US2021810A - Burner bowl - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 19, 1935. A. RUTTIMAN 2,021,310

BURNER 'B'OWL Filed Aug. 26, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 19, 1935. A. RUTTIMAN 2,021,810

BURNER'BOWL Filed Aug. 26, 1932 Y 2 Sheets-Shet 2 Agfcedfiuifiman,

patented Nov. 19, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BURNER BOWL Application August 26, 1932, Serial No. 630,605

1 Claim.

The invention concerns improvements in burner bowls of the type used in oil stoves and. oil heaters, for instance of the blue flame variety, wherein a wick is employed in the form of an upstanding ring of material resting within the groove and adapted by reason of its capillary porosity to raise the oil to its upper edge for the purpose of ignition in starting the flame.

One object of the invention is to provide means for holding the kindler or wick above the level of the bottom of the vaporizing chamber of the bowl, and therefore out of the oil, during normal operation to permit free passage of oil and vapor under the wick so that ready access of the gas to the outer side of the kindler, or to the outer vapor ring may be obtained.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a plan view of a portion of a burner bowl showing'the invention in. one form.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Fig. 1 on line 2-2.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4: is a sectional detail View showing the port for connecting the vapor grooves, this view being on line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view of a portion of the burner on line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a portion of a burner bowl showing a modified form thereof.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of Fig. 6 on the line 'il.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a portion of a burner bowl showing modified details in respect to Fig. 1, this bowl having three vapor grooves instead of two.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view on line 99 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view on line Ill-I0 of Fig. 8. i

Fig. 11 is a detail sectional view on line I l--l l of Fig. 8.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view on line l2-l2 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view showing seats for the chimney on the inner side of the vapor groove.

By keeping the kindler out of the oil as much as possible during normal burning it results that the life of the kindler is lengthened.

In Fig. 1 is shown a burner bowl in which I indicates the vaporizing chamber of circular form surrounding the open center of the appliance, and surrounding the vaporizing chamber or groove are the vapor grooves 2 and 3 arranged concentric with the vaporizing chamber.

The vaporizing chamber is made up of an upstanding inner wall la, a bottom portion lb and a cover member or ring lo resting on theupper edge of the wall la, and having a flange id reaching down within the said ring shaped wall Iaand bearing against the inner face of said wall to make a comparatively close joint at this point.

The cover member overlies and forms the upper wall of the vaporizing space into which the oil enters through the nipple 16 with which the oil supply pipe connects, for which purpose said nipple is interiorly screw threaded. At the outer margin of the cover member or ring 10 there is a depending flange If inclining slightly outwardly from its upper part to its lower edge. This lower edge lg lies slightly above the upper edge of a rib or dam in extending up from the bottom of the vaporizing chamber, leaving an annular port or space a between these edges for the passage of fluid therethrough to the vapor groove or ring 2. This vapor ring or groove is made up on its inner side by the depending flange If of 20 the cover member and on its outer side by the upstanding wall 2a, which inclines slightly upwardly and outwardly. A ring shaped kindler or wick A is located in the upwardly flaring space of this vapor ring.

This kindler or wick is sustained by its lower edge contacting with rests or supports l consisting of raised portions above the bottom of the vapor groove 2, the upper surfaces of which supports provide a kindler seat preferably in the same horizontal plane with the upper edge of the rib or dam in. These rests or supports are spaced apart around the bottom of the vapor groove 2 as shown in the plan view and with the lower edge of the kindler resting thereon there will be ailorded spaces 5 between these supports and below the lower edge of the kindler through which spaces fluid may gain access from the space at the inner side of the kindler ring to the space at the outer side of said ring.

Provision is also made whereby there will be space between the outer side of the wick or kindler and the inner face of the upstanding water wall 2a. of the vapor groove 2, so that vapor which passes through the spaces 5 beneath the lower edge of the kindler may pass up the outer side of the kindler for distribution to the usual perforated tubes or sleeves which surmount the vapor ring or groove, and for distribution also to the radial ports or conduits 6 which lead the vapors to the outer vapor groove or ring 3. The means for providing this space consists of flat bosses or rests l projecting slightly from the inner face of the upstanding wall 2a. of the vapor ring or groove 2. These bosses or rests are of limited extent in 55.

a direction circumferentially of the groove, being in this respect like the rests or supports 4 at the lower part of the groove. The rests l are spaced apart around the wall 2a and they afford means whereby the wick or kindler ring for the major portion of its outer side is kept spaced apart from the wall 2w so that the vapor may flow between the outer side of the kindler and the wall 2a to gain access to the conduits or port 6, leading to the outer vapor groove 3 and the kindler of ring shape supported on a seat therein level with the kindler seat within the inner groove. The ports or conduits 6 are formed in radial bar like portions or ribs 6a of the structure which connect the outer vapor ring to the inner fire ring.

When starting the burner the oil entering the vaporizing chamber will overflow the dam or rib Ih, but after the burner is lighted and the flameis established the oil will be held back within the vaporizing chamber by this rib or dam, and will be prevented from reaching the kindlers or the vapor grooves or rings 2 and 3, or the channels 6, and only vapor will reach these parts. The spaces or depressions 5 in the lower part of the vapor ring or groove 2 contribute to this distribution of the gas, as does also the spaces or depressions along the wall 2a between the lateral rest areas or bosses 1. By reason of the construction and operation just described there will be no deposit of soot or tar in the vapor rings or grooves 2 and 3, nor in the passages 6 between the said vapor rings. Nor will there be any deposit of carbon upon the wick or kindler.

Deposit of soot which may take place in the vaporizing chamber is readily accessible for cleaning by simply removing the ring or cover member lc of this chamber. All deposit of any consequence will be formed in this vaporizing chamher, and mostly adjacent the inlet opening for the oil into said chamber. This inlet nipple is located as far away from the vapor grooves 2, 3 as possible, sothat a relatively cool oil inlet is assured.

The seats for the perforated chimneys of the burner organization are indicated at 0. These may be located either on the inner or outer side of the walls of the rings or grooves.

The skirt or depending flange Id of the cover ring to is provided with an opening or openings 8 by which communication is established between the vaporizing chamber and the vapor ring or groove 2, so that in the event of an excess accumulation of oil in the vaporizing chamber reaching to a level which would flood the annular outlet space above rib [TL and the lower end of the skirt or flange I (1 there will be an escape of any gases generated in the chamber through the port or ports 8 into the vapor groove 2, and thence into the vapor groove 3. If such relief port or ports were not provided the gases trapped in the vaporizing chamber by the flooding of the oil to a level above the annular outlet port a. would find escape into the open through the joint between the cover member lo and upper edge of the upstanding wall la and a sooty flame would result.

It will be noticed that the bottom wall of the radials channels or ports 6 which connect the inner vapor ring or groove 2 with the outer ring 3 is below the kindler seats of the said vapor rings or grooves, and about on a level with the bottom of the depressions or spaces Sunder the kindler ring, and on a level also with the bottom wall of the vaporizing chamber.

This relation of the parts facilitates the flow of the oil gas under the lower edge of the kindler through the depressions or spaces 5 to the outer Vapor ring.

There is one of the depressions or spaces 5 opposite each of the radial cross ports 6 and 5 there is also one of these depressions or gas passages 5 between each two cross channels 6. By this arrangement of depressions or gas passages the flow of gas is, facilitated both to the cross channels or ports 6 and to the space between 10 the outer side of the kindler and the adjacent Wall of the vapor groove.

By the construction shown in Fig. 1 wherein as above mentioned the kindler seat in the lower part of the vapor ring 3 is elevated above the bot- 15 tom of the radial channels t a comparatively small amount of oil enters this ring. All unnecessary metal is eliminated in the formation of this channel for quick starting of the burner. Suitable bosses are cast with the burner bowl to afford 20 means of attachment to a suitable stand.

In Figs. 9 to 12 is shown a burner bowl having three vapor rings in addition to the vaporizer ring or chamber. The oil distribution is accomplished in substantially the same way as above de- 25 scribed with certain modifications. The cross channels 600 are of larger proportions than those previously described, and are more numerous and at points 9 said channels are considerably widened in order to permit the oil vapor to wind itself below the kindler and reach the outer groove in ample volume. In this figure also the rests for the bottom edge of the kindler instead of being in the form of wide ridges or seat portions extending at intervals from side to side of the lower portion of the vapor groove are in the form of ribs or short and narrow ridges Ia: extending from the outer wall of the vapor groove only part way across the same, but sufficient to afford rests for the bottom edge of the kindler to hold the same elevated above the bottom of the vapor groove sothat fluid may freely pass under the lower edge of said kindler. The elfect of this construction is to connect the depressions or spaces 5:]. one with another through the ports or spaces 45' 55s at the inner ends of the projections or ribs ix so that when flooding the burner for starting, the oil can equalize itself as to its level throughout the whole circuit outside the dam ih, or the gas can pass circumferentially from space to space 5w around the entire circuit of the vapor groove toget good distribution.

Furthermore, instead of providing comparatively wide bosses 1 as before described to serve as lateral rests for the outer sides of the kindlers 55 to hold them spaced apart from the adjacent wall of the vapor groove these lateral rests may be in the formof narrow ribs 13': cast with the outer wall of the vapor groove so that the outer face of the kindler by contacting with these ribs ar- 60 ranged at intervals about the circuit of the vapor groove will be held away from the wall of the vapor groove, thus providing extended spaces between the kindler and said wall for the flow of the fluids to the outer side of the kindler and to 65 the next ring,

- The dam. Ih can be a continuous rib or a rib interrupted at intervals.

Instead of forming the lateral rests for the kindler in the 'form of bosses 1 cast with and projecting from the inner face of the outer wall of the vapor groove I may make these rests flush with the .inner face of the wall and form depressions, recesses, or channels lb in the said wall so that a'passage will be provided for the flow 7b of fluid to the outer side of the kindler and to the ports leading from the inner vapor ring to the outer vapor ring. The upward flare of the wall of the vapor groove aids in the provision of the space or passage on the outer side of the kindler for the flow o1 fluid at this point.

Kindlers frequently very quickly clog up with carbon particles, resulting in loss of capillary action, and hence failure to bring the oil to the upper edges of the kindler to be gasified and burned within the walls of perforated sleeves surmounting the vapor ring groove. While attempts have been made to mount the kindler in such a way that no oil could reach it while the burner was in operation, and was soaked with oil during the time of lighting, some such means involved cross vaporizing tubes below the bowl bottom which quickly clogged with carbon and were not readily accessible for cleaning.

Further attempts have been made to separate the vaporizing chamber from the vapor groove with the frequent result that the time expended in getting the burner started and in securing equilibrium in the height of the flame was greatly increased.

This resulted in high and. reddish flame a few minutes after starting and lasted until all the excess of oil was burned out and equilibrium had been established.

The kindlers in the present invention are elevated in respect to the vaporizing groove, re-

quiring no notching because of the undercut .grooves in the burner base below the kindler or Wick close to the vaporizing groove.

The vaporizing groove, while in close proximity of the inner vapor groove and consequently heated quickly to the temperature of the vapor grooves, yet nevertheless it is separated by the skirt of the vaporizing ring just enough to assure super-heated oil vapor and at the same time unrestricted and uniform escape into the inner Vapor groove.

Due to the comparative narrow vapor grooves at the bottom and their elevation above the oil grooves, less oil is accumulated when starting the burner and whatever oil there is is vaporized quickly because of the tapering'in of the outside walls of the vapor grooves, requiring a smaller amount of metal to be heated.

During the starting period oil is allowed to overflow raised rib In, and fiow through the cross channels, but not when the bowl is heated to proper operating temperature, being converted into oil vapor before it reaches this point. These cross channels, therefore, remain clean after long continued operation of the burner.

It will be understood that the various modified forms are more or less interchangeable and where any feature in one form is susceptible of embodiment in another form, or where features now shown in separate figures are capable of embodiment in any one form the illustration and description are to be interpreted as though di- 5 rectly indicating or describing these changes. While I have disclosed the bowl with its walls, depressions, ports, rests, bosses, etc. cast metal, it will be understood that I do not limit myself to a structure in which all of said parts are cast 0 together. Some parts may be formed separately and suitably fixed in place, and among these parts is the rests or supports or bosses for spacing the kindler away from the bottom or side wall of the vapor groove. 15 The parting line of the mold in which the bowl is cast is near the upper part of the bowl, or

near the chimney seats so that downwardly tapering vapor grooves may be formed, requiring a minimum amount of metal at the lower part of 20 the bowl to accelerate heating, and quick start- By my invention the kindler needs no special formation or structure. It has both its upper and lower edges continuous and may be used with 5 either edge down on the rests or supports in the burner bowl, thus prolonging its life, in contrast to kindlers whose edges are notched or provided with attached clips and which cannot be reversed in position. 30

I claim: 7

In combination, a burner bowl having an outer channel and a concentric relatively wider inner channel spaced therefrom, said outer channel providing a vapor groove, said inner channel being defined by an outer upstanding wall and an inner upwardly projecting wall, said walls leaving the entire width of the inner channel open at the top to provide access in cleaning, the inner portion of said inner channel providing a vaporization space and the outer portion of the inner channel providing a kindler receiving space, said vaporization. space and said kindler receiving space being thereby in unobstructed lateral communication with each other whereby vapor from the vaporization space may fiow freely to the kindler receiving space, said channels being connected by passageways opening through said outer wall, so that vapor delivered to said kindler receiving'space of the inner channel from said vaporization space may flow through said passageways and into the outer channel, the lower part of said inner channel at the kindler receiving space thereof being provided with elevated rests upon which a kindler may seat and thereby provide space between the lower edge of the kindler and the lowermost surface of the inner channel therebeneath for the free passage beneath said kindler of vapor from the vaporization space and into said passageways and to the outer channel, and a removable cover plate extending from the inner upwardly projecting wall over said vaporization space to form a vaporization chamber and to deliver vapor into said kindler receiving space.

ALFRED RUTTIMAN.

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