US20210162010A1 - Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins - Google Patents
Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20210162010A1 US20210162010A1 US17/171,426 US202117171426A US2021162010A1 US 20210162010 A1 US20210162010 A1 US 20210162010A1 US 202117171426 A US202117171426 A US 202117171426A US 2021162010 A1 US2021162010 A1 US 2021162010A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- targeting
- ifn
- mutant
- cells
- targeting construct
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229940079322 interferon Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 108020001507 fusion proteins Proteins 0.000 title description 22
- 102000037865 fusion proteins Human genes 0.000 title description 21
- 108010050904 Interferons Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 102000014150 Interferons Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 102000003675 cytokine receptors Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 108010057085 cytokine receptors Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 108010054267 Interferon Receptors Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 102000001617 Interferon Receptors Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 123
- 101150029707 ERBB2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 101000852865 Homo sapiens Interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 102100036718 Interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 102100022005 B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100024230 Dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 101710190014 Dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 101000897405 Homo sapiens B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002458 cell surface marker Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010078049 Interferon alpha-2 Proteins 0.000 claims 3
- 102100039350 Interferon alpha-7 Human genes 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 57
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 102100031775 Leptin receptor Human genes 0.000 description 22
- 108010019813 leptin receptors Proteins 0.000 description 22
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 21
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 21
- 102100024213 Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 Human genes 0.000 description 20
- 229940039781 leptin Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 101100407308 Mus musculus Pdcd1lg2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 19
- 108700030875 Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Proteins 0.000 description 19
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 102000016267 Leptin Human genes 0.000 description 17
- 108010092277 Leptin Proteins 0.000 description 17
- 241001529936 Murinae Species 0.000 description 17
- NRYBAZVQPHGZNS-ZSOCWYAHSA-N leptin Chemical compound O=C([C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(C)C)CCSC)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(O)=O NRYBAZVQPHGZNS-ZSOCWYAHSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 11
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 101000959794 Homo sapiens Interferon alpha-2 Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 108060001084 Luciferase Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000005089 Luciferase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 102100040018 Interferon alpha-2 Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001890 transfection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 108090000331 Firefly luciferases Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 101000852870 Homo sapiens Interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 101001057508 Homo sapiens Ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102100036714 Interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108010052090 Renilla Luciferases Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102100027266 Ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 108010085238 Actins Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 102100040019 Interferon alpha-1/13 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 101150095199 Oasl2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013612 plasmid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102000007469 Actins Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 101000959820 Homo sapiens Interferon alpha-1/13 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 238000001943 fluorescence-activated cell sorting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 210000003200 peritoneal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000003757 reverse transcription PCR Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 102000014914 Carrier Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108091026890 Coding region Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010003723 Single-Domain Antibodies Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108091008324 binding proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000000120 cytopathologic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002865 immune cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000010468 interferon response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000057 systemic toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 208000003950 B-cell lymphoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000003951 Erythropoietin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000394 Erythropoietin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100031181 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000031886 HIV Infections Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037357 HIV infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101100425753 Homo sapiens TNFRSF1A gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000611183 Homo sapiens Tumor necrosis factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100026720 Interferon beta Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000467 Interferon-beta Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010002350 Interleukin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000000588 Interleukin-2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010063738 Interleukins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000015696 Interleukins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 238000011529 RT qPCR Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000007056 Recombinant Fusion Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010008281 Recombinant Fusion Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010044012 STAT1 Transcription Factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000006381 STAT1 Transcription Factor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100038803 Somatotropin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001028 anti-proliverative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002832 anti-viral assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004443 dendritic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229940105423 erythropoietin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000013604 expression vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108020004445 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000013632 homeostatic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000051099 human IFNA2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 210000005260 human cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000033519 human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002997 osteoclast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000008443 pancreatic carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OXCMYAYHXIHQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;[2-butyl-5-chloro-3-[[4-[2-(1,2,4-triaza-3-azanidacyclopenta-1,4-dien-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]imidazol-4-yl]methanol Chemical compound [K+].CCCCC1=NC(Cl)=C(CO)N1CC1=CC=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2=N[N-]N=N2)C=C1 OXCMYAYHXIHQOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102200154281 rs267606652 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100027211 Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006306 Antigen Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010083359 Antigen Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101100383064 Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) cdaR gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100028892 Cardiotrophin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100029391 Cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710107109 Cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000000844 Cell Surface Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010001857 Cell Surface Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010009944 Colon cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001333 Colorectal Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010025905 Cystine-Knot Miniproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003718 Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006144 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle's medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000710188 Encephalomyocarditis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010017080 Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004269 Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010017213 Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004457 Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010056438 Growth hormone deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HVLSXIKZNLPZJJ-TXZCQADKSA-N HA peptide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HVLSXIKZNLPZJJ-TXZCQADKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710088172 HTH-type transcriptional regulator RipA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010019851 Hepatotoxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001117312 Homo sapiens Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100034343 Integrase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710147309 Interferon epsilon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100026688 Interferon epsilon Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100022469 Interferon kappa Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100036479 Interferon omega-1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710144961 Interferon tau-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010047761 Interferon-alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000008070 Interferon-gamma Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010074328 Interferon-gamma Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010002386 Interleukin-3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150113776 LMP1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000254158 Lampyridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004856 Lectins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001090 Lectins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010058467 Lung neoplasm malignant Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010046938 Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007651 Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000713869 Moloney murine leukemia virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001129925 Mus musculus Leptin receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108090000630 Oncostatin M Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004140 Oncostatin M Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101710160107 Outer membrane protein A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012408 PCR amplification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010061902 Pancreatic neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037581 Persistent Infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010057464 Prolactin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100024819 Prolactin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010060862 Prostate cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000236 Prostatic Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000001708 Protein Isoforms Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010029485 Protein Isoforms Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010092799 RNA-directed DNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000007400 Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000242739 Renilla Species 0.000 description 1
- 101001039853 Sonchus yellow net virus Matrix protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000036693 Thrombopoietin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010041111 Thrombopoietin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000000852 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004721 adaptive immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000007502 anemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001772 anti-angiogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001640 apoptogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000074 biopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000008275 breast carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010041776 cardiotrophin 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010002871 cardiotrophin-like cytokine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000024245 cell differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001886 ciliary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003501 co-culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011284 combination treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009144 enzymatic modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000021045 exocrine pancreatic carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000013613 expression plasmid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108700014844 flt3 ligand Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000002523 gelfiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013595 glycosylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006206 glycosylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007686 hepatotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000304 hepatotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 102000057041 human TNF Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000006058 immune tolerance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015788 innate immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035992 intercellular communication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003130 interferon gamma Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108010080375 interferon kappa Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010045648 interferon omega 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229960001388 interferon-beta Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940047124 interferons Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002523 lectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003670 luciferase enzyme activity assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000005202 lung cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020816 lung neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000015486 malignant pancreatic neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000002528 pancreatic cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006320 pegylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000861 pro-apoptotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940097325 prolactin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010814 radioimmunoprecipitation assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010839 reverse transcription Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010038196 saccharide-binding proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013207 serial dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002741 site-directed mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002415 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004988 splenocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000130 stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006016 thyroid dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003146 transient transfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000701447 unidentified baculovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000029812 viral genome replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001262 western blot Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/19—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
- A61K38/21—Interferons [IFN]
- A61K38/212—IFN-alpha
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
- A61K47/6801—Drug-antibody or immunoglobulin conjugates defined by the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/6803—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates
- A61K47/6811—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates the drug being a protein or peptide, e.g. transferrin or bleomycin
- A61K47/6813—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates the drug being a protein or peptide, e.g. transferrin or bleomycin the drug being a peptidic cytokine, e.g. an interleukin or interferon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/52—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
- C07K14/555—Interferons [IFN]
- C07K14/56—IFN-alpha
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/2803—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the immunoglobulin superfamily
- C07K16/2827—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the immunoglobulin superfamily against B7 molecules, e.g. CD80, CD86
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/2863—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against receptors for growth factors, growth regulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/2869—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against hormone receptors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/2878—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the NGF-receptor/TNF-receptor superfamily, e.g. CD27, CD30, CD40, CD95
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
- C07K16/32—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against translation products of oncogenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
- C07K2317/22—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin from camelids, e.g. camel, llama or dromedary
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
- C07K2317/569—Single domain, e.g. dAb, sdAb, VHH, VNAR or nanobody®
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/60—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by non-natural combinations of immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/62—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by non-natural combinations of immunoglobulin fragments comprising only variable region components
- C07K2317/622—Single chain antibody (scFv)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
- C07K2319/31—Fusion polypeptide fusions, other than Fc, for prolonged plasma life, e.g. albumin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2319/00—Fusion polypeptide
- C07K2319/70—Fusion polypeptide containing domain for protein-protein interaction
- C07K2319/74—Fusion polypeptide containing domain for protein-protein interaction containing a fusion for binding to a cell surface receptor
Definitions
- the disclosure described herein relates to a modified ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine, with reduced activity via an ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine receptor, wherein the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine is specifically delivered to target cells.
- the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine is a mutant, more preferably, it is a mutant interferon, with low affinity to the interferon receptor, wherein the mutant interferon is specifically delivered to target cells.
- the targeting is realized by fusion of the modified ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine to a targeting moiety, preferably an antibody.
- This disclosure relates further to the use of such targeted modified ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine to treat diseases.
- a preferred embodiment is the use of a targeted mutant interferon to treat diseases, preferably viral diseases and tumors.
- Cytokines are small proteins that play an important role in intercellular communication. Cytokines can be classified based on their structure, the largest group being the four- ⁇ -helix bundle family. This family can, based on the use of receptors, further be divided into the interferon (IFN) and interleukin (IL)-2, -3, -10 and -12 subfamilies.
- IFN interferon
- IL-2 interleukin-2
- ⁇ -helical bundle cytokines are important as possible biopharmaceuticals for treatment of human diseases. As non-limiting examples, erythropoietin is used for treatment of anemia or red blood cell deficiency, somatotropin for treatment of growth hormone deficiency, and interleukin-2 in the treatment of cancer.
- type I IFNs belong to a cytokine family having important biological functions.
- type I IFNs 13 ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇
- the assembling of the IFN-receptor complex initiates the activation of several signal transduction pathways that, depending upon the cell type, modify cellular differentiation and/or functions.
- type I IFN By acting on virtually every cell type, type I IFN is able to prevent productive viral infection. In addition, it exhibits marked antiangiogenic and proapoptotic effects. Type I IFNs are also deeply implicated in the regulation of several functions of the innate and adaptive immunity, as well as on bone homeostasis. It acts particularly on the activation/differentiation of dendritic cells and osteoclasts. The type I IFN system is, in fact, critically important for the health of mammals.
- mice Preclinical studies in mice have established a remarkable efficacy of type I IFN for the treatment of both viral or tumor diseases.
- mice cured of an experimental tumor by IFN treatment have been found immunized against the initial tumor, suggesting that IFN acts not only to engage the processes of tumor rejection but also to break the immune tolerance against the tumor.
- IFN ⁇ was approved in clinics for the treatment of both viral infection and cancer. More recently, IFN ⁇ was shown to be effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and was also approved for this pathology.
- the clinical efficacy of IFN was often found disappointing and today, other therapeutic strategies such as specific antiviral compounds, chemotherapies and monoclonal antibodies have, when possible, largely supplanted IFN broad application.
- IFN activity toward only the cellular population that should be treated with IFN (e.g., infected organ or tumor mass) or activated by IFN (e.g., subsets of immune cells).
- the patent application discloses the fusion of an antibody as targeting moiety with wild-type IFN, but also with mutated IFN.
- the IFN fragment should retain its endogenous activity at a level of at least 80%, or even at a higher level than wild-type IFN. Also, in this case, the fusion is retaining the unwanted side effects of the wild-type.
- a modified ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine with a decreased affinity for the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine receptor and a consequent decreased specific bioactivity, can be fused to a targeting moiety, wherein the bioactivity is restored toward the targeted cells, but not toward cells that are not targeted by the construct.
- Such construct has the advantage over the art of having less side effects, especially a lower systemic toxicity, while retaining the bioactivity against the target cells.
- a first aspect of this disclosure is a targeting construct comprising modified ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine, characterized by a reduced affinity for the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine receptor, and a targeting moiety.
- ⁇ -helical bundle cytokines are known to the person skilled in the art and include, but are not limited to, Cardiotrophin-like cytokine NNT-1, Ciliary neurothrophic factor, Macrophage colony stimulating factor, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, Granulocyte colony stimulating factor, Cardiotrophin-1, Erythropoietin, FLT3 ligand, Somatotropin, Interferon ⁇ -1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 21, Interferon ⁇ , Interferon ⁇ , Interferon ⁇ , Interferon ⁇ , Interferon ⁇ -1, Interferon ⁇ -1, Interleukin 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12 ⁇ chain, 13, 15, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28A, 29, 31, Ste
- a modified ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine means that the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine has been changed to alter the affinity to the receptor, with a final result that the modified ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine has a reduced affinity for the receptor and a consequent reduced biological activity, as compared to the endogenous wild-type cytokine that binds normally to the receptor.
- Such a modification can be a modification that decreases the activity of the normal wild-type cytokine, or it can be a modification that increases the affinity of a homologous, non-endogenous ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine (such as, but not limited to, a mouse ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine, binding to a human ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine receptor).
- Modifications can be any modification reducing or increasing the activity known to the person skilled in the art including, but not limited to, chemical and/or enzymatic modifications such as pegylation and glycosylation, fusion to other proteins and mutations.
- the modification is a mutation.
- a “reduced affinity” and a “consequent reduced biological activity,” as used herein, means that the modified ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine has a biological activity of less than 70% of the biological activity of the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine; even more preferably, less than 60% of the biological activity of the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine; more preferably, less than 50% of the biological activity of the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine; more preferably, less than 40% of the biological activity of the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine; more preferably, less than 30% of the biological activity of the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine; more preferably, less than 20% of the biological activity of the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine; and most preferably, less than 10% of the biological activity of the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine as compared to the ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine that normally binds to
- the modified ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine is a mutant of the wild-type ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine and the activity is compared with the wild type ⁇ -helical bundle cytokine.
- the affinity and/or the activity can be measured by any method known to the person skilled in the art.
- the activity is measured by measuring and quantifying STAT phosphorylation.
- a preferred embodiment of the disclosure is a targeting construct comprising a mutant IFN characterized by reduced affinity for the IFN receptor and a targeting moiety.
- IFN can be any IFN including, but not limited to, IFN ⁇ , IFN ⁇ and ⁇ .
- a “mutant IFN,” as used herein, can be any mutant form that has a lower affinity for the receptor and, as a consequence, a lower antiproliferative activity and/or a lower antiviral activity. Indeed, as shown by Piehler et al. (2000), the relative affinity correlates directly with the relative antiproliferative activity and with the relative antiviral activity.
- the affinity of the mutant IFN to the receptor in comparison to the affinity of the wild-type IFN to the receptor, can be measured by reflectometric interference spectroscopy under flow-through conditions, as described by Brecht et al. (1993).
- the mutant may be a point mutant, a deletion or an insertion mutant, or a combination thereof.
- the mutant IFN is obtained by active mutagenesis, such as, but not limited to, site-directed mutagenesis by polymerase chain reaction amplification.
- the mutant IFN has a biological activity of less than 70% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; even more preferably, less than 60% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; more preferably, less than 50% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; more preferably, less than 40% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; more preferably, less than 30% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; more preferably, less than 20% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; most preferably, less than 10% of the biological activity of the wild-type of which it is deduced (i.e., the wild-type IFN of which the coding sequence has been mutated to obtain the mutant IFN).
- IFN ⁇ 2 mutants have been listed in Piehler et al. (2000).
- the IFN is a type I IFN.
- the mutant is an IFN ⁇ ; even more preferably, the mutant is an IFN ⁇ 2.
- the IFN ⁇ 2 mutant is mutated in one or more amino acids of the region 144-154, preferably at positions 148, 149 and/or 153; even more preferably, the mutant IFN ⁇ 2 is selected from the group consisting of IFN ⁇ 2 L153A, IFN ⁇ 2 R149A and IFN ⁇ 2 M148A.
- the mutant is selected from the group consisting of IFN ⁇ 2 L153A and IFN ⁇ 2 R149A.
- the receptor is IFNAR2.
- the targeting moiety is targeting to a marker expressed on an IFN receptor-expressing cell, preferably a cell expressing IFNAR2.
- the targeting moiety is directed to a tissue-specific marker.
- the tissue is a cancer tissue.
- the cancer can be any cancer including, but not limited to, B cell lymphoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer or prostate cancer.
- the targeting moiety is directed to a marker selected from the group consisting of Her2 and CD20.
- the targeting moiety is directed to a cell surface marker specific for viral infected cells such as, but not limited to, influenza M2 protein, LMP1 and EBV proteins).
- the targeting moiety is directed toward an osteoclast marker such as DC-STAMP or RANK.
- an osteoclast marker such as DC-STAMP or RANK.
- IFN- ⁇ plays an important role in bone homeostasis, regulated by RANK and IFNAR coexpressing cells (Abraham et al., 2009).
- the targeting moiety is directed toward a marker specifically expressed on the surface of an immune cell type on which IFN may regulate activity and/or differentiation.
- the marker PDL2 specifically expressed on dendritic cells and some immune cells is an example.
- a targeting moiety can be a protein as a part of a specifically binding protein complex, or any specifically binding protein or protein fragment, known to the person skilled in the art. It includes, but is not limited to, carbohydrate binding domains (CBD) (Blake et al., 2006), lectin binding proteins, heavy chain antibodies (hcAb), single domain antibodies (sdAb), minibodies (Tramontano et al., 1994), the variable domain of camelid heavy chain antibodies (VHH), the variable domain of the new antigen receptors (VNAR), affibodies (Nygren et al., 2008), alphabodies (WO2010066740), designed ankyrin-repeat domains (DARPins) (Stumpp et al., 2008), anticalins (Skerra et al., 2008), knottins (Kolmar et al., 2008) and engineered CH2 domains (nanoantibodies; Dimitrov, 2009).
- CBD carbohydrate binding domain
- the targeting construct can be any targeting construct known to the person skilled in the art.
- the targeting moiety may be chemically linked to the mutant interferon, or it may be a recombinant fusion protein.
- the targeting construct is a recombinant fusion protein.
- the targeting moiety may be fused directly to the mutant IFN, or it may be fused with the help of a linker fragment.
- the targeting moiety may be fused at the aminoterminal or at the carboxyterminal end of the mutated IFN; preferably, the targeting moiety is fused at the amino-terminal extremity of the mutated IFN molecule.
- Another aspect of the disclosure is a targeting construct according to the disclosure for use as a medicament.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is the use of a targeting construct according to the disclosure for the manufacture of a medicament to treat cancer.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is the use of a targeting construct according to the disclosure for the manufacture of a medicament to treat a viral disease.
- the viral disease may be HIV infection, HBV infection or HCV infection.
- Another aspect of the disclosure is a targeting construct according to the disclosure for use in treatment of cancer.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is a targeting construct according to the disclosure for use in treatment of a viral disease.
- the viral disease may be HIV infection, HBV infection or HCV infection.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is a targeting construct according to the disclosure for use in treatment of diseases involving bone degradation, such as, but not limited to, osteoporosis.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a targeting construct according to the disclosure and a suitable excipient. It is clear for the person skilled in the art that such a pharmaceutical composition can be used alone, or in a combination treatment, such as, but not limited to, a combination with chemotherapy.
- FIG. 1 Representation of the structural elements of the nanobody-IFN fusion protein.
- FIG. 2 Firefly luciferase activity induced by the indicated IFN preparation on HL116 cells (panels A and B) or HL116 cells expressing the murine leptin receptor (mLR) (panels C and D).
- FIG. 3 Renilla (light grey) and Firefly (dark grey) luciferase activity induced by the nanobody-IFN ⁇ 2R149A or by the IFN ⁇ 2 (7 pM) in a 1:1 coculture of cells expressing the leptin receptor and an IFN-inducible firefly luciferase or in cells expressing an IFN-inducible renilla luciferase but devoid of leptin receptor. Luciferase activities are expressed as a percentage of the luciferase activities induced by 3 nM IFN ⁇ 2.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B Activity of the purified constructs targeting the mLR: FIG. 4A , Quantification of their specific activities on cells expressing the target (HL116-mLR) or on cells lacking the target (HL116). FIG. 4B , Calculation of the targeting efficiencies of the different constructs.
- FIG. 5 Activity of the construct 4-11-IFNA2-R149A in presence and absence of the unconjugated leptin receptor binding nanobody.
- HL116 cells expressing the mLR were incubated for 6 hours with either the IFN- ⁇ 2 (IFNA2) or the IFNA2-R149A fused to the nanobody 4-11 (Nanobody-IFNA2-R149A) at their respective EC50 concentration in the presence or absence (control) of a 100-fold molar excess of free 4-11 nanobody.
- IFNA2 IFN- ⁇ 2
- Nanobody-IFNA2-R149A nanobody 4-11
- FIG. 6 Targeting the mutant IFN using the leptin binding nanobody 4-10.
- FIG. 7 Firefly luciferase activity induced in HL116 cells expressing the mLR by the nanobody-IFN ⁇ 2R149A in the presence of anti IFNAR1 monoclonal antibody 64G12 (Benoit et al., J. Immunol. 150:707-716, 1993) or anti IFNAR2 monoclonal antibody MMHAR2 (PBL Interferon Source).
- FIGS. 8A and 8B Specificity of the targeting of 4-11-IFNA2-R149A to cells expressing the mLR.
- FIG. 8A Cytopathic effect of the EMCV on HL116 cells (dark gray symbols) or on HL116-mLR (light grey symbols) of parental IFNA2 (upper left panel) or of the 4-11-IFNA2-R149A (lower left panel).
- FIG. 8B Upper panel: calculated EC50 for antiviral activity; lower panel: calculated targeting efficiencies.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B Specific activities (EC50) of IFN ⁇ 2 ( FIG. 9A ) and the nanobody-IFN ⁇ 2R149A (2R5A; FIG. 9B ) on BXPC3 and BT474 cell lines, which express different number of Her2 molecule at their surface (10.9 ⁇ 10 3 and 478 ⁇ 10 3 , respectively).
- the ordinate scale of FIG. 9A cannot be compared to the ordinate scale of FIG. 9B .
- FIG. 10 Targeting of the 1R59B-IFNA2-Q124R to human Her2 expressing mouse cells. Quantification of the OASL2 mRNA expression in BTG9A cells with and without Her2 expression.
- FIG. 11 Targeting of mutant IFNA2 to human Her2 expressing mouse cells, using a single chain antibody. Quantification of the ISG15 mRNA expression in BTG9A cells with and without Her2 expression.
- FIG. 12 Control of the activation of Her2 phosphorylation: Lanes 13 to 76: no phosphorylated Her2 in extract of BTG9A cells expressing human Her2 treated with different concentration (200 pM for lanes 3 to 5, 2 nM for lane 6) and time (lane 3: 5 minutes, lanes 4 and 6: 10 minutes, lane 5: 30 minutes) with the construct 1R59B-IFNA2-Q124R. Lanes 7 and 8: control for the detection of phosphorylated Her2 in the human BT474 cell line. Lane 1: extract of BTG9A cells. Lane 2: extract of BTG9A cells expressing human Her2.
- FIG. 13 Targeting the anti-PD-L2 122-IFNA2-Q124R to mouse primary cells endogenously expressing PD-L2.
- the activation is measured as STAT phosphorylation.
- the light gray area represents the PD-L2-negative cell population; the dark gray area represents the PD-L2-positive population.
- FIG. 14 In vivo targeting of 122-IFNA2-Q124R to PD-L2 expressing cells. Mice were injected intraperitoneally (IP) or intravenous (IV) with either PBS, a control construct (nanobody against GFP fused to mutant IFNA2-Q124R, indicated as control) or a targeted mutant IFN (targeted to PD-L2, Nb122-IFN2-Q124R, indicated as 122-Q124R. The light gray area represents the PD-L2-negative cell population; the dark gray area represents the PD-L2-positive population.
- IP intraperitoneally
- IV intravenous
- FIG. 15 Dose response curve after IV injection of 122-IFN-Q124R in mice.
- the light gray area represents the PD-L2-negative cell population; the dark gray area represents the PD-L2-positive population.
- FIG. 16 Leptin-dependent growth induced by targeted mutant leptin: the loss in activity of a mutant leptin can be rescued in Ba/F3 cells expressing the human TNFR1.
- First two panels experiment using the H6-leptin construct; second two panels, experiment using the mleptin construct. H6 indicated the his tag (6 ⁇ his).
- FIG. 17 construction of the targeted leptin constructs (SEQ ID NOS:9 and 10).
- the nanobody 4-11 directed against the murine leptin receptor was described in Zabeau et al. (2012), and in the patent application WO 2006/053883. Its coding sequence is cloned into the mammalian expression vector pMET7 (Takebe et al., 1988) in fusion with the SIgk leader peptide, the HA tag and albumin. Plasmid name: pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-Albumin.
- the nanobody 4-10 is also described in Zabeau et al. (2012).
- the anti Her2 nanobodies 1R59B and 2R5A are described in Vaneycken et al. (2011). They were fused to the human IFNA2-Q124R and to the human IFNA2-R149A in the pMET7 vector. Fusion protein was produced by transfection of 293T cells.
- the anti PD-L2 nanobody 122 was from Johan Grooten (VIB, Gent, Belgium). It was fused to the human IFNA2-Q124R in the pMET7 vector. The fusion protein was produced by transfection of 293T cells and purified using the HisPur Ni-NTA purification kit (Pierce, Thermo Scientific).
- the anti TNF nanobody was obtained from Claude Libert (VIB).
- the anti Her2 ScFv was obtained from Andrea Plückthun (Wörn et al., 1998). It was fused to the human IFNA2-Q124R in the pMET7 vector. The fusion protein was produced by transfection of 293T cells.
- IFN ⁇ 2 and the mutants L153A and R149A which show an IFNAR2 affinity reduced by a factor 10 and 100, respectively, have been described in Roisman et al. (2001).
- IFN coding sequences are cloned in the pT3T7 vector (Stratagene) in fusion with the ybbR tag. Plasmid names: pT7T3ybbR-IFN ⁇ 2, pT7T3ybbR-IFN ⁇ 2-L153A, pT7T3ybbR-IFN ⁇ 2-R149A.
- the human IFNA2 Q124R has a high affinity for the murine IFNAR1 chain and a low affinity for the murine IFNAR2 chain. (Weber et al., 1987.)
- the coding sequence of the IFN ⁇ 2, wild-type, L153A and R149A were synthesized by PCR from the corresponding pT3T7ybbR IFN ⁇ 2 plasmids using the Expand High Fidelity PCR system from Roche Diagnostics and the following primers: Forward: 5′GGGGGGTCCGGACCATCACCATCACCATCACCATCACCCTGCTTCTCCCGC CTCCCCAGCATCACCTGCCAGCCCAGCAAGTGATAGCCTGGAATTTATTGC3′ (SEQ ID NO:1), Reverse: 5′CGTCTAGATCATTCCTTACTTCTTAAAC3′ (SEQ ID NO:2).
- This PCR introduces a His tag and a series of five Proline-Alanine-Serine (PAS) repeats at the amino terminal extremity of the IFNs.
- the PCR products were digested with BspEI and XbaI and cloned into BspEI-XbaI digested pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-Albumin vector to obtain pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2, pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-L153A and pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-R149A.
- the human mutant Q124R was fused to the 1R59B nanobody and to the anti-PD-L2 nanobody.
- HEK293T cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% FCS. They were transfected with pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2, pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-L153A pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-R149A, pMET7 SIgK-HA-2R5A-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-R149A, pMET7 SIgK-HA-1R59B-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-Q124R, pMET7 SIgK-HA-4D5-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-Q124R or pMET7 SIgK-HA-122-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-Q124R using lipofectamin (Invitrogen). 48 hours after the
- sequences encoding the different nanobody-IFN fusions were subcloned into the baculovirus transfer plasmid pBAC-3 (Novagen). Proteins were produced by insect cells using the BacVector kit (Novagen) and purified to homogeneity using the HisPur Ni-NTA purification kit (Pierce, Thermo Scientific) and gel filtration. Protein concentrations were measured by absorbance at 280 nm.
- the HL116 clone (Uzé et al., 1994) is derived from the human HT1080 cell line. It contains the firefly luciferase gene controlled by the IFN-inducible 6-16 promoter.
- the HL116 cells were co-transfected with an expression vector encoding the short isoform of the murine leptin receptor (pMET7 mLRsh-FLAG, Eyckerman et al., 1999) and pSV2neo (Southern and Berg 1982). Stable transfected clones were isolated in G418-containing medium.
- the clone 10 was selected after analysis of the surface expression level of the murine leptin receptor by FACS, using the biotinylated anti-mouse leptin receptor antibody BAF497 from R&D and streptavidin-APC (BD Bioscience).
- HT1080 cells were cotransfected with p6-16-RL, a plasmid encoding the Renilla luciferase (from pRL-null, Promega) controlled by the IFN-inducible 6-16 promoter (from p1.8gpt-5, Pellegrini et al., 1989), pBB3 (Bourachot et al., 1982) and salmon sperm DNA (Sigma).
- Stable transfected clones were isolated in HAT-containing medium. The clone 4 was selected for a high level of renilla luciferase activity induction upon IFN induction.
- mice BTG9A cells were described in Uzé et al. (1990).
- IFN-specific activities were measured by quantifying the luciferase activity induced in HL116 cells and on the HL116 clone 10 expressing the mLR.
- the EC50 were calculated using non-linear data regression with GraphPad Prism software.
- Luciferase activities were determined on a Berthold centro LB960 luminometer using either the Firefly Luciferase Assay System or the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System from Promega after six hours IFN stimulation.
- the expression of the interferon inducible gene 6-16 was quantified by RT-PCR relative to GAPDH or ⁇ -actin.
- Cells were treated with targeted or control IFN for 4 hours.
- Total RNA was purified with RNEASY® columns (Qiagen).
- Reverse transcriptions were primed with random primers and performed using Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen).
- Quantitative real-time PCR quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed using a LIGHTCYCLER® as described (Coccia et al., 2004).
- the transfection culture medium was assayed on murine BTG9A and BTG9A cells expressing human Her2 for expression of the OASL2 gene relative to the expression of the ⁇ -actin gene by quantitative RT-PCR using a LIGHTCYCLER® (Roche) and the following primers: OASL2 forward: CAC-GAC-TGT-AGG-CCC-CAG-CGA (SEQ ID NO:3); OASL2 reverse: AGC-AGC-TGT-CTC-TCC-CCT-CCG (SEQ ID NO:4); ⁇ -actin forward: AGA-GGG-AAA-TCG-TGC-GTG-AC (SEQ ID NO:5); ⁇ -actin reverse: CAA-TAG-TGA-TGA-CCT-GGC-CGT (SEQ ID NO:6).
- ISG15 forward GAG-CTA-GAG-CCT-GCA-GCA-AT (SEQ ID NO:7)
- ISG15 reverse TTC-TGG-GCA-ATC-TGC-TTC-TT (SEQ ID NO:8).
- the antiviral assay was performed using the EMC virus and scoring the virus replication-dependent cytopathic effect as described in Stewart (1979).
- BTG9A cells expressing human Her2 were treated with 200 pM to 2 nM of 1R59B-IFNA2-Q124R for 10 to 30 minutes. Cells were lysed in RIPA, and analyzed by Western blot on an Odyssey Fc (Licor Bioscience) after 7% SDS-PAGE (40 ng/lane). Phospho-Her2 was detected with the anti Her2 Y-P 1248 (Upstate #06-229) and the Goat anti rabbit secondary antibody IRDye 680 (Licor Bioscience #926-32221).
- STAT1 phosphorylated on Y701 were detected by FACS using the STAT1-PY701 (PE) (Becton Dickinson #612564) and the manufacturer instruction for the PhosFlowTM technology.
- the sequence of the targeted leptin constructs is given in FIG. 17 .
- the L86 that is indicated is the amino acid that is mutated either to S or N.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the nanobody-IFN fusion proteins constructed with either IFN ⁇ 2 wild-type or the L153A and R149A mutants.
- Example 2 IFN Activity of the Nanobody-IFN Fusion Proteins is Targeted Toward Murine Leptin Receptor Expressing Cells
- the three nanobody fusion proteins with IFN ⁇ 2 WT, IFN ⁇ 2 L153A or R149A were assayed on both HL116 and HL116-mLR-clone 10 cells, which express the murine leptin receptor.
- the IFN ⁇ 2 alone was also assayed in this assay system in order to check that the two cell clones do not differ in their IFN responsiveness. Indeed, both HL116 and HL116-mLR-clone 10 cells are equally sensitive to this IFN ( FIGS. 2A and 2C , black symbols).
- the IFN activity of the three nanobody-IFN fusion proteins is, however, dramatically increased in cells expressing the leptin receptor compared to parental HL116 cells (compare FIG. 2A with FIG. 2C and FIG. 2B with FIG. 2D ).
- the nanobody-IFN ⁇ 2R149A was assayed on a coculture of HL116-mLR-clone10 and HT1080-6-16 renilla luciferase clone4. Both cell types will express luciferase activity in response to IFN stimulation, but cells expressing the target of the nanobody will display a firefly luciferase activity, whereas cells devoid of leptin receptor will display a renilla luciferase activity.
- FIG. 3 shows clearly that the renilla luciferase activity is not induced upon stimulation of the co-culture with the nanobody-IFN ⁇ 2R149A, indicating that the targeted IFN activity is delivered only on cells expressing the antigen recognized by the nanobody.
- the efficacy of the targeting is further illustrated by comparing the activity of wild-type and two types of mutant IFN (L153A and R149A) when added to HL116 expressing or not expressing the murine leptin receptor that is used for the targeting.
- the results clearly show that the activity of the mutants is higher when the construct is targeted, and that the effect of targeting for the mutant is bigger than for wild-type ( FIGS. 4A and 4B ).
- HL116 cells expressing the mLR were incubated for 6 hours with either the IFN- ⁇ 2 (indicated as IFNA2) or the IFNA2-R149A fused to the nanobody 4-11 (Nanobody-IFNA2-R149A) at their respective EC50 concentration in the presence or absence (control) of a 100-fold molar excess of free 4-11 nanobody.
- Cells were lysed and the IFN-induced luciferase activities were measured.
- the non-targeted IFN is not inhibited by the free nanobody, while the targeted construct is strongly inhibited, showing the specific effect of the targeting.
- the targeting to the leptin receptor is independent of the epitope on the receptor: using the anti-leptin receptor nanobody 4-10 (Zabeau et al., 2012), which recognizes a different domain on the receptor than the nanobody 4-11, a similar activation can be obtained using a targeted mutant IFN ( FIG. 6 ).
- Example 3 The IFN Activity of the Nanobody-IFN Fusion Proteins on Cells Expressing the Leptin Receptor is Mediated by Both IFN Receptor Chains
- HL116 cells expressing the murine leptin receptor were pretreated with neutralizing antibodies against IFNAR1 or IFNAR2, and then stimulated with the nanobody-IFNA2-R149A fusion protein.
- the activity of the IFN-induced luciferase was measured.
- FIG. 7 shows that both anti-IFNAR1 and anti-IFNAR2 neutralizing antibodies inhibit the IFN activity of the nanobody-IFNA2-R149A.
- Antiviral activity is an integrated part of the IFN response, implying the expression of several genes. Therefore, the antiviral activity on mLR-expressing cells was controlled, after targeting the mutant R149A IFN using the anti-leptin receptor antibody 4-11.
- the results are summarized in FIG. 8 .
- the activity was measured as the cytopathic effect on HL116 cells, with or without leptin receptor expression.
- the specific antiviral activity of the 4-11-IFNA2-R149A nanobody-IFN fusion protein is 716-fold higher when assayed on leptin receptor-expressing cells compared to HL116 cells.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B show the EC 50 determination of IFNA2 activity ( FIG. 9A ) and 2R5A-IFNA2-R149A activity ( FIG. 9B ) for the induction of the IFN-inducible gene 6-16 on BXPC3 and BT474 cell lines.
- FIG. 9A shows that BXPC3 and BT474 cell lines exhibit the same sensitivity to IFN- ⁇ 2.
- FIG. 9B shows that the 2R5A-IFNA2-R149A nanobody-IFN fusion protein is much more potent on the BT474 cell line, which expresses 40-fold more Her2 molecule than BXPC3.
- the concept that consists of targeting type I IFN activity on cells expressing a specific cell surface antigen, as shown on human cells expressing the mouse leptin receptor, can be extended to untransfected human cells expressing another cell surface molecule from a different structural family, at a level naturally found in several types of breast carcinoma.
- Mutant human IFNA2 Q149R was targeted to murine cells, expressing the human Her2, using the nanobody 1R59B in the 1R59B-IFNA2-Q124R.
- the IFNA2 Q124R has a high affinity for the murine IFNAR1 chain and a low activity for the murine IFNAR2 chain (Weber et al., 1987).
- the induction by IFN was measured as expression of the OASL2 messenger RNA, by RT-QPCR. The results are shown in FIG. 10 . There is clearly a targeting-specific induction in the Her2-expressing cells, whereas there is no significant expression detected in untransfected BTG9A cells.
- Example 8 The Anti PD-L2 Nb122-IFNA2-Q124R Construct Activity is Targeted on Mouse Primary Cells Expressing PD-L2
- Cells from a mouse peritoneal cavity were isolated and treated in vitro with Nb122-IFNA2-Q124R or natural mIFN ⁇ / ⁇ for 30 minutes. Cells were, fixed, penneabilized, labelled with antibodies against PD-L2 (APC) (BD #560086) and STAT1-PY701 (PE) (BD #612564) and analyzed by FACS.
- APC PD-L2
- PE STAT1-PY701
- the PD-L2-positive cell population represents 20% of the total cell population present in the mouse peritoneal cavity.
- the same result is obtained if the IFN response of splenocytes is analyzed in a similar experiment.
- the PD-L2-positive cell population represents 1% of the total cell population present in mouse spleen, indicating that also a minor cell population can be targeted in an efficient way.
- Example 9 In Vivo Injection of 122-IFNA2-Q124R Construct Induces an IFN Response Only in PD-L2-Expressing Cells
- mice were injected (IP or IV) with either PBS, Nb122-IFNA2-Q124R or a control Nb (against GFP) fused to IFNA2-Q124R.
- mice were killed, cells from the peritoneal cavity were recovered by washing the peritoneal cavity with PBS, fixed (PhosLow Fix buffer I BD #557870), permeabilized (PhosFlow Perm buffer III, BD #558050), labelled with Abs against PD-L2 (APC) (BD #560086) and STAT1-PY701 (PE) (BD #612564) and analyzed by FACS. The results are shown in FIG. 14 .
- STAT1-P coincides in PD-L2-positive and -negative cells treated with either PBS or control nanobody. However, a clear induction in STAT1-P (only in the PD-L2-positive cell population) can be seen when the mice are injected with the targeted mutant IFN.
- STAT1-P was checked in mice, iv injected with different doses of natural mouse IFN (10,000, 100,000 or 1,000,000 units), and no difference in STAT1-P could be detected between the PD-L2-positive and PD-L2-negative cells.
- FIG. 15 shows a similar dose response curve after iv injection of the Nb122-IFNA2-Q124R construct. A shift in STAT1-P in the PD-L2 expressing cells can be noticed even at the lowest dose of 64 ng.
- Ba/F3 cells are growth-dependent on IL-3. After transfection with the mLR, Ba/F3 cells also proliferate with leptin. Leptin mutants with reduced affinity for their receptor are less potent in inducing and sustaining proliferation of Ba/F3-mLR cells. Leptin mutant L86S has a moderate, and mutant L86N has a strong, reduction in affinity and, hence, a moderate and strong reduced capacity to induce proliferation, respectively.
- Chimeric proteins consisting of leptin and a nanobody against human TNFR1 will bind to cells carrying the mLR and to cells carrying the hTNFR1.
- Chimeric proteins with leptin mutants L86S and L86N have reduced affinity for the LR but retain their affinity for the hTNFR1.
- Chimeric proteins were produced by transient transfection of Hek293T cells with expression plasmids. Supernatant was 0.45 ⁇ m filtered and serially diluted in 96-well plates for the assay. A serial dilution of purified recombinant leptin was used as a reference. 3000 to 10000 cells were plated per well and proliferation was measured by staining with XTT four or five days later. OD was measured at 450 nm. The results are shown in FIG. 16 , for two experiments using a different leptin construct (see FIG. 17 ).
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application is a national phase entry under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Patent Application PCT/EP2013/050787, filed Jan. 17, 2013, designating the United States of America and published in English as International Patent Publication WO 2013/107791 A1 on Jul. 25, 2013, which claims the benefit under
Article 8 of the Patent Cooperation Treaty to European Patent Application Serial No. 12305075.9, filed Jan. 20, 2012. - The disclosure described herein relates to a modified α-helical bundle cytokine, with reduced activity via an α-helical bundle cytokine receptor, wherein the α-helical bundle cytokine is specifically delivered to target cells. Preferably, the α-helical bundle cytokine is a mutant, more preferably, it is a mutant interferon, with low affinity to the interferon receptor, wherein the mutant interferon is specifically delivered to target cells. The targeting is realized by fusion of the modified α-helical bundle cytokine to a targeting moiety, preferably an antibody. This disclosure relates further to the use of such targeted modified α-helical bundle cytokine to treat diseases. A preferred embodiment is the use of a targeted mutant interferon to treat diseases, preferably viral diseases and tumors.
- Cytokines are small proteins that play an important role in intercellular communication. Cytokines can be classified based on their structure, the largest group being the four-α-helix bundle family. This family can, based on the use of receptors, further be divided into the interferon (IFN) and interleukin (IL)-2, -3, -10 and -12 subfamilies. The α-helical bundle cytokines are important as possible biopharmaceuticals for treatment of human diseases. As non-limiting examples, erythropoietin is used for treatment of anemia or red blood cell deficiency, somatotropin for treatment of growth hormone deficiency, and interleukin-2 in the treatment of cancer.
- Within the α-helical bundle cytokines, type I IFNs belong to a cytokine family having important biological functions. In humans, there are 17 different type I IFNs (13α, β, κ, ω), which signal through a ubiquitously expressed cell surface receptor composed of two chains IFNAR1 and IFNAR2. The assembling of the IFN-receptor complex initiates the activation of several signal transduction pathways that, depending upon the cell type, modify cellular differentiation and/or functions.
- By acting on virtually every cell type, type I IFN is able to prevent productive viral infection. In addition, it exhibits marked antiangiogenic and proapoptotic effects. Type I IFNs are also deeply implicated in the regulation of several functions of the innate and adaptive immunity, as well as on bone homeostasis. It acts particularly on the activation/differentiation of dendritic cells and osteoclasts. The type I IFN system is, in fact, critically important for the health of mammals.
- Preclinical studies in mice have established a remarkable efficacy of type I IFN for the treatment of both viral or tumor diseases. Noteworthy, mice cured of an experimental tumor by IFN treatment have been found immunized against the initial tumor, suggesting that IFN acts not only to engage the processes of tumor rejection but also to break the immune tolerance against the tumor. Based on these studies, IFNα was approved in clinics for the treatment of both viral infection and cancer. More recently, IFNβ was shown to be effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and was also approved for this pathology. Unfortunately, the clinical efficacy of IFN was often found disappointing and today, other therapeutic strategies such as specific antiviral compounds, chemotherapies and monoclonal antibodies have, when possible, largely supplanted IFN broad application. Today, IFN is the first line therapeutic choice for only HBV and HCV chronic infections and for a limited number of tumors.
- The efficacy of type I IFN in clinical practice is limited by ineffective dosing due to significant systemic toxicity and side effects, including flu-like syndrome, depression, hepatotoxicity, autoimmune disease, thyroid dysfunction and weight loss. It would thus be highly worthwhile to target IFN activity toward only the cellular population that should be treated with IFN (e.g., infected organ or tumor mass) or activated by IFN (e.g., subsets of immune cells).
- In order to solve or limit the systemic toxicity of cytokines, specific targeting of cytokines by antibody-cytokine fusion proteins has been proposed (Ortiz-Sanchez et al., 2008). Rossi et al. (2009) specifically disclose CD20-targeted tetrameric IFNα, and its use in B-cell lymphoma therapy. However, the fusion maintains its biological activity, and is even more active than commercial pegylated IFN, which means that the unwanted side effects in human treatment would still be present, or would even be more severe. WO2009039409 discloses targeted IFN and its apoptotic and anti-tumor activities. Not only does the patent application disclose the fusion of an antibody as targeting moiety with wild-type IFN, but also with mutated IFN. However, it is stated that the IFN fragment should retain its endogenous activity at a level of at least 80%, or even at a higher level than wild-type IFN. Also, in this case, the fusion is retaining the unwanted side effects of the wild-type.
- Surprisingly, it was found that a modified α-helical bundle cytokine, with a decreased affinity for the α-helical bundle cytokine receptor and a consequent decreased specific bioactivity, can be fused to a targeting moiety, wherein the bioactivity is restored toward the targeted cells, but not toward cells that are not targeted by the construct. Such construct has the advantage over the art of having less side effects, especially a lower systemic toxicity, while retaining the bioactivity against the target cells.
- A first aspect of this disclosure is a targeting construct comprising modified α-helical bundle cytokine, characterized by a reduced affinity for the α-helical bundle cytokine receptor, and a targeting moiety. α-helical bundle cytokines are known to the person skilled in the art and include, but are not limited to, Cardiotrophin-like cytokine NNT-1, Ciliary neurothrophic factor, Macrophage colony stimulating factor, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, Granulocyte colony stimulating factor, Cardiotrophin-1, Erythropoietin, FLT3 ligand, Somatotropin, Interferon α-1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 21, Interferon β, Interferon γ, Interferon κ, Interferon ε, Interferon τ-1, Interferon ω-1, Interleukin 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12 α chain, 13, 15, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28A, 29, 31, Stem cell factor, Leptin, Leukemia inhibitor factor, Oncostatin M, Prolactin, and Thrombopoietin. For a review on α-helical bundle cytokines, see Conklin (2004). A modified α-helical bundle cytokine means that the α-helical bundle cytokine has been changed to alter the affinity to the receptor, with a final result that the modified α-helical bundle cytokine has a reduced affinity for the receptor and a consequent reduced biological activity, as compared to the endogenous wild-type cytokine that binds normally to the receptor. Such a modification can be a modification that decreases the activity of the normal wild-type cytokine, or it can be a modification that increases the affinity of a homologous, non-endogenous α-helical bundle cytokine (such as, but not limited to, a mouse α-helical bundle cytokine, binding to a human α-helical bundle cytokine receptor). Modifications can be any modification reducing or increasing the activity known to the person skilled in the art including, but not limited to, chemical and/or enzymatic modifications such as pegylation and glycosylation, fusion to other proteins and mutations. Preferably, the modification is a mutation. Even more preferably, it is a mutation decreasing the affinity of the-α-helical bundle cytokine. A “reduced affinity” and a “consequent reduced biological activity,” as used herein, means that the modified α-helical bundle cytokine has a biological activity of less than 70% of the biological activity of the α-helical bundle cytokine; even more preferably, less than 60% of the biological activity of the α-helical bundle cytokine; more preferably, less than 50% of the biological activity of the α-helical bundle cytokine; more preferably, less than 40% of the biological activity of the α-helical bundle cytokine; more preferably, less than 30% of the biological activity of the α-helical bundle cytokine; more preferably, less than 20% of the biological activity of the α-helical bundle cytokine; and most preferably, less than 10% of the biological activity of the α-helical bundle cytokine as compared to the α-helical bundle cytokine that normally binds to the receptor. Preferably, the modified α-helical bundle cytokine is a mutant of the wild-type α-helical bundle cytokine and the activity is compared with the wild type α-helical bundle cytokine. The affinity and/or the activity can be measured by any method known to the person skilled in the art. Preferably, the activity is measured by measuring and quantifying STAT phosphorylation.
- A preferred embodiment of the disclosure is a targeting construct comprising a mutant IFN characterized by reduced affinity for the IFN receptor and a targeting moiety. IFN can be any IFN including, but not limited to, IFNα, IFNβ and ω. A “mutant IFN,” as used herein, can be any mutant form that has a lower affinity for the receptor and, as a consequence, a lower antiproliferative activity and/or a lower antiviral activity. Indeed, as shown by Piehler et al. (2000), the relative affinity correlates directly with the relative antiproliferative activity and with the relative antiviral activity. The affinity of the mutant IFN to the receptor, in comparison to the affinity of the wild-type IFN to the receptor, can be measured by reflectometric interference spectroscopy under flow-through conditions, as described by Brecht et al. (1993). The mutant may be a point mutant, a deletion or an insertion mutant, or a combination thereof. Preferably, the mutant IFN is obtained by active mutagenesis, such as, but not limited to, site-directed mutagenesis by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Preferably, the mutant IFN has a biological activity of less than 70% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; even more preferably, less than 60% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; more preferably, less than 50% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; more preferably, less than 40% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; more preferably, less than 30% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; more preferably, less than 20% of the biological activity of the wild-type IFN; most preferably, less than 10% of the biological activity of the wild-type of which it is deduced (i.e., the wild-type IFN of which the coding sequence has been mutated to obtain the mutant IFN). Mutant forms of IFN are known to the person skilled in the art. As a non-limiting example, IFNα2 mutants have been listed in Piehler et al. (2000). Preferably, the IFN is a type I IFN. Even more preferably, the mutant is an IFNα; even more preferably, the mutant is an IFNα2. More preferably, the IFNα2 mutant is mutated in one or more amino acids of the region 144-154, preferably at positions 148, 149 and/or 153; even more preferably, the mutant IFNα2 is selected from the group consisting of IFNα2 L153A, IFNα2 R149A and IFNα2 M148A. Most preferably, the mutant is selected from the group consisting of IFNα2 L153A and IFNα2 R149A.
- Preferably, the receptor is IFNAR2.
- Preferably, the targeting moiety is targeting to a marker expressed on an IFN receptor-expressing cell, preferably a cell expressing IFNAR2. In one preferred embodiment, the targeting moiety is directed to a tissue-specific marker. Preferably, the tissue is a cancer tissue. The cancer can be any cancer including, but not limited to, B cell lymphoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer or prostate cancer. In another preferred embodiment, the targeting moiety is directed to a marker selected from the group consisting of Her2 and CD20. In still another preferred embodiment, the targeting moiety is directed to a cell surface marker specific for viral infected cells such as, but not limited to, influenza M2 protein, LMP1 and EBV proteins). In still another embodiment, the targeting moiety is directed toward an osteoclast marker such as DC-STAMP or RANK. Indeed, it is known that IFN-β plays an important role in bone homeostasis, regulated by RANK and IFNAR coexpressing cells (Abraham et al., 2009). In still another embodiment, the targeting moiety is directed toward a marker specifically expressed on the surface of an immune cell type on which IFN may regulate activity and/or differentiation. The marker PDL2 specifically expressed on dendritic cells and some immune cells is an example.
- A targeting moiety, as used here, can be a protein as a part of a specifically binding protein complex, or any specifically binding protein or protein fragment, known to the person skilled in the art. It includes, but is not limited to, carbohydrate binding domains (CBD) (Blake et al., 2006), lectin binding proteins, heavy chain antibodies (hcAb), single domain antibodies (sdAb), minibodies (Tramontano et al., 1994), the variable domain of camelid heavy chain antibodies (VHH), the variable domain of the new antigen receptors (VNAR), affibodies (Nygren et al., 2008), alphabodies (WO2010066740), designed ankyrin-repeat domains (DARPins) (Stumpp et al., 2008), anticalins (Skerra et al., 2008), knottins (Kolmar et al., 2008) and engineered CH2 domains (nanoantibodies; Dimitrov, 2009). Preferably, the targeting moiety consists of a single polypeptide chain and is not post-translationally modified. Even more preferably, the targeting moiety is a nanobody.
- The targeting construct can be any targeting construct known to the person skilled in the art. As a non-limiting example, the targeting moiety may be chemically linked to the mutant interferon, or it may be a recombinant fusion protein. Preferably, the targeting construct is a recombinant fusion protein. The targeting moiety may be fused directly to the mutant IFN, or it may be fused with the help of a linker fragment. The targeting moiety may be fused at the aminoterminal or at the carboxyterminal end of the mutated IFN; preferably, the targeting moiety is fused at the amino-terminal extremity of the mutated IFN molecule.
- Another aspect of the disclosure is a targeting construct according to the disclosure for use as a medicament.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is the use of a targeting construct according to the disclosure for the manufacture of a medicament to treat cancer.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is the use of a targeting construct according to the disclosure for the manufacture of a medicament to treat a viral disease. As a non-limiting example, the viral disease may be HIV infection, HBV infection or HCV infection.
- Another aspect of the disclosure is a targeting construct according to the disclosure for use in treatment of cancer.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is a targeting construct according to the disclosure for use in treatment of a viral disease. As a non-limiting example, the viral disease may be HIV infection, HBV infection or HCV infection.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is a targeting construct according to the disclosure for use in treatment of diseases involving bone degradation, such as, but not limited to, osteoporosis.
- Still another aspect of the disclosure is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a targeting construct according to the disclosure and a suitable excipient. It is clear for the person skilled in the art that such a pharmaceutical composition can be used alone, or in a combination treatment, such as, but not limited to, a combination with chemotherapy.
-
FIG. 1 : Representation of the structural elements of the nanobody-IFN fusion protein. -
FIG. 2 : Firefly luciferase activity induced by the indicated IFN preparation on HL116 cells (panels A and B) or HL116 cells expressing the murine leptin receptor (mLR) (panels C and D). Panels A and C on the one hand, and panels B and D on the other hand, were generated in two separate experiments. Consequently, only vertical comparison (panel A versus panel C or panel B versus panel D) is possible. -
FIG. 3 : Renilla (light grey) and Firefly (dark grey) luciferase activity induced by the nanobody-IFNα2R149A or by the IFNα2 (7 pM) in a 1:1 coculture of cells expressing the leptin receptor and an IFN-inducible firefly luciferase or in cells expressing an IFN-inducible renilla luciferase but devoid of leptin receptor. Luciferase activities are expressed as a percentage of the luciferase activities induced by 3 nM IFN α2. -
FIGS. 4A and 4B : Activity of the purified constructs targeting the mLR:FIG. 4A , Quantification of their specific activities on cells expressing the target (HL116-mLR) or on cells lacking the target (HL116).FIG. 4B , Calculation of the targeting efficiencies of the different constructs. -
FIG. 5 : Activity of the construct 4-11-IFNA2-R149A in presence and absence of the unconjugated leptin receptor binding nanobody. HL116 cells expressing the mLR were incubated for 6 hours with either the IFN-α2 (IFNA2) or the IFNA2-R149A fused to the nanobody 4-11 (Nanobody-IFNA2-R149A) at their respective EC50 concentration in the presence or absence (control) of a 100-fold molar excess of free 4-11 nanobody. -
FIG. 6 : Targeting the mutant IFN using the leptin binding nanobody 4-10. -
FIG. 7 : Firefly luciferase activity induced in HL116 cells expressing the mLR by the nanobody-IFNα2R149A in the presence of anti IFNAR1 monoclonal antibody 64G12 (Benoit et al., J. Immunol. 150:707-716, 1993) or anti IFNAR2 monoclonal antibody MMHAR2 (PBL Interferon Source). -
FIGS. 8A and 8B : Specificity of the targeting of 4-11-IFNA2-R149A to cells expressing the mLR.FIG. 8A , Cytopathic effect of the EMCV on HL116 cells (dark gray symbols) or on HL116-mLR (light grey symbols) of parental IFNA2 (upper left panel) or of the 4-11-IFNA2-R149A (lower left panel).FIG. 8B , Upper panel: calculated EC50 for antiviral activity; lower panel: calculated targeting efficiencies. -
FIGS. 9A and 9B : Specific activities (EC50) of IFNα2 (FIG. 9A ) and the nanobody-IFNα2R149A (2R5A;FIG. 9B ) on BXPC3 and BT474 cell lines, which express different number of Her2 molecule at their surface (10.9×103 and 478×103, respectively). The ordinate scale ofFIG. 9A cannot be compared to the ordinate scale ofFIG. 9B . -
FIG. 10 : Targeting of the 1R59B-IFNA2-Q124R to human Her2 expressing mouse cells. Quantification of the OASL2 mRNA expression in BTG9A cells with and without Her2 expression. -
FIG. 11 : Targeting of mutant IFNA2 to human Her2 expressing mouse cells, using a single chain antibody. Quantification of the ISG15 mRNA expression in BTG9A cells with and without Her2 expression. -
FIG. 12 : Control of the activation of Her2 phosphorylation: Lanes 13 to 76: no phosphorylated Her2 in extract of BTG9A cells expressing human Her2 treated with different concentration (200 pM forlanes 3 to 5, 2 nM for lane 6) and time (lane 3: 5 minutes,lanes 4 and 6: 10 minutes, lane 5: 30 minutes) with the construct 1R59B-IFNA2-Q124R.Lanes 7 and 8: control for the detection of phosphorylated Her2 in the human BT474 cell line. Lane 1: extract of BTG9A cells. Lane 2: extract of BTG9A cells expressing human Her2. -
FIG. 13 : Targeting the anti-PD-L2 122-IFNA2-Q124R to mouse primary cells endogenously expressing PD-L2. The activation is measured as STAT phosphorylation. The light gray area represents the PD-L2-negative cell population; the dark gray area represents the PD-L2-positive population. -
FIG. 14 : In vivo targeting of 122-IFNA2-Q124R to PD-L2 expressing cells. Mice were injected intraperitoneally (IP) or intravenous (IV) with either PBS, a control construct (nanobody against GFP fused to mutant IFNA2-Q124R, indicated as control) or a targeted mutant IFN (targeted to PD-L2, Nb122-IFN2-Q124R, indicated as 122-Q124R. The light gray area represents the PD-L2-negative cell population; the dark gray area represents the PD-L2-positive population. -
FIG. 15 : Dose response curve after IV injection of 122-IFN-Q124R in mice. The light gray area represents the PD-L2-negative cell population; the dark gray area represents the PD-L2-positive population. -
FIG. 16 : Leptin-dependent growth induced by targeted mutant leptin: the loss in activity of a mutant leptin can be rescued in Ba/F3 cells expressing the human TNFR1. First two panels, experiment using the H6-leptin construct; second two panels, experiment using the mleptin construct. H6 indicated the his tag (6×his). -
FIG. 17 : construction of the targeted leptin constructs (SEQ ID NOS:9 and 10). - The nanobody 4-11 directed against the murine leptin receptor was described in Zabeau et al. (2012), and in the patent application WO 2006/053883. Its coding sequence is cloned into the mammalian expression vector pMET7 (Takebe et al., 1988) in fusion with the SIgk leader peptide, the HA tag and albumin. Plasmid name: pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-Albumin.
- The nanobody 4-10 is also described in Zabeau et al. (2012).
- The anti Her2 nanobodies 1R59B and 2R5A are described in Vaneycken et al. (2011). They were fused to the human IFNA2-Q124R and to the human IFNA2-R149A in the pMET7 vector. Fusion protein was produced by transfection of 293T cells.
- The anti PD-
L2 nanobody 122 was from Johan Grooten (VIB, Gent, Belgium). It was fused to the human IFNA2-Q124R in the pMET7 vector. The fusion protein was produced by transfection of 293T cells and purified using the HisPur Ni-NTA purification kit (Pierce, Thermo Scientific). - The anti TNF nanobody was obtained from Claude Libert (VIB).
- The anti Her2 ScFv was obtained from Andrea Plückthun (Wörn et al., 1998). It was fused to the human IFNA2-Q124R in the pMET7 vector. The fusion protein was produced by transfection of 293T cells.
- Control nanobody against GFP was obtained from Katrien Van Impe (University Ghent).
- The IFNα2 and the mutants L153A and R149A, which show an IFNAR2 affinity reduced by a
factor - The human IFNA2 Q124R has a high affinity for the murine IFNAR1 chain and a low affinity for the murine IFNAR2 chain. (Weber et al., 1987.)
- The coding sequence of the IFNα2, wild-type, L153A and R149A were synthesized by PCR from the corresponding pT3T7ybbR IFNα2 plasmids using the Expand High Fidelity PCR system from Roche Diagnostics and the following primers: Forward: 5′GGGGGGTCCGGACCATCACCATCACCATCACCATCACCATCACCCTGCTTCTCCCGC CTCCCCAGCATCACCTGCCAGCCCAGCAAGTGATAGCCTGGAATTTATTGC3′ (SEQ ID NO:1), Reverse: 5′CGTCTAGATCATTCCTTACTTCTTAAAC3′ (SEQ ID NO:2). This PCR introduces a His tag and a series of five Proline-Alanine-Serine (PAS) repeats at the amino terminal extremity of the IFNs. The PCR products were digested with BspEI and XbaI and cloned into BspEI-XbaI digested pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-Albumin vector to obtain pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2, pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-L153A and pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-R149A.
- In a similar way, the human mutant Q124R was fused to the 1R59B nanobody and to the anti-PD-L2 nanobody.
- HEK293T cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% FCS. They were transfected with pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2, pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-L153A pMET7 SIgK-HA-4.11-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-R149A, pMET7 SIgK-HA-2R5A-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-R149A, pMET7 SIgK-HA-1R59B-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-Q124R, pMET7 SIgK-HA-4D5-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-Q124R or pMET7 SIgK-HA-122-His-PAS-ybbr-IFNA2-Q124R using lipofectamin (Invitrogen). 48 hours after the transfection, culture mediums were harvested and stored at −20° C.
- Alternatively, sequences encoding the different nanobody-IFN fusions were subcloned into the baculovirus transfer plasmid pBAC-3 (Novagen). Proteins were produced by insect cells using the BacVector kit (Novagen) and purified to homogeneity using the HisPur Ni-NTA purification kit (Pierce, Thermo Scientific) and gel filtration. Protein concentrations were measured by absorbance at 280 nm.
- The HL116 clone (Uzé et al., 1994) is derived from the human HT1080 cell line. It contains the firefly luciferase gene controlled by the IFN-inducible 6-16 promoter. The HL116 cells were co-transfected with an expression vector encoding the short isoform of the murine leptin receptor (pMET7 mLRsh-FLAG, Eyckerman et al., 1999) and pSV2neo (Southern and Berg 1982). Stable transfected clones were isolated in G418-containing medium. The
clone 10 was selected after analysis of the surface expression level of the murine leptin receptor by FACS, using the biotinylated anti-mouse leptin receptor antibody BAF497 from R&D and streptavidin-APC (BD Bioscience). - HT1080 cells were cotransfected with p6-16-RL, a plasmid encoding the Renilla luciferase (from pRL-null, Promega) controlled by the IFN-inducible 6-16 promoter (from p1.8gpt-5, Pellegrini et al., 1989), pBB3 (Bourachot et al., 1982) and salmon sperm DNA (Sigma). Stable transfected clones were isolated in HAT-containing medium. The
clone 4 was selected for a high level of renilla luciferase activity induction upon IFN induction. - The human pancreatic carcinoma BXPC3 (Tan et al., 1986; ATCC: CRL 1687) and breast cancer BT474 (Lasfargues et al., 1979; ATCC: HTB-20) cell lines were obtained from ATCC.
- The mouse BTG9A cells were described in Uzé et al. (1990).
- IFN-specific activities were measured by quantifying the luciferase activity induced in HL116 cells and on the
HL116 clone 10 expressing the mLR. The EC50 were calculated using non-linear data regression with GraphPad Prism software. - Luciferase activities were determined on a Berthold centro LB960 luminometer using either the Firefly Luciferase Assay System or the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System from Promega after six hours IFN stimulation.
- The expression of the interferon inducible gene 6-16 was quantified by RT-PCR relative to GAPDH or β-actin. Cells were treated with targeted or control IFN for 4 hours. Total RNA was purified with RNEASY® columns (Qiagen). Reverse transcriptions were primed with random primers and performed using Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed using a LIGHTCYCLER® as described (Coccia et al., 2004).
- For Her2, the transfection culture medium was assayed on murine BTG9A and BTG9A cells expressing human Her2 for expression of the OASL2 gene relative to the expression of the β-actin gene by quantitative RT-PCR using a LIGHTCYCLER® (Roche) and the following primers: OASL2 forward: CAC-GAC-TGT-AGG-CCC-CAG-CGA (SEQ ID NO:3); OASL2 reverse: AGC-AGC-TGT-CTC-TCC-CCT-CCG (SEQ ID NO:4); β-actin forward: AGA-GGG-AAA-TCG-TGC-GTG-AC (SEQ ID NO:5); β-actin reverse: CAA-TAG-TGA-TGA-CCT-GGC-CGT (SEQ ID NO:6). In a similar way, the ISG expression in Her2 targeted cells was measured using the same β-actin primers and the following primer ISG15 primers: ISG15 forward: GAG-CTA-GAG-CCT-GCA-GCA-AT (SEQ ID NO:7); ISG15 reverse: TTC-TGG-GCA-ATC-TGC-TTC-TT (SEQ ID NO:8).
- The antiviral assay was performed using the EMC virus and scoring the virus replication-dependent cytopathic effect as described in Stewart (1979).
- BTG9A cells expressing human Her2 were treated with 200 pM to 2 nM of 1R59B-IFNA2-Q124R for 10 to 30 minutes. Cells were lysed in RIPA, and analyzed by Western blot on an Odyssey Fc (Licor Bioscience) after 7% SDS-PAGE (40 ng/lane). Phospho-Her2 was detected with the anti Her2 Y-P 1248 (Upstate #06-229) and the Goat anti rabbit secondary antibody IRDye 680 (Licor Bioscience #926-32221).
- STAT1 phosphorylated on Y701 were detected by FACS using the STAT1-PY701 (PE) (Becton Dickinson #612564) and the manufacturer instruction for the PhosFlow™ technology.
- The sequence of the targeted leptin constructs is given in
FIG. 17 . The L86 that is indicated is the amino acid that is mutated either to S or N. -
FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the nanobody-IFN fusion proteins constructed with either IFNα2 wild-type or the L153A and R149A mutants. - The three nanobody fusion proteins with IFNα2 WT, IFNα2 L153A or R149A were assayed on both HL116 and HL116-mLR-
clone 10 cells, which express the murine leptin receptor. The IFNα2 alone was also assayed in this assay system in order to check that the two cell clones do not differ in their IFN responsiveness. Indeed, both HL116 and HL116-mLR-clone 10 cells are equally sensitive to this IFN (FIGS. 2A and 2C , black symbols). The IFN activity of the three nanobody-IFN fusion proteins is, however, dramatically increased in cells expressing the leptin receptor compared to parental HL116 cells (compareFIG. 2A withFIG. 2C andFIG. 2B withFIG. 2D ). - It was estimated that cells expressing the leptin receptor are 10-, 100- and 1000-fold more sensitive than parental HL116 cells to the nanobody-IFN WT, L153A and R149A, respectively. Since the affinities for IFNAR2 of the IFN mutant L153A and R149A are 0.1 and 0.01 relative to the WT, there is a correlation between the loss of activity caused by mutations in the IFNAR2 binding site and the targeting efficiency by the nanobody.
- In order to determine whether the IFN activity of the nanobody-IFN fusion proteins is delivered only on cells expressing the nanobody target or also on neighboring cells, the nanobody-IFNα2R149A was assayed on a coculture of HL116-mLR-clone10 and HT1080-6-16 renilla luciferase clone4. Both cell types will express luciferase activity in response to IFN stimulation, but cells expressing the target of the nanobody will display a firefly luciferase activity, whereas cells devoid of leptin receptor will display a renilla luciferase activity. The dilution of the nanobody-IFNα2R149A protein was chosen at 1/30, a dilution that induces a maximal response in cells carrying the leptin receptor and a minimal response on cells devoid of the nanobody target (see
FIGS. 2B and 2D , black curves).FIG. 3 shows clearly that the renilla luciferase activity is not induced upon stimulation of the co-culture with the nanobody-IFNα2R149A, indicating that the targeted IFN activity is delivered only on cells expressing the antigen recognized by the nanobody. - The efficacy of the targeting is further illustrated by comparing the activity of wild-type and two types of mutant IFN (L153A and R149A) when added to HL116 expressing or not expressing the murine leptin receptor that is used for the targeting. The results clearly show that the activity of the mutants is higher when the construct is targeted, and that the effect of targeting for the mutant is bigger than for wild-type (
FIGS. 4A and 4B ). - In order to prove that the targeting was nanobody specific, HL116 cells expressing the mLR were incubated for 6 hours with either the IFN-α2 (indicated as IFNA2) or the IFNA2-R149A fused to the nanobody 4-11 (Nanobody-IFNA2-R149A) at their respective EC50 concentration in the presence or absence (control) of a 100-fold molar excess of free 4-11 nanobody. Cells were lysed and the IFN-induced luciferase activities were measured. As shown in
FIG. 5 , the non-targeted IFN is not inhibited by the free nanobody, while the targeted construct is strongly inhibited, showing the specific effect of the targeting. - The targeting to the leptin receptor is independent of the epitope on the receptor: using the anti-leptin receptor nanobody 4-10 (Zabeau et al., 2012), which recognizes a different domain on the receptor than the nanobody 4-11, a similar activation can be obtained using a targeted mutant IFN (
FIG. 6 ). - In order to determine whether the IFN activity of the nanobody-IFN fusion proteins needs the activation of the IFN receptor, HL116 cells expressing the murine leptin receptor were pretreated with neutralizing antibodies against IFNAR1 or IFNAR2, and then stimulated with the nanobody-IFNA2-R149A fusion protein. The activity of the IFN-induced luciferase was measured.
FIG. 7 shows that both anti-IFNAR1 and anti-IFNAR2 neutralizing antibodies inhibit the IFN activity of the nanobody-IFNA2-R149A. - Antiviral activity is an integrated part of the IFN response, implying the expression of several genes. Therefore, the antiviral activity on mLR-expressing cells was controlled, after targeting the mutant R149A IFN using the anti-leptin receptor antibody 4-11. The results are summarized in
FIG. 8 . The activity was measured as the cytopathic effect on HL116 cells, with or without leptin receptor expression. The specific antiviral activity of the 4-11-IFNA2-R149A nanobody-IFN fusion protein is 716-fold higher when assayed on leptin receptor-expressing cells compared to HL116 cells. - In order to demonstrate that the concept is not restricted to cytokine receptor targeting, we generated similar fusion protein using the nanobody 2R5A against Her2 (Vaneycken et al., 2011) and the mutant IFN alpha2 R149A (2R5A-IFNA2-R149A). This molecule was assayed on BXPC3 (Pancreatic cancer, from ATCC) and BT474 (Breast cancer, from ATCC) cell lines and compared with the activity of IFN-α2 (IFNA2) for the induction of the 6-16 IFN-inducible gene as determined relative to GAPDH by quantitative RT-PCR. The BXPC3 and BT474 cells lines differ by their number of Her2 molecules expressed at their surface (10.9×103 and 478×103, respectively as reported by Gaborit et al. (2011)).
-
FIGS. 9A and 9B show the EC50 determination of IFNA2 activity (FIG. 9A ) and 2R5A-IFNA2-R149A activity (FIG. 9B ) for the induction of the IFN-inducible gene 6-16 on BXPC3 and BT474 cell lines.FIG. 9A shows that BXPC3 and BT474 cell lines exhibit the same sensitivity to IFN-α2.FIG. 9B shows that the 2R5A-IFNA2-R149A nanobody-IFN fusion protein is much more potent on the BT474 cell line, which expresses 40-fold more Her2 molecule than BXPC3. - In conclusion, the concept that consists of targeting type I IFN activity on cells expressing a specific cell surface antigen, as shown on human cells expressing the mouse leptin receptor, can be extended to untransfected human cells expressing another cell surface molecule from a different structural family, at a level naturally found in several types of breast carcinoma.
- Mutant human IFNA2 Q149R was targeted to murine cells, expressing the human Her2, using the nanobody 1R59B in the 1R59B-IFNA2-Q124R. The IFNA2 Q124R has a high affinity for the murine IFNAR1 chain and a low activity for the murine IFNAR2 chain (Weber et al., 1987). The induction by IFN was measured as expression of the OASL2 messenger RNA, by RT-QPCR. The results are shown in
FIG. 10 . There is clearly a targeting-specific induction in the Her2-expressing cells, whereas there is no significant expression detected in untransfected BTG9A cells. - Similar results were obtained when the Her2-specific ScFv against Her2 was used to target the mutant IFN Q124R. In this case, the IFN induction was measured using the ISG15 messenger RNA expression. The results are shown in
FIG. 11 . Again, a specific induction of ISG15 is seen in the cells expressing Her2, while there is little effect of the mutant IFN on the cells that do not express Her2. - To check whether targeting of Her2 is resulting in Her2 activation, Her2 phosphorylation was controlled in targeted cells. The results are shown in
FIG. 12 , clearly demonstrating that no phosphorylated Her2 could be detected in 1R59B-IFNA2-Q124R targeted cells, irrespective of the concentration or time of treatment. - Cells from a mouse peritoneal cavity were isolated and treated in vitro with Nb122-IFNA2-Q124R or natural mIFNα/β for 30 minutes. Cells were, fixed, penneabilized, labelled with antibodies against PD-L2 (APC) (BD #560086) and STAT1-PY701 (PE) (BD #612564) and analyzed by FACS.
- The PD-L2-positive cell population represents 20% of the total cell population present in the mouse peritoneal cavity.
- The results are shown in
FIG. 13 . It is clear from this figure that in untreated cells, or in non-targeted, murine IFN-treated cells, the peaks of STAT1-P for PD-L2 expressing and non-expressing cells coincide. Moreover, a clear induction in STAT1-P can be seen by murine IFN treatment. Treatment with the targeted mutant IFN, however, results in a specific shift in the STAT1-P only for the PD-L2 expressing cells. - The same result is obtained if the IFN response of splenocytes is analyzed in a similar experiment. The PD-L2-positive cell population represents 1% of the total cell population present in mouse spleen, indicating that also a minor cell population can be targeted in an efficient way.
- Mice were injected (IP or IV) with either PBS, Nb122-IFNA2-Q124R or a control Nb (against GFP) fused to IFNA2-Q124R. Thirty minutes post-injection, mice were killed, cells from the peritoneal cavity were recovered by washing the peritoneal cavity with PBS, fixed (PhosLow Fix buffer I BD #557870), permeabilized (PhosFlow Perm buffer III, BD #558050), labelled with Abs against PD-L2 (APC) (BD #560086) and STAT1-PY701 (PE) (BD #612564) and analyzed by FACS. The results are shown in
FIG. 14 . STAT1-P coincides in PD-L2-positive and -negative cells treated with either PBS or control nanobody. However, a clear induction in STAT1-P (only in the PD-L2-positive cell population) can be seen when the mice are injected with the targeted mutant IFN. - As a control, STAT1-P was checked in mice, iv injected with different doses of natural mouse IFN (10,000, 100,000 or 1,000,000 units), and no difference in STAT1-P could be detected between the PD-L2-positive and PD-L2-negative cells.
-
FIG. 15 shows a similar dose response curve after iv injection of the Nb122-IFNA2-Q124R construct. A shift in STAT1-P in the PD-L2 expressing cells can be noticed even at the lowest dose of 64 ng. - Ba/F3 cells are growth-dependent on IL-3. After transfection with the mLR, Ba/F3 cells also proliferate with leptin. Leptin mutants with reduced affinity for their receptor are less potent in inducing and sustaining proliferation of Ba/F3-mLR cells. Leptin mutant L86S has a moderate, and mutant L86N has a strong, reduction in affinity and, hence, a moderate and strong reduced capacity to induce proliferation, respectively.
- Additional transfection of Ba/F3-mLR cells with the human TNFα Receptor 1 (hTNFR1) lacking its intracellular domain introduces a non-functional receptor, which can function as a membrane-bound extracellular marker.
- Chimeric proteins consisting of leptin and a nanobody against human TNFR1 (here nb96) will bind to cells carrying the mLR and to cells carrying the hTNFR1. Chimeric proteins with leptin mutants L86S and L86N have reduced affinity for the LR but retain their affinity for the hTNFR1.
- Chimeric proteins were produced by transient transfection of Hek293T cells with expression plasmids. Supernatant was 0.45 μm filtered and serially diluted in 96-well plates for the assay. A serial dilution of purified recombinant leptin was used as a reference. 3000 to 10000 cells were plated per well and proliferation was measured by staining with XTT four or five days later. OD was measured at 450 nm. The results are shown in
FIG. 16 , for two experiments using a different leptin construct (seeFIG. 17 ). For both constructs, an hTNFR depending growth stimulation can be seen for the mutant constructs, whereas the hTNFR expression does not affect the growth of the cells treated with wt (non-targeted) leptin. It is clear from these results that the targeting can compensate for the negative effect of the mutation. -
- Abraham, A. K., M. Ramanathan, B. Weinstock-Guttman, and D. E. Mager (2009). Biochemical Pharmacology 77:1757-1762.
- Benoit, P., D. Maguire, I. Plavec, H. Kocher, M. Tovey, and F. Meyer (1993). J. Immunol. 150:707-716.
- Blake, A. W., L. McCartney, J. Flint, D. N. Bolam, A. B. Boraston, H. J. Gilbert, and J. P. Knox (2006). J Biol. Chem. 281:29321-29329.
- Bourachot, B., J. Jouanneau, I. Giri, M. Katinka, S. Cereghini, and M. Yaniv (1982). EMBO J. 1:895-900.
- Brecht, A., G. Gauglitz, and J. Polster (1993). Biosens. Bioelectron. 8:387-392.
- Coccia, E. M., M. Severa, E. Giacomini, D. Monneron, M.-E. Remoli, I. Julkunen, M. Cella, R. Lande, and G. Uzé (2004). Eur. I Immunol. 34:796-805.
- Conklin, D. (2004). J. Computational Biol. 11:1189-1200.
- Dimitrov, D. S. (2009). mAbs 1:26-28.
- Eyckerman, S., W. Waelput, A. Verhee, D. Broekaert, J. Vendekerckhove, and J. Tavernier (1999). Eur. Cytok. Netw. 10:549-559.
- Gaborit, N., C. Labouret, J. Vallaghe, F. Peyrusson, C. Bascoul-Mollevi, E. Crapez, D. Azria, T. Chardès, M. A. Poul, G. Mathis, H. Bazin, and A. Pèlegrin (2011). J. Biol. Chem. 286:11337-11345.
- Ortiz-Sanchez, E., G. Helguera, T. R. Daniels, and M. L. Penichet (2008). Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 8:609-632.
- Pellegrini, S., J. John, M. Shearer, I. M. Kerr, and G. R. Stark (1989). Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:4605-4012.
- Piehler, J., L. C. Roisman, and G. Schreiber (2000). J. Biol. Chem. 275:40425-40433.
- Lasfargues, E. Y., W. G. Coutino, and A. S. Dion (1979). In Vitro 15:723-729.
- Nygren, P. A. (2008). FEBS J. 275:2668-2676.
- Roisman, L. C., J. Piehler, J. Y. Trosset, H. A. Scheraga, and G. Schreiber (2001). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:13231-13236.
- Rossi, E. A., D. M. Goldenberg, T. M. Cardillo, R, Stein and C. H. Chang (2009) Blood 114:3964-3871.
- Southern, P. J. and P. Berg (1982). J. Mol. Appl. Genet. 1:327-341.
- Skerra, A. (2008). FEBS J. 275:2677-2683.
- Stewart II W. E. The Interferon System, Springer-Verlag, Wien, New York. 1979.
- Stumpp, M. T., H. K. Binz, and P. Amstutz (2008). Drug Discov. Today 13:695-701.
- Takabe, Y., M. Seiki, J. Fujisawa, P. Hoy, K. Yokata, and N. Arai (1988). Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:466-472.
- Tan, M. H., N. J. Nowak, R. Loor, H. Ochi, A. A. Sandberg, C. Lopez, J. W. Pickren, R. Berjian, H. O. Douglass, Jr., and T. M. Chu (1986). Cancer Invest. 4:15-23.
- Tramontano, A., E. Bianchi, S. Venturini, F. Martin, A. Pessi, and M. Sollazzo (1994). J. Mol. Recognition 7:9-24.
- Uzé et al. (1990). Cell 60:225-234.
- Uzé, G., S. Di Marco, E. Mouchel-Veilh, D. Monneron, M. T. Bandu, M. A. Horisberger, A. Dorques, G. Lutfalla, and K. E. Mogensen (1994). J. Mol. Biol. 243:245-257.
- Vaneycken, I., N. Devoogdt, N. Van Gassen, C. Vincke, C. Xavier, U. Wernery, S. Muyldermans, T. Lahoutte, and V. Caveliers (2011).
FASEB 1 25:2433-2446. - Weber et al. (1987).
EMBO 1 6:591-598. - Wörn et al. (1998). FEBS Lett. 427:357-361.
- Zabeau, L., A. Verhee, D. Catteeuw, L. Faes, S. Seeuws, T. Decruy, D. Elewaut, F. Peelman, and J. Tavernier (2012). Biochem. 1 441:425-434.
Claims (19)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17/171,426 US20210162010A1 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2021-02-09 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12305075 | 2012-01-20 | ||
EP12305075.9 | 2012-01-20 | ||
PCT/EP2013/050787 WO2013107791A1 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2013-01-17 | Targeted mutant alpha-helical bundle cytokines |
US14/372,730 US9492562B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2013-01-17 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US15/278,854 US9878014B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2016-09-28 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US15/717,205 US10034919B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2017-09-27 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US16/020,447 US10946070B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2018-06-27 | Targeted and mutated human-interferon fusion proteins |
US17/171,426 US20210162010A1 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2021-02-09 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/020,447 Continuation US10946070B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2018-06-27 | Targeted and mutated human-interferon fusion proteins |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20210162010A1 true US20210162010A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
Family
ID=47603651
Family Applications (5)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/372,730 Active 2033-03-06 US9492562B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2013-01-17 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US15/278,854 Active US9878014B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2016-09-28 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US15/717,205 Active US10034919B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2017-09-27 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US16/020,447 Active 2033-06-21 US10946070B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2018-06-27 | Targeted and mutated human-interferon fusion proteins |
US17/171,426 Pending US20210162010A1 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2021-02-09 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
Family Applications Before (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/372,730 Active 2033-03-06 US9492562B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2013-01-17 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US15/278,854 Active US9878014B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2016-09-28 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US15/717,205 Active US10034919B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2017-09-27 | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US16/020,447 Active 2033-06-21 US10946070B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2018-06-27 | Targeted and mutated human-interferon fusion proteins |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (5) | US9492562B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2804877B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6416628B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102050119B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104245734B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2013211059B8 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112014017876B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2861927C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2694180T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1205134A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013107791A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11753463B2 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2023-09-12 | Orionis Biosciences BV | Therapeutic targeting of non-cellular structures |
Families Citing this family (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102096224B1 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2020-04-03 | 테바 파마슈티컬즈 오스트레일리아 피티와이 엘티디 | Polypeptide constructs and uses thereof |
US9492562B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2016-11-15 | Vib Vzw | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
HUE049945T2 (en) | 2012-03-03 | 2020-11-30 | Immungene Inc | Engineered antibody-interferon mutant fusion molecules |
US11117975B2 (en) | 2013-04-29 | 2021-09-14 | Teva Pharmaceuticals Australia Pty Ltd | Anti-CD38 antibodies and fusions to attenuated interferon alpha-2B |
DK3677591T5 (en) | 2013-04-29 | 2024-08-26 | Teva Pharmaceuticals Australia Pty Ltd | Anti-CD38 antibodies and fusions to attenuated interferon alpha-2b |
EP3022305B1 (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2017-11-01 | Vib Vzw | Fusokines involving cytokines with strongly reduced receptor binding affinities |
CA2918518C (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2022-08-16 | Universiteit Gent | Targeted modified il-1 family members |
SG11201600168UA (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2016-02-26 | Vib Vzw | Targeted modified tnf family members |
SG10202010429YA (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2020-11-27 | Vib Vzw | Targeting of cytokine antagonists |
UA119352C2 (en) | 2014-05-01 | 2019-06-10 | Тева Фармасьютикалз Острейліа Пті Лтд | Combination of lenalidomide or pomalidomide and cd38 antibody-attenuated interferon-alpha constructs, and the use thereof |
EA037749B1 (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2021-05-18 | Тева Фармасьютикалз Острэйлиа Пти Лтд | INTERFERON 2b VARIANTS |
GB201504859D0 (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2015-05-06 | Vib Vzw | Viral particle based small molecule-protein interaction trap |
WO2017077382A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-11 | Orionis Biosciences Nv | Bi-functional chimeric proteins and uses thereof |
WO2017134301A1 (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-10 | Orionis Biosciences Nv | Clec9a binding agents |
US11661455B2 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2023-05-30 | Orionis Biosciences BV | Chimeric protein comprising an interferon alpha 2mutant and a PD-L1 binding moiety |
EP3426278B1 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2024-01-03 | Vib Vzw | Cd20 binding single domain antibodies |
JP7105200B2 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2022-07-22 | オリオニス バイオサイエンシズ ビーブイ | Targeted mutant interferon-beta and its uses |
AU2017342560B2 (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2022-03-17 | Xencor, Inc. | IL15/IL15Ralpha heterodimeric Fc-fusion proteins |
JP7204643B2 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2023-01-16 | オリオニス バイオサイエンシズ ビーブイ | Targeted mutant interferon-gamma and its uses |
US10906985B2 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2021-02-02 | Orionis Biosciences, Inc. | Targeted engineered interferon and uses thereof |
WO2018141964A1 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2018-08-09 | Orionis Biosciences Nv | Targeted chimeric proteins and uses thereof |
WO2018146074A1 (en) | 2017-02-07 | 2018-08-16 | Vib Vzw | Immune-cell targeted bispecific chimeric proteins and uses thereof |
WO2019032663A1 (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-14 | Orionis Biosciences Inc. | Pd-1 and pd-l1 binding agents |
EP3665201A4 (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2021-06-02 | Orionis Biosciences, Inc. | Cd8 binding agents |
JP7327885B2 (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2023-08-16 | オリオンズ バイオサイエンス インコーポレイテッド | CLEC9A binding agents and uses thereof |
CA3090406A1 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | Orionis Biosciences, Inc. | Fibroblast binding agents and use thereof |
SG11202007518RA (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2020-09-29 | Pfizer | Il-15 variants and uses thereof |
CN108727504B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2021-08-27 | 泉州向日葵生物科技有限公司 | Fusion protein of IFN and anti-PD-L1 antibody and application thereof |
CN112437777A (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2021-03-02 | Xencor股份有限公司 | TIM-3 targeting heterodimeric fusion proteins comprising an IL-15/IL-15RA Fc fusion protein and a TIM-3 antigen binding domain |
US11524991B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 | 2022-12-13 | Xencor, Inc. | PD-1 targeted heterodimeric fusion proteins containing IL-15/IL-15Ra Fc-fusion proteins and PD-1 antigen binding domains and uses thereof |
US12084497B2 (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2024-09-10 | Orionis Biosciences, Inc. | SIRP1α targeted chimeric proteins and uses thereof |
WO2020077276A2 (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2020-04-16 | Xencor, Inc. | Pd-1 targeted il-15/il-15ralpha fc fusion proteins and uses in combination therapies thereof |
WO2020132646A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Xencor, Inc. | Targeted heterodimeric fc fusion proteins containing il-15/il-15ra and nkg2d antigen binding domains |
CA3133643A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-01 | Orionis Biosciences, Inc. | Therapeutic interferon alpha 1 proteins |
CN113645988A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-11-12 | 奥里尼斯生物科学股份有限公司 | Chimeric proteins based on FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L) |
MX2022000742A (en) | 2019-07-18 | 2022-02-14 | Enyo Pharma | Method for decreasing adverse-effects of interferon. |
TW202128757A (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2021-08-01 | 美商建南德克公司 | Pd-1 targeted il-15/il-15ralpha fc fusion proteins with improved properties |
KR20230162013A (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2023-11-28 | 이나뜨 파르마 에스.에이. | Multispecific protein containing NKP46-binding site, cancer antigen binding site fused to cytokines for NK cell engagement |
WO2022258678A1 (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2022-12-15 | Innate Pharma | Multispecific proteins binding to nkp30, a cytokine receptor, a tumour antigen and cd16a |
WO2022258691A1 (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2022-12-15 | Innate Pharma | Multispecific proteins binding to nkg2d, a cytokine receptor, a tumour antigen and cd16a |
EP4352098A1 (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2024-04-17 | Innate Pharma | Multispecific proteins binding to nkp46, a cytokine receptor, a tumour antigen and cd16a |
US20240067691A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2024-02-29 | Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Interferon receptor agonists and uses thereof |
WO2024040247A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 | 2024-02-22 | Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Interferon proproteins and uses thereof |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110274658A1 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2011-11-10 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Chimeric activators: quantitatively designed protein therapeutics and uses thereof |
US9492562B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2016-11-15 | Vib Vzw | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US9732135B2 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2017-08-15 | Vib Vzw | Targeting of human interferon antagonists |
US10906985B2 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2021-02-02 | Orionis Biosciences, Inc. | Targeted engineered interferon and uses thereof |
US11661455B2 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2023-05-30 | Orionis Biosciences BV | Chimeric protein comprising an interferon alpha 2mutant and a PD-L1 binding moiety |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0489116B1 (en) | 1989-08-22 | 1994-04-06 | Immunex Corporation | Fusion proteins comprising gm-csf and il-3 |
US6277969B1 (en) | 1991-03-18 | 2001-08-21 | New York University | Anti-TNF antibodies and peptides of human tumor necrosis factor |
IL108584A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 2008-03-20 | Yeda Res & Dev | Cloning of interferon -alpha/beta binding protein |
US5914254A (en) | 1993-08-02 | 1999-06-22 | Celtrix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Expression of fusion polypeptides transported out of the cytoplasm without leader sequences |
US20020193569A1 (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-19 | Idec Pharmaceuticals Corporation | Bispecific fusion protein and method of use for enhancing effector cell killing of target cells |
AU2003281200A1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-23 | Tasuku Honjo | Immunopotentiating compositions |
EP1812038A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2007-08-01 | VIB vzw | Fibronectin iii domain as leptin receptor antagonists |
WO2006115800A2 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-11-02 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Enhanced wound healing utilizing an anti-her2 antibody coupled to a tnf alpha |
EP2052081A1 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2009-04-29 | McGill University | Fusion proteins and methods for modulation of immune response |
US8907065B2 (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2014-12-09 | Ablynx N.V. | Polypeptides that modulate the interaction between cells of the immune system |
JP2010531666A (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2010-09-30 | ユニバーシティ オブ マイアミ | Antibody-endostatin fusion protein and variants thereof |
CN108129573B (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2021-10-08 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Targeted interferons exhibit potent apoptotic and antitumor activity |
WO2010036918A2 (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-01 | University Of Massachusetts | Intracellular dna receptor |
US20110294983A1 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2011-12-01 | Complix Nv | Single-chain antiparallel coiled coil proteins |
KR20120053042A (en) | 2009-08-17 | 2012-05-24 | 로슈 글리카트 아게 | Targeted immunoconjugates |
CA2773426A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2011-03-17 | Cytos Biotechnology Ag | Use of interleukin-1 beta mutein conjugates in the treatment of diabetes |
EP2718457A4 (en) | 2011-06-06 | 2014-12-24 | Immungene Inc | Engineered antibody-tnfsf member ligand fusion molecules |
KR102096224B1 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2020-04-03 | 테바 파마슈티컬즈 오스트레일리아 피티와이 엘티디 | Polypeptide constructs and uses thereof |
HUE049945T2 (en) | 2012-03-03 | 2020-11-30 | Immungene Inc | Engineered antibody-interferon mutant fusion molecules |
-
2013
- 2013-01-17 US US14/372,730 patent/US9492562B2/en active Active
- 2013-01-17 EP EP13701014.6A patent/EP2804877B1/en active Active
- 2013-01-17 AU AU2013211059A patent/AU2013211059B8/en active Active
- 2013-01-17 JP JP2014552617A patent/JP6416628B2/en active Active
- 2013-01-17 WO PCT/EP2013/050787 patent/WO2013107791A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-01-17 KR KR1020147023041A patent/KR102050119B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-01-17 CA CA2861927A patent/CA2861927C/en active Active
- 2013-01-17 CN CN201380015170.0A patent/CN104245734B/en active Active
- 2013-01-17 BR BR112014017876-3A patent/BR112014017876B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-01-17 ES ES13701014.6T patent/ES2694180T3/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-06-08 HK HK15105433.7A patent/HK1205134A1/en unknown
-
2016
- 2016-09-28 US US15/278,854 patent/US9878014B2/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-09-27 US US15/717,205 patent/US10034919B2/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-06-27 US US16/020,447 patent/US10946070B2/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-02-09 US US17/171,426 patent/US20210162010A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110274658A1 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2011-11-10 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Chimeric activators: quantitatively designed protein therapeutics and uses thereof |
US9492562B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2016-11-15 | Vib Vzw | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US9878014B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2018-01-30 | Vib Vzw | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US10034919B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2018-07-31 | Vib Vzw | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins |
US10946070B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2021-03-16 | Vib Vzw | Targeted and mutated human-interferon fusion proteins |
US9732135B2 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2017-08-15 | Vib Vzw | Targeting of human interferon antagonists |
US10072059B2 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2018-09-11 | Vib Vzw | Targeting of human interferon antagonists |
US10947288B2 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2021-03-16 | Vib Vzw | Targeting of human interferon antagonists |
US11661455B2 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2023-05-30 | Orionis Biosciences BV | Chimeric protein comprising an interferon alpha 2mutant and a PD-L1 binding moiety |
US10906985B2 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2021-02-02 | Orionis Biosciences, Inc. | Targeted engineered interferon and uses thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
Scott, A.M., Wolchok, J.D., Old, L.J., Antibody therapy of cancer. 2012. Nature Reviews. 12:278-287. (Year: 2012) * |
Wesolowski, Alzogaray, Reyelt, Unger, Juarez, Urrutia, Cuerhff, Danquah, Rissiek, Scheuplein, Shwarz, Adriouch, Boyer, Seman, Licea, Serreze, Goldbaum, Haag, Koch. 2009. Single domain antibodies: promising experimental and therapeutic tools in infection and immunity. Med Microbiol Immunol 198:157-174 (Year: 2009) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11753463B2 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2023-09-12 | Orionis Biosciences BV | Therapeutic targeting of non-cellular structures |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104245734B (en) | 2017-09-05 |
KR20140138129A (en) | 2014-12-03 |
US20180028616A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
AU2013211059A8 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
CN104245734A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
US9492562B2 (en) | 2016-11-15 |
EP2804877B1 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
US20140348789A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
US20180333465A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
AU2013211059A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
US9878014B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 |
US10034919B2 (en) | 2018-07-31 |
WO2013107791A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
CA2861927A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
AU2013211059B2 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
JP2015511219A (en) | 2015-04-16 |
JP6416628B2 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
US20170072020A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
BR112014017876A2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
ES2694180T3 (en) | 2018-12-18 |
EP2804877A1 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
KR102050119B1 (en) | 2019-11-28 |
CA2861927C (en) | 2021-01-26 |
AU2013211059B8 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
HK1205134A1 (en) | 2015-12-11 |
BR112014017876B1 (en) | 2023-04-11 |
US10946070B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20210162010A1 (en) | Targeted human-interferon fusion proteins | |
US12006361B2 (en) | Albumin binding domain fusion proteins | |
US9139634B2 (en) | Interferon-antibody fusion proteins demonstrating potent apoptotic and anti-tumor activities | |
US20190135939A1 (en) | Anti-cspg4 fusions with interferon for the treatment of malignancy | |
CN104704001A (en) | ASGPR antibodies and uses thereof | |
US7038032B2 (en) | Cytokine protein family | |
WO2022057909A1 (en) | Bispecific recombinant protein and use thereof | |
JP4350950B2 (en) | Family of cytokine proteins | |
US20220195051A1 (en) | Fc-MODIFIED BIOLOGICALS FOR LOCAL DELIVERY TO COMPARTMENT, IN PARTICULAR TO THE CNS | |
Class et al. | Patent application title: TARGETED MUTANT ALPHA-HELICAL BUNDLE CYTOKINES Inventors: Jan Tavernier (Balegem, BE) Jan Tavernier (Balegem, BE) Gilles Uze (Montpellier, FR) Guillaume Cartron (Combaillaux, FR) Franciane Paul (Montpellier, FR) Jacob Piehler (Osnabruck, DE) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: APPLICATION DISPATCHED FROM PREEXAM, NOT YET DOCKETED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: UNIVERSITE DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:UNIVERSITE MONTPELLIER 2;REEL/FRAME:064350/0707 Effective date: 20140911 Owner name: UNIVERSITAT OSNABRUCK, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TAVERNIER, JAN;UZE, GILLES;CARTRON, GUILLAUME;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20150616 TO 20150907;REEL/FRAME:064323/0371 Owner name: CENTRE HOSPITALIER REGIONAL UNIVERSITAIRE DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TAVERNIER, JAN;UZE, GILLES;CARTRON, GUILLAUME;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20150616 TO 20150907;REEL/FRAME:064323/0371 Owner name: UNIVERSITE MONTPELLIER 2, FRANCE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TAVERNIER, JAN;UZE, GILLES;CARTRON, GUILLAUME;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20150616 TO 20150907;REEL/FRAME:064323/0371 Owner name: CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (CNRS), FRANCE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TAVERNIER, JAN;UZE, GILLES;CARTRON, GUILLAUME;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20150616 TO 20150907;REEL/FRAME:064323/0371 Owner name: UNIVERSITEIT GENT, BELGIUM Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TAVERNIER, JAN;UZE, GILLES;CARTRON, GUILLAUME;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20150616 TO 20150907;REEL/FRAME:064323/0371 Owner name: VIB VZW, BELGIUM Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TAVERNIER, JAN;UZE, GILLES;CARTRON, GUILLAUME;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20150616 TO 20150907;REEL/FRAME:064323/0371 |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED |
|
STPP | Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general |
Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER |