resilient means 52 or 152 in this embodiment is a crest to crest spring, which is equivalent to the individual springs shown earlier since its role is to compress the components during rotational operation.
  • a series of three outside diameter contactors (OD contactors) 67 or 167 are shown (these are stationary and are utilized to connect to outside locations), along with three inside diameter contactors (ID contactors) 66 or 166 (these are rotating, during operation, and are utilized to connect to the CR motor).
  • Appropriate insulators 75 or 175 are utilized to isolate each disk pairing.
  • FIG. 7 shows that a single disk pair.
  • the disk pair is comprised of an OD contactor 67 or 167 , which consists of a brass disk 210 (copper, bronze, steel, or other equivalent material is also suitable) and a sintered disk 200 , and an ID contactor 66 or 166 , which also consists of a brass disk 210 (copper, bronze, steel, or other equivalent material is also suitable) and a sintered disk 200 .
  • each brass disk 210 and sintered disk 200 are adhered to one another by soldering or similar fashion.
  • FIG. 8 shows the assembled slip ring assembly with OD contactors 67 or 167 and ID contactors 66 or 166 located within the stack of disks.
  • FIG. 9 shows the slip ring assembly 6 positioned over the CR motor components 7 .
  • the CR motor mount 40 and 140 frequently have apertures that are utilized to secure the subject CR motors 5 and 100 to a selected aircraft.
  • One advantage of the subject CR differential motor assembly 5 and 100 is that they easily fit within the region a traditional/standard motor with propellers fits.
  • the onboard power supply/source is frequently a suitable battery or batteries. Additionally, a standard and easily purchased electronic speed controller (ESC) is employed to control the incoming electricity to actuate the field coil windings 14 in a pattern that creates the necessary magnetic repulsive forces to power rotation and to initiate and continue rotation.
  • ESC electronic speed controller
  • an onboard controller with horizontal flight and VTOL aircraft is in remote communication with a ground controller by radio waves, infrared signals, or the equivalent.
  • the differential or first-to-second propeller-feed-back action of the subject invention is important in explaining the effectiveness or efficiency of the subject invention which has two internally differentially coupled propellers compared with a traditional/standard motor outfitted with only a single propeller.
  • the set of blades on the first propeller encounters oncoming air and increases the velocity of the leaving air.
  • the set of blades on the second propeller encounters the first propeller-accelerated air which causes the second rotational member to rotate faster, which in turn further accelerates the first rotational member and the internally differentially coupled two rotational members operate with a higher efficiency than a motor with only one propeller that provides no synergistic feed-back enhancement between rotational members, as is seen for the CR version.
  • a first embodiment of the subject technology includes a rotational slip ring assembly for transmitting electricity from a first location to a second location, comprising: at least one pair of electrically conductive disks with each disk having a central aperture that comprise: a first disk having an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge and a second disk having an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge; a first location electrical connection attached to the first disk's inner aperture edge; a second location electrical connection attached to the second disk's outer perimeter edge; and a spindle housing surrounding the pair of electrically conductive disks, wherein the spindle housing permits the pair of electrically conductive disks to rotate on one another.
  • a second embodiment of the subject technology comprises a rotational slip ring assembly for transmitting electricity from a first location to a second location, comprising: a set of paired lubricated sintered disks with each disk having a central aperture that are electrically conductive, wherein each pair comprises: a first disk having an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge and a second disk having an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge; a first location electrical connection attached to the first disk's inner aperture edge; a second location electrical connection attached to the second disk's outer perimeter edge; a spindle housing surrounding the set of paired electrically conductive disks, wherein the spindle housing permits the set of paired electrically conductive disks to rotate on one another; an electrically insulating disk with a central aperture positioned between each pair of the lubricated sintered disks; and compression springs held within the spindle housing that urge the set of paired electrically conductive disks and insulating disks together to maintain electrical contact within each paired electrically conductive disks during rotation of the
  • a third embodiment of the subject technology comprises a rotational slip ring assembly wherein each second location electrical connection attached to each second disk's outer perimeter edge are symmetrically arranged about the set of paired disk's central apertures.
  • a fourth embodiment of the subject technology comprises an improved slip ring assembly that includes paired sets of electrically conductive disks with each pair separated by an insulating disk, wherein said improvement comprises: a set of paired disks with each disk having a central aperture that are electrically conductive, wherein each pair comprises: a first disk having an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge and a second disk having an inner aperture edge and an outer perimeter edge; a first location electrical connection attached to said first disk's inner aperture edge; a second location electrical connection attached to said second disk's outer perimeter edge; a spindle housing surrounding said set of paired electrically conductive disks, wherein said spindle housing permits said set of paired electrically conductive disks to rotate on one another; an electrically insulating disk with a central aperture positioned between each pair of said disks; and compression springs held within said spindle housing that urge said set of paired electrically conductive disks and insulating disks together to maintain electrical contact within each said paired electrically conductive disks during rotation of said set of
  • a fifth embodiment of the subject technology comprises an improved slip ring assembly wherein the set of paired disks contains at least one lubricated sintered disk. Additionally, the improved slip ring assembly may have the set of paired disks that are both lubricated sintered disks.
  • Phrasing constructs such as “A, B and/or C”, within the present disclosure describe where either A, B, or C can be present, or any combination of items A, B and C.
  • references in this specification referring to “an embodiment”, “at least one embodiment” or similar embodiment wording indicates that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with a described embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, these various embodiment phrases are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, or to a specific embodiment which differs from all the other embodiments being described.
  • the embodiment phrasing should be construed to mean that the particular features, structures, or characteristics of a given embodiment may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments of the disclosed apparatus, system or method.
  • a set refers to a collection of one or more objects.
  • a set of objects can include a single object or multiple objects.
  • the terms “approximately”, “approximate”, “substantially” and “about” are used to describe and account for small variations. When used in conjunction with an event or circumstance, the terms can refer to instances in which the event or circumstance occurs precisely as well as instances in which the event or circumstance occurs to a close approximation.
  • the terms can refer to a range of variation of less than or equal to ⁇ 10% of that numerical value, such as less than or equal to ⁇ 5%, less than or equal to ⁇ 4%, less than or equal to ⁇ 3%, less than or equal to ⁇ 2%, less than or equal to ⁇ 1%, less than or equal to ⁇ 0.5%, less than or equal to ⁇ 0.1%, or less than or equal to ⁇ 0.05%.
  • substantially aligned can refer to a range of angular variation of less than or equal to ⁇ 10°, such as less than or equal to ⁇ 5°, less than or equal to ⁇ 4°, less than or equal to ⁇ 3°, less than or equal to ⁇ 2°, less than or equal to ⁇ 1°, less than or equal to ⁇ 0.5°, less than or equal to ⁇ 0.1°, or less than or equal to ⁇ 0.05°.
  • range format is used for convenience and brevity and should be understood flexibly to include numerical values explicitly specified as limits of a range, but also to include all individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly specified.
  • a ratio in the range of about 1 to about 200 should be understood to include the explicitly recited limits of about 1 and about 200, but also to include individual ratios such as about 2, about 3, and about 4, and sub-ranges such as about 10 to about 50, about 20 to about 100, and so forth.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
US17/677,576 2019-08-29 2022-02-22 Counter-rotating differential electric motor assembly slip ring assembly Abandoned US20220239201A1 (en)

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US19/047,407 US20250246968A1 (en) 2019-08-29 2025-02-06 Counter-rotating differential electric motor assembly slip ring assembly

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US202062993594P 2020-03-23 2020-03-23
PCT/US2020/047837 WO2021041435A1 (en) 2019-08-29 2020-08-25 Counter-rotating differential electric motor assembly slip ring assembly
US17/677,576 US20220239201A1 (en) 2019-08-29 2022-02-22 Counter-rotating differential electric motor assembly slip ring assembly

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IL290856A (en) 2022-04-01
CA3152270C (en) 2025-03-18
US12027950B2 (en) 2024-07-02
WO2021041435A1 (en) 2021-03-04
IL290856B2 (en) 2025-07-01
AU2020336060A1 (en) 2022-03-03
KR102806115B1 (ko) 2025-05-12
US20220239187A1 (en) 2022-07-28
ZA202201797B (en) 2024-06-26
CN114303304B (zh) 2024-06-21
CA3152270A1 (en) 2021-03-04
AU2020336060B2 (en) 2025-04-10
EP4022723A4 (en) 2023-09-20
CN114303304A (zh) 2022-04-08
EP4022723A1 (en) 2022-07-06
JP2022546371A (ja) 2022-11-04
EP4022745A1 (en) 2022-07-06
EP4022745A4 (en) 2023-10-25
WO2021041434A1 (en) 2021-03-04
KR20220051343A (ko) 2022-04-26
EP4022745B1 (en) 2024-05-15
US20250246968A1 (en) 2025-07-31

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