US20210348384A1 - Building block (variants) - Google Patents

Building block (variants) Download PDF

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Publication number
US20210348384A1
US20210348384A1 US17/282,227 US201917282227A US2021348384A1 US 20210348384 A1 US20210348384 A1 US 20210348384A1 US 201917282227 A US201917282227 A US 201917282227A US 2021348384 A1 US2021348384 A1 US 2021348384A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
recesses
building block
distinction
block according
projections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US17/282,227
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English (en)
Inventor
Roman Alexandrovich SAVUSHKIN
Alexey Mihailovich SOKOLOV
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kompaniya Domido Ltd
Original Assignee
Kompaniya Domido Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kompaniya Domido Ltd filed Critical Kompaniya Domido Ltd
Publication of US20210348384A1 publication Critical patent/US20210348384A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H33/00—Other toys
    • A63H33/04—Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts
    • A63H33/06—Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts to be assembled without the use of additional elements
    • A63H33/08—Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts to be assembled without the use of additional elements provided with complementary holes, grooves, or protuberances, e.g. dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04B2002/0221—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions of conical shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0245—Pegs or pins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0247—Strips or bars

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the building art, in particular, to building blocks for mortarless brickwork and construction of houses, buildings, structures and hardscaping items.
  • the invention may be used for masonry laying without use of mortar.
  • precast concrete panels become widely used in recent years, seeking to neutralize some of these restrictions.
  • the use of such panels has its own disadvantages, including difficulties in adapting of the panels for specified place of installation, as well as necessity of mechanization for loading, transportation and installation of the panels.
  • the building block for external wall erection containing a solid body with front, rear, two end, upper and lower surfaces, as well as a variety of projections and recesses on upper and lower surfaces for fixation and aligning of the adjacent blocks with formation of uniform joints, which are afterwards filled with mortar (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,934,037, cl. E04B2/08 publ. Aug. 10, 1999).
  • the house-building system including a number of the building blocks, which are mutually fixed together with the aid of nuts and bolts, where the bolt consists of respective upper and lower pieces, at that one set of fixing pieces may be placed in a hidden area together with a bolt and pass through all the structure, and another one—at the outer surface of the lower part of the bolt area.
  • the blocks may contain internal thread in embedded openings for bolts installation in such a way that the upper part of bolts is at the same level with the upper part of blocks in engagement (see patent GB2528090, cl. E04B2/18, publ. Jan. 13, 2016).
  • the closest by its technical essence to the proposed invention is the building block made in a form of a polygon on each vertical and each horizontal face of which the response projections and recesses are made, coming into engagement with the projections and recesses of adjacent blocks (see patent CN204919955, cl. E04B2/08, publ. Dec. 30, 2015).
  • the known device allows to increase the structure not only in vertical but also in two horizontal directions, keeping at that accuracy and durability of the joint.
  • the known device don't ensure possibility of additional fastening of the blocks with each other, and that's why it can't be used for erection of complicated geometry constructions.
  • the technical problem is creation of the building block that allows in short terms to erect houses and buildings without use of high-skilled working force and mechanization attraction.
  • the invention is destined for extension of a range of possible variants of mutual fastening of the blocks.
  • the problem is solved so that in a building block made in a form of polygon on each vertical and each horizontal face the response projections and recesses are made, coming into engagement with the projections and recesses of adjacent blocks, the indicated projections and recesses are made in truncated cone form, along the axis of which in this block mainly intercommunicating channels are made.
  • On each vertical and each horizontal face of the block preferably at least four projections and recesses are formed.
  • the projections and recesses are made in truncated cones form with the angle not more than 45 degrees.
  • the building block may be made in a form of right parallelepiped, T-shaped, L-shaped.
  • the building block may be made in a form of a number of cubes or parallelepipeds, or their combination, connected with each other and forming an integral whole, a polygonal item with complicated geometry.
  • the building block may be provided with inclined sections placed at the angle 10-90 degrees with crosswise structure formation, at that on the ends of inclined sections the response projections and recesses are also formed.
  • the recesses as a half of truncated cone may be made, forming in assembly with the adjacent blocks recesses integral cones, at that on the indicated faces surface the channel-formed grooves may be made, forming in assembly with the adjacent blocks the channels along the recesses axis.
  • the recesses as a quarter of truncated cone may be made, forming in assembly with the adjacent blocks recesses integral cones, at that along the ribs of the indicated faces the channel-formed grooves may be made, forming in assembly with the adjacent blocks the channels along the recesses axis.
  • the block may be provided with the insertions installed in the recesses and forming projections and partially entering into respective channels.
  • the block may be provided with the insertions with channels allowing possibility of installation in them the fastening elements for mutual fastening between the blocks.
  • the posed problem is solved by the way that in the building block made in a form of polygon, at each vertical and each horizontal face of which the recesses in a form of cylinders and/or truncated cones are formed, along the axis of which the channels are made in the block, at least, in some of the indicated recesses the fastening elements in a form of discs are installed, at both sides of which along the axe the bars, fixed in the indicated channels of the adjacent blocks are fastened.
  • the channels in a section are made in a form of a circle, ellipse, square, rectangle, triangle.
  • the recesses at the edge of vertical or horizontal faces made in a form of a half of truncated cone, form in assembly with the adjacent blocks recesses integral cones.
  • the building block may be made preferably in a form of cube or right parallelepiped, T-shaped, L-shaped.
  • the building block may be made in a form of a number of cubes or parallelepipeds, or their combination, connected with each other and forming an integral whole, a polygonal item with complicated geometry.
  • the building block may be provided with the insertions with channels allowing possibility of installation in them the fastening elements for mutual fastening between the blocks.
  • a structure can be made closed around the perimeter by the way of combination of the fourth block with three adjacent blocks at linear trajectory passing through the point of connection of three faces, at the angle to each of side faces of indicates three blocks in the range from 1 to 89 degrees, preferably at the angle 45 degrees.
  • FIG. 1 is the general view of the building block (the first basic variant of embodiment in the form of cube with placement of projections and recesses by four at each face);
  • FIG. 2 is a variant of embodiment with additional fifth recess at one face
  • FIG. 3 is the second basic variant of embodiment, but with recesses at all the faces (prior to installation of fastening elements);
  • FIG. 4 is the same, in section
  • FIG. 5 is the second basic variant of embodiment with five recesses at all the faces
  • FIG. 6 is the second variant of embodiment with semi-recesses and bores at one face
  • FIG. 7 is the second variant of embodiment with semi- and quarter-recesses and bores at all the faces and ribs;
  • FIG. 8 is an example of the structure assembling from cubic blocks according to the first variant of embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a variant of a block in a form of parallelepiped
  • FIG. 10 is a variant of a T-shaped block
  • FIG. 11 is a variant of a block with inclined sections
  • FIG. 12 is an example of the structure assembling from the blocks with inclined sections
  • FIG. 13 is an example of the structure forming by the way of combination of the fourth block with three adjacent blocks at the linear trajectory passing through the point of connection of three faces at the angle (the angle is indicated with an arrow).
  • the proposed building block 1 is made in a form of polygon on each vertical and each horizontal face of which the response projections 2 and recesses 3 are made (by four or five items), coming into engagement with the projections and recesses of the adjacent blocks.
  • the block may be made in a form of cube, right parallelepiped, T-shaped, or provided with the inclined sections 4 .
  • the block is made in the form of two parallelepipeds, the lengthwise axis of which are located at the angle 10-90°, connected crosswise as an integral whole.
  • the response projections 2 and recesses 3 are also formed. Combination of projections 2 and recesses 3 may be chosen at each face of the block 1 in advance, or for a particular place of its placement.
  • the projections 2 and recesses 3 are made in a form of truncated cones, along the axis of which in the block the interconnected channels 5 are made.
  • the recesses 6 may be made in a form of a half of truncated cone, forming in assembly with the analogous recesses of adjacent blocks 1 integral cones.
  • the channel-formed grooves 7 are made, forming in assembly with the adjacent blocks 1 the channels along the axis of the recesses 6 .
  • the recesses 8 may be made in a form of a quarter of truncated cone, forming in assembly with the recesses of adjacent blocks integral cones.
  • the channel-formed grooves 9 are made, forming in assembly with the adjacent blocks the channels along the axis of the recesses 8 .
  • the conical surface of projections 2 and recesses 3 , 6 , 8 allows to simply connect the blocks 1 together, ensuring at that precise centering and combination of the channels 5 in a single network, which in a case of necessity may be in one operation filled with fixing material.
  • the block 1 may be also provided with the fastening elements 10 placed in the recesses 3 and partially entering in the respective channels 5 .
  • the proposed block 1 doesn't contain projections, only recesses 3 are made in it in a form of cylinders and/or truncated cones, along the axis of which in the block the channels 5 are made.
  • the fastening elements 10 are installed in a form of discs, at both sides of which along the axe the bars are fastened, fixed in indicated channels 5 of the adjacent blocks 1 .
  • additional recesses 6 , 8 and channel-formed grooves 7 , 9 for this variant the same modifications are possible that for the previous one.
  • the first block 1 is installed on the floor and the following blocks are mounted in sequence. During installation the lateral face of each consequent block is combined with the lateral face of the previous block, at that according to the first variant the projections 2 are located in the recesses 3 without clearance, in a single structure. According to the second variant the blocks are combined with the help of the fastening element 10 , installed in the channel 5 and fixing their location. For formation of the inclined beam the blocks with the inclined sections 4 are used. Combining the blocks 1 between each other and connecting them with the fastening elements or fixing material, the required structure is assembled. At that the blocks 1 are laid in relation of the axe of the laying center at one of directions and increased without displacement.
  • the proposed invention allows to execute mortarless erection of rigidly bound laying of vertical, inclined, cupola-shaped, pyramid-shaped and any other embodiment.
  • the block has possibility of fastening redecoration elements and different communication lines in the grooves on the side faces.
  • the proposed construction allow to enlarge a range of possible variants of mutual blocks fastening, both simply due to the forces of gravity and friction and with the aid of local fastening elements, pins or their combination.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
US17/282,227 2018-12-10 2019-12-06 Building block (variants) Abandoned US20210348384A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2018143701 2018-12-10
RU2018143701A RU2712905C1 (ru) 2018-12-10 2018-12-10 Строительный блок
PCT/IB2019/001330 WO2020121060A1 (ru) 2018-12-10 2019-12-06 Строительный блок (варианты)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20210348384A1 true US20210348384A1 (en) 2021-11-11

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ID=69625105

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/282,227 Abandoned US20210348384A1 (en) 2018-12-10 2019-12-06 Building block (variants)

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20210348384A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP3896236A1 (ru)
CN (1) CN112789385A (ru)
GB (1) GB2591907B (ru)
RU (1) RU2712905C1 (ru)
WO (1) WO2020121060A1 (ru)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220397197A1 (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Domido Limited Self-centering sealing insert

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4297816A (en) * 1979-07-12 1981-11-03 George Kella Interlocking construction block
RU2074296C1 (ru) * 1993-11-22 1997-02-27 Евгений Викторович Лапин Строительный блок лапина е.в.
CN2233433Y (zh) * 1995-11-17 1996-08-21 丁正乙 连接式砌块
US6088987A (en) * 1995-12-21 2000-07-18 Simmons; Scott Modular building materials
AU3554897A (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-02-16 Kobahidze, Vitaly Interlocking building block system and methods of constructing walls, including with a thermal insulation
WO2008127980A1 (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-23 Microth, Inc. Interlocking spatial components
RU69893U1 (ru) * 2007-09-12 2008-01-10 Александр Иванович Будченко Блок строительный
US8225578B2 (en) * 2010-01-11 2012-07-24 Mohammad Reza Azizi Ronagh Flexible interlocking mortarless wall unit and construction method
US8667750B2 (en) * 2011-08-09 2014-03-11 Tie-Cast Systems, Inc. Masonry reinforcement system
CA2934733A1 (en) * 2014-01-20 2015-07-23 University Of Manitoba Surface reinforced concrete masonry units
RU157900U1 (ru) * 2015-03-16 2015-12-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Иж-Арболит" Блок строительный
CN204919955U (zh) * 2015-08-26 2015-12-30 郑州航空工业管理学院 开槽内嵌式砌块及含该砌块的阻尼填充墙
US20200222821A1 (en) * 2017-05-27 2020-07-16 Fredric A Lange Cube Based Building Block System

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220397197A1 (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Domido Limited Self-centering sealing insert

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB202104141D0 (en) 2021-05-05
WO2020121060A1 (ru) 2020-06-18
EP3896236A1 (en) 2021-10-20
GB2591907B (en) 2023-02-08
GB2591907A (en) 2021-08-11
RU2712905C1 (ru) 2020-01-31
CN112789385A (zh) 2021-05-11

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