US20200111882A1 - Semiconductor device - Google Patents

Semiconductor device Download PDF

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US20200111882A1
US20200111882A1 US16/496,715 US201816496715A US2020111882A1 US 20200111882 A1 US20200111882 A1 US 20200111882A1 US 201816496715 A US201816496715 A US 201816496715A US 2020111882 A1 US2020111882 A1 US 2020111882A1
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electrode forming
forming surface
electrode
semiconductor device
insulating film
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US11164953B2 (en
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Jun Hirabayashi
Minoru Fujita
Yoshiaki Fukumitsu
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TDK Corp
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TDK Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
    • H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof  ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/47—Schottky barrier electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/0445—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising crystalline silicon carbide
    • H01L21/048—Making electrodes
    • H01L21/0495—Schottky electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
    • H01L23/31—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
    • H01L23/3157—Partial encapsulation or coating
    • H01L23/3171—Partial encapsulation or coating the coating being directly applied to the semiconductor body, e.g. passivation layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
    • H01L23/31—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
    • H01L23/3157—Partial encapsulation or coating
    • H01L23/3185—Partial encapsulation or coating the coating covering also the sidewalls of the semiconductor body
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof  ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof  ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
    • H01L29/0657—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by the shape of the body
    • H01L29/0661—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by the shape of the body specially adapted for altering the breakdown voltage by removing semiconductor material at, or in the neighbourhood of, a reverse biased junction, e.g. by bevelling, moat etching, depletion etching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof  ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/24—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only semiconductor materials not provided for in groups H01L29/16, H01L29/18, H01L29/20, H01L29/22
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof  ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/86—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
    • H01L29/861—Diodes
    • H01L29/872—Schottky diodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a semiconductor device and, more particularly, to a vertical semiconductor device in which current flows in the thickness direction of a substrate.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a diode having the vertical structure.
  • the diode described in Patent Document 1 has a structure in which a portion corresponding to a mesa groove is covered with a protective film.
  • a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor layer including a first electrode forming surface, a second electrode forming surface positioned opposite to the first electrode forming surface, and a side surface having a first edge as a boundary with the first electrode forming surface and a second edge as a boundary with the second electrode forming surface; a first electrode formed on the first electrode forming surface; a second electrode formed on the second electrode forming surface; and an insulating film continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface to the side surface so as to cover the first edge.
  • the side surface of the semiconductor layer are covered with the insulating film, so that a leak current flowing along the side surface is reduced. Further, the side surface is protected by the insulating film, making cracking, chipping, cleavage, and the like less likely to occur.
  • the insulating film is continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface to the side surface so as to cover the first edge, the first electrode forming surface and the side surface can be covered with the insulating film seamlessly.
  • the semiconductor layer includes a semiconductor substrate constituting the second electrode forming surface and an epitaxial layer formed on the semiconductor substrate and constituting the first electrode forming surface, that at least apart of the first electrode comes into Schottky-contact with the epitaxial layer, and that the second electrode comes into ohmic contact with the semiconductor substrate.
  • a Schottky barrier diode can be constituted.
  • another part of the first electrode is preferably formed on the insulating film formed on the first electrode forming surface.
  • the semiconductor layer is preferably made of gallium oxide. With this configuration, a large band gap and a large breakdown electric field can be obtained, which is very advantageous in application to a switching element for power device.
  • the semiconductor layer may have a tapered shape in which the cross section thereof is increased from the first electrode forming surface toward the second electrode forming surface. This facilitates the formation of the insulating film on the side surface.
  • a vertical semiconductor device in which a leakage current flowing along the wafer side surface, and defects in the side surface, such as cracking, chipping and cleavage are reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a semiconductor device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the semiconductor device 10 .
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 10 .
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 6A is a plan view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process; and FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 6A .
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing process of a modification of the semiconductor device 10 .
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing process of a modification of the semiconductor device 10 .
  • FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the semiconductor device 10 in which a cross section is tapered.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a semiconductor device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the semiconductor device 10 .
  • the cross section illustrated in FIG. 1 corresponds to the cross section taken along line A-A in FIG. 2 .
  • the semiconductor device 10 is a Schottky barrier diode and has a semiconductor layer 20 including a semiconductor substrate 21 and an epitaxial layer 22 , both of which are made of gallium oxide ( ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 ).
  • the semiconductor layer 20 will be referred to generically as “gallium oxide substrate” according to the situation.
  • Silicon (Si) or tin (Sn) is introduced as an n-type dopant into the semiconductor substrate 21 and the epitaxial layer 22 .
  • the concentration of the dopant is higher in the semiconductor substrate 21 than in the epitaxial layer 22 , whereby the semiconductor substrate 21 and the epitaxial layer 22 function as an n + layer and an n ⁇ layer, respectively.
  • the semiconductor layer 20 has a first electrode forming surface 20 a constituting the XY plane, a second electrode forming surface 20 b positioned on the side opposite to the first electrode forming surface 20 a and constituting the XY plane, and four side surfaces 20 c constituting the XZ or YZ plane.
  • the first and second electrode forming surfaces 20 a and 20 b are (001) planes of ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 .
  • the first electrode forming surface 20 a is constituted by the upper surface of the epitaxial layer 22
  • the second electrode forming surface 20 b is constituted by the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 21 .
  • the boundary between the first electrode forming surface 20 a and the side surfaces 20 c constitutes a first edge E 1
  • the boundary between the second electrode forming surface 20 b and the side surfaces 20 c constitutes a second edge E 2 .
  • an insulating film 30 made of SiO 2 , Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , HfO 2 or the like is formed on the first electrode forming surface 20 a and the side surfaces 20 c .
  • the insulating film 30 includes a first part 31 covering the first electrode forming surface 20 a and a second part 32 covering the side surfaces 20 c and is continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface 20 a to the side surfaces 20 c so as to cover the first edge E 1 .
  • the insulating film 30 is made of, e.g., silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) and has a film thickness of about 300 nm.
  • the first part 31 of the insulating film 30 has an opening 30 a exposing therethrough the first electrode forming surface 20 a .
  • An anode electrode 40 which is a first electrode, is formed on the first electrode forming surface 20 a through the opening 30 a . With this configuration, the anode electrode 40 comes into Schottky-contact with the epitaxial layer 22 .
  • the anode electrode 40 is formed of a laminated film of, e.g., platinum (Pt), titanium (Ti) and aluminum (Al).
  • the film thicknesses of the platinum layer, titanium layer and aluminum layer are, e.g., about 50 nm, 5 nm and 1 ⁇ m, respectively.
  • the major part of the anode electrode 40 comes into Schottky-contact with the epitaxial layer 22 ; the remaining part thereof covers the first part 31 of the insulating film 30 .
  • a so-called field plate structure can be obtained.
  • an electric field is concentrated on the end portion of the anode electrode, so that an element may be destroyed when the field strength at this portion exceeds its breakdown electric field strength.
  • current concentration on the end portion is alleviated to make it possible to improve reverse breakdown voltage.
  • a cathode electrode 50 which is a second electrode, is formed on the second electrode forming surface 20 b of the semiconductor layer 20 .
  • the cathode electrode 50 is formed of a laminated film of, e.g., titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni) and gold (Au) and comes into ohmic contact with the semiconductor substrate 21 .
  • the film thicknesses of the titanium layer, nickel layer and gold layer are e.g., about 50 nm, 0.2 ⁇ m and 0.2 ⁇ m, respectively.
  • the semiconductor device 10 constitutes the Schottky barrier diode.
  • the Schottky barrier diode is used in a switching element, wherein when a forward bias is applied between the anode electrode 40 and the cathode electrode 50 , a Schottky barrier at the boundary between the anode electrode 40 and the epitaxial layer 22 decreases to cause current to flow from the anode electrode 40 to the cathode electrode 50 .
  • a backward bias is applied between the anode electrode 40 and the cathode electrode 50 , the Schottky barrier at the boundary between the anode electrode 40 and the epitaxial layer 22 is enhanced, with the result that current hardly flows.
  • the side surfaces 20 c of the semiconductor layer 20 are covered with the insulating film, a leak current flowing along the side surfaces 20 c decreases, and cracking, chipping, cleavage and other defects in the side surfaces 20 c hardly occur.
  • the insulating film 30 is continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface 20 a to the side surfaces 20 c so as to cover the first edge E 1 , so that the effects described above are further enhanced as compared to a case where an insulating film covering the first electrode forming surface 20 a and an insulating film covering the side surfaces 20 c are separately formed. Further, cracking, chipping and other defects in the gallium oxide substrate at the first edge E 1 are prevented.
  • the following describes a manufacturing method for the semiconductor device 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • a gallium oxide wafer W obtained by slicing a bulk crystal grown by using a melt growth method is prepared, and the epitaxial layer 22 is formed on the surface of the gallium oxide wafer W.
  • the epitaxial layer 22 can be formed by epitaxially growing gallium oxide on the surface of the gallium oxide wafer W using a reactive sputtering method, a PLD method, an MBE method, an MOCVD method, an HVPE method, or the like.
  • the carrier concentration and film thickness of the epitaxial layer 22 are adjusted so as to secure a designed breakdown voltage.
  • the thickness and carrier concentration may be set to about 7 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m and 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
  • the carrier concentration is controlled by introducing a dopant functioning as an n-type carrier such as Si or Sn by a desired amount at the time of film formation.
  • step S 2 dry etching is performed with an element formation area of the first electrode forming surface 20 a constituting the surface of the epitaxial layer 22 covered with an etching mask M 1 to form a plurality of slits 60 in the gallium oxide substrate (step S 2 ).
  • the slits 60 are formed so as to penetrate the epitaxial layer 22 and to have a depth reaching the gallium oxide wafer W.
  • the depth of the slits 60 is made slightly larger than the final thickness of the semiconductor layer 20 . For example, when the final thickness of the semiconductor layer 20 is 50 ⁇ m, the depth of the slits 60 is set to about 55 ⁇ m.
  • the slits 60 can be formed by an RIE method using chlorine-based gas such as BCl 3 . Particularly, in order to reduce etching time, an ICP-RIE method enabling high-speed etching is preferably used.
  • a metal film such as nickel (Ni) that is not etched by chlorine-based gas is preferably used so as to increase selectivity with respect to, e.g., Ga 2 O 3 .
  • the metal film serving as the etching mask M 1 is formed to have a thickness of about 100 nm using an EB vapor deposition method or a sputtering method on the entire surface of the epitaxial layer 22 and is then patterned by photolithography. After that, dry etching is performed with the patterned etching mask M 1 used as a mask to form the plurality of slits 60 in the gallium oxide substrate.
  • FIG. 6A As illustrated in FIG. 6A as a plan view, the plurality of slits are formed so as to extend in the X- and Y-directions, and the rectangular areas surrounded by the slits 60 are each a part that finally becomes an element.
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 6A .
  • the slits 60 each having a width of 20 ⁇ m are formed in the X- and Y-directions at 1.02 mm pitch.
  • the etching mask M M 1 is removed using a general acid-based etching liquid, followed by substrate cleaning.
  • the thus formed slits 60 have little damage in its inner wall 61 , unlike those formed by machining using a dicing blade or the like. Further, the flatness of the inner wall 61 is very high, specifically, irregularity thereof is 1 ⁇ m or less, and the surface property thereof is almost uniform.
  • the insulating film 30 made of SiO 2 , Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , HfO 2 or the like is formed on the surface of the epitaxial layer 22 and the inner walls of the respective slits 60 (step S 3 ).
  • the insulating film 30 is preferably formed by a film formation method excellent in coverage, such as an ALD method or a CVD method, whereby not only the surface of the epitaxial layer 22 , but also almost the entire surface of the inner wall 61 of each slit 60 is covered with the insulating film 30 . Also, each portion of first edge E 1 , the openings of the respective slits 60 , are covered with the insulating film 30 . Further, a plurality of film formation methods may be combined for lamination of the insulating film 30 .
  • the opening 30 a is formed in the insulating film 30 as illustrated in FIG. 8 , and then the anode electrode 40 is formed as illustrated in FIG. 9 (step S 4 ).
  • the opening 30 a is formed by patterning a resist by a normal photolithography method, and then by applying dry etching or wet etching to the insulating film 30 with the resist used as a mask.
  • the plurality of slits 60 are formed in the gallium oxide substrate at this point, so that a film-type solid resist is more preferably used as the resist than a coating-type liquid resist.
  • the anode electrode 40 can be formed by a vapor deposition method and patterned using a lift-off process. That is, a resist pattern having a planar size larger by about 5 ⁇ m than that of the opening 30 a of the insulating film 30 is formed, and then platinum (Pt), titanium (Ti) and aluminum (Al) are formed to have thicknesses of 50 nm, 5 nm and 1 ⁇ m, respectively, by vapor deposition. Then, the resist pattern is removed, whereby the metal layer formed on the resist pattern can be removed together with the rest pattern. In order to prevent the metal film from adhering to the inside of the slit 60 , a film-type solid resist is preferably used.
  • vapor deposition may be performed through a lattice-like metal mask to selectively form the anode electrode 40 .
  • the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 is covered with the insulating film 30 , so that even when a small amount of the metal material enters the slit 60 , it does not contact the gallium oxide substrate.
  • a flexible support member 70 is stuck onto the surface of the gallium oxide substrate (step S 5 ).
  • the flexible support member 70 a member having high flexibility like a thick resin film is preferably used.
  • the support member 70 is deformed and partly serves as a protective member 80 buried in the slit 60 .
  • the protective member 80 the anode electrode 40 is spatially isolated from the slit 60 .
  • the back side i.e., the lower surface of the gallium oxide wafer W is ground and polished with the gallium oxide substrate supported by the support member 70 (step S 6 ).
  • the grinding and polishing can be conducted in the same manner as for a general silicon substrate.
  • the gallium oxide wafer W is ground and polished up to the slit 60 , whereby the gallium oxide substrate including the semiconductor substrate 21 and epitaxial layer 22 is singulated into a plurality of individual pieces. After the grinding and polishing, cleaning is performed to clean the polished surface. Although both the grinding and polishing are performed for singulation in the above description, the grinding may be omitted.
  • the cathode electrode 50 is formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 21 made of gallium oxide (step S 7 ).
  • the cathode electrode 50 is preferably formed using a thin-film formation method with low coverage, such as a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method. As a result, the cathode electrode 50 is properly formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 21 , while an electrode material hardly gets into the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 to substantially prevent the electrode from being formed on the inner wall 61 .
  • the electrode material of the cathode electrode 50 enters the slit 60 , since the upper portion of the slit 60 is filled with the protective member 80 formed of a part of the support member 70 as illustrated in FIG. 12 , the electrode material of the cathode electrode 50 by no means reaches the anode electrode 40 .
  • each individual semiconductor device 10 is mounted in a package as needed.
  • the package has a base plate made of copper (Cu) or the like, and the base plate and the cathode electrode 50 of the semiconductor device 10 are connected through a solder.
  • the anode electrode 40 of the semiconductor device 10 is connected to a lead frame of the package through a bonding wire.
  • dry etching is performed to form the plurality of slits 60 on the upper surface side of the gallium oxide substrate, and then the lower surface side of the gallium oxide substrate is ground and polished to singulate the substrate, thereby preventing the side surfaces 20 c of the semiconductor layer 20 from being mechanically damaged.
  • the substrate is singulated using a dicing blade or the like, cracking, chipping, cleavage and other defects do not occur in the side surfaces 20 c .
  • a (100) plane and a (001) plane have cleavability, so that in a case where the electrode forming surfaces 20 a and 20 b are (001) planes of ⁇ -Ga 2 O 3 , many horizontal cleavages may occur in the side surfaces 20 c when the substrate is singulated using a dicing blade or the like.
  • the side surfaces 20 c are formed by dry etching, so that such cleavages hardly occur.
  • gallium oxide powder is not scattered since the side surfaces 20 c are covered with the insulating film 30 . Further, gallium oxide has low heat conductivity, so that heat generated due to forward current is not efficiently radiated to easily cause element degradation. However, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the semiconductor layer 20 is reduced by polishing the back surface of the gallium oxide wafer W, so that heat radiation performance can be improved.
  • the insulating film 30 is formed also on the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 simultaneously when the insulating film 30 is formed for the purpose of obtaining the field plate structure, so that it is possible to form the insulating film 30 both on the first electrode forming surface 20 a and on the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 without involving an increase in the number of processes.
  • the insulating film 30 (first part 31 ) formed on the first electrode forming surface 20 a and the insulating film 30 (second part 32 ) formed on the side surfaces 20 c are formed simultaneously, so that they are formed seamlessly. This makes it possible to effectively suppress a leak current flowing along the side surfaces 20 c.
  • the protective member 80 formed of a part of the flexible support member 70 is buried in the upper portion of the slit 60 ; however, when a support member 70 having high rigidity, i.e., having low flexibility is used, a protective member separated from the support member 70 may be buried in the slit 60 after formation of the slit 60 and before singulation of the gallium oxide substrate, as illustrated in FIG. 14 . Alternatively, the protective member 80 may be buried after singulation of the gallium oxide substrate and before formation of the cathode electrode 50 .
  • the electrode material of the cathode electrode 50 does not reach the anode electrode 40 even if it enters the slit 60 .
  • each slit 60 may be formed into a forward tapered shape as illustrated in FIG. 15 by adjusting dry etching conditions.
  • the forward tapered shape refers to a shape in which the slit width is gradually reduced in the depth direction. This facilitates formation of the insulating film 30 on the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 in the formation process (step S 3 ) of the insulating film 30 .
  • the semiconductor device 10 finally obtained has a tapered shape in which the XY cross section of the semiconductor layer 20 is increased from the first electrode forming surface 20 a toward the second electrode forming surface 20 b , as illustrated in FIG. 16 . This contributes to improvement in mounting stability on the package.
  • the present invention is applied to a Schottky barrier diode in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to other types of semiconductor devices provided that they are vertical semiconductor devices in which current flows in the thickness direction of the substrate.
  • gallium oxide is used as the material of the semiconductor layer in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this.

Abstract

A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor layer including first and second electrode forming surfaces and side surface, an anode electrode formed on the first electrode forming surface, a cathode electrode formed on the second electrode forming surface; an insulating film continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface to the side surface so as to cover the first edge. The side surface of the semiconductor layer is covered with the insulating film, so that a leak current flowing along the side surface is reduced. Further, the side surface is protected by the insulating film, making cracking, chipping, cleavage, and the like less likely to occur.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The present invention relates to a semiconductor device and, more particularly, to a vertical semiconductor device in which current flows in the thickness direction of a substrate.
    • BACKGROUND ART
  • Power semiconductor devices require significantly large currents to be supplied as compared to general semiconductor devices and, thus, often adopt a vertical structure in which current flows in the thickness direction of a substrate. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a diode having the vertical structure. The diode described in Patent Document 1 has a structure in which a portion corresponding to a mesa groove is covered with a protective film.
    • CITATION LIST
  • [Patent Document]
  • [Patent Document 1] JP 2002-353227 A
    • SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem to be Solved by Invention
  • However, in the diode described in Patent Document 1, a wafer side surface as a cutting surface is exposed, so that not only a leakage current easily occurs along the side surface, but also cracking, chipping, cleavage and other defects tend to occur in the side surface.
  • It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a vertical semiconductor device in which a leakage current flowing along the wafer side surface, and defects in the side surface, such as cracking, chipping and cleavage hardly occur.
    • Means for Solving the Problem
  • A semiconductor device according to the present invention includes a semiconductor layer including a first electrode forming surface, a second electrode forming surface positioned opposite to the first electrode forming surface, and a side surface having a first edge as a boundary with the first electrode forming surface and a second edge as a boundary with the second electrode forming surface; a first electrode formed on the first electrode forming surface; a second electrode formed on the second electrode forming surface; and an insulating film continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface to the side surface so as to cover the first edge.
  • According to the present invention, the side surface of the semiconductor layer are covered with the insulating film, so that a leak current flowing along the side surface is reduced. Further, the side surface is protected by the insulating film, making cracking, chipping, cleavage, and the like less likely to occur. In addition, the insulating film is continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface to the side surface so as to cover the first edge, the first electrode forming surface and the side surface can be covered with the insulating film seamlessly.
  • In the present invention, it is preferable that the semiconductor layer includes a semiconductor substrate constituting the second electrode forming surface and an epitaxial layer formed on the semiconductor substrate and constituting the first electrode forming surface, that at least apart of the first electrode comes into Schottky-contact with the epitaxial layer, and that the second electrode comes into ohmic contact with the semiconductor substrate. With this configuration, a Schottky barrier diode can be constituted.
  • In this case, another part of the first electrode is preferably formed on the insulating film formed on the first electrode forming surface. With this configuration, a so-called field plate structure can be obtained.
  • In the present invention, the semiconductor layer is preferably made of gallium oxide. With this configuration, a large band gap and a large breakdown electric field can be obtained, which is very advantageous in application to a switching element for power device.
  • In the present invention, the semiconductor layer may have a tapered shape in which the cross section thereof is increased from the first electrode forming surface toward the second electrode forming surface. This facilitates the formation of the insulating film on the side surface.
    • Advantageous Effects of the Invention
  • As described above, according to the present invention, there can be provided a vertical semiconductor device in which a leakage current flowing along the wafer side surface, and defects in the side surface, such as cracking, chipping and cleavage are reduced.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a semiconductor device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the semiconductor device 10.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 10.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 6A is a plan view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process; and FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 6A.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 10 during the manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing process of a modification of the semiconductor device 10.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing process of a modification of the semiconductor device 10.
  • FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the semiconductor device 10 in which a cross section is tapered.
    •  MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a semiconductor device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a top view of the semiconductor device 10. The cross section illustrated in FIG. 1 corresponds to the cross section taken along line A-A in FIG. 2.
  • The semiconductor device 10 according to the present embodiment is a Schottky barrier diode and has a semiconductor layer 20 including a semiconductor substrate 21 and an epitaxial layer 22, both of which are made of gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3). In the present invention, the semiconductor layer 20 will be referred to generically as “gallium oxide substrate” according to the situation. Silicon (Si) or tin (Sn) is introduced as an n-type dopant into the semiconductor substrate 21 and the epitaxial layer 22. The concentration of the dopant is higher in the semiconductor substrate 21 than in the epitaxial layer 22, whereby the semiconductor substrate 21 and the epitaxial layer 22 function as an n+ layer and an n− layer, respectively.
  • The semiconductor layer 20 has a first electrode forming surface 20 a constituting the XY plane, a second electrode forming surface 20 b positioned on the side opposite to the first electrode forming surface 20 a and constituting the XY plane, and four side surfaces 20 c constituting the XZ or YZ plane. The first and second electrode forming surfaces 20 a and 20 b are (001) planes of β-Ga2O3. The first electrode forming surface 20 a is constituted by the upper surface of the epitaxial layer 22, and the second electrode forming surface 20 b is constituted by the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 21. The boundary between the first electrode forming surface 20 a and the side surfaces 20 c constitutes a first edge E1, and the boundary between the second electrode forming surface 20 b and the side surfaces 20 c constitutes a second edge E2.
  • As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, an insulating film 30 made of SiO2, Si3N4, Al2O3, HfO2 or the like is formed on the first electrode forming surface 20 a and the side surfaces 20 c. The insulating film 30 includes a first part 31 covering the first electrode forming surface 20 a and a second part 32 covering the side surfaces 20 c and is continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface 20 a to the side surfaces 20 c so as to cover the first edge E1. The insulating film 30 is made of, e.g., silicon oxide (SiO2) and has a film thickness of about 300 nm.
  • The first part 31 of the insulating film 30 has an opening 30 a exposing therethrough the first electrode forming surface 20 a. An anode electrode 40, which is a first electrode, is formed on the first electrode forming surface 20 a through the opening 30 a. With this configuration, the anode electrode 40 comes into Schottky-contact with the epitaxial layer 22. The anode electrode 40 is formed of a laminated film of, e.g., platinum (Pt), titanium (Ti) and aluminum (Al). The film thicknesses of the platinum layer, titanium layer and aluminum layer are, e.g., about 50 nm, 5 nm and 1 μm, respectively.
  • The major part of the anode electrode 40 comes into Schottky-contact with the epitaxial layer 22; the remaining part thereof covers the first part 31 of the insulating film 30. As a result, a so-called field plate structure can be obtained. Generally, in the Schottky barrier diode, an electric field is concentrated on the end portion of the anode electrode, so that an element may be destroyed when the field strength at this portion exceeds its breakdown electric field strength. However, as in the present embodiment, when the end portion of the anode electrode 40 is formed on the insulating film 30, current concentration on the end portion is alleviated to make it possible to improve reverse breakdown voltage.
  • On the other hand, a cathode electrode 50, which is a second electrode, is formed on the second electrode forming surface 20 b of the semiconductor layer 20. The cathode electrode 50 is formed of a laminated film of, e.g., titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni) and gold (Au) and comes into ohmic contact with the semiconductor substrate 21. The film thicknesses of the titanium layer, nickel layer and gold layer are e.g., about 50 nm, 0.2 μm and 0.2 μm, respectively.
  • With the above configuration, the semiconductor device 10 according to the present embodiment constitutes the Schottky barrier diode. The Schottky barrier diode is used in a switching element, wherein when a forward bias is applied between the anode electrode 40 and the cathode electrode 50, a Schottky barrier at the boundary between the anode electrode 40 and the epitaxial layer 22 decreases to cause current to flow from the anode electrode 40 to the cathode electrode 50. On the other hand, when a backward bias is applied between the anode electrode 40 and the cathode electrode 50, the Schottky barrier at the boundary between the anode electrode 40 and the epitaxial layer 22 is enhanced, with the result that current hardly flows.
  • In the semiconductor device 10 according to the present embodiment, since the side surfaces 20 c of the semiconductor layer 20 are covered with the insulating film, a leak current flowing along the side surfaces 20 c decreases, and cracking, chipping, cleavage and other defects in the side surfaces 20 c hardly occur. Further, the insulating film 30 is continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface 20 a to the side surfaces 20 c so as to cover the first edge E1, so that the effects described above are further enhanced as compared to a case where an insulating film covering the first electrode forming surface 20 a and an insulating film covering the side surfaces 20 c are separately formed. Further, cracking, chipping and other defects in the gallium oxide substrate at the first edge E1 are prevented.
  • The following describes a manufacturing method for the semiconductor device 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • As illustrated in FIG. 4, a gallium oxide wafer W obtained by slicing a bulk crystal grown by using a melt growth method is prepared, and the epitaxial layer 22 is formed on the surface of the gallium oxide wafer W. The epitaxial layer 22 can be formed by epitaxially growing gallium oxide on the surface of the gallium oxide wafer W using a reactive sputtering method, a PLD method, an MBE method, an MOCVD method, an HVPE method, or the like. The carrier concentration and film thickness of the epitaxial layer 22 are adjusted so as to secure a designed breakdown voltage. As an example, in order to obtain a reverse breakdown voltage of about 600 V, the thickness and carrier concentration may be set to about 7 μm to 8 μm and 1×1016 cm−3. The carrier concentration is controlled by introducing a dopant functioning as an n-type carrier such as Si or Sn by a desired amount at the time of film formation. Thus, the gallium oxide substrate having the epitaxial layer 22 formed on the gallium oxide wafer W is completed (step S1).
  • Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 5, dry etching is performed with an element formation area of the first electrode forming surface 20 a constituting the surface of the epitaxial layer 22 covered with an etching mask M1 to form a plurality of slits 60 in the gallium oxide substrate (step S2). The slits 60 are formed so as to penetrate the epitaxial layer 22 and to have a depth reaching the gallium oxide wafer W. Specifically, the depth of the slits 60 is made slightly larger than the final thickness of the semiconductor layer 20. For example, when the final thickness of the semiconductor layer 20 is 50 μm, the depth of the slits 60 is set to about 55 μm.
  • The slits 60 can be formed by an RIE method using chlorine-based gas such as BCl3. Particularly, in order to reduce etching time, an ICP-RIE method enabling high-speed etching is preferably used. As the etching mask M1, a metal film such as nickel (Ni) that is not etched by chlorine-based gas is preferably used so as to increase selectivity with respect to, e.g., Ga2O3. In this case, the metal film serving as the etching mask M1 is formed to have a thickness of about 100 nm using an EB vapor deposition method or a sputtering method on the entire surface of the epitaxial layer 22 and is then patterned by photolithography. After that, dry etching is performed with the patterned etching mask M1 used as a mask to form the plurality of slits 60 in the gallium oxide substrate.
  • As illustrated in FIG. 6A as a plan view, the plurality of slits are formed so as to extend in the X- and Y-directions, and the rectangular areas surrounded by the slits 60 are each a part that finally becomes an element. FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 6A. When, for example, the element size is 1 mm×1 mm, the slits 60 each having a width of 20 μm are formed in the X- and Y-directions at 1.02 mm pitch. After the formation of the slits 60, the etching mask M M1 is removed using a general acid-based etching liquid, followed by substrate cleaning.
  • The thus formed slits 60 have little damage in its inner wall 61, unlike those formed by machining using a dicing blade or the like. Further, the flatness of the inner wall 61 is very high, specifically, irregularity thereof is 1 μm or less, and the surface property thereof is almost uniform.
  • Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the insulating film 30 made of SiO2, Si3N4, Al2O3, HfO2 or the like is formed on the surface of the epitaxial layer 22 and the inner walls of the respective slits 60 (step S3). The insulating film 30 is preferably formed by a film formation method excellent in coverage, such as an ALD method or a CVD method, whereby not only the surface of the epitaxial layer 22, but also almost the entire surface of the inner wall 61 of each slit 60 is covered with the insulating film 30. Also, each portion of first edge E1, the openings of the respective slits 60, are covered with the insulating film 30. Further, a plurality of film formation methods may be combined for lamination of the insulating film 30.
  • Subsequently, the opening 30 a is formed in the insulating film 30 as illustrated in FIG. 8, and then the anode electrode 40 is formed as illustrated in FIG. 9 (step S4). The opening 30 a is formed by patterning a resist by a normal photolithography method, and then by applying dry etching or wet etching to the insulating film 30 with the resist used as a mask. However, the plurality of slits 60 are formed in the gallium oxide substrate at this point, so that a film-type solid resist is more preferably used as the resist than a coating-type liquid resist.
  • The anode electrode 40 can be formed by a vapor deposition method and patterned using a lift-off process. That is, a resist pattern having a planar size larger by about 5 μm than that of the opening 30 a of the insulating film 30 is formed, and then platinum (Pt), titanium (Ti) and aluminum (Al) are formed to have thicknesses of 50 nm, 5 nm and 1 μm, respectively, by vapor deposition. Then, the resist pattern is removed, whereby the metal layer formed on the resist pattern can be removed together with the rest pattern. In order to prevent the metal film from adhering to the inside of the slit 60, a film-type solid resist is preferably used. Alternatively, in place of patterning the anode electrode 40 formed on the entire surface, vapor deposition may be performed through a lattice-like metal mask to selectively form the anode electrode 40. However, in the present embodiment, the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 is covered with the insulating film 30, so that even when a small amount of the metal material enters the slit 60, it does not contact the gallium oxide substrate.
  • Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 10, a flexible support member 70 is stuck onto the surface of the gallium oxide substrate (step S5). As the flexible support member 70, a member having high flexibility like a thick resin film is preferably used. By applying a certain pressure to the highly flexible support member 70 on the surface of the gallium oxide substrate, the support member 70 is deformed and partly serves as a protective member 80 buried in the slit 60. By the protective member 80, the anode electrode 40 is spatially isolated from the slit 60.
  • Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 11, the back side, i.e., the lower surface of the gallium oxide wafer W is ground and polished with the gallium oxide substrate supported by the support member 70 (step S6). The grinding and polishing can be conducted in the same manner as for a general silicon substrate. The gallium oxide wafer W is ground and polished up to the slit 60, whereby the gallium oxide substrate including the semiconductor substrate 21 and epitaxial layer 22 is singulated into a plurality of individual pieces. After the grinding and polishing, cleaning is performed to clean the polished surface. Although both the grinding and polishing are performed for singulation in the above description, the grinding may be omitted.
  • Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 12, the cathode electrode 50 is formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 21 made of gallium oxide (step S7). The cathode electrode 50 is preferably formed using a thin-film formation method with low coverage, such as a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method. As a result, the cathode electrode 50 is properly formed on the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 21, while an electrode material hardly gets into the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 to substantially prevent the electrode from being formed on the inner wall 61. Although a part of the electrode material of the cathode electrode 50 enters the slit 60, since the upper portion of the slit 60 is filled with the protective member 80 formed of a part of the support member 70 as illustrated in FIG. 12, the electrode material of the cathode electrode 50 by no means reaches the anode electrode 40. In order to prevent the electrode material from entering the slit 60, it is preferable to perform vapor deposition with the slit 60 covered with a lattice-shaped metal mask or the like to selectively form the cathode electrode 50 on the lower surface of the semiconductor substrate 21.
  • Then, as illustrated in FIG. 13, the support member 70 is removed, whereby a plurality of the semiconductor devices 10 are completed (step S8). Each individual semiconductor device 10 is mounted in a package as needed. The package has a base plate made of copper (Cu) or the like, and the base plate and the cathode electrode 50 of the semiconductor device 10 are connected through a solder. The anode electrode 40 of the semiconductor device 10 is connected to a lead frame of the package through a bonding wire.
  • Thus, according to the manufacturing method for the semiconductor device 10 of the present embodiment, dry etching is performed to form the plurality of slits 60 on the upper surface side of the gallium oxide substrate, and then the lower surface side of the gallium oxide substrate is ground and polished to singulate the substrate, thereby preventing the side surfaces 20 c of the semiconductor layer 20 from being mechanically damaged. Thus, unlike a case where the substrate is singulated using a dicing blade or the like, cracking, chipping, cleavage and other defects do not occur in the side surfaces 20 c. Particularly, in β-Ga2O3, a (100) plane and a (001) plane have cleavability, so that in a case where the electrode forming surfaces 20 a and 20 b are (001) planes of β-Ga2O3, many horizontal cleavages may occur in the side surfaces 20 c when the substrate is singulated using a dicing blade or the like. When such cleavages occur, not only device characteristics may be changed, but also gallium oxide powder resulting from the cleavage may be scattered. However, according to the manufacturing method for the semiconductor device 10 of the present embodiment, the side surfaces 20 c are formed by dry etching, so that such cleavages hardly occur. Even if a small number of cleavages occur, the gallium oxide powder is not scattered since the side surfaces 20 c are covered with the insulating film 30. Further, gallium oxide has low heat conductivity, so that heat generated due to forward current is not efficiently radiated to easily cause element degradation. However, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the semiconductor layer 20 is reduced by polishing the back surface of the gallium oxide wafer W, so that heat radiation performance can be improved.
  • In addition, the insulating film 30 is formed also on the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 simultaneously when the insulating film 30 is formed for the purpose of obtaining the field plate structure, so that it is possible to form the insulating film 30 both on the first electrode forming surface 20 a and on the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 without involving an increase in the number of processes. Thus, the insulating film 30 (first part 31) formed on the first electrode forming surface 20 a and the insulating film 30 (second part 32) formed on the side surfaces 20 c are formed simultaneously, so that they are formed seamlessly. This makes it possible to effectively suppress a leak current flowing along the side surfaces 20 c.
  • In the above-described manufacturing method, the protective member 80 formed of a part of the flexible support member 70 is buried in the upper portion of the slit 60; however, when a support member 70 having high rigidity, i.e., having low flexibility is used, a protective member separated from the support member 70 may be buried in the slit 60 after formation of the slit 60 and before singulation of the gallium oxide substrate, as illustrated in FIG. 14. Alternatively, the protective member 80 may be buried after singulation of the gallium oxide substrate and before formation of the cathode electrode 50. At any rate, as far as the protective member 80 is buried in the slit 60 at the time of formation of the cathode electrode 50, the electrode material of the cathode electrode 50 does not reach the anode electrode 40 even if it enters the slit 60.
  • Further, in the formation process (step S2) of the slits 60, each slit 60 may be formed into a forward tapered shape as illustrated in FIG. 15 by adjusting dry etching conditions. The forward tapered shape refers to a shape in which the slit width is gradually reduced in the depth direction. This facilitates formation of the insulating film 30 on the inner wall 61 of the slit 60 in the formation process (step S3) of the insulating film 30. When the slit 60 having such a forward tapered shape is formed, the semiconductor device 10 finally obtained has a tapered shape in which the XY cross section of the semiconductor layer 20 is increased from the first electrode forming surface 20 a toward the second electrode forming surface 20 b, as illustrated in FIG. 16. This contributes to improvement in mounting stability on the package.
  • While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and may be implemented in various forms without departing from the sprit and the scope of the invention.
  • For example, although the present invention is applied to a Schottky barrier diode in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to other types of semiconductor devices provided that they are vertical semiconductor devices in which current flows in the thickness direction of the substrate.
  • Further, although gallium oxide is used as the material of the semiconductor layer in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this.
    • REFERENCE SIGNS LIST
    • 10 semiconductor device
    • 20 semiconductor layer
    • 20 a first electrode forming surface
    • 20 b second electrode forming surface
    • 20 c side surface
    • 21 semiconductor substrate
    • 22 epitaxial layer
    • 30 insulating film
    • 30 a opening
    • 31 first part
    • 32 second part
    • 40 anode electrode
    • 50 cathode electrode
    • 60 slit
    • 61 inner wall
    • 70 support member
    • 80 protective member
    • E1 first edge
    • E2 second edge
    • M1 etching mask
    • W gallium oxide wafer

Claims (5)

1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a semiconductor layer including a first electrode forming surface, a second electrode forming surface positioned opposite to the first electrode forming surface, and a side surface having a first edge as a boundary with the first electrode forming surface and a second edge as a boundary with the second electrode forming surface;
a first electrode formed on the first electrode forming surface;
a second electrode formed on the second electrode forming surface; and
an insulating film continuously formed from the first electrode forming surface to the side surface so as to cover the first edge.
2. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the semiconductor layer includes a semiconductor substrate constituting the second electrode forming surface and an epitaxial layer formed on the semiconductor substrate and constituting the first electrode forming surface, and
wherein at least a part of the first electrode comes into Schottky-contact with the epitaxial layer, and the second electrode comes into ohmic contact with the semiconductor substrate.
3. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 2, wherein another part of the first electrode is formed on the insulating film formed on the first electrode forming surface.
4. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semiconductor layer is made of gallium oxide.
5. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semiconductor layer has a tapered shape in which a cross section thereof is increased from the first electrode forming surface toward the second electrode forming surface.
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