US20200254902A1 - Battery equalization method and system, vehicle, storage medium, and electronic device - Google Patents

Battery equalization method and system, vehicle, storage medium, and electronic device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20200254902A1
US20200254902A1 US16/642,718 US201816642718A US2020254902A1 US 20200254902 A1 US20200254902 A1 US 20200254902A1 US 201816642718 A US201816642718 A US 201816642718A US 2020254902 A1 US2020254902 A1 US 2020254902A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
equalization
power supply
circuit
battery
controller
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Abandoned
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US16/642,718
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English (en)
Inventor
HongBin Luo
Chao Wang
Xiaofeng Shen
Qiuyong ZENG
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the battery pack equalization field, and in particular, to a battery equalization system, a vehicle, a battery equalization method, and a storage medium.
  • a power battery pack is an important part of an electric vehicle.
  • a battery pack is multiple cells connected in series. While a battery is in use, the difference between the cells in the battery pack gradually increases, resulting in poor consistency between the battery cells. Due to the short slab effect of the battery, the capacity of a battery pack cannot be brought into full play, thereby decreasing the overall capacity of the battery pack. Therefore, managing equalization of the power battery pack of an electric vehicle effectively is helpful to improve the consistency between the cells in the power battery pack, reduce the capacity loss of the battery, and extend the battery life and the mileage of the electric vehicle, and is of great significance.
  • main operations in a battery charging and discharging process are to collect battery information, determine whether equalization needs to be enabled for the battery and whether equalization processing needs to be performed for the battery, in which equalization efficiency is low and equalization time is long.
  • the objective of the present application is to provide a battery equalization system, a vehicle, a battery equalization method, and a storage medium to resolve the technical problem of low equalization efficiency of a battery equalization system in the related art.
  • a battery equalization system including:
  • a collection circuit configured to collect parameter information of cells in a battery pack
  • an equalization circuit configured to perform equalization processing on the cells in the battery pack
  • controller connected to the collection circuit and the equalization circuit separately, and configured to: when it is determined, according to the parameter information of the cells in the battery pack, that a cell in the battery pack needs enabling of equalization, control the equalization circuit to perform equalization processing on the cell that needs enabling of equalization;
  • a power supply branch circuit controlled by the controller to get connected to a power supply unit and the battery equalization system when a vehicle is in an OFF gear and a cell needs enabling of equalization, so that the power supply unit supplies power to the battery equalization system.
  • the power supply branch circuit includes a first power supply branch circuit and a second power supply branch circuit.
  • the first power supply branch circuit is connected to the power supply unit and the battery equalization system, and the first power supply branch circuit is configured to supply power to the battery equalization system and loads of the entire vehicle except the battery equalization system.
  • the second power supply branch circuit is connected to the power supply unit and the battery equalization system, and the second power supply branch circuit is configured to supply power to the battery equalization system.
  • a second switch and a first switch that is controlled by the vehicle body controller are separately disposed on the second power supply branch circuit and the first power supply branch circuit; two sides of the second switch are respectively connected to the power supply unit and the controller; one side of the first switch is connected to the power supply unit, and the other side of the first switch is connected to the controller and a load.
  • the second switch is controlled by the vehicle body controller; when the vehicle is in the OFF gear and a cell needs enabling of equalization, the controller transmits an equalization request to the vehicle body controller so that the vehicle body controller controls the second switch and the first switch to stay in a connected state and a disconnected state respectively.
  • the controller transmits an equalization end request to the vehicle body controller so that the vehicle body controller controls the second switch to stay in a disconnected state.
  • the second switch is controlled by the controller; when the vehicle is in the OFF gear and a cell needs enabling of equalization, the controller controls the second switch to get connected, and after the second power supply branch circuit is connected, the vehicle body controller controls the first switch to disconnect.
  • the controller controls the second switch to stay in a disconnected state.
  • the second switch is in a connected state under the control of the controller or the vehicle body controller.
  • one end of the third power supply branch circuit is connected to the controller, and the other end of the third power supply branch circuit is connected to the collection circuit and the equalization circuit.
  • the controller is respectively connected through two channels to the collection circuit and the equalization circuit that correspond to a same cell.
  • the controller includes a control chip, and the control chip is respectively connected through two pins to the collection circuit and the equalization circuit that correspond to the same cell, the two pins are in one-to-one correspondence to the two channels, one of the two pins is connected to the equalization circuit through one of the two channels, and the other of the two pins is connected to the collection circuit through the other of the two channels.
  • the controller is connected through one channel to the collection circuit and the equalization circuit that correspond to a same cell, and the collection circuit and the equalization circuit multiplex the channel in a time division manner.
  • the controller includes a control chip, the control chip is connected through one pin to the collection circuit and the equalization circuit that correspond to the same cell, and the pin is connected to the equalization circuit and the collection circuit through the channel.
  • the controller is further configured to: when it is determined, according to the parameter information of the battery pack, that a cell in the battery pack needs enabling of equalization, obtain a target equalization duration of the cell that needs enabling of equalization, and control, according to the target equalization duration of the cell that needs enabling of equalization, the equalization circuit to discharge the cell that needs enabling of equalization.
  • the present application further provides a vehicle, including the battery equalization system.
  • the present application further provides a battery equalization method, applied to a vehicle having a storage battery.
  • vehicle includes the battery equalization system, and the battery equalization method includes:
  • a power supply branch circuit to get connected to a power supply unit and the battery equalization system, so that the power supply unit supplies power to the battery equalization system;
  • the battery equalization system further includes a first power supply branch circuit connected to the power supply unit and the battery equalization system, and a second power supply branch circuit connected to the power supply unit and the battery equalization system;
  • the controlling a power supply branch circuit to get connected to a power supply unit and the battery equalization system includes:
  • controlling the second power supply branch circuit to stay in a connected state includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the present application improves the electrical connection structure of the battery equalization system.
  • the present application enables the power supply unit to supply power to the battery equalization system when the entire vehicle is in the OFF gear.
  • the controller can continue to control the equalization circuit to perform equalization processing on the cell that needs enabling of equalization, thereby extending the battery equalization time, improving the battery equalization effect, and resolving the technical problem of low equalization efficiency of the battery equalization system in the related art.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery equalization system according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply branch circuit in a battery equalization system according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic diagram of a power supply branch circuit in a battery equalization system according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is another block diagram of a battery equalization system according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is another flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is another flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is another flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is another flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery equalization system according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply branch circuit in a battery equalization system according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the battery equalization system is applied to a vehicle that includes a vehicle body controller 31 and a storage battery 33 .
  • the battery equalization system includes a collection circuit 12 , an equalization circuit 13 , a controller 14 , and a power supply branch circuit.
  • the battery pack 11 is multiple cells 111 connected in series, and the power supply unit may be a storage battery 33 .
  • the storage battery 33 is a start-up battery and is used to supply power to low-voltage components of the entire vehicle.
  • the controller 14 is respectively connected through two channels 120 , 130 to the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 of the same cell 111 in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the controller 14 includes a control chip, and the control chip is respectively connected through two pins to the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 that correspond to the same cell 111 .
  • the two pins are in one-to-one correspondence to the two channels 120 , 130 .
  • One of the two pins is connected to the equalization circuit 13 through the channel 130 , and the other of the two pins is connected to the collection circuit 12 through the channel 120 .
  • the collection circuit 12 is configured to collect parameter information of the cell 111 in the battery pack 11 , and transmit the collected parameter information of the battery pack to the controller 14 .
  • the cell 111 in the battery pack 11 is in one-to-one correspondence to the collection circuit 12 .
  • the parameter information includes information such as battery voltage and temperature.
  • the controller 14 controls the collection circuit 12 to collect the parameter information of the battery pack 11 .
  • the equalization circuit 13 is configured to perform equalization processing on the cell 111 in the battery pack 11 , and the cell 111 in the battery pack 11 is in one-to-one correspondence to the equalization circuit 13 .
  • the channel 130 between the equalization circuit 13 and the controller 14 is connected, so that the equalization circuit 13 can perform equalization processing on the cell 111 that needs to be equalized.
  • the controller 14 is configured to: when it is determined, according to the parameter information of the cell 111 in the battery pack 11 , that a cell 111 in the battery pack 11 needs enabling of equalization, control the corresponding channel 130 to get connected, and control the equalization circuit 13 to perform equalization processing on the cell 111 that needs to be equalized.
  • the controller 14 is configured to: when the vehicle is in the OFF gear and a cell 111 needs enabling of equalization, control the power supply branch circuit to get connected to the power supply unit and the battery equalization system, so that the power supply unit supplies power to the battery equalization system.
  • the power supply unit is a storage battery 33
  • the power supply branch circuit includes a first power supply branch circuit 15 and a second power supply branch circuit 16 .
  • One end of the first power supply branch circuit 15 is connected to the storage battery 33 , and the other end is separately connected to the controller 14 and a load 32 .
  • One end of the second power supply branch circuit 16 is connected to the storage battery 33 , and the other end is connected to the controller 14 .
  • the first power supply branch circuit 15 is controlled by the vehicle body controller 31
  • the second power supply branch circuit 16 is controlled by the vehicle body controller 31 or the controller 14 .
  • the second power supply branch circuit 16 is controlled by the vehicle body controller 31 .
  • the battery pack 11 While the battery pack 11 is being discharged or charged, that is, when the entire vehicle is in a non-OFF gear, the first power supply branch circuit 15 may be in a connected state under the control of the vehicle body controller 31 .
  • the storage battery 33 supplies power to the controller 14 through the first power supply branch circuit 15 to maintain the power required by the controller 14 . Because both the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 are connected to the controller 14 , when the storage battery 33 supplies power to the controller 14 , the storage battery 33 can also supply power to the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 .
  • the vehicle body controller 31 when the vehicle is in the OFF gear, the vehicle body controller 31 needs to transmit a power-off notification signal to the first power supply branch circuit 15 to control the controller 14 and the load 32 to power off.
  • the controller 14 determines, according to the parameter information of the cell 111 in the battery pack 11 , that a cell 111 in the battery pack 11 needs enabling of equalization, the controller 14 still cannot be powered off.
  • the vehicle body controller 31 may control the second power supply branch circuit 16 to stay in the connected state.
  • the storage battery 33 can supply power to the controller 14 through the second power supply branch circuit 16 to maintain the power required by the controller 14 .
  • the vehicle body controller 31 controls the first power supply branch circuit 15 to stay in a disconnected state so that the load 32 except the battery equalization system is powered off.
  • the vehicle body controller 31 may control either the first power supply branch circuit 15 or the second power supply branch circuit 16 to stay in the connected state. Further, the storage battery 33 can supply power to the controller 14 to maintain the power required by the controller 14 .
  • the controller 14 may determine, in the following way, the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization:
  • the smallest voltage value among the voltage values of the cells 111 in the battery pack 11 is used as a reference voltage value
  • the cell that needs enabling of equalization may also be determined according to other parameter information of the battery pack. For example, when the battery equalization system performs equalization processing on the cell in an active equalization manner, that is, charges the cell that needs enabling of equalization, the greatest voltage value among the voltage values of the cells in the battery pack is used as a reference voltage value.
  • the controller 14 controls, according to the target equalization duration and an equalization duty cycle, the equalization circuit 13 to perform equalization processing on the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization.
  • the equalization duty cycle is a ratio of an equalization period of the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization to a unit cycle.
  • the unit cycle includes the equalization period and a collection period. In the collection period, the collection circuit 12 collects the parameter information of the battery pack 11 ; and in the equalization period, the equalization circuit 13 performs equalization processing on the cell 111 to be equalized in the battery pack 11 .
  • the vehicle body controller 31 controls the second power supply branch circuit 16 to stay in a connected state. Further, the storage battery 33 can supply power to the controller 14 through the second power supply branch circuit 16 . Subsequently, the controller 14 controls the equalization circuit 13 to discharge the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization. After the second power supply branch circuit 16 is connected, the vehicle body controller 31 controls the first power supply branch circuit 15 to stay in a disconnected state so that the load 32 is powered off.
  • the controller 14 may keep reading voltage information of the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization, and determine whether the difference between Vmin and the voltage of the cell is less than 5 mV. If the difference is less than 5 mV, the discharge stops, and the equalization is ended. The vehicle body controller 31 controls the second power supply branch circuit 16 to stay in the disconnected state, so that the controller 14 is powered off. If the difference is still greater than 5 mV, the vehicle body controller continues to cyclically read the voltage information of the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization until the difference between Vmin and the voltage of the cell is less than 5 mV. Thereafter the discharge stops, and the equalization is ended. The vehicle body controller 31 controls the second power supply branch circuit 16 to stay in the disconnected state, so that the controller 14 is powered off.
  • a target equalization duration of the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization may also be calculated according to the voltage value of the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization and Vmin. Further, after the discharge starts, a discharge duration of the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization is counted. When the difference between the charge duration of the cell 111 and the target equalization duration falls within a threshold range, the discharge stops, and the equalization ends.
  • the vehicle body controller 31 controls the second power supply branch circuit 16 to stay in the disconnected state, so that the controller 14 is powered off.
  • the present application improves the electrical connection structure of the battery equalization system.
  • the present application enables the storage battery to supply power to the controller when the entire vehicle is in the OFF gear.
  • the controller can continue to control the equalization circuit to perform equalization processing on the cell that needs enabling of equalization, thereby extending the battery equalization time, improving the battery equalization effect, and resolving the technical problem of low equalization efficiency of the battery equalization system in the related art.
  • the controller 14 transmits an equalization end request to the vehicle body controller 31 so that the vehicle body controller 31 outputs a control signal to the second switch 162 after receiving the equalization end request.
  • the second switch 162 changes to a disconnected state. That is, the second power supply branch circuit 16 gets into a disconnected state, and the controller 14 is powered off.
  • the vehicle body controller 31 controls the second switch 162 to keep connected all the time.
  • the vehicle body controller 31 controls the second switch 162 to disconnect, and all high-voltage components of the entire vehicle stop operating.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another power supply branch circuit in a battery equalization system according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the second switch 162 is controlled by the controller 14 .
  • the controller 14 When the vehicle is in the OFF gear and a cell needs enabling of equalization, the controller 14 outputs a control signal to the second switch 162 .
  • the second switch 162 After receiving the control signal, the second switch 162 changes to a connected state. That is, the second power supply branch circuit 16 gets into a connected state.
  • the vehicle body controller 31 controls the first switch 151 to disconnect.
  • the controller 14 controls the second switch 162 to stay in a disconnected state.
  • the controller 14 controls the second switch 162 to keep connected all the time.
  • the controller 14 controls the second switch 162 to disconnect, and all high-voltage components of the entire vehicle stop operating.
  • the battery equalization system further includes a third power supply branch circuit 17 .
  • One end of the third power supply branch circuit 17 is connected to the controller 14 , and the other end of the third power supply branch circuit 17 is connected to a collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 .
  • the third power supply branch circuit 17 keeps connected. Because the third power supply branch circuit 17 keeps connected all the time, when the storage battery 33 supplies power to the controller 14 through the first power supply branch circuit 15 or the second power supply branch circuit 16 , the storage battery can also supply power to the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 through the third power supply branch circuit 17 .
  • a third switch 173 controlled by the controller 14 is disposed on the third power supply branch circuit 17 .
  • One side of the third switch 173 is connected to the controller 14 , and the other side of the third switch 173 is connected to the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 .
  • the third switch 173 keeps connected under the control of the controller 14 .
  • the third switch 173 changes from a connected state to a disconnected state under the control of the controller 14 , so that the battery pack 11 supplies power to the equalization circuit 13 and the collection circuit 12 .
  • the controller 14 transmits an equalization instruction to the equalization circuit 13 to indicate the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization in the battery pack 11 , and the target equalization duration of the cell 111 .
  • the third switch 173 changes from the connected state to a disconnected state under the control of the controller 14 .
  • the controller 14 controls the third switch 173 to change from the connected state to the disconnected state. Because the cell 111 in the battery pack 11 is connected to the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 in a one-to-one correspondence, after the third switch 173 is disconnected, operating power supplies of the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 receive power from the cell 111 in the battery pack 11 , and the controller 14 operates normally.
  • FIG. 4 is another block diagram of a battery equalization system according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the battery equalization system includes a collection circuit 12 , an equalization circuit 13 , a controller 14 , a first power supply branch circuit 15 , and a second power supply branch circuit 16 .
  • the battery pack 11 is multiple cells 111 connected in series.
  • the difference from the battery equalization system in FIG. 1 lies in that the controller 14 in the battery equalization system in FIG. 4 is connected through a channel 140 to the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 that correspond to the same cell 111 .
  • the controller 14 determines that the cell 111 needs no equalization, the controller 14 is connected through the channel 140 to the corresponding collection circuit 12 ; or, when the controller 14 determines that the cell 111 needs equalization, the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 that correspond to the cell 111 multiplex the channel 140 in a time division manner. That is, the control module 14 is connected through the channel 140 to the corresponding collection module 12 and equalization module 13 in a time division manner.
  • the controller 14 includes a control chip, the control chip is connected through one pin to the collection circuit 12 and the equalization circuit 13 that correspond to the same cell 111 , and the pin is connected to the equalization circuit 13 and the collection circuit 12 through the channel 140 .
  • the controller 14 controls, according to the target equalization duration and an equalization duty cycle, the equalization circuit 13 to perform equalization processing on the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization
  • the equalization duty cycle is a ratio of an equalization period of the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization to a unit cycle
  • the unit cycle includes the equalization period and a collection period.
  • the equalization duty cycle may also be a ratio of a duration for which the equalization circuit 13 occupies the channel 140 to a total duration for which the channel 140 is occupied.
  • the total duration for which the channel 140 is occupied includes the duration for which the equalization circuit 13 occupies the channel 140 and a duration for which the collection circuit 12 occupies the channel 140 .
  • the controller 14 connects the channel 140 to the collection circuit 12 , and further can control the collection circuit 12 to collect the parameter information of the battery pack 11 . Then, the controller 14 is configured to: when it is determined, according to the parameter information of the cell 111 in the battery pack 11 , a cell 111 in the battery pack 11 needs enabling of equalization, obtain the target equalization duration and the equalization duty cycle of the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization, and connect the channel 140 to the equalization circuit 13 corresponding to the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization.
  • the controller 14 controls the equalization circuit 13 to connect the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization to a power generator 30 or a storage battery 33 according to the target equalization duration and the equalization duty cycle of the cell 111 that needs enabling of equalization. That is, the controller 14 can control the connection time of the first switch 131 in FIG. 2 or the second switch 135 in FIG. 3 according to the target equalization duration and the equalization duty cycle.
  • the controller 14 determines an equalization period and a collection period according to the target equalization duration and the equalization duty cycle.
  • a sum of the equalization period and the collection period is equal to the total duration for which the channel 140 is occupied.
  • the channel 140 is connected to the collection circuit 12 , so that the collection circuit 12 collects the parameter information of the battery pack 11 .
  • the channel 140 is connected to the equalization circuit 13 that needs to perform equalization processing, and the equalization circuit 13 is connected, so that the equalization circuit 13 performs equalization processing on the cell 111 to be equalized in the battery pack 11 .
  • the controller in the present application multiplexes one channel in a time division manner with a voltage sampling circuit of each cell and the equalization circuit, the required quantity of channels of the controller is reduced, and hardware cost is reduced.
  • equalization of current does not affect the battery voltage, thereby improving precision of battery voltage sampling.
  • the present application further provides a vehicle 100 .
  • the vehicle includes the battery equalization system 110 described above. Specific operation manners of each circuit have been described in detail in the embodiments related to the system, and will not be described in detail here.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5 , the battery equalization method is applied to a vehicle including the battery equalization system, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S 51 A collection circuit collects parameter information of cells in a battery pack
  • Step S 52 When it is determined, according to the parameter information of the cells in the battery pack, that a cell in the battery pack needs enabling of equalization and that the vehicle is in an OFF gear, control a power supply branch circuit to get connected to a power supply unit and the battery equalization system, so that the power supply unit supplies power to the battery equalization system; and
  • Step S 53 A controller controls an equalization circuit to perform equalization processing on the cell that needs enabling of equalization.
  • the battery equalization system further includes a first power supply branch circuit connected to the power supply unit and the battery equalization system, and a second power supply branch circuit connected to the power supply unit and the battery equalization system.
  • the controlling a power supply branch circuit to get connected to a power supply unit and the battery equalization system includes:
  • FIG. 6 is another flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6 , the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S 61 A collection circuit collects parameter information of cells in a battery pack
  • Step S 62 When it is determined, according to the parameter information of cells in a battery pack, that a cell in the battery pack needs enabling of equalization and that the vehicle is in an OFF gear, a controller transmits an equalization request to a vehicle body controller;
  • Step S 63 After receiving the equalization request, the vehicle body controller controls the second power supply branch circuit to stay in a connected state;
  • Step S 64 After the second power supply branch circuit is connected, the vehicle body controller changes the first power supply branch circuit from a connected state to a disconnected state;
  • Step S 65 The controller controls an equalization circuit to perform equalization processing on the cell that needs enabling of equalization;
  • Step S 66 The controller confirms that the equalization circuit ends the equalization processing on the cell that needs enabling of equalization;
  • Step S 67 The controller transmits an equalization end request to the vehicle body controller.
  • Step S 68 After receiving the equalization end request, the vehicle body controller controls the second power supply branch circuit to stay in a disconnected state.
  • FIG. 7 is another flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7 , the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S 71 A collection circuit collects parameter information of cells in a battery pack
  • Step S 72 When it is determined, according to the parameter information of cells in a battery pack, that a cell in the battery pack needs enabling of equalization and that the vehicle is in an OFF gear, a controller controls a second power supply branch circuit to stay in a connected state;
  • Step S 73 After the second power supply branch circuit is connected, the vehicle body controller changes the first power supply branch circuit from a connected state to a disconnected state;
  • Step S 75 The controller confirms that the equalization circuit ends the equalization processing on the cell that needs enabling of equalization.
  • Step S 76 The controller controls the second power supply branch circuit to stay in the disconnected state.
  • the second switch is controlled to stay in the connected state.
  • FIG. 8 is another flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the battery equalization system further includes a third power supply branch circuit.
  • One end of the third power supply branch circuit is connected to the controller, and the other end of the third power supply branch circuit is connected to a collection circuit and the equalization circuit.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S 81 A collection circuit collects parameter information of cells in a battery pack
  • Step S 82 When it is determined, according to the parameter information of cells in a battery pack, that a cell in the battery pack needs enabling of equalization and that the vehicle is in an OFF gear, control a second power supply branch circuit to stay in a connected state.
  • Step S 83 After the second power supply branch circuit is connected, the vehicle body controller changes the first power supply branch circuit from a connected state to a disconnected state;
  • Step S 84 The controller controls an equalization circuit to perform equalization processing on the cell that needs enabling of equalization;
  • Step S 85 The controller controls the third power supply branch circuit to change from a connected state to a disconnected state, so that the battery pack supplies power to the equalization circuit and the collection circuit;
  • Step S 86 The controller gets into a sleep mode periodically.
  • Step S 87 When the controller exits the sleep mode, the controller controls the third power supply branch circuit to get connected to obtain the parameter information of the cells in the battery pack and a remaining duration of equalization processing still to be performed by the equalization circuit on the cell that needs enabling of equalization.
  • the controller controls the third power supply branch circuit to keep connected.
  • FIG. 9 is another flowchart of a battery equalization method according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9 , the controller is connected through one channel to the collection circuit and the equalization circuit that correspond to a same cell, and the collection circuit and the equalization circuit multiplex the channel in a time division manner. The method includes the following steps:
  • Step S 92 When it is determined, according to the parameter information of the cells in the battery pack, that a cell in the battery pack needs enabling of equalization and that the vehicle is in an OFF gear, control a power supply branch circuit to get connected to a power supply unit and the battery equalization system, so that the power supply unit supplies power to the battery equalization system;
  • Step S 93 The controller obtains a target equalization duration and an equalization duty cycle of the cell that needs enabling of equalization, where the equalization duty cycle is a ratio of an equalization period of the cell that needs enabling of equalization to a unit cycle, and the unit cycle includes the equalization period and a collection period; and
  • Step S 94 According to the target equalization duration and the equalization duty cycle of the cell that needs enabling of equalization, the controller controls the equalization circuit to perform equalization processing on the cell that needs enabling of equalization.
  • the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program instruction is stored.
  • the program instruction When executed by a processor, the program instruction implements the battery equalization method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
US16/642,718 2017-08-31 2018-08-31 Battery equalization method and system, vehicle, storage medium, and electronic device Abandoned US20200254902A1 (en)

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CN201710773473.9 2017-08-31
PCT/CN2018/103683 WO2019042439A1 (zh) 2017-08-31 2018-08-31 电池均衡系统、车辆、电池均衡方法及存储介质

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EP3675312B1 (en) 2021-11-17
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