US20210167629A1 - Large energy absorption and distribution system - Google Patents

Large energy absorption and distribution system Download PDF

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Publication number
US20210167629A1
US20210167629A1 US17/111,479 US202017111479A US2021167629A1 US 20210167629 A1 US20210167629 A1 US 20210167629A1 US 202017111479 A US202017111479 A US 202017111479A US 2021167629 A1 US2021167629 A1 US 2021167629A1
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Prior art keywords
energy
array
receptor
absorption
transient high
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David Hamilton
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/001—Energy harvesting or scavenging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/30—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using light, e.g. lasers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to energy collection and management, and more specifically to transient high energy collection and management.
  • Lightning is not the only source of transient high energy.
  • the invention advantageously fills the aforementioned deficiencies by providing a large energy absorption and distribution system and methods for use thereof.
  • the invention is configured to collect transient high energy, and potential energy, from environmental sources (such as, for example, lightning, ionization clouds, ionizing radiation, coronal mass ejections) and man-made sources (e.g., rapid chargers, electromagnetic bursts), and manage it for storage and use. While certain embodiments of the invention include both collection and management features, some embodiments include only one of such aspects. That is, the invention includes novel features for the collection of transient high energy from environmental and man-made sources, and includes novel features for the management of the received transient high energy.
  • environmental sources such as, for example, lightning, ionization clouds, ionizing radiation, coronal mass ejections
  • man-made sources e.g., rapid chargers, electromagnetic bursts
  • aspects of the invention can be applied to effect one or more of the following solutions, in addition to other solutions made possible by the present disclosure:
  • a stationary energy collection and storage farm located in a location that through environmental analysis is determined to frequently experience transient high energy events, that collects transient high energy from an environmental energy source (e.g., lightning) using an absorption array and manages processing and storage of the energy into a high energy density form, such as, into an on-site battery array, through methods including but not limited to electromagnetic transmission of energy;
  • an environmental energy source e.g., lightning
  • a mobile energy collection and storage vehicle e.g., a truck, airplane, or boat
  • travels to locations that through environmental analysis are determined to frequently experience transient high energy events, to collect transient high energy from environmental energy sources (e.g., lightning) and manage processing and storage (e.g. into on-vehicle batteries) or use of the energy;
  • environmental energy sources e.g., lightning
  • processing and storage e.g. into on-vehicle batteries
  • a consumer vehicle e.g., a car or truck
  • a man-made energy source e.g., a rapid charger or electromagnetic radiation field generator
  • an environmental energy source e.g., lightning
  • transient high voltage energy suppressors or arrestors e.g., lightning rods
  • an environmental energy source e.g., lightning
  • a space-faring vehicle e.g., satellite, space station, rocket, rover
  • a receptor array e.g., antennae or nodes
  • an outer space environment e.g., ionizing radiation or energy from coronal mass ejections
  • system of the invention includes one or more of the following aspects:
  • an environmental energy collection system configured to obtain transient high energy from an environment
  • transient high energy management system configured to process transient high energy.
  • the environmental energy collection system includes one or more of the following aspects:
  • A an energy receptor array (e.g., of lightning rods, electromagnetic receivers, etc.) that is configured to receive energy from an environment;
  • an energy receptor array e.g., of lightning rods, electromagnetic receivers, etc.
  • an energy source sensor array e.g., of ionization sensors, voltage sensors, heat sensors, magnetism sensors, etc. that is configured to monitor the environment for a source of energy
  • an energy channelling array e.g., of energy beams, conductive filaments, etc.
  • the transient high energy management system includes one or more of the following aspects:
  • an energy surge control array e.g., of transient energy surge suppressors, etc. that is configured to control the flow of energy received from the energy receptor array;
  • an energy absorption array e.g., of capacitor layers, graphene layers, etc. that is configured to absorb energy from the energy surge control array
  • an energy storage array e.g., of batteries, other high density storage, etc.
  • an energy storage array e.g., of batteries, other high density storage, etc.
  • energy is available from the environment in other forms, such as clouds of ionized particles, currents of electrons, currents of charged particles, and electromagnetic radiation.
  • a common source of energy from ionized particles in the environment is lightning.
  • Electrically conductive rods and structures can attract ionized energy, and are used to attract ionized energy when used as lighting rods, which are designed to attract lightning and direct the energy of the lightning into the ground to be absorbed without harm to surrounding people and infrastructure.
  • sources of energy include sources of ionizing radiation such as, without limitation, coronal mass ejections, solar winds, ultraviolet rays, magnetic fields, and volcanos.
  • Other environmental sources of energy include sources of electromagnetic radiation, such as, without limitation, voltage surges, nuclear blasts, planetary magnetospheres, coronal mass ejections, and ionized plasma.
  • the system of the invention is configured to collect and manage these and other energies, whether environmental or man-made.
  • the receptor array is preferably configured to receive energy from an environment.
  • a preferred configuration includes one or more electrically conductive structures and/or equipment that can charge and channel atmospheric or environmental ionization. While any suitable electrically conductive structures can be used, preferred structures are vertically extending electrically conductive rods, filaments, particles, or other electrical current receptors.
  • one or more attraction points, or rods, of the array are arranged to be spaced from one another to cover a greater area (vertically, horizontally, or both) than would more tightly spaced or fewer attraction points. While any spacing arrangement can be used, a grid in which the attraction points are evenly spaced is preferred due to efficiency and predictability benefits.
  • the energy source sensor array of the invention preferably includes one or more sensors to monitor the environment for a source of energy, and further preferably, an approximate or definitive location of an impending high energy event. More preferably, to increase the efficiency of the energy source sensor array of the invention, one or more sensors of the array are preferably arranged to be spaced from one another to cover a greater area (vertically, horizontally, or both) than would more tightly spaced or fewer sensors. While any spacing arrangement can be used, a grid in which the sensors are evenly spaced is preferred due to efficiency and predictability benefits.
  • Certain devices and techniques can be used to direct ionized energy or other energy.
  • Such channelling devices and techniques include but are not limited to channeling tool deployment devices and techniques, for deploying channeling tools such as directed energy beams (e.g., lasers), elongated conductive filaments, or a stream of particles.
  • An important feature of the invention is to move the processing of energy from being external to the use device (e.g., a vehicle or building), to being internal to the use device.
  • the use device e.g., a vehicle or building
  • the present invention instead enables a building to receive energy at high flow nearly instantaneously, and process the energy for storage and use by the appliances. Therefore, the invention enables buildings to obtain energy from transient high energy sources, such as artificial high speed, high voltage sources, or naturally from the environment (e.g., from lightning or electromagnetic fields) alternatively or in addition to traditional energy sources and in doing so, potentially reduces the cost of the energy and increases the convenience of obtaining the energy.
  • transient high energy sources such as artificial high speed, high voltage sources, or naturally from the environment (e.g., from lightning or electromagnetic fields) alternatively or in addition to traditional energy sources and in doing so, potentially reduces the cost of the energy and increases the convenience of obtaining the energy.
  • control array is preferably configured to control energy flow received from the energy receptor array or a direct energy source.
  • Ionized energy or other energy received from transient high energy sources e.g., lightning
  • transient high energy sources e.g., lightning
  • the energy flow received from the energy receptor array is preferably controlled prior to continuing to the remainder of the system unless system capacities are capable of absorbing energy flows without the energy surge control array.
  • the absorption array is preferably configured to absorb energy from the energy surge control array.
  • the energy absorption array is preferably configured to absorb energy from the energy surge control array. While any suitable configuration can be used, a preferred configuration includes an array of supercapacitors.
  • a large array of supercapacitors can be optimized to maximize power density such that rapid uptake of electrical charge is possible given the controlled feed provided.
  • these primary layers of capacitance could be gated to prevent overcharging while enabling transfer of energy to the subsequent layers of capacitance, which would ideally contain a greater degree of energy density with amenable power density (i.e., rate of uptake) to receive charge from the primary layers.
  • Subsequent layers of capacitance can be added to the system to allow maximal capture and potential storage of the energy.
  • the supercapacitors could comprise the initial layers of the energy absorption array, which sits as a branch downstream from a controlled feed from the energy surge control array.
  • Other preferred configurations of the energy absorption array can additionally or alternatively include one or more layers of conductive chemicals or nano-particles (e.g., graphene).
  • the energy is output at a voltage and flow that can be readily accepted by batteries for long term storage.
  • the storage array is preferably configured to store energy from the energy absorption array.
  • the energy is output from the energy absorption array at a voltage and flow that can be readily accepted by batteries, or other forms of high density power storage, for long term storage. While in certain embodiments of the invention the energy can be used directly from the output of the energy absorption array (e.g., to power the system itself or related appliances), in many embodiments it will be necessary or desirable to store the absorbed energy for later use.
  • the batteries are arranged in a grid or other configuration to maximize space efficiency (e.g., conforming to an interior shape of a vehicle) and ease of maintenance.
  • one or more batteries can be easily disconnected from the grid and transported elsewhere.
  • one or more batteries can be easily disconnected from the grid and replaced with an empty or partially empty battery for recharging while the batteries being replaced are transported elsewhere for use or offsite storage.
  • the energy storage array from which the energy can be obtained for a variety of uses.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a second preferred embodiment of the invention, as a mobile energy collection and storage vehicle.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a third preferred embodiment of the invention, as a space-faring energy collection and storage vehicle.
  • the invention provides, in preferred embodiments, a large energy absorption and distribution system.
  • like numbered elements preferably have like features except as otherwise discussed.
  • An energy receptor array 112 includes a grid of evenly spaced vertically extending electrically conductive receivers spread out across acres of area at a geographic location in an environment 102 that is likely to experience transient high energy events (e.g., lightning generation 120 ). This configuration increases a likelihood of the receptor array 112 attracting energy more frequently than would other configurations.
  • An energy source sensor array 106 includes a grid of evenly spaced environmental sensors placed throughout the geographic location. This configuration increases a likelihood of the sensor array 106 finding energy sources more reliably than would other configurations.
  • An energy channelling array 110 includes at least one energy channeling device configured to deploy an energy channeling tool 108 (e.g., laser or conductive filament). Once the energy source sensor array 106 locates a high energy event (e.g., lightning generation 120 ) at a locale in the environment 102 , the energy channelling array 110 emits and manipulates the channeling tool 108 to direct the energy 120 to one of the receivers of the energy receptor array 112 .
  • an energy channeling tool 108 e.g., laser or conductive filament.
  • An energy surge control array 114 includes one or more energy surge suppressors (e.g., transient voltage surge suppressors) (e.g., arranged in parallel and/or in series) housed in a suitable structure.
  • the energy 120 received by the energy receptor array 112 passes from the energy receptor array 112 to at least one intake of the energy surge control array 114 and through the energy surge control array 114 to one or more use outlets of the energy surge control array 114 .
  • the energy surge control array 114 is configured to efficiently deliver the energy from the use outlets at a controlled flow. Such a configuration preferably enables all of the energy to pass through the energy surge control array 114 to the remainder of the system with minimal energy wasted.
  • An energy absorption array 116 includes a plurality of capacitance devices (e.g., supercapacitors and/or graphene layers) in a suitable arrangement (e.g., layers of decreasing capacitance) and housed in a suitable structure.
  • the energy from the use outlets of the energy surge control array 114 passes into the energy absorption array 116 and is absorbed by the capacitance devices, preferably in full, before being output from the energy absorption array 116 at a flow that can be readily accepted by an energy storage array 118 .
  • Such a configuration preferably enables all of the energy to be directed to the energy storage array 118 for storage and later use, and as such, minimal energy is wasted.
  • the energy storage array 118 includes a plurality of high density storage devices (e.g., batteries), in a space-saving and safety-maximizing arrangement (e.g., a grid).
  • the energy from the energy absorption array 116 passes into the energy storage array 118 and can be stored in long-term storage until needed.
  • the energy storage array 118 includes transportability and maintenance features that provide for efficient delivery and use of the stored energy.
  • this system configuration enables all of the energy received by the transient high energy event to be collected, managed, and stored for later use.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated as a mobile energy collection and storage vehicle 200 . While a truck 236 is illustrated, any vehicle can be accordingly outfitted as illustrated, including without limitation, a truck, car, SUV, aircraft, seacraft, spacecraft, or any other vehicle.
  • a first energy receptor array 212 includes a grid of evenly spaced vertically extending electrically conductive receivers located on a surface (e.g., a top surface) of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle can travel to one or more locations with one or more environments 202 that are likely to experience transient high energy events (e.g., lightning generation 220 ).
  • This mobile configuration increases a likelihood of the receptor array 212 attracting energy more frequently than would other configurations.
  • an energy source sensor array 206 includes at least one environmental sensor located on the surface of the vehicle.
  • the sensor is preferably able to obtain information about nearby locations (or other locations to which the vehicle can travel) with environments likely to experience transient high energy events (e.g., lightning generation 220 ). The vehicle can then travel to such locations to collect and manage the energy from such events.
  • This mobile configuration increases a likelihood of the sensor array 206 finding energy sources more reliably than would other configurations.
  • an energy channelling array 210 includes at least one energy channeling device configured to deploy an energy channeling tool 208 (e.g., laser or conductive filament).
  • an energy channeling tool 208 e.g., laser or conductive filament.
  • a second energy receptor array 232 includes at least one high energy rapid charging port located on the vehicle.
  • the rapid charging port is preferably configured to accept transient high energy (e.g., a “burst” of high energy) from a transient high energy supply event (e.g., a rapid flow of high energy, in contrast to a slow flow of low energy) provided by a transient high energy supply source 234 .
  • transient high energy e.g., a “burst” of high energy
  • a transient high energy supply event e.g., a rapid flow of high energy, in contrast to a slow flow of low energy
  • a first energy surge control array 214 includes one or more energy surge suppressors (e.g., transient voltage surge suppressors) (e.g., arranged in parallel and/or in series) housed in a suitable structure on board the vehicle.
  • the energy received by the first energy receptor array 212 passes from the first energy receptor array 212 to at least one intake of the first energy surge control array 214 and through the first energy surge control array 214 to one or more use outlets of the first energy surge control array 214 .
  • the energy received by the second energy receptor array 232 passes from the second energy receptor array 232 to at least one intake of the first energy surge control array 214 and through the first energy surge control array 214 to one or more use outlets of the first energy surge control array 214 .
  • the first energy surge control array 214 is configured to efficiently deliver the energy from the use outlets at a controlled flow. Such a configuration preferably enables all of the energy received by the first energy receptor array 212 and the second energy receptor array 232 to pass through the first energy surge control array 214 to the remainder of the system with minimal energy wasted.
  • a third energy receptor array 228 includes evenly spaced electromagnetic energy receivers located on the surface (e.g., a bottom surface) of the vehicle. Preferably, the vehicle can travel to one or more locations with at least one source 224 (e.g., environmental or man-made) of electromagnetic energy 230 that can be received by the third energy receptor array 228 . This mobile configuration increases the ability of the receptor array 228 to obtain energy more frequently than would other configurations.
  • a second energy surge control array 226 is configured to efficiently deliver the electromagnetic energy received by the third energy receptor array 228 from an outlet of the second energy surge control array 226 at a controlled flow.
  • the energy absorption array 116 includes a plurality of capacitance devices (e.g., supercapacitors and/or graphene layers) in a suitable arrangement (e.g., layers of decreasing capacitance) and housed in a suitable structure.
  • capacitance devices e.g., supercapacitors and/or graphene layers
  • the energy from the use outlets of the first energy surge control array 214 and the second energy surge control array 226 passes into the energy absorption array 216 and is absorbed by the capacitance devices, preferably in full, before being output from the energy absorption array 216 at a flow that can be readily accepted by an energy storage array 218 .
  • Such a configuration preferably enables all of the energy to be directed to the energy storage array 218 for storage and later use, and as such, minimal energy is wasted.
  • the energy storage array 218 includes a plurality of high density storage devices (e.g., batteries), in a space-saving and safety-maximizing arrangement (e.g., a grid).
  • the energy from the energy absorption array 216 passes into the energy storage array 218 and can be stored in until needed, whether by the vehicle for use to power on-board systems, or for delivery to other vehicles, buildings, or devices.
  • this system configuration enables all of the energy received by the transient high energy events to be collected, managed, and stored for later use.
  • a third preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated as a space-faring energy collection and storage vehicle 300 . While a space station 336 is illustrated, any space-faring vehicle can be accordingly outfitted as illustrated, including without limitation, a satellite, space station, rocket, rover, or any other vehicle.
  • a first energy receptor array 312 includes a grid of evenly spaced vertically extending electrically conductive receivers located on a surface (e.g., an edge surface) of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle can be placed in or travel to one or more locations with one or more environments that are likely to experience transient high energy events (e.g., ionized plasma 344 from coronal mass ejections from a sun 338 ). This configuration increases a likelihood of the receptor array 312 obtaining energy in greater quantities than would other configurations.
  • an energy source sensor array 306 includes at least one environmental sensor located on the surface (e.g., the edge surface) of the vehicle.
  • the sensor is preferably able to obtain information about nearby interplanetary or interstellar locations (or other locations to which the vehicle can travel) with environments likely to experience transient high energy events (e.g, ionized plasma generation 344 ). The vehicle can then travel to such locations to collect and manage the energy from such events. This configuration increases a likelihood of the sensor array 306 finding energy sources more reliably than would other configurations.
  • a first energy surge control array 314 includes one or more energy surge suppressors (e.g., transient voltage surge suppressors) (e.g., arranged in parallel and/or in series) housed in a suitable structure on board the vehicle.
  • the energy received by the first energy receptor array 312 passes from the first energy receptor array 312 to at least one intake of the first energy surge control array 314 and through the first energy surge control array 314 to one or more use outlets of the first energy surge control array 314 .
  • the first energy surge control array 314 is configured to efficiently deliver the energy from the use outlets at a controlled flow. Such a configuration preferably enables all of the energy received by the first energy receptor array 312 to pass through the first energy surge control array 314 to the remainder of the system with minimal energy wasted.
  • the first energy absorption array 316 includes a plurality of capacitance devices (e.g., supercapacitors and/or graphene layers) in a suitable arrangement (e.g., layers of decreasing capacitance) and housed in a suitable structure.
  • the energy from the use outlets of the first energy surge control array 314 passes into the first energy absorption array 316 and is absorbed by the capacitance devices, preferably in full, before being output from the first energy absorption array 316 at a flow that can be readily accepted by an energy storage array 318 .
  • a second energy receptor array 348 includes a grid of evenly spaced ionized radiation energy receivers located on the surface (e.g., the edge surface) of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle can be placed in or travel to one or more locations with at least one source of ionized energy that can be received by the second energy receptor array 348 (e.g., ionized radiation 354 from space phenomena 342 ).
  • This mobile configuration increases the ability of the receptor array 348 to obtain energy in remote locations than would other configurations.
  • an energy source sensor array 346 includes at least one environmental sensor located on the surface (e.g., the edge surface) of the vehicle.
  • the sensor is preferably able to obtain information about nearby interplanetary or interstellar locations (or other locations to which the vehicle can travel) with environments likely to experience transient high energy events (e.g, ionized radiation generation 354 ). The vehicle can then travel to such locations to collect and manage the energy from such events. This configuration increases a likelihood of the sensor array 346 finding energy sources more reliably than would other configurations.
  • a second energy surge control array 350 includes one or more energy surge suppressors (e.g., transient voltage surge suppressors) (e.g., arranged in parallel and/or in series) housed in a suitable structure on board the vehicle.
  • the energy received by the second energy receptor array 348 passes from the second energy receptor array 348 to at least one intake of the second energy surge control array 350 and through the second energy surge control array 350 to one or more use outlets of the second energy surge control array 350 .
  • the second energy surge control array 350 is configured to efficiently deliver the energy from the use outlets at a controlled flow. Such a configuration preferably enables all of the energy received by the second energy receptor array 348 to pass through the second energy surge control array 350 to the remainder of the system with minimal energy wasted.
  • the second energy absorption array 352 includes a plurality of capacitance devices (e.g., supercapacitors and/or graphene layers) in a suitable arrangement (e.g., layers of decreasing capacitance) and housed in a suitable structure.
  • the energy from the use outlets of the second energy surge control array 350 passes into the second energy absorption array 352 and is absorbed by the capacitance devices, preferably in full, before being output from the second energy absorption array 352 at a flow that can be readily accepted by the energy storage array 318 .
  • Such a configuration preferably enables all of the energy to be directed to the energy storage array 318 for storage and later use, and as such, minimal energy is wasted.
  • the energy storage array 318 includes a plurality of high density storage devices (e.g., batteries), in a space-saving and safety-maximizing arrangement (e.g., a grid).
  • the energy from the first energy absorption array 316 and the second energy absorption array 352 passes into the energy storage array 318 and can be stored in until needed, whether by the vehicle for use to power on-board systems, or for delivery to other vehicles, structures, or devices.
  • this system configuration enables all of the energy received by the transient high energy events to be collected, managed, and stored for later use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
US17/111,479 2019-12-03 2020-12-03 Large energy absorption and distribution system Abandoned US20210167629A1 (en)

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US17/111,479 US20210167629A1 (en) 2019-12-03 2020-12-03 Large energy absorption and distribution system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201962943230P 2019-12-03 2019-12-03
US17/111,479 US20210167629A1 (en) 2019-12-03 2020-12-03 Large energy absorption and distribution system

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CA (1) CA3160693A1 (fr)
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4437511A (en) * 1980-12-23 1984-03-20 Sheridan John P Solar energy absorption and distribution system with full solar, solar assist, and fireplace heat exchanger modes
US20080122424A1 (en) * 2005-01-24 2008-05-29 Yongming Zhang Integrated Sensor System Monitoring and Characterizing Lightning Events
EP2361023B1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2013-02-13 Daniel James Plant Système absorbant l'énergie
US8239150B2 (en) * 2011-05-16 2012-08-07 General Electric Company System, device, and method for detecting electrical discharges on a structure
US10119728B2 (en) * 2012-03-09 2018-11-06 Virgil Dewitt Perryman, Jr. Solar energy collection and storage

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WO2021113555A1 (fr) 2021-06-10

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