US20200041121A1 - Steam Power Generating System with Injection Feedwater Heater - Google Patents
Steam Power Generating System with Injection Feedwater Heater Download PDFInfo
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- US20200041121A1 US20200041121A1 US16/051,435 US201816051435A US2020041121A1 US 20200041121 A1 US20200041121 A1 US 20200041121A1 US 201816051435 A US201816051435 A US 201816051435A US 2020041121 A1 US2020041121 A1 US 2020041121A1
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- steam
- water
- injection
- heat exchange
- turbine assembly
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 407
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 407
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 702
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/28—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters for direct heat transfer, e.g. by mixing water and steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/32—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines
- F22D1/325—Schematic arrangements or control devices therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/003—Feed-water heater systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generating system, and more particularly to a steam power generating system for a steam power plant, wherein the steam power generating system comprises at least one injection feedwater heater which has enhanced heat exchange efficiency between steam and condensate water.
- a conventional power plant such as a steam power plant, usually comprises a boiler, a turbine assembly including at least one turbine unit, a generator, a condenser and a feedwater heater.
- the boiler is arranged to generate steam which is then guided to produce work in the turbine assembly.
- the steam may spin or rotate the turbine unit which is connected to the generator.
- the generator is arranged to produce electricity. Heat energy is then converted into mechanical energy which is then further converted into electrical energy.
- the steam used to turn the turbine unit is guided to enter into a condenser in which the steam is arranged to be cooled down and condensed into water.
- the condensate water may then be guided to enter a feedwater heater.
- the feedwater heater is arranged to raise the temperature of the water by utilizing extraction steam from various stages of the turbine assembly.
- Feedwater heaters may be open heat exchangers in which extracted steam may be allowed to mix with condensate water.
- feedwater heaters may also be closed in which condensate water and steam perform heat exchange through a plurality of heat exchanging tubes.
- most feedwater heaters employed in steam power plants are closed feedwater heaters.
- closed feedwater heaters have relatively low heat exchange efficiency and complicated installation and manufacturing procedures. Since heat exchange between condensate water and steam are through heat exchanging tubes, a typical closed feedwater heater may comprise many heat exchanges tubes which may be arranged in manifold for maximizing the surface area through which heat exchange process may take place. The manufacturing and installation of this type of feedwater heaters are very complicated and expensive in costs.
- Certain variations of the present invention provide a steam power generating system comprising an injection feedwater heater with enhanced heat exchange efficiency between steam and condensate water.
- Certain variations of the present invention provide an injection feedwater heater for use in a steam power generating system, wherein steam and condensate water may be evenly and effectively mixed for preheating condensate water before it is circulated back to a steam generator.
- a steam power generating system comprising:
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- a feedwater preheat arrangement comprising at least one injection feedwater heater which is connected to the condenser and the turbine assembly through at least one of the connecting pipes, and comprises:
- main heater body having a heat exchange compartment, a water inlet, a steam inlet, and a water outlet formed on the main heater body;
- an injection nozzle provided in the main heater body at a position adjacent to the water inlet, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from the condenser is arranged to be pumped into the main heater body through the water inlet, the condensate water passing through the water inlet being arranged to be injected into the heat exchange compartment through the injection nozzle for creating a negative pressure in the heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the heat exchange compartment through the steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the heat exchange compartment through the water outlet.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a steam power generating system, comprising:
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- feedwater preheat arrangement provided between the condenser and the steam generator, the feedwater preheat arrangement comprising:
- a first injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a first main heater body having a first heat exchange compartment, a first water inlet connected to the condenser, a first steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a first water outlet formed on the first main heater body and connected to the steam generator;
- a first injection nozzle provided in the first main heater body at a position adjacent to the first water inlet
- a second injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a second main heater body having a second heat exchange compartment, a second water inlet connected to the condenser and the first water inlet, a second steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a second water outlet formed on the second main heater body and connected to the steam generator and the first water outlet in parallel;
- a third injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a third main heater body having a third heat exchange compartment, a third water inlet connected to the condenser and the first water inlet and the second water inlet, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body and connected to the steam generator and the first water outlet and the second water outlet all in parallel;
- a third injection nozzle provided in the third main heater body at a position adjacent to the third water inlet
- the first through third injection feedwater heater being connected in parallel with each other, wherein a predetermined amount of condensate water from the condenser is arranged to be pumped into the first through third main heater body via the first through third water inlet respectively, the condensate water passing through the first through third water inlet being arranged to be injected into the first through third heat exchange compartment via the first through the third injection nozzle respectively for creating a negative pressure in the first heat exchange compartment, the second heat exchange compartment and the third heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the first through third heat exchange compartment via the first through the third steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the corresponding first through the third heat exchange compartment via the first through third water outlet.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a steam power generating system, comprising
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- feedwater preheat arrangement provided between the condenser and the steam generator, the feedwater preheat arrangement comprising:
- a first injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a first main heater body having a first heat exchange compartment, a first water inlet connected to the condenser, a first steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a first water outlet formed on the first main heater body and connected to the deaerator;
- a first injection nozzle provided in the first main heater body at a position adjacent to the first water inlet
- a second injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a second main heater body having a second heat exchange compartment, a second water inlet connected to the deaerator, a second steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a second water outlet formed on the second main heater body;
- a third injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a third main heater body having a third heat exchange compartment, a third water inlet connected to the second water outlet of the second injection feedwater heater, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body and connected to the steam generator;
- a third injection nozzle provided in the third main heater body at a position adjacent to the third water inlet
- a predetermined amount of condensate water from the condenser is arranged to sequentially pass through the first injection feedwater heater, the deaerator, the second injection feedwater heater, the third injection feedwater heater, and back to the steam generator;
- the condensate water being arranged to be pumped into the corresponding first through third main heater body via the first through third water inlet respectively, the condensate water passing through the corresponding first through third water inlet being arranged to be injected into the corresponding first through third heat exchange compartment via the first through the third injection nozzle respectively for creating a negative pressure in the first through third heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the first through third heat exchange compartment via the first through the third steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the corresponding first through the third heat exchange compartment via the first through third water outlet.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a steam power generating system, comprising:
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- feedwater preheat arrangement provided between the condenser and the steam generator, the feedwater preheat arrangement comprising:
- a first injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a first main heater body having a first heat exchange compartment, a first water inlet connected to the condenser, a first steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and
- first water outlet formed on the first main heater body and connected to the deaerator
- a first injection nozzle provided in the first main heater body at a position adjacent to the first water inlet
- a second injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a second main heater body having a second heat exchange compartment, a second water inlet connected to the condenser and the first water inlet in parallel, a second steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a second water outlet formed on the second main heater body and connected to the deaerator and the first water outlet in parallel;
- a third injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a third main heater body having a third heat exchange compartment, a third water inlet connected to the deaerator, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body and connected to the steam generator;
- a third injection nozzle provided in the third main heater body at a position adjacent to the third water inlet
- a fourth injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a fourth main heater body having a fourth heat exchange compartment, a fourth water inlet connected to the deaerator and the third water inlet in parallel, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body and connected to the steam generator and the third water outlet in parallel;
- a fourth injection nozzle provided in the fourth main heater body at a position adjacent to the fourth water inlet
- a predetermined amount of condensate water from the condenser is arranged to be pumped into the first injection feedwater heater and the second injection feedwater heater in parallel, the water coming out of the first injection feedwater heater and the second injection feedwater heater being arranged to enter the deaerator and thereafter guided to enter the third injection feedwater heater and the fourth injection feedwater heater in parallel, the condensate water coming out of the third injection feedwater heater and the fourth injection feedwater heater being arranged to flow back to the steam generator for another cycle of electricity generation;
- the condensate water being arranged to be pumped into the corresponding first through fourth main heater body via the first through fourth water inlet respectively, the condensate water passing through the corresponding first through fourth water inlet being arranged to be injected into the corresponding first through fourth heat exchange compartment via the first through the fourth injection nozzle respectively for creating a negative pressure in the first through fourth heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the first through fourth heat exchange compartment via the first through the fourth steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the corresponding first through the fourth heat exchange compartment via the first through fourth water outlet.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a steam power generating system, comprising
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- feedwater preheat arrangement provided between the condenser and the steam generator, the feedwater preheat arrangement comprising:
- a first injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a first main heater body having a first heat exchange compartment, a first water inlet connected to the condenser, a first steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a first water outlet formed on the first main heater body and connected to the first deaerator;
- a first injection nozzle provided in the first main heater body at a position adjacent to the first water inlet
- a second injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a second main heater body having a second heat exchange compartment, a second water inlet connected to the condenser and the first water inlet in parallel, a second steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a second water outlet formed on the second main heater body and connected to the second deaerator;
- a third injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a third main heater body having a third heat exchange compartment, a third water inlet connected to the first deaerator, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body;
- a third injection nozzle provided in the third main heater body at a position adjacent to the third water inlet
- a fourth injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a fourth main heater body having a fourth heat exchange compartment, a fourth water inlet connected to the second deaerator, a fourth steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a fourth water outlet formed on the fourth main heater body;
- a fourth injection nozzle provided in the fourth main heater body at a position adjacent to the fourth water inlet
- a fifth injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a fifth main heater body having a fifth heat exchange compartment, a fifth water inlet connected to the third water outlet, a fifth steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a fifth water outlet formed on the fifth main heater body and connected to the steam generator;
- a fifth injection nozzle provided in the fifth main heater body at a position adjacent to the fifth water inlet
- a sixth injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a sixth main heater body having a sixth heat exchange compartment, a sixth water inlet connected to the fourth water outlet, a sixth steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a sixth water outlet formed on the sixth main heater body and connected to the steam generator and the fifth water outlet in parallel;
- a sixth injection nozzle provided in the sixth main heater body at a position adjacent to the sixth water inlet
- a predetermined amount of condensate water from the condenser is arranged to be pumped into the first injection feedwater heater and the second injection feedwater heater in parallel, the water coming out of the first injection feedwater heater and the second injection feedwater heater being arranged to enter the first deaerator and the second deaerator respectively, the condensate water coming out from the first deaerator being arranged to sequentially enter the third injection feedwater heater and the fifth injection feedwater heater, the condensate water coming out from the second deaerator being arranged to sequentially enter the fourth injection feedwater heater and the sixth injection feedwater heater, the condensate water coming out of the fifth injection feedwater heater and the sixth injection feedwater heater being arranged to flow back to the steam generator for another cycle of electricity generation;
- the condensate water being arranged to be pumped into the corresponding first through sixth main heater body via the first through sixth water inlet respectively, the condensate water passing through the corresponding first through sixth water inlet being arranged to be injected into the corresponding first through sixth heat exchange compartment via the first through the sixth injection nozzle respectively for creating a negative pressure in the first through sixth heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the first through sixth heat exchange compartment via the first through the sixth steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the corresponding first through the sixth heat exchange compartment via the first through sixth water outlet.
- an injection feedwater heater for a steam power generating system comprising a steam generator, a turbine assembly, an electric generator and a condenser, the injection feedwater heater comprising:
- main heater body having a heat exchange compartment, a water inlet, a steam inlet, and a water outlet formed on the main heater body;
- an injection nozzle provided in the main heater body at a position adjacent to the water inlet, wherein a predetermined amount of condensate water is arranged to be pumped into the main heater body through the water inlet, the condensate water passing through the water inlet being arranged to be injected into the heat exchange compartment through the injection nozzle for creating a negative pressure in the heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam to enter the heat exchange compartment through the steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the heat exchange compartment through the water outlet.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a water collection head according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an alternative configuration of the water collection head according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional schematic view of an injection nozzle according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an alternative configuration of an injection nozzle according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a top schematic view of nozzle holes forming on a nozzle base according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an alternative configuration of nozzle holes forming on the nozzle base according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a first alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a second alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a third alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 a schematic diagram of a fourth alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14A to FIG. 14C are schematic diagrams of first through third injection feedwater heater according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention respectively.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a fourth injection feedwater heater according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19A to FIG. 19B are schematic diagrams of fifth through sixth injection feedwater heater according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention respectively.
- the steam power generating system may comprise a plurality of connecting pipes 101 , a steam generator 102 , a turbine assembly 300 , an electric generator 400 , a condenser 500 , and a feedwater preheat arrangement 1 which comprises at least one injection feedwater heater 10 .
- the connecting pipes 101 may connect one of more components in the steam power generating system and may allow steam or water to pass therethrough.
- the steam generator 102 may be arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam.
- the steam generator 102 may be configured as a boiler.
- the turbine assembly 300 may comprise at least one turbine 310 and may be connected to the steam generator 102 through at least one of the connecting pipes 101 , wherein the steam generated by the steam generator 102 may be arranged to feed into and produce work on the turbine assembly 300 .
- the electric generator 400 may be connected to the turbine assembly 300 , wherein the work produced in the turbine assembly 300 may be converted to a predetermined amount of electricity through turning the turbine 310 .
- the condenser 500 may be connected to the turbine assembly 300 through at least one of the connecting pipes 101 , wherein the steam from the turbine assembly 300 may be guided to flow into the condenser 500 which may be arranged to condense the steam into condensate water.
- the injection feedwater heater 10 may be connected to the condenser 500 and the turbine assembly 300 through at least one of the connecting pipes 101 , and may comprise a main heater body 11 and an injection nozzle 12 .
- the main heater body 11 may have a heat exchange compartment 111 , a water inlet 112 , a steam inlet 113 , and a water outlet 114 formed on the main heater body 11 .
- the injection nozzle 12 may be provided in the main heater body 11 at a position adjacent to the water inlet 112 , wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from the condenser 500 may be arranged to be pumped into the main heater body 11 through the water inlet 112 .
- the condensate water passing through the water inlet 112 may be arranged to be injected into the heat exchange compartment 111 through the injection nozzle 12 for creating a negative pressure in the heat exchange compartment 111 .
- the negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly 300 to enter the heat exchange compartment 111 through the steam inlet 113 for mixing with the condensate water.
- the condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the heat exchange compartment 111 through the water outlet 114 .
- the feedwater preheat arrangement 1 may be provided between the steam generator 102 and the condenser 500 for preheating the condensate water from the condenser 500 before feeding to the steam generator 102 .
- the steam power generating system may operate in accordance with thermodynamics theories, such as following the heat exchange model predicted by Rankine cycle.
- the connecting pipes 101 may connect each of the elements of the steam power generating system which may be employed in a steam power plant.
- the steam generator 102 may be configured as a boiler which may heat up water by using a predetermined type of fuel. The water may be converted into superheated steam which may be guided to flow to the turbine assembly 300 .
- the turbine assembly 300 may comprise at least one turbine 310 arranged in such a manner that the superheated steam produced by the steam generator 102 may be allowed to turn the turbine 310 for converting heat energy into mechanical energy. More than one turbine 310 may be employed according to different circumstances in which the present invention is utilized.
- the electric generator 400 may be connected to the turbine assembly 300 and may be arranged to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy when the turbine 310 is turned.
- the electric generator 400 may be connected to other electrical components so that people may make further use of the electricity generated by the electric generator 400 .
- the condenser 500 may be connected to the turbine assembly 300 wherein the steam used to turn the turbine 310 may be guided to flow into the condenser 500 .
- the steam flowing into the condenser 500 may be arranged to perform heat exchange with a predetermined heat exchange medium (such as water) so as to be condensed back into water (referred to “condensate water in this specification). Heat may be extracted from the steam, and condensate water may be arranged to flow out of the condenser 500 .
- the condensate water may be preheated by at least one injection feedwater heater 10 before being circulated back to the steam generator 102 .
- the steam power generating system may further comprise at least one pumping device 70 connected to at least one of the connecting pipes 101 for pumping fluid flowing through the various components of the steam power generating system.
- the steam power generating system may comprise two pumping devices 70 one of which may be connected between the injection feedwater heater 10 and the condenser 500 , while the other one may be connected between the injection feedwater heater 60 and the steam generator 102 .
- the pumping devices 70 may facilitate circulation of the condensate water from the condenser 500 to the steam generator 102 .
- the injection feedwater heater 10 may be connected to the condenser 500 and the turbine assembly 300 so that the water coming out from the condenser 500 may be guided to flow into the injection feedwater heater 10 .
- steam from the turbine assembly 300 may be guided to flow into the injection feedwater heater 60 to perform heat exchange with the condensate water.
- the water inlet 112 may be connected to the condenser 500 through at least one connecting pipe 101 .
- the condensate water coming from the condenser 500 may be guided to flow into the injection feedwater heater 10 through the water inlet 112 .
- the main heater body 11 may comprise a heat exchanging tube 115 and a water collection head 116 connected to the heat exchanging tube 115 , wherein the water inlet 112 may be formed on the water collection head 116 while the heat exchange compartment 111 may be formed in the heat exchanging tube 115 .
- the heat exchanging tube 115 may be configured as having an elongated structure and may be installed in vertical orientation. In this orientation, the water collection head 116 may be provided on top of the heat exchanging tube 115 , as shown in FIG. 2 of the drawings.
- the main heater body 11 may further comprise a water discharging tube 117 extended from the heat exchanging tube 615 , wherein the water outlet 114 may be formed on the water discharging tube 117 .
- Condensate water coming from the condenser 500 may sequentially pass through the water inlet 112 , the water collection head 116 , the heat exchanging tube 115 , the water discharging tube 117 , and the water outlet 114 .
- the water collection head 116 and the water discharging tube 117 may be provided on two opposite ends of the heat exchanging tube 115 respectively.
- the water discharging tube 117 may be provided below the heat exchanging tube 115 .
- the water collection head 116 may have a water collection chamber 1161 .
- the water inlet 112 may be formed on the water collection head 116 and may communicate with the water collection chamber 1161 . Condensate water from the condenser 500 may pass through the water inlet 112 and may be temporarily accommodated in the water collection chamber 1161 before passing through the injection nozzle 12 .
- the water inlet 112 may be formed along a longitudinal axis of the heat exchanging tube 115 so as to substantially align therewith.
- the water inlet 112 may be formed substantially parallel to a transverse axis of the heat exchanging tube 115 , as shown in FIG. 4 of the drawings.
- the heat exchanging tube 115 may comprise an external tube member 1151 and an internal tube member 1152 for forming a double wall structure of the heat exchanging tube 115 .
- the steam inlet 113 may be formed on the external tube member 1151 of the heat exchanging tube 115 .
- a diameter of the internal tube member 1152 may be less than that of the external tube member 1151 so as to form a receiving gap 1153 between the external tube member 1151 and the internal tube member 1152 .
- the heat exchange compartment 111 may be formed inside the internal tube member 1152 .
- each of the external tube member 1151 and the internal tube member 1152 may have a circular cross section. Other cross-sectional shapes may also be possible and should be covered and protected by the present patent.
- each of the external tube member 1151 and the internal tube member 1152 may have a uniform diameter along a longitudinal axis thereof. However, non-uniform diameter along the longitudinal axis of each or both of the external tube member 1151 and the internal tube member 1152 may also be possible.
- the injection nozzle 12 may be provided between the water collection head 116 and the heat exchanging tube 115 .
- the injection nozzle 12 may comprise a nozzle base 121 and have a plurality of injection holes 122 formed on the nozzle base 121 , wherein the injection holes 122 may communicate the water collection chamber 1161 with the heat exchange compartment 111 so that water collected in the water collection chamber 1161 may be injected into the heat exchange compartment 111 through the injection holes 122 .
- the injection nozzle 12 may further comprise a plurality of nozzle units 123 wherein the injection holes 122 may be formed in the nozzle units 123 respectively.
- Each of the nozzle units 123 may have a nozzle head 1231 provided on the nozzle base 121 , and an elongated nozzle pin 1232 extending from the nozzle head 1231 and penetrating through the nozzle base 121 , wherein the corresponding injection hole 122 may extend along the nozzle head 1231 and the elongated nozzle pin 1232 .
- the injection hole 122 extending in the nozzle head 1231 may have a tapered cross-sectional shape.
- the injection holes 122 may be formed directly on the nozzle base 121 so that water collection in the water collection chamber 1161 may be injected into the heat exchange compartment 111 through the injection holes 122 without passing through any nozzle units 123 .
- the nozzle base 121 may be configured to have a substantially circular cross section wherein the injection holes 122 may be spacedly formed on the nozzle base 121 .
- the exact distribution of the injection holes 122 or the injection units 123 forming on the nozzle base 121 may vary depending on the manufacturing or application circumstances of the case.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a radial projection of the nozzle holes 122 from the center of the nozzle base 121 .
- the nozzle holes 122 may be distributed on the nozzle base 121 along several imaginary projection lines radially extended from the center of the nozzle base 121 .
- the nozzle units 123 may be distributed on the nozzle base 121 along several imaginary projection lines radially extended from the center of the nozzle base 121 .
- FIG. 8 illustrates that the nozzle holes 122 may be distributed on the nozzle base 121 randomly.
- the exact manner in which the nozzle holes 122 may be distributed depend on the manufacturing and operational circumstances of the present invention.
- the water discharging tube 117 may extend from the heat exchanging tube 115 at a position opposite to the water collection head 116 .
- the water collection head 116 and the water discharging tube 117 may be provided on two opposite end portions of the heat exchanging tube 115 respectively.
- the water discharging tube 115 may extend from the internal tube member 1152 of the heat exchanging tube 115 .
- the water discharging tube 117 may have a guiding portion 1171 , a pressurizing portion 1172 , and a buffering portion 1173 extended between the guiding portion 1171 and the pressurizing portion 1172 .
- the guiding portion 1171 may extend from the heat exchanging tube 115 and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the heat exchanging tube 115 so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion.
- the pressurizing portion 1172 may extend from the buffering portion 1173 and may have a diameter gradually increasing from the buffering portion 1173 so that the water passing through the pressurizing portion 1172 may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate.
- the injection feedwater heater 12 may further comprise a safety arrangement 14 provided on the heat exchanging tube 115 for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the heat exchanging tube 115 and reaching the turbine 310 through the steam inlet 113 .
- a safety arrangement 14 provided on the heat exchanging tube 115 for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the heat exchanging tube 115 and reaching the turbine 310 through the steam inlet 113 .
- the main heater body 11 may further comprise a steam input tube 118 extending from the external tube member 1151 , wherein the steam inlet 113 may be formed in the steam input tube 618 .
- the safety arrangement 14 may comprise a unidirectional valve 141 mounted in the steam input tube 118 for preventing water from exiting the heat exchanging tube 115 and reaching the turbine 310 through the steam inlet 113 .
- the safety arrangement 14 may further comprise an electromagnetic valve 142 mounted in the steam input tube 118 , and a plurality of pressure sensors 143 provided in the internal tube member 1152 and the steam input tube 118 respectively for measuring the pressure in the internal tube member 1152 (i.e. the heat exchange compartment 111 ) and the steam input tube 118 respectively.
- the pressure sensors 143 may be electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve 142 so that when the pressure sensors 143 detect that the pressure in the steam input tube 118 is lower than that of the heat exchange compartment 111 , the electromagnetic valve 142 may be arranged to turn off the corresponding pumping device 70 for stopping condensate water from further feeding into the injection feedwater heater 10 .
- the steam power generating system may be utilized to generate electricity through applications of thermodynamics theories such as Rankin cycle.
- Water in the steam generator 102 may be heated to become superheated steam.
- the superheated steam may be guided to flow to the turbine assembly 300 so that the energy stored in the superheated steam may be used to turn one or more turbine 310 .
- the movement of the turbines 310 may be used to generate electricity by the electric generator 400 .
- the steam leaving the turbine assembly 300 may be guided to flow into the condenser 500 which may condense the steam into condensate water.
- the condensate water may then be guided to leave the condenser 500 and enter the injection feedwater heater 10 .
- the purpose of feeding the water into the injection feedwater heater 10 is to preheat the condensate water to a predetermined temperature by using the heat from the steam extracted from the turbine assembly 300 so as to maximize the overall efficiency of the entire steam power generating system.
- the condensate water may then be guided to leave the injection feedwater heater 10 and flow back to the steam generator 102 for being converted back into superheated steam to perform another cycle of electricity generation in the manner described above.
- condensate water may first be fed into the water collection head 116 through the water inlet 112 .
- the condensate water may then be temporarily collected in the water collection chamber 1161 and ready to pass through the injection nozzle 12 .
- the condensate water in the water collection chamber 1161 may then be injected into the heat exchange compartment 111 by the injection nozzle 12 .
- the injection of the condensate water in the heat exchange compartment 111 may create a negative pressure in the heat exchange compartment 111 which may tend to create a suction effect to the fluid staying out of the heat exchange compartment 111 .
- steam may be sucked into the heat exchanging tube 115 through the steam inlet 113 .
- the steam passing through the steam inlet 113 may go on to pass through the holes 1154 and eventually enter the heat exchange compartment 111 .
- the steam entering the heat exchange compartment 111 may be arranged to mix with the condensate water and perform heat exchange therewith. The result is that the condensate water may be “pre-heated” while the steam may be condensed in the heat exchange compartment 111 after performing heat exchange with the condensate water.
- the resulting product which is also water may be guided to sequentially pass through the guiding portion 1171 , the buffering portion 1173 and the pressurizing portion 1172 of the water discharging tube 117 .
- the water passing through the water discharging tube 117 may be guided to leave the injection feedwater heater 10 through the water outlet 114 .
- the water leaving the injection feedwater heater 10 may be guided to flow back to the steam generator 102 in the manner described above.
- FIG. 9 of the drawings a first alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater 10 ′ according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- the first alternative mode is similar to the injection feedwater heater 10 described above, except that the injection feedwater heater 10 ′ may be designed primarily for use in a horizontal orientation.
- the main heater body 11 ′ may comprise a heat exchanging tube 115 ′ and a water collection head 116 ′ connected to the heat exchanging tube 115 ′, wherein the water inlet 112 ′ may be formed on the water collection head 116 ′ while the heat exchange compartment 111 ′ may be formed in the heat exchanging tube 115 ′.
- the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ may also be configured as having an elongated structure.
- the main heater body 11 ′ may further comprise a water discharging tube 117 ′ extended from the heat exchanging tube 115 ′, wherein the water outlet 114 ′ may be formed on the water discharging tube 117 ′.
- Condensate water coming from the condenser 500 may sequentially pass through the water inlet 112 ′, the water collection head 116 ′, the heat exchanging tube 115 ′, the water discharging tube 117 ′, and the water outlet 114 ′.
- the water collection head 116 ′ and the water discharging tube 117 ′ may be provided on two opposite ends of the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ respectively.
- one end portion 1155 ′ of the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ may be inclined with respect to longitudinal axis thereof.
- the water collection head 116 ′ may have a water collection chamber 1161 ′.
- the water inlet 112 ′ may be formed on the water collection head 116 ′ and may communicate with the water collection chamber 1161 ′.
- the water inlet 112 ′ may be formed along a longitudinal axis of the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ so as to substantially align therewith.
- the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ may comprise an external tube member 1151 ′ and an internal tube member 1152 ′ for forming a double wall structure of the heat exchanging tube 115 ′.
- the steam inlet 113 ′ may be formed on the external tube member 1151 ′ of the heat exchanging tube 115 ′.
- a diameter of the internal tube member 1152 ′ may be less than that of the external tube member 1151 ′ so as to form a receiving gap 1153 ′ between the external tube member 1151 ′ and the internal tube member 1152 ′.
- the heat exchange compartment 111 ′ may be formed inside the internal tube member 1152 ′.
- the internal tube member 1152 ′ may have a plurality of holes 1154 ′ formed thereon for communicating the receiving gap 1153 ′ with the heat exchange compartment 111 ′.
- the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ may further have a water release port 1156 ′ formed on the external tube member 1151 ′ for allowing residual water to be discharged out of the receiving gap 1153 ′.
- the injection nozzle 12 ′ may be provided between the water collection head 116 ′ and the heat exchanging tube 115 ′.
- the injection nozzle 12 ′ comprise a nozzle base 121 ′ and have a plurality of injection holes 122 ′ formed on the nozzle base 121 ′, wherein the injection holes 122 ′ may communicate the water collection chamber 1161 ′ with the heat exchange compartment 111 ′ so that water collected in the water collection chamber 1161 ′ may be injected into the heat exchange compartment 111 ′ through the injection holes 122 ′.
- the water discharging tube 117 ′ may also extend from the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ at a position opposite to the water collection head 116 ′.
- the water discharging tube 117 ′ may extend from the internal tube member 1152 ′ of the heat exchanging tube 115 ′.
- the water discharging tube 117 ′ may have a guiding portion 1171 ′, a pressurizing portion 1172 ′, and a buffering portion 1173 ′ extended between the guiding portion 6171 ′ and the pressurizing portion 1172 ′.
- the guiding portion 1171 ′ may extend from the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion.
- the guiding portion 1171 ′ may have an inclined guiding surface 1174 ′ wherein the water coming from the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ may be arranged to hit the inclined guiding surface 1174 ′ and be guided to flow to the buffering portion 1173 ′.
- the pressurizing portion 1172 ′ may extend from the buffering portion 1173 ′ and may have a diameter gradually increasing from the buffering portion 1173 ′ so that the water passing through the pressurizing portion 1172 ′ may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate.
- the injection feedwater heater 10 ′ may further comprise a safety arrangement 14 ′ provided on the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ and reaching the turbine 310 through the steam inlet 113 ′.
- the main heater body 11 ′ may further comprise a steam input tube 118 ′ extending from the external tube member 1151 ′, wherein the steam inlet 113 ′ is formed in the steam input tube 118 ′.
- steam coming from the turbine 310 may flow into the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ through the steam input tube 118 ′ and the steam inlet 113 ′.
- the safety arrangement 14 ′ may comprise a unidirectional valve 141 ′ mounted in the steam input tube 118 ′ for preventing water from exiting the heat exchanging tube 115 ′ and reaching the turbine 310 through the steam inlet 113 ′.
- the safety arrangement 14 ′ may further comprise an electromagnetic valve 142 ′ mounted on the steam inlet 113 ′, and a plurality of pressure sensors 143 ′ provided in the internal tube member 1152 ′ and the steam input tube 118 ′ respectively for measuring the pressure in the internal tube member 1152 ′ and the steam input tube 118 ′ respectively.
- the operation of the safety arrangement 14 ′ is the same as that mentioned in the preferred embodiment above.
- FIG. 10 of the drawings a second alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater 60 ′′ according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- the second alternative mode is similar to the injection feedwater heater 10 ′ described in the first alternative mode, except that the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′ of the injection feedwater heater 10 ′′ may have a curved portion 1157 ′′ formed adjacent to the guiding portion 1171 ′′ of the water discharging tube 117 ′′.
- the water discharging tube 117 ′′ may have a guiding portion 1171 ′′, a pressurizing portion 1172 ′′, and a buffering portion 1173 ′′ extended between the guiding portion 1171 ′′ and the pressurizing portion 1172 ′′.
- the guiding portion 1171 ′′ may extend from the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′ and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′ so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion.
- the guiding portion 1171 ′′ may also have an inclined guiding surface 1174 ′′ wherein the water coming from the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′ may be arranged to hit the inclined guiding surface 1174 ′′ and be guided to flow to the buffering portion 1173 ′′.
- the pressurizing portion 1172 ′′ may extend from the buffering portion 1173 ′′ and may have a diameter gradually increasing from the buffering portion 1173 ′′ so that the water passing through the pressurizing portion 1172 ′′ may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate.
- the injection feedwater heater 12 ′′ may further comprise a safety arrangement 14 ′′ provided on the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′ for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′ and reaching the turbine 310 through the steam inlet 113 ′′.
- the main heater body 11 ′′ may further comprise a steam input tube 118 ′′ extending from the external tube member 1151 ′′, wherein the steam inlet 113 ′′ may be formed in the steam input tube 118 ′′.
- the safety arrangement 14 ′′ may comprise a unidirectional valve 141 ′′ mounted in the steam input tube 118 ′′ for preventing water from exiting the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′ and reaching the turbine 310 through the steam inlet 113 ′′.
- the safety arrangement 14 ′′ may further comprise an electromagnetic valve 142 ′′ mounted on the steam inlet 113 ′′, and a plurality of pressure sensors 143 ′′ provided in the internal tube member 1152 ′′ and the steam input tube 118 ′′ respectively for measuring the pressure in the internal tube member 1152 ′′ and the steam input tube 118 ′′ respectively.
- the operation of the safety arrangement 14 ′′ is the same as that mentioned in the preferred embodiment and the first alternative mode above.
- the injection feedwater heater 10 ′′ may also comprise a water collection head 116 ′′ having a water collection chamber 1161 ′′.
- the water inlet 112 ′′ may be formed on the water collection head 116 ′′ and may communicate with the water collection chamber 1161 ′′.
- the water inlet 112 ′′ may be formed along a longitudinal axis of the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′ so as to substantially align therewith.
- the steam inlet 113 ′′ may be formed on the external tube member 1151 ′′ of the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′.
- a diameter of the internal tube member 1152 ′′ may be less than that of the external tube member 1151 ′′ so as to form a receiving gap 1153 ′′ between the external tube member 1151 ′′ and the internal tube member 1152 ′′.
- the heat exchange compartment 111 ′′ may be formed inside the internal tube member 1152 ′′.
- the internal tube member 1152 ′′ may have a plurality of holes 1154 ′′ formed thereon for communicating the receiving gap 1153 ′′ with the heat exchange compartment 111 ′′.
- the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′ may further have a water release port 1156 ′′ formed on the external tube member 1151 ′′ for allowing residual water to be discharged out of the receiving gap 1153 ′′.
- the injection nozzle 12 ′′ may be provided between the water collection head 116 ′′ and the heat exchanging tube 115 ′′.
- the injection nozzle 12 ′′ comprise a nozzle base 121 ′′ and have a plurality of injection holes 122 ′′ formed on the nozzle base 121 ′′.
- FIG. 11 of the drawings a third alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater 10 A according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- the third alternative mode is structurally identical to the injection feedwater heater 10 ′ described in the first alternative mode, except that the both ends 1155 A of the heat exchanging tube 115 A may not be inclined with respect to longitudinal axis thereof.
- the inclined guiding surface 1174 A may also be formed in the guiding portion 1171 A of the water discharging tube 117 A. Water passing through the guiding portion 1171 A may sequentially pass through the buffering portion 1173 A and the pressurizing portion 1172 A.
- the water release port 1156 A may be formed on the external tube member 1151 A for allowing residual water to be discharged out of the receiving gap 1153 A, which is formed between the external tube member 1151 A and the internal tube member 1152 A.
- the holes 1154 A may be formed on the internal tube member 1152 A.
- the injection nozzle 12 A may be provided between the water collection head 116 A and the heat exchanging tube 115 A.
- the injection nozzle 12 A may comprise a nozzle base 121 A and have a plurality of injection holes 122 A formed on the nozzle base 121 A.
- the water collection chamber 1161 A may communicate with the water inlet 112 A.
- the safety arrangement 14 A may comprise an electromagnetic valve 142 A mounted on the steam inlet 113 A, and a plurality of pressure sensors 143 A provided in the internal tube member 1152 A and the steam input tube 118 A respectively for measuring the pressure in the internal tube member 1152 A and the steam input tube 118 A respectively.
- the operation of the safety arrangement 14 A is the same as that mentioned in the preferred embodiment and the first alternative mode above.
- FIG. 12 of the drawings a fourth alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater 10 B according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- the fourth alternative mode is structurally identical to the injection feedwater heater 10 ′ described in the third alternative mode, except the water discharging tube 117 B.
- the water discharging tube 117 B may have a guiding portion 1171 B, a pressurizing portion 1172 B, and a buffering portion 1173 B extended between the guiding portion 1171 B and the pressurizing portion 1172 B.
- the guiding portion 1171 B may extend from the heat exchanging tube 115 B and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the heat exchanging tube 115 B.
- the guiding portion 1171 B may also have an inclined guiding surface 1174 B wherein the water coming from the heat exchanging tube 115 B may be arranged to hit the inclined guiding surface 1174 B and be guided to flow to the buffering portion 1173 B.
- the guiding portion 1171 B may extend from the internal tube member 1152 B along a longitudinal direction thereof, while the buffering portion 1173 B and the pressurizing portion 1172 B may extend from the guiding portion 1171 B along a transverse direction thereof.
- a longitudinal axis of the buffering portion 1173 B and the pressurizing portion 1172 B may form an approximately 90° of inclination with respect to a longitudinal axis of the guiding portion 1171 B. This configuration is graphically depicted in FIG. 12 of the drawings.
- the water release port 1156 B may be formed on the external tube member 1151 B for allowing residual water to be discharged out of the receiving gap 1153 B, which is formed between the external tube member 1151 B and the internal tube member 1152 B.
- the holes 1154 B may be formed on the internal tube member 1152 B.
- the injection nozzle 12 B may be provided between the water collection head 116 B and the heat exchanging tube 115 B.
- the injection nozzle 12 B may comprise a nozzle base 121 B and have a plurality of injection holes 122 B formed on the nozzle base 121 B.
- the water collection chamber 1161 B may communicate with the water inlet 112 B.
- the safety arrangement 14 B may comprise an electromagnetic valve 142 B mounted on the steam inlet 113 B, and a plurality of pressure sensors 143 B provided in the internal tube member 1152 B and the steam input tube 118 B respectively for measuring the pressure in the internal tube member 1152 B and the steam input tube 118 B respectively.
- the operation of the safety arrangement 14 B is the same as that mentioned in the preferred embodiment and the first alternative mode above.
- the feedwater preheat arrangement 1 C may comprise first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C connected in parallel by the connecting pipes 101 C, wherein the first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C may be connected to the turbine assembly 300 C (comprising at least one turbine 310 C) and the steam generator 102 C.
- Each of the first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C may be structurally identical, or may be a combination of the above-disclosed variation of the injection feedwater heater.
- the first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C may be structurally identical to those disclosed in the first preferred embodiment above.
- the first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C may be connected to the condenser 500 B and the turbine assembly 300 C through at least one of the connecting pipes 101 C.
- a total of four pumping devices 70 C may be utilized in the second preferred embodiment.
- the turbine assembly 300 C may be connected to an electric generator 400 C.
- the first injection feedwater heater 10 C may comprise a first main heater body 11 C and a first injection nozzle 12 C.
- the first main heater body 11 C may have a first heat exchange compartment 111 C, a first water inlet 112 C, a first steam inlet 113 C, and a first water outlet 114 C formed on the first main heater body 11 C.
- the first injection nozzle 12 C may be provided in the first main heater body 11 C at a position adjacent to the first water inlet 112 C, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from the condenser 500 C may be arranged to be pumped into the first main heater body 11 C through the first water inlet 112 C.
- the condensate water passing through the first water inlet 112 C may be arranged to be injected into the first heat exchange compartment 111 C through the first injection nozzle 12 C for creating a negative pressure in the first heat exchange compartment 111 C.
- the negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly 300 C to enter the first heat exchange compartment 111 C through the steam inlet 113 C for mixing with the condensate water.
- the condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the first heat exchange compartment 111 C through the first water outlet 114 C.
- the first main heater body 11 C may comprise a first heat exchanging tube 115 C and a first water collection head 116 C connected to the first heat exchanging tube 115 C, wherein the first water inlet 112 C may be formed on the first water collection head 116 C while the first heat exchange compartment 111 C may be formed in the first heat exchanging tube 115 C.
- the first main heater body 11 C may further comprise a first water discharging tube 117 C extended from the first heat exchanging tube 115 C, wherein the first water outlet 114 C may be formed on the first water discharging tube 117 C.
- Condensate water coming from the condenser 500 B may sequentially pass through the first water inlet 112 C, the first water collection head 116 C, the first heat exchanging tube 115 C, the first water discharging tube 117 C, and the first water outlet 114 C.
- the first water collection head 116 C may have a first water collection chamber 1161 C.
- the first water inlet 112 C may be formed on the first water collection head 116 C and may communicate with the first water collection chamber 1161 C.
- the first heat exchanging tube 115 C may comprise a first external tube member 1151 C and a first internal tube member 1152 C for forming a double wall structure of the first heat exchanging tube 115 C.
- the first steam inlet 113 C may be formed on the first external tube member 1151 C of the first heat exchanging tube 115 C.
- a diameter of the first internal tube member 1152 C may be less than that of the first external tube member 1151 C so as to form a first receiving gap 1153 C between the first external tube member 1151 C and the first internal tube member 1152 C.
- the first heat exchange compartment 111 C may be formed inside the first internal tube member 1152 C.
- the first internal tube member 1152 C may have a plurality of first holes 1154 C formed thereon for communicating the first receiving gap 1153 C with the first heat exchange compartment 111 C.
- steam from the turbine 310 C may enter the first heat exchanging tube 115 C through the first steam inlet 113 C.
- the first injection nozzle 12 C may be provided between the first water collection head 116 C and the first heat exchanging tube 115 C.
- the first injection nozzle 12 C comprise a first nozzle base 121 C and have a plurality of first injection holes 122 C formed on the first nozzle base 121 C, wherein the first injection holes 122 C may communicate the first water collection chamber 1161 C with the first heat exchange compartment 111 C so that water collected in the first water collection chamber 1161 C may be injected into the first heat exchange compartment 111 C through the first injection holes 122 C.
- the first water discharging tube 117 C may have a first guiding portion 1171 C, a first pressurizing portion 1172 C, and a first buffering portion 1173 C extended between the first guiding portion 1171 C and the first pressurizing portion 1172 C.
- the first guiding portion 1171 C may extend from the first heat exchanging tube 115 C and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the first heat exchanging tube 115 C so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion.
- the first pressurizing portion 1172 C may extend from the first buffering portion 1173 C and may have a diameter gradually increasing from the first buffering portion 1173 C so that the water passing through the first pressurizing portion 1172 C may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate.
- the first injection feedwater heater 12 C may further comprise a first safety arrangement 14 C provided on the first heat exchanging tube 115 C for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the first heat exchanging tube 115 C and reaching the turbine 310 B through the first steam inlet 113 C.
- a first safety arrangement 14 C provided on the first heat exchanging tube 115 C for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the first heat exchanging tube 115 C and reaching the turbine 310 B through the first steam inlet 113 C.
- the first main heater body 11 C may further comprise a first steam input tube 118 C extending from the first external tube member 1151 C, wherein the first steam inlet 113 C may be formed in the first steam input tube 118 C.
- the first safety arrangement 14 C may comprise a first unidirectional valve 141 C mounted in the first steam input tube 118 C for preventing water from exiting the first heat exchanging tube 115 C and reaching the turbine 310 B through the first steam inlet 113 C.
- the first safety arrangement 14 C may further comprise a first electromagnetic valve 142 C mounted on the first steam inlet 113 C, and a plurality of first pressure sensors 143 C provided in the first internal tube member 1152 C and the first steam input tube 118 C respectively for measuring the pressure in the first internal tube member 1152 C and the first steam input tube 118 C respectively.
- the first pressure sensors 143 C may be electrically connected to the first electromagnetic valve 142 C so that when the first pressure sensors 143 C detect that the pressure in the first steam input tube 118 C is lower than that of the first heat exchange compartment 111 C, the first electromagnetic valve 142 C may be arranged to turn off the corresponding pumping device 70 B for stopping condensate water from further feeding into the first injection feedwater heater 10 C.
- the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may comprise a second main heater body 21 C and a second injection nozzle 22 C.
- the second main heater body 21 C may have a second heat exchange compartment 211 C, a second water inlet 212 C, a second steam inlet 213 C, and a second water outlet 214 C formed on the second main heater body 21 C.
- the second injection nozzle 22 C may be provided in the second main heater body 21 C at a position adjacent to the second water inlet 212 C, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from the condenser 500 C may be arranged to be pumped into the second main heater body 21 C through the second water inlet 212 C.
- the second main heater body 21 C may comprise a second heat exchanging tube 215 C and a second water collection head 216 C connected to the second heat exchanging tube 215 C, wherein the second water inlet 212 C may be formed on the second water collection head 216 C while the second heat exchange compartment 211 C may be formed in the second heat exchanging tube 215 C.
- the second main heater body 21 C may further comprise a second water discharging tube 217 C extended from the second heat exchanging tube 215 C, wherein the second water outlet 214 C may be formed on the second water discharging tube 217 C.
- Condensate water coming from the condenser 500 C may sequentially pass through the second water inlet 212 C, the second water collection head 216 C, the second heat exchanging tube 215 C, the second water discharging tube 217 C, and the second water outlet 214 C.
- the second water collection head 216 C may have a second water collection chamber 2161 C.
- the second water inlet 212 C may be formed on the second water collection head 216 C and may communicate with the second water collection chamber 2161 C.
- the second heat exchanging tube 215 C may comprise a second external tube member 2151 C and a second internal tube member 2152 C for forming a double wall structure of the second heat exchanging tube 215 C.
- the second steam inlet 213 C may be formed on the second external tube member 2151 C of the second heat exchanging tube 215 C.
- a diameter of the second internal tube member 2152 C may be less than that of the second external tube member 2151 C so as to form a second receiving gap 2153 C between the second external tube member 2151 C and the second internal tube member 2152 C.
- the second heat exchange compartment 211 C may be formed inside the second internal tube member 2152 C.
- the second internal tube member 2152 C may have a plurality of second holes 2154 C formed thereon for communicating the second receiving gap 2153 C with the second heat exchange compartment 211 C.
- steam from the turbine 310 C may enter the second heat exchanging tube 215 C through the second steam inlet 213 C.
- the second injection nozzle 22 C may be provided between the second water collection head 216 C and the second heat exchanging tube 215 C.
- the second injection nozzle 22 C comprise a second nozzle base 221 C and have a plurality of second injection holes 222 C formed on the second nozzle base 221 C, wherein the second injection holes 222 C may communicate the second water collection chamber 2161 C with the second heat exchange compartment 211 C so that water collected in the second water collection chamber 2161 C may be injected into the second heat exchange compartment 211 C through the second injection holes 222 C.
- the second water discharging tube 217 C may have a second guiding portion 2171 C, a second pressurizing portion 2172 C, and a second buffering portion 2173 C extended between the second guiding portion 2171 C and the second pressurizing portion 2172 C.
- the second guiding portion 2171 C may extend from the second heat exchanging tube 215 C and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the second heat exchanging tube 215 C so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion.
- the second pressurizing portion 2172 C may extend from the second buffering portion 2173 C and may have a diameter gradually increasing from the second buffering portion 2173 C so that the water passing through the second pressurizing portion 2172 C may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate.
- the second injection feedwater heater 22 C may further comprise a second safety arrangement 24 C provided on the second heat exchanging tube 215 C for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the second heat exchanging tube 215 C and reaching the turbine 310 C through the second steam inlet 213 C.
- fluid such as condensate water
- the second main heater body 21 C may further comprise a second steam input tube 218 C extending from the second external tube member 2151 C, wherein the second steam inlet 213 C may be formed in the second steam input tube 218 C.
- the second safety arrangement 24 C may comprise a second unidirectional valve 241 C mounted in the second steam input tube 218 C for preventing water from exiting the second heat exchanging tube 215 C and reaching the turbine 310 C through the second steam inlet 213 C.
- the second safety arrangement 24 C may further comprise a second electromagnetic valve 242 C mounted on the second steam inlet 213 C, and a plurality of second pressure sensors 243 C provided in the second internal tube member 2152 C and the second steam input tube 218 C respectively for measuring the pressure in the second internal tube member 2152 C and the second steam input tube 218 C respectively.
- the second pressure sensors 243 C may be electrically connected to the second electromagnetic valve 242 C so that when the second pressure sensors 243 C detect that the pressure in the second steam input tube 218 C is lower than that of the second heat exchange compartment 211 C, the second electromagnetic valve 242 C may be arranged to turn off the corresponding pumping device 70 C.
- the third injection feedwater heater 30 C may comprise a third main heater body 31 C and a third injection nozzle 32 C.
- the third main heater body 31 C may have a third heat exchange compartment 311 C, a third water inlet 312 C, a third steam inlet 313 C, and a third water outlet 314 C formed on the third main heater body 31 C.
- the third injection nozzle 32 C may be provided in the third main heater body 31 C at a position adjacent to the third water inlet 312 C, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from the condenser 500 C may be arranged to be pumped into the third main heater body 31 C through the third water inlet 312 C.
- the condensate water passing through the third water inlet 312 C may be arranged to be injected into the third heat exchange compartment 311 C through the third injection nozzle 32 C for creating a negative pressure in the third heat exchange compartment 311 B.
- the negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly 300 C to enter the third heat exchange compartment 311 C through the steam inlet 313 C for mixing with the condensate water.
- the condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the third heat exchange compartment 311 C through the third water outlet 314 C.
- the third main heater body 31 C may comprise a third heat exchanging tube 315 C and a third water collection head 316 C connected to the third heat exchanging tube 315 B, wherein the third water inlet 312 C may be formed on the third water collection head 316 C while the third heat exchange compartment 311 C may be formed in the third heat exchanging tube 315 B.
- the third main heater body 31 C may further comprise a third water discharging tube 317 C extended from the third heat exchanging tube 315 C, wherein the third water outlet 314 C may be formed on the third water discharging tube 317 C.
- the third water collection head 316 C may have a third water collection chamber 3161 C.
- the third water inlet 312 C may be formed on the third water collection head 316 C and may communicate with the third water collection chamber 3161 C.
- the third heat exchanging tube 315 C may comprise a third external tube member 3151 C and a third internal tube member 3152 C for forming a double wall structure of the third heat exchanging tube 315 C.
- the third steam inlet 313 C may be formed on the third external tube member 3151 C of the third heat exchanging tube 315 C.
- a third receiving gap 3153 C may be formed between the third external tube member 3151 C and the third internal tube member 3152 C.
- the third heat exchange compartment 311 C may be formed inside the third internal tube member 3152 C.
- the third internal tube member 3152 C may have a plurality of third holes 3154 C formed thereon for communicating the third receiving gap 3153 C with the third heat exchange compartment 311 C.
- steam from the turbine 310 C may enter the third heat exchanging tube 315 C through the third steam inlet 313 C.
- the third injection nozzle 32 C may be provided between the third water collection head 316 C and the third heat exchanging tube 315 C.
- the third injection nozzle 32 C comprise a third nozzle base 321 C and have a plurality of third injection holes 322 C formed on the third nozzle base 321 C.
- the third water discharging tube 317 C may have a third guiding portion 3171 C, a third pressurizing portion 3172 C, and a third buffering portion 3173 C extended between the third guiding portion 3171 C and the third pressurizing portion 3172 C.
- the third guiding portion 3171 C may extend from the third heat exchanging tube 315 C and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the third heat exchanging tube 315 C so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion.
- the third pressurizing portion 3172 C may extend from the third buffering portion 3173 C and may have a diameter gradually increasing from the third buffering portion 3173 C so that the water passing through the third pressurizing portion 3172 C may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate.
- the third injection feedwater heater 32 C may further comprise a third safety arrangement 34 C provided on the third heat exchanging tube 315 C for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the third heat exchanging tube 315 C and reaching the turbine 310 C through the third steam inlet 313 C.
- fluid such as condensate water
- the third main heater body 31 C may further comprise a third steam input tube 318 C extending from the third external tube member 3151 C, wherein the third steam inlet 313 C is formed in the third steam input tube 318 B.
- the third safety arrangement 34 C may comprise a third unidirectional valve 341 C mounted in the third steam input tube 318 C for preventing water from exiting the third heat exchanging tube 315 C and reaching the turbine 310 C through the third steam inlet 313 C.
- the third safety arrangement 34 C may further comprise a third electromagnetic valve 342 C mounted on the third steam inlet 313 C, and a plurality of third pressure sensors 343 C provided in the third internal tube member 3152 C and the third steam input tube 318 C respectively for measuring the pressure in the third internal tube member 3152 C and the third steam input tube 318 C respectively.
- the third pressure sensors 343 C may be electrically connected to the third electromagnetic valve 342 C so that when the third pressure sensors 343 C detect that the pressure in the third steam input tube 318 C is lower than that of the third heat exchange compartment 311 C, the third electromagnetic valve 342 C may be arranged to turn off the corresponding pumping device 70 C for stopping condensate water from further feeding into the third injection feedwater heater 30 C.
- the first through third injection feedwater heaters 10 C, 20 C, 30 C are connected in parallel so that condensate water from the condenser 500 C may be guided to flow into the first through third injection feedwater heaters 10 C, 20 C, 30 C simultaneously while at the same time, the steam from the turbine assembly 300 C may also be fed into the first through third injection feedwater heaters 10 C, 20 C, 30 C through the first through third steam inlets 113 C, 213 C, 313 C.
- Each of the first water outlet 114 C, second water outlet 214 C and the third water outlet 314 C may be connected to a pumping device 70 C.
- the water from the first through third water outlet 114 C, 214 C, 314 C may be collected and guided to flow back to the steam generator 102 C.
- the first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C may be structurally identical, or may take the form of any of the variations or alternatives described above.
- the first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C may be placed vertically, horizontally, or a combination thereof.
- FIG. 14 of the drawings a steam power generating system according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- the third preferred embodiment is similar to the second preferred embodiment described above, except the configuration various components of the feedwater preheat arrangement 1 D.
- the steam power generating system may also comprise a steam generator 102 D, a turbine assembly 300 D comprising at least one turbine 310 D, an electric generator 400 D electrically connected to the turbine assembly 300 D, a condenser 500 D connected to the turbine assembly 300 D, and the feedwater preheat arrangement 1 D.
- the feedwater preheat arrangement 1 D may comprise first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C.
- Two pumping devices 70 D may be used in the third preferred embodiment.
- the various components may also be connected by a plurality of connecting pipes 101 D. These components are structurally identical to those described in the first and the second preferred embodiment above.
- the steam generator 102 D may be connected to the turbine assembly 300 D so that superheated steam may be used to turn at least one turbine 310 D.
- the mechanical energy may be converted into electrical energy through the electric generator 400 D.
- the turbine assembly 300 D may be connected to the condenser 500 D for condensing the steam coming from the turbine assembly 300 D.
- the turbine assembly 300 D may also be connected to each of the first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C so that steam may be arranged to enter the respective heat exchange compartment 111 C ( 211 C) ( 311 C).
- the condenser 500 D may be connected to a pumping device 70 D which may then be connected to the first injection feedwater heater 10 C.
- the steam power generating system may further comprise a deaerator 100 D connected to the first injection feedwater heater 10 C so that the condensate water coming out from the first injection feedwater heater 10 C may be arranged to enter the deaerator 100 D.
- the deaerator 100 D may be utilized to remove a certain amount of oxygen from the condensate water coming out from the first injection feedwater heater 10 C.
- the deaerator 100 D may also be connected to the turbine assembly 300 D so that steam may also be arranged to enter the deaerator 100 D.
- the deaerator 100 D may be connected to another pumping device 70 D which may be connected to the second injection feedwater heater 20 C.
- the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may be connected to the third injection feedwater heater 30 C in series.
- the third injection feedwater heater 30 C may be connected to the steam generator 102 D.
- the water from the deaerator 100 D may be guided to flow into the second injection feedwater heater 20 C for further heating.
- the water coming out from the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may be guided to flow into the third injection feedwater heater 30 C for further heating.
- the water coming out from the third injection feedwater heater 30 C may be guided to flow back to the steam generator 102 D for being converted back to superheated steam to perform another cycle of electricity generation.
- each of the first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C may be configured to have an identical structure as that described in the second preferred embodiment or the various alternative modes above, or a combination thereof.
- a steam power generating system according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- the fourth preferred embodiment is similar to the third preferred embodiment described above, except the configuration various components of the steam power generating system.
- the feedwater preheat arrangement 1 E may further comprise a fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D.
- the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D may have identical structure as that of the first through third injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C described above.
- the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D may comprise a fourth main heater body 41 D and a fourth injection nozzle 42 D.
- the fourth main heater body 41 D may have a fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D, a fourth water inlet 412 C, a fourth steam inlet 413 D, and a fourth water outlet 414 D formed on the fourth main heater body 41 D.
- the fourth injection nozzle 42 D may be provided in the fourth main heater body 41 D at a position adjacent to the fourth water inlet 412 D, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from the condenser 500 E may be arranged to be pumped into the fourth main heater body 41 D through the fourth water inlet 412 D.
- the condensate water passing through the fourth water inlet 412 D may be arranged to be injected into the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D through the fourth injection nozzle 42 D for creating a negative pressure in the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D.
- the negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly 300 E (comprising at least one turbine 310 E) to enter the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D through the steam inlet 413 D for mixing with the condensate water.
- the condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D through the fourth water outlet 414 D.
- the fourth main heater body 41 D may comprise a fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D and a fourth water collection head 416 D connected to the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D, wherein the fourth water inlet 412 D may be formed on the fourth water collection head 416 D while the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D may be formed in the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D.
- the fourth main heater body 11 C may further comprise a fourth water discharging tube 417 D extended from the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D, wherein the fourth water outlet 414 D may be formed on the fourth water discharging tube 417 D.
- the fourth water discharging tube 417 D may have a fourth guiding portion 4171 D, a fourth pressurizing portion 4172 D, and a fourth buffering portion 4173 D extended between the fourth guiding portion 4171 D and the fourth pressurizing portion 4172 D.
- the fourth guiding portion 4171 D may extend from the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion.
- the fourth pressurizing portion 4172 D may extend from the fourth buffering portion 4173 D and may have a diameter gradually increasing from the fourth buffering portion 4173 D so that the water passing through the fourth pressurizing portion 4172 D may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate.
- the fourth water collection head 416 D may have a fourth water collection chamber 4161 D.
- the fourth water inlet 412 D may be formed on the fourth water collection head 416 D and may communicate with the fourth water collection chamber 4161 D.
- the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D may comprise a fourth external tube member 4151 D and a fourth internal tube member 4152 D for forming a double wall structure of the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D.
- the fourth steam inlet 413 D may be formed on the fourth external tube member 4151 D of the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D.
- a fourth receiving gap 4153 D may be formed between the fourth external tube member 4151 D and the fourth internal tube member 4152 D.
- the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D may be formed inside the fourth internal tube member 4152 D.
- the fourth internal tube member 4152 D may have a plurality of fourth holes 4154 D formed thereon for communicating the fourth receiving gap 4153 D with the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D.
- the fourth injection nozzle 42 D may be provided between the fourth water collection head 416 D and the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D.
- the fourth injection nozzle 42 D comprise a fourth nozzle base 421 D and have a plurality of fourth injection holes 422 D formed on the fourth nozzle base 421 D, wherein the fourth injection holes 422 D may communicate the fourth water collection chamber 4161 D with the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D so that water collected in the fourth water collection chamber 4161 D may be injected into the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D through the fourth injection holes 422 D.
- the fourth injection feedwater heater 42 D may further comprise a fourth safety arrangement 44 D provided on the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D and reaching the turbine 310 E through the fourth steam inlet 413 D.
- fluid such as condensate water
- the fourth main heater body 41 D may further comprise a fourth steam input tube 418 D extending from the fourth external tube member 4151 D, wherein the fourth steam inlet 413 D is formed in the fourth steam input tube 418 D.
- the fourth safety arrangement 44 D may comprise a fourth unidirectional valve 441 D mounted in the fourth steam input tube 418 D for preventing water from exiting the fourth heat exchanging tube 415 D and reaching the turbine 310 E through the fourth steam inlet 413 D.
- the fourth safety arrangement 44 D may further comprise a fourth electromagnetic valve 442 D mounted on the fourth steam inlet 413 D, and a plurality of fourth pressure sensors 443 D provided in the fourth internal tube member 4152 D and the fourth steam input tube 418 D respectively for measuring the pressure in the fourth internal tube member 4152 D and the fourth steam input tube 418 D respectively.
- the fourth pressure sensors 443 D may be electrically connected to the fourth electromagnetic valve 442 D so that when the fourth pressure sensors 443 D detect that the pressure in the fourth steam input tube 418 D is lower than that of the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D, the fourth electromagnetic valve 442 D may be arranged to turn off the corresponding pumping device 70 E.
- first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may be connected in parallel with each other, while the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D may be connected in parallel with each other.
- superheated steam may be generated in the steam generator 102 E.
- the superheated steam may be guided to flow into the turbine assembly 300 E comprising at least one turbine 310 E.
- the turbine assembly 300 E may also be connected to an electric generator 400 E and a condenser 500 E.
- the steam from the turbine assembly 300 E may be guided to flow through the condenser 500 E which may condense the steam into condensate water.
- the condenser 500 E may be connected to a pumping device 70 E and the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C.
- first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may be connected in parallel with respect to each other, while the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may be connected in series with the condenser 500 E and the pumping device 70 E. This configuration is graphically depicted in FIG. 15 of the drawings.
- the condensate water from the condenser 500 E may be pumped to the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C at the same time through the first water inlet 112 C and the second water inlet 212 C respectively.
- Steam from the turbine assembly 300 E may be fed into the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C through the first steam inlet 113 C and the second steam inlet 213 C respectively to perform heat exchange with the condensate water.
- the condensate water may exit the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C through the first water outlet 114 C and the second water outlet 214 C.
- the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may also be connected to the deaerator 100 E which may also be connected to the turbine assembly 300 E.
- the deaerator 100 E may further be connected to the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D.
- the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D may be connected in parallel with respect to each other. But the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D together may be connected to the deaerator 100 E and the corresponding pumping device 70 E in series. This configuration may be graphically depicted in FIG. 15 of the drawings.
- the water from the deaerator 100 E may be guided to flow into the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D through the third water inlet 312 C and the fourth water inlet 412 D.
- the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D may also be connected to the turbine assembly 300 E so that steam may flow into the third heat exchange compartment 311 C and the fourth heat exchange compartment 411 D through the third steam inlet 313 C and the fourth steam inlet 413 D respectively.
- the water may then go out of the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D through the third water outlet 314 C and the fourth water outlet 414 D and may be guided to flow back to the steam generator 102 E for performing another cycle of power generator.
- the condensate water may undergo two stages of pre-heating process, one of which in the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C, while the other in the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D.
- a steam power generating system according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
- the fifth preferred embodiment is similar to the fourth preferred embodiment described above, except the configuration of the various components of the steam power generating system.
- the feedwater preheat arrangement 1 F may further comprise a fifth injection feedwater heater 50 E and a sixth injection feedwater heater 60 E.
- the fifth injection feedwater heater 50 E and the sixth injection feedwater heater 60 E may have identical structure as that of the first through fourth injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C, 40 D described above.
- the fifth injection feedwater heater 50 E may comprise a fifth main heater body 51 E and a fifth injection nozzle 52 E.
- the fifth main heater body 51 E may have a fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E, a fifth water inlet 512 E, a fifth steam inlet 513 E, and a fifth water outlet 514 E formed on the fifth main heater body 51 E.
- the fifth injection nozzle 52 E may be provided in the fifth main heater body 51 E at a position adjacent to the fifth water inlet 512 E, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from the condenser 500 F may be arranged to be pumped into the fifth main heater body 51 E through the fifth water inlet 512 E.
- the condensate water passing through the fifth water inlet 512 E may be arranged to be injected into the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E through the fifth injection nozzle 52 E for creating a negative pressure in the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E.
- the negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly 300 F to enter the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E through the steam inlet 513 E for mixing with the condensate water.
- the condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E through the fifth water outlet 514 E.
- the fifth main heater body 51 E may comprise a fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E and a fifth water collection head 516 E connected to the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E, wherein the fifth water inlet 512 E may be formed on the fifth water collection head 516 E while the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E may be formed in the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E.
- the fifth main heater body 51 E may further comprise a fifth water discharging tube 517 E extended from the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E, wherein the fifth water outlet 514 E may be formed on the fifth water discharging tube 517 E.
- Condensate water coming from the condenser 500 F may sequentially pass through the fifth water inlet 512 E, the fifth water collection head 516 E, the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E, the fifth water discharging tube 517 E, and the fifth water outlet 514 E.
- the fifth water collection head 516 E may have a fifth water collection chamber 5161 E.
- the fifth water inlet 512 E may be formed on the fifth water collection head 516 E and may communicate with the fifth water collection chamber 5161 E.
- the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E may comprise a fifth external tube member 5151 E and a fifth internal tube member 5152 E for forming a double wall structure of the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E.
- the fifth steam inlet 513 E may be formed on the fifth external tube member 5151 E of the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E.
- a fifth receiving gap 5153 E may be formed between the fifth external tube member 5151 E and the fifth internal tube member 5152 E.
- the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E may be formed inside the fifth internal tube member 5152 E.
- the fifth internal tube member 5152 E may have a plurality of fifth holes 5154 E formed thereon for communicating the fifth receiving gap 5153 E with the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E.
- steam from the turbine 310 F may enter the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E through the fifth steam inlet 513 E.
- the fifth injection nozzle 52 E may be provided between the fifth water collection head 516 E and the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E.
- the fifth injection nozzle 52 E comprise a fifth nozzle base 521 E and have a plurality of fifth injection holes 522 E formed on the fifth nozzle base 521 E, wherein the fifth injection holes 522 E may communicate the fifth water collection chamber 5161 E with the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E so that water collected in the fifth water collection chamber 5161 E may be injected into the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E through the fifth injection holes 522 E.
- the fifth water discharging tube 517 E may have a fifth guiding portion 5171 E, a fifth pressurizing portion 5172 E, and a fifth buffering portion 5173 E extended between the fifth guiding portion 5171 E and the fifth pressurizing portion 5172 E.
- the fifth guiding portion 5171 E may extend from the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the fifth guiding portion 5171 E.
- the fifth pressurizing portion 5172 E may extend from the fifth buffering portion 5173 E and may have a diameter gradually increasing from the fifth buffering portion 5173 E so that the water passing through the fifth pressurizing portion 5172 E may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate.
- the fifth injection feedwater heater 52 E may further comprise a fifth safety arrangement 54 E provided on the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E and reaching the turbine 310 E through the fifth steam inlet 513 E.
- a fifth safety arrangement 54 E provided on the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E and reaching the turbine 310 E through the fifth steam inlet 513 E.
- the fifth main heater body 51 E may further comprise a fifth steam input tube 518 E extending from the fifth external tube member 5151 E, wherein the fifth steam inlet 513 E is formed in the fifth steam input tube 518 E.
- the fifth safety arrangement 54 E may comprise a fifth unidirectional valve 541 E mounted in the fifth steam input tube 518 E for preventing water from exiting the fifth heat exchanging tube 515 E and reaching the turbine 310 F through the fifth steam inlet 513 E.
- the fifth safety arrangement 54 E may further comprise a fifth electromagnetic valve 542 E mounted on the fifth steam inlet 513 E, and a plurality of fifth pressure sensors 543 E provided in the fifth internal tube member 5152 E and the fifth steam input tube 518 E respectively for measuring the pressure in the fifth internal tube member 5152 E and the fifth steam input tube 518 E respectively.
- the fifth pressure sensors 543 E may be electrically connected to the fifth electromagnetic valve 542 E so that when the fifth pressure sensors 543 E detect that the pressure in the fifth steam input tube 518 E is lower than that of the fifth heat exchange compartment 511 E, the fifth electromagnetic valve 542 E may be arranged to turn off the corresponding pumping device 70 F for stopping condensate water from further feeding into the fifth injection feedwater heater 50 E.
- the sixth injection feedwater heater 60 E may comprise a sixth main heater body 61 E and a sixth injection nozzle 62 E.
- the sixth main heater body 61 E may have a sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E, a sixth water inlet 612 E, a sixth steam inlet 613 E, and a sixth water outlet 614 E formed on the sixth main heater body 61 E.
- the sixth injection nozzle 62 E may be provided in the sixth main heater body 61 E at a position adjacent to the sixth water inlet 612 E, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from the condenser 500 F may be arranged to be pumped into the sixth main heater body 61 E through the sixth water inlet 612 E.
- the condensate water passing through the sixth water inlet 612 E may be arranged to be injected into the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E through the sixth injection nozzle 62 E for creating a negative pressure in the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E.
- the negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly 300 F to enter the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E through the steam inlet 613 E for mixing with the condensate water.
- the condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E through the sixth water outlet 614 E.
- the sixth main heater body 61 E may comprise a sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E and a sixth water collection head 616 E connected to the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E, wherein the sixth water inlet 612 E may be formed on the sixth water collection head 616 E while the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E may be formed in the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E.
- the sixth main heater body 61 E may further comprise a sixth water discharging tube 617 E extended from the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E, wherein the sixth water outlet 614 E may be formed on the sixth water discharging tube 617 E.
- Condensate water coming from the condenser 500 F may sequentially pass through the sixth water inlet 612 E, the sixth water collection head 616 E, the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E, the sixth water discharging tube 617 E, and the sixth water outlet 614 E.
- the sixth water collection head 616 E may have a sixth water collection chamber 6161 E.
- the sixth water inlet 612 E may be formed on the sixth water collection head 616 E and may communicate with the sixth water collection chamber 6161 E.
- the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E may comprise a sixth external tube member 6151 E and a sixth internal tube member 6152 E for forming a double wall structure of the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E.
- the sixth steam inlet 613 E may be formed on the sixth external tube member 6151 E of the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E.
- a sixth receiving gap 6153 E may be formed between the sixth external tube member 6151 E and the sixth internal tube member 6152 E.
- the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E may be formed inside the sixth internal tube member 6152 E.
- the sixth internal tube member 6152 D may have a plurality of sixth holes 6154 E formed thereon for communicating the sixth receiving gap 6153 E with the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E.
- steam from the turbine 310 F may enter the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E through the sixth steam inlet 613 E.
- the sixth injection nozzle 62 E may be provided between the sixth water collection head 616 E and the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E.
- the sixth injection nozzle 62 E comprise a sixth nozzle base 621 E and have a plurality of sixth injection holes 622 E formed on the sixth nozzle base 621 E, wherein the sixth injection holes 622 E may communicate the sixth water collection chamber 6161 E with the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E so that water collected in the sixth water collection chamber 6161 E may be injected into the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E through the sixth injection holes 622 E.
- the sixth water discharging tube 617 E may have a sixth guiding portion 6171 E, a sixth pressurizing portion 6172 E, and a sixth buffering portion 6173 E extended between the sixth guiding portion 6171 E and the sixth pressurizing portion 6172 E.
- the sixth guiding portion 6171 E may extend from the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the sixth guiding portion 6171 E.
- the sixth pressurizing portion 6172 E may extend from the sixth buffering portion 6173 E and may have a diameter gradually increasing from the sixth buffering portion 6173 E so that the water passing through the sixth pressurizing portion 6172 E may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate.
- the sixth injection feedwater heater 62 E may further comprise a sixth safety arrangement 64 E provided on the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E and reaching the turbine 310 F through the sixth steam inlet 613 E.
- a sixth safety arrangement 64 E provided on the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E and reaching the turbine 310 F through the sixth steam inlet 613 E.
- the sixth main heater body 61 E may further comprise a sixth steam input tube 618 E extending from the sixth external tube member 6151 E, wherein the sixth steam inlet 613 E is formed in the sixth steam input tube 618 E.
- the sixth safety arrangement 64 E may comprise a sixth unidirectional valve 641 E mounted in the sixth steam input tube 618 E for preventing water from exiting the sixth heat exchanging tube 615 E and reaching the turbine 310 F through the sixth steam inlet 613 E.
- the sixth safety arrangement 64 E may further comprise a sixth electromagnetic valve 642 E mounted on the sixth steam inlet 613 E, and a plurality of sixth pressure sensors 643 E provided in the sixth internal tube member 6152 E and the sixth steam input tube 618 E respectively for measuring the pressure in the sixth internal tube member 6152 E and the sixth steam input tube 618 E respectively.
- the sixth pressure sensors 643 E may be electrically connected to the sixth electromagnetic valve 642 E so that when the sixth pressure sensors 643 E detect that the pressure in the sixth steam input tube 618 E is lower than that of the sixth heat exchange compartment 611 E, the sixth electromagnetic valve 642 E may be arranged to turn off the corresponding pumping device 70 F for stopping condensate water from further feeding into the sixth injection feedwater heater 60 E.
- the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may be connected in parallel with each other.
- the steam power generating system may comprise two deaerators 100 F and three pumping devices 70 F.
- the first injection feedwater heater 10 C may connect to one of the deaerators 100 F which may then connect to one of the pumping devices 70 F and the third injection feedwater heater 30 C in series.
- the third injection feedwater heater 30 C may be connected to the fifth injection feedwater heater 50 E in series.
- the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may connect to another of the deaerators 100 F which may then connect to another of the pumping devices 70 F and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D in series.
- the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D may be connected to the sixth injection feedwater heater 60 E in series.
- Each of the first through sixth injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, 30 C, 40 D, 50 E, 60 E may be structurally identical and may be connected to the turbine assembly 300 F.
- Superheated steam may be generated in the steam generator 102 F.
- the superheated steam may be guided to flow into the turbine assembly 300 F comprising at least one turbine 310 F.
- the turbine assembly 300 F may also be connected to an electric generator 400 F and a condenser 500 F.
- the steam from the turbine assembly 300 F may be guided to flow through the condenser 500 F which may condense the steam into condensate water.
- the condenser 500 F may be connected to a pumping device 70 F and the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C.
- first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may be connected in parallel with respect to each other, while the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may be connected in series with the condenser 500 F and the pumping device 70 F. This configuration is graphically depicted in FIG. 17 of the drawings.
- the condensate water from the condenser 500 F may be pumped to the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C at the same time through the first water inlet 112 C and the second water inlet 212 C respectively.
- Steam from the turbine assembly 300 F may be fed into the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C through the first steam inlet 113 C and the second steam inlet 213 C respectively to perform heat exchange with the condensate water.
- the condensate water may exit the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C through the first water outlet 114 C and the second water outlet 214 C.
- the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may also be connected to two deaerator 100 F respectively.
- Each of the deaerator 100 F may be connected to the turbine assembly 300 F for acquiring steam from at least one of the turbine 310 F.
- the water coming out from the first injection feedwater heater 10 C and the second injection feedwater heater 20 C may enter the two deaerator 100 F respectively.
- water from the two deaerator 100 F may be guided to flow into the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D respectively through two pumping devices 70 F for further absorbing heat.
- the water may then flow out of the third injection feedwater heater 30 C and the fourth injection feedwater heater 40 D and may be guided to flow into the fifth injection feedwater heater 50 E and the sixth injection feedwater heater 60 E respectively.
- the water in the fifth injection feedwater heater 50 E and the sixth injection feedwater heater 60 E may further absorb heat from the steam of the turbine 310 F.
- the condensate water from the fifth injection feedwater heater 50 E and the sixth injection feedwater heater 60 E may exit through the fifth water outlet and the sixth water outlet 514 E, 614 E and go back to the steam generator 102 F.
- condensate water from the condenser 500 F may undergo three stages of pre-heating before going back to the steam generator 102 F.
- the three stages of pre-heating may be accomplished by the first and the second injection feedwater heater 10 C, 20 C, the third and the fourth injection feedwater heater 30 C, 40 D, and finally the fifth and the sixth injection feedwater heater 50 E, 60 E.
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a power generating system, and more particularly to a steam power generating system for a steam power plant, wherein the steam power generating system comprises at least one injection feedwater heater which has enhanced heat exchange efficiency between steam and condensate water.
- A conventional power plant, such as a steam power plant, usually comprises a boiler, a turbine assembly including at least one turbine unit, a generator, a condenser and a feedwater heater. The boiler is arranged to generate steam which is then guided to produce work in the turbine assembly. The steam may spin or rotate the turbine unit which is connected to the generator. When the turbine unit is rotated, the generator is arranged to produce electricity. Heat energy is then converted into mechanical energy which is then further converted into electrical energy.
- Conventionally, the steam used to turn the turbine unit is guided to enter into a condenser in which the steam is arranged to be cooled down and condensed into water. The condensate water may then be guided to enter a feedwater heater. The feedwater heater is arranged to raise the temperature of the water by utilizing extraction steam from various stages of the turbine assembly.
- Two conventional types of feedwater heaters have been used. Feedwater heaters may be open heat exchangers in which extracted steam may be allowed to mix with condensate water. On the other hand, feedwater heaters may also be closed in which condensate water and steam perform heat exchange through a plurality of heat exchanging tubes. As a matter of conventional practices, most feedwater heaters employed in steam power plants are closed feedwater heaters.
- A major disadvantage of closed feedwater heaters is that they have relatively low heat exchange efficiency and complicated installation and manufacturing procedures. Since heat exchange between condensate water and steam are through heat exchanging tubes, a typical closed feedwater heater may comprise many heat exchanges tubes which may be arranged in manifold for maximizing the surface area through which heat exchange process may take place. The manufacturing and installation of this type of feedwater heaters are very complicated and expensive in costs.
- As a result, there is a need to develop a new type of feedwater heater which is suitable to be utilized in a steam power plant or other situations.
- Certain variations of the present invention provide a steam power generating system comprising an injection feedwater heater with enhanced heat exchange efficiency between steam and condensate water.
- Certain variations of the present invention provide an injection feedwater heater for use in a steam power generating system, wherein steam and condensate water may be evenly and effectively mixed for preheating condensate water before it is circulated back to a steam generator.
- In one aspect of the present invention, it provides a steam power generating system, comprising:
- a plurality of connecting pipes;
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam;
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- an electric generator connected to the turbine assembly, the work produced in the turbine assembly being converted to a predetermined amount of electricity;
- a condenser connected to the turbine assembly through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam from the turbine assembly being condensed into condensate water in the condenser; and
- a feedwater preheat arrangement comprising at least one injection feedwater heater which is connected to the condenser and the turbine assembly through at least one of the connecting pipes, and comprises:
- a main heater body having a heat exchange compartment, a water inlet, a steam inlet, and a water outlet formed on the main heater body; and
- an injection nozzle provided in the main heater body at a position adjacent to the water inlet, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from the condenser is arranged to be pumped into the main heater body through the water inlet, the condensate water passing through the water inlet being arranged to be injected into the heat exchange compartment through the injection nozzle for creating a negative pressure in the heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the heat exchange compartment through the steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the heat exchange compartment through the water outlet.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a steam power generating system, comprising:
- a plurality of connecting pipes;
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam;
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- an electric generator connected to the turbine assembly, the work produced in the turbine assembly being converted to a predetermined amount of electricity;
- a condenser connected to the turbine assembly through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam from the turbine assembly being condensed into condensate water in the condenser; and
- a feedwater preheat arrangement provided between the condenser and the steam generator, the feedwater preheat arrangement comprising:
- a first injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a first main heater body having a first heat exchange compartment, a first water inlet connected to the condenser, a first steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a first water outlet formed on the first main heater body and connected to the steam generator; and
- a first injection nozzle provided in the first main heater body at a position adjacent to the first water inlet;
- a second injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a second main heater body having a second heat exchange compartment, a second water inlet connected to the condenser and the first water inlet, a second steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a second water outlet formed on the second main heater body and connected to the steam generator and the first water outlet in parallel; and
- a second injection nozzle provided in the second main heater body at a position adjacent to the second water inlet; and
- a third injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a third main heater body having a third heat exchange compartment, a third water inlet connected to the condenser and the first water inlet and the second water inlet, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body and connected to the steam generator and the first water outlet and the second water outlet all in parallel; and
- a third injection nozzle provided in the third main heater body at a position adjacent to the third water inlet;
- the first through third injection feedwater heater being connected in parallel with each other, wherein a predetermined amount of condensate water from the condenser is arranged to be pumped into the first through third main heater body via the first through third water inlet respectively, the condensate water passing through the first through third water inlet being arranged to be injected into the first through third heat exchange compartment via the first through the third injection nozzle respectively for creating a negative pressure in the first heat exchange compartment, the second heat exchange compartment and the third heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the first through third heat exchange compartment via the first through the third steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the corresponding first through the third heat exchange compartment via the first through third water outlet.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a steam power generating system, comprising
- a plurality of connecting pipes;
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam;
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- an electric generator connected to the turbine assembly, the work produced in the turbine assembly being converted to a predetermined amount of electricity;
- a condenser connected to the turbine assembly through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam from the turbine assembly being condensed into condensate water in the condenser; and
- a feedwater preheat arrangement provided between the condenser and the steam generator, the feedwater preheat arrangement comprising:
- a deaerator connected to the turbine assembly;
- a first injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a first main heater body having a first heat exchange compartment, a first water inlet connected to the condenser, a first steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a first water outlet formed on the first main heater body and connected to the deaerator; and
- a first injection nozzle provided in the first main heater body at a position adjacent to the first water inlet;
- a second injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a second main heater body having a second heat exchange compartment, a second water inlet connected to the deaerator, a second steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a second water outlet formed on the second main heater body; and
- a second injection nozzle provided in the second main heater body at a position adjacent to the second water inlet; and
- a third injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a third main heater body having a third heat exchange compartment, a third water inlet connected to the second water outlet of the second injection feedwater heater, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body and connected to the steam generator; and
- a third injection nozzle provided in the third main heater body at a position adjacent to the third water inlet;
- wherein a predetermined amount of condensate water from the condenser is arranged to sequentially pass through the first injection feedwater heater, the deaerator, the second injection feedwater heater, the third injection feedwater heater, and back to the steam generator;
- for the first through third injection feedwater heater, the condensate water being arranged to be pumped into the corresponding first through third main heater body via the first through third water inlet respectively, the condensate water passing through the corresponding first through third water inlet being arranged to be injected into the corresponding first through third heat exchange compartment via the first through the third injection nozzle respectively for creating a negative pressure in the first through third heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the first through third heat exchange compartment via the first through the third steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the corresponding first through the third heat exchange compartment via the first through third water outlet.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a steam power generating system, comprising:
- a plurality of connecting pipes;
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam;
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- an electric generator connected to the turbine assembly, the work produced in the turbine assembly being converted to a predetermined amount of electricity;
- a condenser connected to the turbine assembly through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam from the turbine assembly being condensed into condensate water in the condenser; and
- a feedwater preheat arrangement provided between the condenser and the steam generator, the feedwater preheat arrangement comprising:
- a deaerator connected to the turbine assembly;
- a first injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a first main heater body having a first heat exchange compartment, a first water inlet connected to the condenser, a first steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and
- first water outlet formed on the first main heater body and connected to the deaerator; and
- a first injection nozzle provided in the first main heater body at a position adjacent to the first water inlet;
- a second injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a second main heater body having a second heat exchange compartment, a second water inlet connected to the condenser and the first water inlet in parallel, a second steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a second water outlet formed on the second main heater body and connected to the deaerator and the first water outlet in parallel; and
- a second injection nozzle provided in the second main heater body at a position adjacent to the second water inlet; and
- a third injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a third main heater body having a third heat exchange compartment, a third water inlet connected to the deaerator, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body and connected to the steam generator; and
- a third injection nozzle provided in the third main heater body at a position adjacent to the third water inlet;
- a fourth injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a fourth main heater body having a fourth heat exchange compartment, a fourth water inlet connected to the deaerator and the third water inlet in parallel, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body and connected to the steam generator and the third water outlet in parallel; and
- a fourth injection nozzle provided in the fourth main heater body at a position adjacent to the fourth water inlet;
- wherein a predetermined amount of condensate water from the condenser is arranged to be pumped into the first injection feedwater heater and the second injection feedwater heater in parallel, the water coming out of the first injection feedwater heater and the second injection feedwater heater being arranged to enter the deaerator and thereafter guided to enter the third injection feedwater heater and the fourth injection feedwater heater in parallel, the condensate water coming out of the third injection feedwater heater and the fourth injection feedwater heater being arranged to flow back to the steam generator for another cycle of electricity generation;
- for the first through fourth injection feedwater heater, the condensate water being arranged to be pumped into the corresponding first through fourth main heater body via the first through fourth water inlet respectively, the condensate water passing through the corresponding first through fourth water inlet being arranged to be injected into the corresponding first through fourth heat exchange compartment via the first through the fourth injection nozzle respectively for creating a negative pressure in the first through fourth heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the first through fourth heat exchange compartment via the first through the fourth steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the corresponding first through the fourth heat exchange compartment via the first through fourth water outlet.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a steam power generating system, comprising
- a plurality of connecting pipes;
- a steam generator arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam;
- a turbine assembly comprising at least one turbine connected to the steam generator through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam generated by the steam generator being arranged to produce work on the turbine assembly;
- an electric generator connected to the turbine assembly, the work produced in the turbine assembly being converted to a predetermined amount of electricity;
- a condenser connected to the turbine assembly through at least one of the connecting pipes, the steam from the turbine assembly being condensed into condensate water in the condenser; and
- a feedwater preheat arrangement provided between the condenser and the steam generator, the feedwater preheat arrangement comprising:
- a first and a second deaerator connected to the turbine assembly;
- a first injection feedwater heater which comprises:
- a first main heater body having a first heat exchange compartment, a first water inlet connected to the condenser, a first steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a first water outlet formed on the first main heater body and connected to the first deaerator; and
- a first injection nozzle provided in the first main heater body at a position adjacent to the first water inlet;
- a second injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a second main heater body having a second heat exchange compartment, a second water inlet connected to the condenser and the first water inlet in parallel, a second steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a second water outlet formed on the second main heater body and connected to the second deaerator; and
- a second injection nozzle provided in the second main heater body at a position adjacent to the second water inlet; and
- a third injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a third main heater body having a third heat exchange compartment, a third water inlet connected to the first deaerator, a third steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a third water outlet formed on the third main heater body; and
- a third injection nozzle provided in the third main heater body at a position adjacent to the third water inlet;
- a fourth injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a fourth main heater body having a fourth heat exchange compartment, a fourth water inlet connected to the second deaerator, a fourth steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a fourth water outlet formed on the fourth main heater body; and
- a fourth injection nozzle provided in the fourth main heater body at a position adjacent to the fourth water inlet;
- a fifth injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a fifth main heater body having a fifth heat exchange compartment, a fifth water inlet connected to the third water outlet, a fifth steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a fifth water outlet formed on the fifth main heater body and connected to the steam generator;
- a fifth injection nozzle provided in the fifth main heater body at a position adjacent to the fifth water inlet;
- a sixth injection feedwater heater, which comprises:
- a sixth main heater body having a sixth heat exchange compartment, a sixth water inlet connected to the fourth water outlet, a sixth steam inlet connected to the turbine assembly, and a sixth water outlet formed on the sixth main heater body and connected to the steam generator and the fifth water outlet in parallel; and
- a sixth injection nozzle provided in the sixth main heater body at a position adjacent to the sixth water inlet;
- wherein a predetermined amount of condensate water from the condenser is arranged to be pumped into the first injection feedwater heater and the second injection feedwater heater in parallel, the water coming out of the first injection feedwater heater and the second injection feedwater heater being arranged to enter the first deaerator and the second deaerator respectively, the condensate water coming out from the first deaerator being arranged to sequentially enter the third injection feedwater heater and the fifth injection feedwater heater, the condensate water coming out from the second deaerator being arranged to sequentially enter the fourth injection feedwater heater and the sixth injection feedwater heater, the condensate water coming out of the fifth injection feedwater heater and the sixth injection feedwater heater being arranged to flow back to the steam generator for another cycle of electricity generation;
- for the first through sixth injection feedwater heater, the condensate water being arranged to be pumped into the corresponding first through sixth main heater body via the first through sixth water inlet respectively, the condensate water passing through the corresponding first through sixth water inlet being arranged to be injected into the corresponding first through sixth heat exchange compartment via the first through the sixth injection nozzle respectively for creating a negative pressure in the first through sixth heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam from the turbine assembly to enter the first through sixth heat exchange compartment via the first through the sixth steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the corresponding first through the sixth heat exchange compartment via the first through sixth water outlet.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides an injection feedwater heater for a steam power generating system comprising a steam generator, a turbine assembly, an electric generator and a condenser, the injection feedwater heater comprising:
- a main heater body having a heat exchange compartment, a water inlet, a steam inlet, and a water outlet formed on the main heater body; and
- an injection nozzle provided in the main heater body at a position adjacent to the water inlet, wherein a predetermined amount of condensate water is arranged to be pumped into the main heater body through the water inlet, the condensate water passing through the water inlet being arranged to be injected into the heat exchange compartment through the injection nozzle for creating a negative pressure in the heat exchange compartment, the negative pressure drawing a predetermined amount of steam to enter the heat exchange compartment through the steam inlet for mixing with the condensate water, the condensate water being heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the heat exchange compartment through the water outlet.
- This summary presented above is provided merely to introduce certain concepts and not to identify any key or essential features of the claimed subject matter.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a water collection head according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 4 is an alternative configuration of the water collection head according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 5 is a sectional schematic view of an injection nozzle according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 6 is an alternative configuration of an injection nozzle according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 7 is a top schematic view of nozzle holes forming on a nozzle base according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 8 is an alternative configuration of nozzle holes forming on the nozzle base according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a first alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a second alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a third alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 12 a schematic diagram of a fourth alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 14A toFIG. 14C are schematic diagrams of first through third injection feedwater heater according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention respectively. -
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a fourth injection feedwater heater according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a steam power generating system according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 19A toFIG. 19B are schematic diagrams of fifth through sixth injection feedwater heater according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention respectively. - The following detailed description of the preferred embodiment is the preferred mode of carrying out the invention. The description is not to be taken in any limiting sense. It is presented for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present invention.
- Referring to
FIG. 1 toFIG. 7 of the drawings, a steam power generating system according a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. Broadly, the steam power generating system may comprise a plurality of connectingpipes 101, asteam generator 102, aturbine assembly 300, anelectric generator 400, acondenser 500, and afeedwater preheat arrangement 1 which comprises at least oneinjection feedwater heater 10. - The connecting
pipes 101 may connect one of more components in the steam power generating system and may allow steam or water to pass therethrough. Thesteam generator 102 may be arranged to produce a predetermined amount of steam. Thesteam generator 102 may be configured as a boiler. - The
turbine assembly 300 may comprise at least oneturbine 310 and may be connected to thesteam generator 102 through at least one of the connectingpipes 101, wherein the steam generated by thesteam generator 102 may be arranged to feed into and produce work on theturbine assembly 300. - The
electric generator 400 may be connected to theturbine assembly 300, wherein the work produced in theturbine assembly 300 may be converted to a predetermined amount of electricity through turning theturbine 310. - The
condenser 500 may be connected to theturbine assembly 300 through at least one of the connectingpipes 101, wherein the steam from theturbine assembly 300 may be guided to flow into thecondenser 500 which may be arranged to condense the steam into condensate water. - The
injection feedwater heater 10 may be connected to thecondenser 500 and theturbine assembly 300 through at least one of the connectingpipes 101, and may comprise amain heater body 11 and aninjection nozzle 12. - The
main heater body 11 may have aheat exchange compartment 111, awater inlet 112, asteam inlet 113, and awater outlet 114 formed on themain heater body 11. - The
injection nozzle 12 may be provided in themain heater body 11 at a position adjacent to thewater inlet 112, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from thecondenser 500 may be arranged to be pumped into themain heater body 11 through thewater inlet 112. The condensate water passing through thewater inlet 112 may be arranged to be injected into theheat exchange compartment 111 through theinjection nozzle 12 for creating a negative pressure in theheat exchange compartment 111. The negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from theturbine assembly 300 to enter theheat exchange compartment 111 through thesteam inlet 113 for mixing with the condensate water. The condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of theheat exchange compartment 111 through thewater outlet 114. - Thus, the
feedwater preheat arrangement 1 may be provided between thesteam generator 102 and thecondenser 500 for preheating the condensate water from thecondenser 500 before feeding to thesteam generator 102. - According to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam power generating system may operate in accordance with thermodynamics theories, such as following the heat exchange model predicted by Rankine cycle. The connecting
pipes 101 may connect each of the elements of the steam power generating system which may be employed in a steam power plant. Thesteam generator 102 may be configured as a boiler which may heat up water by using a predetermined type of fuel. The water may be converted into superheated steam which may be guided to flow to theturbine assembly 300. - The
turbine assembly 300 may comprise at least oneturbine 310 arranged in such a manner that the superheated steam produced by thesteam generator 102 may be allowed to turn theturbine 310 for converting heat energy into mechanical energy. More than oneturbine 310 may be employed according to different circumstances in which the present invention is utilized. - The
electric generator 400 may be connected to theturbine assembly 300 and may be arranged to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy when theturbine 310 is turned. Theelectric generator 400 may be connected to other electrical components so that people may make further use of the electricity generated by theelectric generator 400. - The
condenser 500 may be connected to theturbine assembly 300 wherein the steam used to turn theturbine 310 may be guided to flow into thecondenser 500. The steam flowing into thecondenser 500 may be arranged to perform heat exchange with a predetermined heat exchange medium (such as water) so as to be condensed back into water (referred to “condensate water in this specification). Heat may be extracted from the steam, and condensate water may be arranged to flow out of thecondenser 500. The condensate water may be preheated by at least oneinjection feedwater heater 10 before being circulated back to thesteam generator 102. - The steam power generating system may further comprise at least one
pumping device 70 connected to at least one of the connectingpipes 101 for pumping fluid flowing through the various components of the steam power generating system. In the first preferred embodiment, the steam power generating system may comprise twopumping devices 70 one of which may be connected between theinjection feedwater heater 10 and thecondenser 500, while the other one may be connected between the injection feedwater heater 60 and thesteam generator 102. Thepumping devices 70 may facilitate circulation of the condensate water from thecondenser 500 to thesteam generator 102. - The
injection feedwater heater 10 may be connected to thecondenser 500 and theturbine assembly 300 so that the water coming out from thecondenser 500 may be guided to flow into theinjection feedwater heater 10. At the same time, steam from theturbine assembly 300 may be guided to flow into the injection feedwater heater 60 to perform heat exchange with the condensate water. - Specifically, the
water inlet 112 may be connected to thecondenser 500 through at least one connectingpipe 101. The condensate water coming from thecondenser 500 may be guided to flow into theinjection feedwater heater 10 through thewater inlet 112. In the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, themain heater body 11 may comprise aheat exchanging tube 115 and awater collection head 116 connected to theheat exchanging tube 115, wherein thewater inlet 112 may be formed on thewater collection head 116 while theheat exchange compartment 111 may be formed in theheat exchanging tube 115. Theheat exchanging tube 115 may be configured as having an elongated structure and may be installed in vertical orientation. In this orientation, thewater collection head 116 may be provided on top of theheat exchanging tube 115, as shown inFIG. 2 of the drawings. - The
main heater body 11 may further comprise awater discharging tube 117 extended from the heat exchanging tube 615, wherein thewater outlet 114 may be formed on thewater discharging tube 117. Condensate water coming from thecondenser 500 may sequentially pass through thewater inlet 112, thewater collection head 116, theheat exchanging tube 115, thewater discharging tube 117, and thewater outlet 114. As shown inFIG. 2 of the drawings, thewater collection head 116 and thewater discharging tube 117 may be provided on two opposite ends of theheat exchanging tube 115 respectively. Thus, when in vertical orientation, thewater discharging tube 117 may be provided below theheat exchanging tube 115. - Referring to
FIG. 3 of the drawings, thewater collection head 116 may have awater collection chamber 1161. Thewater inlet 112 may be formed on thewater collection head 116 and may communicate with thewater collection chamber 1161. Condensate water from thecondenser 500 may pass through thewater inlet 112 and may be temporarily accommodated in thewater collection chamber 1161 before passing through theinjection nozzle 12. Note that thewater inlet 112 may be formed along a longitudinal axis of theheat exchanging tube 115 so as to substantially align therewith. Alternatively, thewater inlet 112 may be formed substantially parallel to a transverse axis of theheat exchanging tube 115, as shown inFIG. 4 of the drawings. - The
heat exchanging tube 115 may comprise anexternal tube member 1151 and aninternal tube member 1152 for forming a double wall structure of theheat exchanging tube 115. Thesteam inlet 113 may be formed on theexternal tube member 1151 of theheat exchanging tube 115. A diameter of theinternal tube member 1152 may be less than that of theexternal tube member 1151 so as to form areceiving gap 1153 between theexternal tube member 1151 and theinternal tube member 1152. Theheat exchange compartment 111 may be formed inside theinternal tube member 1152. - Furthermore, the
internal tube member 1152 may have a plurality ofholes 1154 formed thereon for communicating thereceiving gap 1153 with theheat exchange compartment 111. Thus, steam from theturbine 310 may enter theheat exchanging tube 115 through thesteam inlet 113. The steam passing through thesteam inlet 113 may be temporarily accommodated in thereceiving gap 1153 and may eventually be guided to enter theheat exchange compartment 111 through theholes 1154. In this preferred embodiment, each of theexternal tube member 1151 and theinternal tube member 1152 may have a circular cross section. Other cross-sectional shapes may also be possible and should be covered and protected by the present patent. Similarly, each of theexternal tube member 1151 and theinternal tube member 1152 may have a uniform diameter along a longitudinal axis thereof. However, non-uniform diameter along the longitudinal axis of each or both of theexternal tube member 1151 and theinternal tube member 1152 may also be possible. - As shown in
FIGS. 2 and 5 of the drawings, theinjection nozzle 12 may be provided between thewater collection head 116 and theheat exchanging tube 115. Theinjection nozzle 12 may comprise anozzle base 121 and have a plurality of injection holes 122 formed on thenozzle base 121, wherein the injection holes 122 may communicate thewater collection chamber 1161 with theheat exchange compartment 111 so that water collected in thewater collection chamber 1161 may be injected into theheat exchange compartment 111 through the injection holes 122. - The two different configurations of the
injection nozzle 12 may be illustrated inFIG. 5 andFIG. 6 of the drawings. As shown inFIG. 5 of the drawings, theinjection nozzle 12 may further comprise a plurality ofnozzle units 123 wherein the injection holes 122 may be formed in thenozzle units 123 respectively. Each of thenozzle units 123 may have anozzle head 1231 provided on thenozzle base 121, and anelongated nozzle pin 1232 extending from thenozzle head 1231 and penetrating through thenozzle base 121, wherein thecorresponding injection hole 122 may extend along thenozzle head 1231 and theelongated nozzle pin 1232. Theinjection hole 122 extending in thenozzle head 1231 may have a tapered cross-sectional shape. - Alternatively, as shown in
FIG. 6 of the drawings, the injection holes 122 may be formed directly on thenozzle base 121 so that water collection in thewater collection chamber 1161 may be injected into theheat exchange compartment 111 through the injection holes 122 without passing through anynozzle units 123. - Referring to
FIG. 7 toFIG. 8 of the drawings, thenozzle base 121 may be configured to have a substantially circular cross section wherein the injection holes 122 may be spacedly formed on thenozzle base 121. The exact distribution of the injection holes 122 or theinjection units 123 forming on thenozzle base 121 may vary depending on the manufacturing or application circumstances of the case. For example,FIG. 7 illustrates a radial projection of the nozzle holes 122 from the center of thenozzle base 121. Thus, the nozzle holes 122 may be distributed on thenozzle base 121 along several imaginary projection lines radially extended from the center of thenozzle base 121. In the case wherenozzle units 123 are used, thenozzle units 123 may be distributed on thenozzle base 121 along several imaginary projection lines radially extended from the center of thenozzle base 121. - As another example,
FIG. 8 illustrates that the nozzle holes 122 may be distributed on thenozzle base 121 randomly. The exact manner in which the nozzle holes 122 may be distributed depend on the manufacturing and operational circumstances of the present invention. - The
water discharging tube 117 may extend from theheat exchanging tube 115 at a position opposite to thewater collection head 116. Thus, thewater collection head 116 and thewater discharging tube 117 may be provided on two opposite end portions of theheat exchanging tube 115 respectively. As shown inFIG. 2 of the drawings, thewater discharging tube 115 may extend from theinternal tube member 1152 of theheat exchanging tube 115. - The
water discharging tube 117 may have a guidingportion 1171, a pressurizingportion 1172, and abuffering portion 1173 extended between the guidingportion 1171 and the pressurizingportion 1172. The guidingportion 1171 may extend from theheat exchanging tube 115 and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from theheat exchanging tube 115 so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion. - The pressurizing
portion 1172 may extend from thebuffering portion 1173 and may have a diameter gradually increasing from thebuffering portion 1173 so that the water passing through the pressurizingportion 1172 may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate. - The
injection feedwater heater 12 may further comprise asafety arrangement 14 provided on theheat exchanging tube 115 for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting theheat exchanging tube 115 and reaching theturbine 310 through thesteam inlet 113. - To accommodate the
safety arrangement 14, themain heater body 11 may further comprise asteam input tube 118 extending from theexternal tube member 1151, wherein thesteam inlet 113 may be formed in the steam input tube 618. Thus, steam coming from theturbine 310 may flow into theheat exchanging tube 115 through thesteam input tube 118 and thesteam inlet 113. On the other hand, thesafety arrangement 14 may comprise aunidirectional valve 141 mounted in thesteam input tube 118 for preventing water from exiting theheat exchanging tube 115 and reaching theturbine 310 through thesteam inlet 113. - The
safety arrangement 14 may further comprise anelectromagnetic valve 142 mounted in thesteam input tube 118, and a plurality ofpressure sensors 143 provided in theinternal tube member 1152 and thesteam input tube 118 respectively for measuring the pressure in the internal tube member 1152 (i.e. the heat exchange compartment 111) and thesteam input tube 118 respectively. Thepressure sensors 143 may be electrically connected to theelectromagnetic valve 142 so that when thepressure sensors 143 detect that the pressure in thesteam input tube 118 is lower than that of theheat exchange compartment 111, theelectromagnetic valve 142 may be arranged to turn off thecorresponding pumping device 70 for stopping condensate water from further feeding into theinjection feedwater heater 10. - The operation of the present invention is as follows: the steam power generating system may be utilized to generate electricity through applications of thermodynamics theories such as Rankin cycle. Water in the
steam generator 102 may be heated to become superheated steam. The superheated steam may be guided to flow to theturbine assembly 300 so that the energy stored in the superheated steam may be used to turn one ormore turbine 310. The movement of theturbines 310 may be used to generate electricity by theelectric generator 400. - The steam leaving the
turbine assembly 300 may be guided to flow into thecondenser 500 which may condense the steam into condensate water. The condensate water may then be guided to leave thecondenser 500 and enter theinjection feedwater heater 10. The purpose of feeding the water into theinjection feedwater heater 10 is to preheat the condensate water to a predetermined temperature by using the heat from the steam extracted from theturbine assembly 300 so as to maximize the overall efficiency of the entire steam power generating system. The condensate water may then be guided to leave theinjection feedwater heater 10 and flow back to thesteam generator 102 for being converted back into superheated steam to perform another cycle of electricity generation in the manner described above. - In the
injection feedwater heater 10, condensate water may first be fed into thewater collection head 116 through thewater inlet 112. The condensate water may then be temporarily collected in thewater collection chamber 1161 and ready to pass through theinjection nozzle 12. The condensate water in thewater collection chamber 1161 may then be injected into theheat exchange compartment 111 by theinjection nozzle 12. The injection of the condensate water in theheat exchange compartment 111 may create a negative pressure in theheat exchange compartment 111 which may tend to create a suction effect to the fluid staying out of theheat exchange compartment 111. As a result, steam may be sucked into theheat exchanging tube 115 through thesteam inlet 113. The steam passing through thesteam inlet 113 may go on to pass through theholes 1154 and eventually enter theheat exchange compartment 111. The steam entering theheat exchange compartment 111 may be arranged to mix with the condensate water and perform heat exchange therewith. The result is that the condensate water may be “pre-heated” while the steam may be condensed in theheat exchange compartment 111 after performing heat exchange with the condensate water. - The resulting product which is also water may be guided to sequentially pass through the guiding
portion 1171, thebuffering portion 1173 and the pressurizingportion 1172 of thewater discharging tube 117. The water passing through thewater discharging tube 117 may be guided to leave theinjection feedwater heater 10 through thewater outlet 114. The water leaving theinjection feedwater heater 10 may be guided to flow back to thesteam generator 102 in the manner described above. - Referring to
FIG. 9 of the drawings, a first alternative mode of theinjection feedwater heater 10′ according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The first alternative mode is similar to theinjection feedwater heater 10 described above, except that theinjection feedwater heater 10′ may be designed primarily for use in a horizontal orientation. - In the first alternative mode, the
main heater body 11′ may comprise aheat exchanging tube 115′ and awater collection head 116′ connected to theheat exchanging tube 115′, wherein thewater inlet 112′ may be formed on thewater collection head 116′ while theheat exchange compartment 111′ may be formed in theheat exchanging tube 115′. Theheat exchanging tube 115′ may also be configured as having an elongated structure. - The
main heater body 11′ may further comprise awater discharging tube 117′ extended from theheat exchanging tube 115′, wherein thewater outlet 114′ may be formed on thewater discharging tube 117′. Condensate water coming from thecondenser 500 may sequentially pass through thewater inlet 112′, thewater collection head 116′, theheat exchanging tube 115′, thewater discharging tube 117′, and thewater outlet 114′. As shown inFIG. 9 of the drawings, thewater collection head 116′ and thewater discharging tube 117′ may be provided on two opposite ends of theheat exchanging tube 115′ respectively. Moreover, oneend portion 1155′ of theheat exchanging tube 115′ may be inclined with respect to longitudinal axis thereof. - As in the first preferred embodiment, the
water collection head 116′ may have awater collection chamber 1161′. Thewater inlet 112′ may be formed on thewater collection head 116′ and may communicate with thewater collection chamber 1161′. Thewater inlet 112′ may be formed along a longitudinal axis of theheat exchanging tube 115′ so as to substantially align therewith. - The
heat exchanging tube 115′ may comprise anexternal tube member 1151′ and aninternal tube member 1152′ for forming a double wall structure of theheat exchanging tube 115′. Thesteam inlet 113′ may be formed on theexternal tube member 1151′ of theheat exchanging tube 115′. A diameter of theinternal tube member 1152′ may be less than that of theexternal tube member 1151′ so as to form areceiving gap 1153′ between theexternal tube member 1151′ and theinternal tube member 1152′. Theheat exchange compartment 111′ may be formed inside theinternal tube member 1152′. - Furthermore, the
internal tube member 1152′ may have a plurality ofholes 1154′ formed thereon for communicating thereceiving gap 1153′ with theheat exchange compartment 111′. Theheat exchanging tube 115′ may further have awater release port 1156′ formed on theexternal tube member 1151′ for allowing residual water to be discharged out of thereceiving gap 1153′. - Again, the
injection nozzle 12′ may be provided between thewater collection head 116′ and theheat exchanging tube 115′. Theinjection nozzle 12′ comprise anozzle base 121′ and have a plurality of injection holes 122′ formed on thenozzle base 121′, wherein the injection holes 122′ may communicate thewater collection chamber 1161′ with theheat exchange compartment 111′ so that water collected in thewater collection chamber 1161′ may be injected into theheat exchange compartment 111′ through the injection holes 122′. - The
water discharging tube 117′ may also extend from theheat exchanging tube 115′ at a position opposite to thewater collection head 116′. Thewater discharging tube 117′ may extend from theinternal tube member 1152′ of theheat exchanging tube 115′. - The
water discharging tube 117′ may have a guidingportion 1171′, a pressurizingportion 1172′, and abuffering portion 1173′ extended between the guiding portion 6171′ and the pressurizingportion 1172′. The guidingportion 1171′ may extend from theheat exchanging tube 115′ and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from theheat exchanging tube 115′ so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion. - Note that in this first alternative mode, the guiding
portion 1171′ may have aninclined guiding surface 1174′ wherein the water coming from theheat exchanging tube 115′ may be arranged to hit theinclined guiding surface 1174′ and be guided to flow to thebuffering portion 1173′. - The pressurizing
portion 1172′ may extend from thebuffering portion 1173′ and may have a diameter gradually increasing from thebuffering portion 1173′ so that the water passing through the pressurizingportion 1172′ may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate. - The
injection feedwater heater 10′ may further comprise asafety arrangement 14′ provided on theheat exchanging tube 115′ for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting theheat exchanging tube 115′ and reaching theturbine 310 through thesteam inlet 113′. As in the preferred embodiment, themain heater body 11′ may further comprise asteam input tube 118′ extending from theexternal tube member 1151′, wherein thesteam inlet 113′ is formed in thesteam input tube 118′. Thus, steam coming from theturbine 310 may flow into theheat exchanging tube 115′ through thesteam input tube 118′ and thesteam inlet 113′. On the other hand, thesafety arrangement 14′ may comprise aunidirectional valve 141′ mounted in thesteam input tube 118′ for preventing water from exiting theheat exchanging tube 115′ and reaching theturbine 310 through thesteam inlet 113′. - The
safety arrangement 14′ may further comprise anelectromagnetic valve 142′ mounted on thesteam inlet 113′, and a plurality ofpressure sensors 143′ provided in theinternal tube member 1152′ and thesteam input tube 118′ respectively for measuring the pressure in theinternal tube member 1152′ and thesteam input tube 118′ respectively. The operation of thesafety arrangement 14′ is the same as that mentioned in the preferred embodiment above. - Referring to
FIG. 10 of the drawings, a second alternative mode of the injection feedwater heater 60″ according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The second alternative mode is similar to theinjection feedwater heater 10′ described in the first alternative mode, except that theheat exchanging tube 115″ of theinjection feedwater heater 10″ may have acurved portion 1157″ formed adjacent to the guidingportion 1171″ of thewater discharging tube 117″. - The
water discharging tube 117″ may have a guidingportion 1171″, a pressurizingportion 1172″, and abuffering portion 1173″ extended between the guidingportion 1171″ and the pressurizingportion 1172″. The guidingportion 1171″ may extend from theheat exchanging tube 115″ and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from theheat exchanging tube 115″ so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion. In this second alternative mode, the guidingportion 1171″ may also have aninclined guiding surface 1174″ wherein the water coming from theheat exchanging tube 115″ may be arranged to hit theinclined guiding surface 1174″ and be guided to flow to thebuffering portion 1173″. - The pressurizing
portion 1172″ may extend from thebuffering portion 1173″ and may have a diameter gradually increasing from thebuffering portion 1173″ so that the water passing through the pressurizingportion 1172″ may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate. - The
injection feedwater heater 12″ may further comprise asafety arrangement 14″ provided on theheat exchanging tube 115″ for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting theheat exchanging tube 115″ and reaching theturbine 310 through thesteam inlet 113″. As in the preferred embodiment, themain heater body 11″ may further comprise asteam input tube 118″ extending from theexternal tube member 1151″, wherein thesteam inlet 113″ may be formed in thesteam input tube 118″. On the other hand, thesafety arrangement 14″ may comprise aunidirectional valve 141″ mounted in thesteam input tube 118″ for preventing water from exiting theheat exchanging tube 115″ and reaching theturbine 310 through thesteam inlet 113″. - The
safety arrangement 14″ may further comprise anelectromagnetic valve 142″ mounted on thesteam inlet 113″, and a plurality ofpressure sensors 143″ provided in theinternal tube member 1152″ and thesteam input tube 118″ respectively for measuring the pressure in theinternal tube member 1152″ and thesteam input tube 118″ respectively. The operation of thesafety arrangement 14″ is the same as that mentioned in the preferred embodiment and the first alternative mode above. - The
injection feedwater heater 10″ may also comprise awater collection head 116″ having awater collection chamber 1161″. Thewater inlet 112″ may be formed on thewater collection head 116″ and may communicate with thewater collection chamber 1161″. Thewater inlet 112″ may be formed along a longitudinal axis of theheat exchanging tube 115″ so as to substantially align therewith. - Moreover, the
steam inlet 113″ may be formed on theexternal tube member 1151″ of theheat exchanging tube 115″. A diameter of theinternal tube member 1152″ may be less than that of theexternal tube member 1151″ so as to form areceiving gap 1153″ between theexternal tube member 1151″ and theinternal tube member 1152″. Theheat exchange compartment 111″ may be formed inside theinternal tube member 1152″. - Furthermore, the
internal tube member 1152″ may have a plurality ofholes 1154″ formed thereon for communicating thereceiving gap 1153″ with theheat exchange compartment 111″. Theheat exchanging tube 115″ may further have awater release port 1156″ formed on theexternal tube member 1151″ for allowing residual water to be discharged out of thereceiving gap 1153″. - The
injection nozzle 12″ may be provided between thewater collection head 116″ and theheat exchanging tube 115″. Theinjection nozzle 12″ comprise anozzle base 121″ and have a plurality of injection holes 122″ formed on thenozzle base 121″. - Referring to
FIG. 11 of the drawings, a third alternative mode of theinjection feedwater heater 10A according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The third alternative mode is structurally identical to theinjection feedwater heater 10′ described in the first alternative mode, except that the both ends 1155A of theheat exchanging tube 115A may not be inclined with respect to longitudinal axis thereof. - Moreover, in this third alternative mode, the inclined guiding
surface 1174A may also be formed in the guidingportion 1171A of thewater discharging tube 117A. Water passing through the guidingportion 1171A may sequentially pass through thebuffering portion 1173A and the pressurizingportion 1172A. - The
water release port 1156A may be formed on theexternal tube member 1151A for allowing residual water to be discharged out of the receivinggap 1153A, which is formed between theexternal tube member 1151A and theinternal tube member 1152A. Theholes 1154A may be formed on theinternal tube member 1152A. Moreover, theinjection nozzle 12A may be provided between thewater collection head 116A and theheat exchanging tube 115A. Theinjection nozzle 12A may comprise anozzle base 121A and have a plurality ofinjection holes 122A formed on thenozzle base 121A. Thewater collection chamber 1161A may communicate with thewater inlet 112A. - The
safety arrangement 14A may comprise anelectromagnetic valve 142A mounted on thesteam inlet 113A, and a plurality ofpressure sensors 143A provided in theinternal tube member 1152A and thesteam input tube 118A respectively for measuring the pressure in theinternal tube member 1152A and thesteam input tube 118A respectively. The operation of thesafety arrangement 14A is the same as that mentioned in the preferred embodiment and the first alternative mode above. - Referring to
FIG. 12 of the drawings, a fourth alternative mode of theinjection feedwater heater 10B according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The fourth alternative mode is structurally identical to theinjection feedwater heater 10′ described in the third alternative mode, except thewater discharging tube 117B. - According to the fourth alternative mode, the
water discharging tube 117B may have a guidingportion 1171B, a pressurizingportion 1172B, and abuffering portion 1173B extended between the guidingportion 1171B and the pressurizingportion 1172B. The guidingportion 1171B may extend from theheat exchanging tube 115B and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from theheat exchanging tube 115B. In this fourth alternative mode, the guidingportion 1171B may also have an inclined guidingsurface 1174B wherein the water coming from theheat exchanging tube 115B may be arranged to hit the inclined guidingsurface 1174B and be guided to flow to thebuffering portion 1173B. - In this fourth alternative mode, the guiding
portion 1171B may extend from theinternal tube member 1152B along a longitudinal direction thereof, while thebuffering portion 1173B and the pressurizingportion 1172B may extend from the guidingportion 1171B along a transverse direction thereof. In other words, a longitudinal axis of thebuffering portion 1173B and the pressurizingportion 1172B may form an approximately 90° of inclination with respect to a longitudinal axis of the guidingportion 1171B. This configuration is graphically depicted inFIG. 12 of the drawings. - On the other hand, the
water release port 1156B may be formed on theexternal tube member 1151B for allowing residual water to be discharged out of the receivinggap 1153B, which is formed between theexternal tube member 1151B and theinternal tube member 1152B. Theholes 1154B may be formed on theinternal tube member 1152B. Moreover, theinjection nozzle 12B may be provided between thewater collection head 116B and theheat exchanging tube 115B. Theinjection nozzle 12B may comprise anozzle base 121B and have a plurality ofinjection holes 122B formed on thenozzle base 121B. Thewater collection chamber 1161B may communicate with thewater inlet 112B. - The
safety arrangement 14B may comprise anelectromagnetic valve 142B mounted on thesteam inlet 113B, and a plurality ofpressure sensors 143B provided in theinternal tube member 1152B and thesteam input tube 118B respectively for measuring the pressure in theinternal tube member 1152B and thesteam input tube 118B respectively. The operation of thesafety arrangement 14B is the same as that mentioned in the preferred embodiment and the first alternative mode above. - Referring to
FIG. 13 , andFIG. 14A toFIG. 14C of the drawings, a steam power generating system according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The second preferred embodiment is similar to what has been disclosed in the first preferred embodiment except the configuration of the various components of the steam power generating system. According to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feedwater preheat arrangement 1C may comprise first through thirdinjection feedwater heater pipes 101C, wherein the first through thirdinjection feedwater heater turbine assembly 300C (comprising at least oneturbine 310C) and thesteam generator 102C. Each of the first through thirdinjection feedwater heater injection feedwater heater - Thus, the first through third
injection feedwater heater turbine assembly 300C through at least one of the connectingpipes 101C. A total of fourpumping devices 70C may be utilized in the second preferred embodiment. Theturbine assembly 300C may be connected to anelectric generator 400C. - As shown in
FIG. 14A of the drawings, the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C may comprise a firstmain heater body 11C and afirst injection nozzle 12C. The firstmain heater body 11C may have a firstheat exchange compartment 111C, afirst water inlet 112C, afirst steam inlet 113C, and afirst water outlet 114C formed on the firstmain heater body 11C. - The
first injection nozzle 12C may be provided in the firstmain heater body 11C at a position adjacent to thefirst water inlet 112C, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from thecondenser 500C may be arranged to be pumped into the firstmain heater body 11C through thefirst water inlet 112C. The condensate water passing through thefirst water inlet 112C may be arranged to be injected into the firstheat exchange compartment 111C through thefirst injection nozzle 12C for creating a negative pressure in the firstheat exchange compartment 111C. The negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from theturbine assembly 300C to enter the firstheat exchange compartment 111C through thesteam inlet 113C for mixing with the condensate water. The condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the firstheat exchange compartment 111C through thefirst water outlet 114C. - The first
main heater body 11C may comprise a firstheat exchanging tube 115C and a firstwater collection head 116C connected to the firstheat exchanging tube 115C, wherein thefirst water inlet 112C may be formed on the firstwater collection head 116C while the firstheat exchange compartment 111C may be formed in the firstheat exchanging tube 115C. - The first
main heater body 11C may further comprise a firstwater discharging tube 117C extended from the firstheat exchanging tube 115C, wherein thefirst water outlet 114C may be formed on the firstwater discharging tube 117C. Condensate water coming from the condenser 500B may sequentially pass through thefirst water inlet 112C, the firstwater collection head 116C, the firstheat exchanging tube 115C, the firstwater discharging tube 117C, and thefirst water outlet 114C. - The first
water collection head 116C may have a firstwater collection chamber 1161C. Thefirst water inlet 112C may be formed on the firstwater collection head 116C and may communicate with the firstwater collection chamber 1161C. The firstheat exchanging tube 115C may comprise a firstexternal tube member 1151C and a firstinternal tube member 1152C for forming a double wall structure of the firstheat exchanging tube 115C. Thefirst steam inlet 113C may be formed on the firstexternal tube member 1151C of the firstheat exchanging tube 115C. A diameter of the firstinternal tube member 1152C may be less than that of the firstexternal tube member 1151C so as to form afirst receiving gap 1153C between the firstexternal tube member 1151C and the firstinternal tube member 1152C. The firstheat exchange compartment 111C may be formed inside the firstinternal tube member 1152C. - The first
internal tube member 1152C may have a plurality offirst holes 1154C formed thereon for communicating thefirst receiving gap 1153C with the firstheat exchange compartment 111C. Thus, steam from theturbine 310C may enter the firstheat exchanging tube 115C through thefirst steam inlet 113C. - The
first injection nozzle 12C may be provided between the firstwater collection head 116C and the firstheat exchanging tube 115C. Thefirst injection nozzle 12C comprise afirst nozzle base 121C and have a plurality of first injection holes 122C formed on thefirst nozzle base 121C, wherein the first injection holes 122C may communicate the firstwater collection chamber 1161C with the firstheat exchange compartment 111C so that water collected in the firstwater collection chamber 1161C may be injected into the firstheat exchange compartment 111C through the first injection holes 122C. - The first
water discharging tube 117C may have afirst guiding portion 1171C, afirst pressurizing portion 1172C, and afirst buffering portion 1173C extended between thefirst guiding portion 1171C and thefirst pressurizing portion 1172C. Thefirst guiding portion 1171C may extend from the firstheat exchanging tube 115C and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the firstheat exchanging tube 115C so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion. - The
first pressurizing portion 1172C may extend from thefirst buffering portion 1173C and may have a diameter gradually increasing from thefirst buffering portion 1173C so that the water passing through thefirst pressurizing portion 1172C may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate. - The first
injection feedwater heater 12C may further comprise afirst safety arrangement 14C provided on the firstheat exchanging tube 115C for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the firstheat exchanging tube 115C and reaching the turbine 310B through thefirst steam inlet 113C. - The first
main heater body 11C may further comprise a firststeam input tube 118C extending from the firstexternal tube member 1151C, wherein thefirst steam inlet 113C may be formed in the firststeam input tube 118C. Thefirst safety arrangement 14C may comprise a firstunidirectional valve 141C mounted in the firststeam input tube 118C for preventing water from exiting the firstheat exchanging tube 115C and reaching the turbine 310B through thefirst steam inlet 113C. - The
first safety arrangement 14C may further comprise a firstelectromagnetic valve 142C mounted on thefirst steam inlet 113C, and a plurality offirst pressure sensors 143C provided in the firstinternal tube member 1152C and the firststeam input tube 118C respectively for measuring the pressure in the firstinternal tube member 1152C and the firststeam input tube 118C respectively. Thefirst pressure sensors 143C may be electrically connected to the firstelectromagnetic valve 142C so that when thefirst pressure sensors 143C detect that the pressure in the firststeam input tube 118C is lower than that of the firstheat exchange compartment 111C, the firstelectromagnetic valve 142C may be arranged to turn off the corresponding pumping device 70B for stopping condensate water from further feeding into the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C. - As shown in
FIG. 14B of the drawings, the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may comprise a secondmain heater body 21C and asecond injection nozzle 22C. The secondmain heater body 21C may have a secondheat exchange compartment 211C, asecond water inlet 212C, asecond steam inlet 213C, and asecond water outlet 214C formed on the secondmain heater body 21C. - The
second injection nozzle 22C may be provided in the secondmain heater body 21C at a position adjacent to thesecond water inlet 212C, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from thecondenser 500C may be arranged to be pumped into the secondmain heater body 21C through thesecond water inlet 212C. - The second
main heater body 21C may comprise a secondheat exchanging tube 215C and a second water collection head 216C connected to the secondheat exchanging tube 215C, wherein thesecond water inlet 212C may be formed on the second water collection head 216C while the secondheat exchange compartment 211C may be formed in the secondheat exchanging tube 215C. - The second
main heater body 21C may further comprise a secondwater discharging tube 217C extended from the secondheat exchanging tube 215C, wherein thesecond water outlet 214C may be formed on the secondwater discharging tube 217C. Condensate water coming from thecondenser 500C may sequentially pass through thesecond water inlet 212C, the second water collection head 216C, the secondheat exchanging tube 215C, the secondwater discharging tube 217C, and thesecond water outlet 214C. - The second water collection head 216C may have a second water collection chamber 2161C. The
second water inlet 212C may be formed on the second water collection head 216C and may communicate with the second water collection chamber 2161C. The secondheat exchanging tube 215C may comprise a secondexternal tube member 2151C and a secondinternal tube member 2152C for forming a double wall structure of the secondheat exchanging tube 215C. Thesecond steam inlet 213C may be formed on the secondexternal tube member 2151C of the secondheat exchanging tube 215C. A diameter of the secondinternal tube member 2152C may be less than that of the secondexternal tube member 2151C so as to form asecond receiving gap 2153C between the secondexternal tube member 2151C and the secondinternal tube member 2152C. The secondheat exchange compartment 211C may be formed inside the secondinternal tube member 2152C. - The second
internal tube member 2152C may have a plurality ofsecond holes 2154C formed thereon for communicating thesecond receiving gap 2153C with the secondheat exchange compartment 211C. Thus, steam from theturbine 310C may enter the secondheat exchanging tube 215C through thesecond steam inlet 213C. - The
second injection nozzle 22C may be provided between the second water collection head 216C and the secondheat exchanging tube 215C. Thesecond injection nozzle 22C comprise asecond nozzle base 221C and have a plurality of second injection holes 222C formed on thesecond nozzle base 221C, wherein the second injection holes 222C may communicate the second water collection chamber 2161C with the secondheat exchange compartment 211C so that water collected in the second water collection chamber 2161C may be injected into the secondheat exchange compartment 211C through the second injection holes 222C. - The second
water discharging tube 217C may have asecond guiding portion 2171C, asecond pressurizing portion 2172C, and asecond buffering portion 2173C extended between thesecond guiding portion 2171C and thesecond pressurizing portion 2172C. Thesecond guiding portion 2171C may extend from the secondheat exchanging tube 215C and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the secondheat exchanging tube 215C so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion. - The
second pressurizing portion 2172C may extend from thesecond buffering portion 2173C and may have a diameter gradually increasing from thesecond buffering portion 2173C so that the water passing through thesecond pressurizing portion 2172C may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate. - The second
injection feedwater heater 22C may further comprise asecond safety arrangement 24C provided on the secondheat exchanging tube 215C for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the secondheat exchanging tube 215C and reaching theturbine 310C through thesecond steam inlet 213C. - The second
main heater body 21C may further comprise a secondsteam input tube 218C extending from the secondexternal tube member 2151C, wherein thesecond steam inlet 213C may be formed in the secondsteam input tube 218C. Thesecond safety arrangement 24C may comprise a secondunidirectional valve 241C mounted in the secondsteam input tube 218C for preventing water from exiting the secondheat exchanging tube 215C and reaching theturbine 310C through thesecond steam inlet 213C. - The
second safety arrangement 24C may further comprise a secondelectromagnetic valve 242C mounted on thesecond steam inlet 213C, and a plurality ofsecond pressure sensors 243C provided in the secondinternal tube member 2152C and the secondsteam input tube 218C respectively for measuring the pressure in the secondinternal tube member 2152C and the secondsteam input tube 218C respectively. Thesecond pressure sensors 243C may be electrically connected to the secondelectromagnetic valve 242C so that when thesecond pressure sensors 243C detect that the pressure in the secondsteam input tube 218C is lower than that of the secondheat exchange compartment 211C, the secondelectromagnetic valve 242C may be arranged to turn off thecorresponding pumping device 70C. - As shown in
FIG. 14C of the drawings, the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C may comprise a thirdmain heater body 31C and athird injection nozzle 32C. The thirdmain heater body 31C may have a thirdheat exchange compartment 311C, athird water inlet 312C, athird steam inlet 313C, and athird water outlet 314C formed on the thirdmain heater body 31C. - The
third injection nozzle 32C may be provided in the thirdmain heater body 31C at a position adjacent to thethird water inlet 312C, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from thecondenser 500C may be arranged to be pumped into the thirdmain heater body 31C through thethird water inlet 312C. The condensate water passing through thethird water inlet 312C may be arranged to be injected into the thirdheat exchange compartment 311C through thethird injection nozzle 32C for creating a negative pressure in the third heat exchange compartment 311B. The negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from theturbine assembly 300C to enter the thirdheat exchange compartment 311C through thesteam inlet 313C for mixing with the condensate water. The condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the thirdheat exchange compartment 311C through thethird water outlet 314C. - The third
main heater body 31C may comprise a thirdheat exchanging tube 315C and a thirdwater collection head 316C connected to the third heat exchanging tube 315B, wherein thethird water inlet 312C may be formed on the thirdwater collection head 316C while the thirdheat exchange compartment 311C may be formed in the third heat exchanging tube 315B. - The third
main heater body 31C may further comprise a thirdwater discharging tube 317C extended from the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C, wherein thethird water outlet 314C may be formed on the thirdwater discharging tube 317C. - The third
water collection head 316C may have a thirdwater collection chamber 3161C. Thethird water inlet 312C may be formed on the thirdwater collection head 316C and may communicate with the thirdwater collection chamber 3161C. The thirdheat exchanging tube 315C may comprise a thirdexternal tube member 3151C and a thirdinternal tube member 3152C for forming a double wall structure of the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C. Thethird steam inlet 313C may be formed on the thirdexternal tube member 3151C of the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C. Athird receiving gap 3153C may be formed between the thirdexternal tube member 3151C and the thirdinternal tube member 3152C. The thirdheat exchange compartment 311C may be formed inside the thirdinternal tube member 3152C. - The third
internal tube member 3152C may have a plurality ofthird holes 3154C formed thereon for communicating thethird receiving gap 3153C with the thirdheat exchange compartment 311C. Thus, steam from theturbine 310C may enter the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C through thethird steam inlet 313C. - Again, the
third injection nozzle 32C may be provided between the thirdwater collection head 316C and the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C. Thethird injection nozzle 32C comprise athird nozzle base 321C and have a plurality ofthird injection holes 322C formed on thethird nozzle base 321C. - The third
water discharging tube 317C may have athird guiding portion 3171C, athird pressurizing portion 3172C, and athird buffering portion 3173C extended between thethird guiding portion 3171C and thethird pressurizing portion 3172C. Thethird guiding portion 3171C may extend from the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion. Thethird pressurizing portion 3172C may extend from thethird buffering portion 3173C and may have a diameter gradually increasing from thethird buffering portion 3173C so that the water passing through thethird pressurizing portion 3172C may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate. - The third
injection feedwater heater 32C may further comprise athird safety arrangement 34C provided on the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C and reaching theturbine 310C through thethird steam inlet 313C. - The third
main heater body 31C may further comprise a thirdsteam input tube 318C extending from the thirdexternal tube member 3151C, wherein thethird steam inlet 313C is formed in the third steam input tube 318B. Thethird safety arrangement 34C may comprise a thirdunidirectional valve 341C mounted in the thirdsteam input tube 318C for preventing water from exiting the thirdheat exchanging tube 315C and reaching theturbine 310C through thethird steam inlet 313C. - Moreover, the
third safety arrangement 34C may further comprise a thirdelectromagnetic valve 342C mounted on thethird steam inlet 313C, and a plurality ofthird pressure sensors 343C provided in the thirdinternal tube member 3152C and the thirdsteam input tube 318C respectively for measuring the pressure in the thirdinternal tube member 3152C and the thirdsteam input tube 318C respectively. Thethird pressure sensors 343C may be electrically connected to the thirdelectromagnetic valve 342C so that when thethird pressure sensors 343C detect that the pressure in the thirdsteam input tube 318C is lower than that of the thirdheat exchange compartment 311C, the thirdelectromagnetic valve 342C may be arranged to turn off thecorresponding pumping device 70C for stopping condensate water from further feeding into the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C. - Referring back to
FIG. 13 of the drawings, the first through thirdinjection feedwater heaters condenser 500C may be guided to flow into the first through thirdinjection feedwater heaters turbine assembly 300C may also be fed into the first through thirdinjection feedwater heaters third steam inlets - Each of the
first water outlet 114C,second water outlet 214C and thethird water outlet 314C may be connected to apumping device 70C. The water from the first throughthird water outlet steam generator 102C. Note that the first through thirdinjection feedwater heater injection feedwater heater - Referring to
FIG. 14 of the drawings, a steam power generating system according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The third preferred embodiment is similar to the second preferred embodiment described above, except the configuration various components of the feedwater preheat arrangement 1D. - According to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam power generating system may also comprise a
steam generator 102D, aturbine assembly 300D comprising at least oneturbine 310D, anelectric generator 400D electrically connected to theturbine assembly 300D, acondenser 500D connected to theturbine assembly 300D, and the feedwater preheat arrangement 1D. The feedwater preheat arrangement 1D may comprise first through thirdinjection feedwater heater pumping devices 70D may be used in the third preferred embodiment. The various components may also be connected by a plurality of connectingpipes 101D. These components are structurally identical to those described in the first and the second preferred embodiment above. - Referring to
FIG. 14 of the drawings, thesteam generator 102D may be connected to theturbine assembly 300D so that superheated steam may be used to turn at least oneturbine 310D. The mechanical energy may be converted into electrical energy through theelectric generator 400D. - The
turbine assembly 300D may be connected to thecondenser 500D for condensing the steam coming from theturbine assembly 300D. At the same time, theturbine assembly 300D may also be connected to each of the first through thirdinjection feedwater heater heat exchange compartment 111C (211C) (311C). Thecondenser 500D may be connected to apumping device 70D which may then be connected to the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C. - The steam power generating system may further comprise a
deaerator 100D connected to the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C so that the condensate water coming out from the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C may be arranged to enter thedeaerator 100D. Thedeaerator 100D may be utilized to remove a certain amount of oxygen from the condensate water coming out from the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C. Thedeaerator 100D may also be connected to theturbine assembly 300D so that steam may also be arranged to enter thedeaerator 100D. - The
deaerator 100D may be connected to anotherpumping device 70D which may be connected to the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C. The secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may be connected to the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C in series. Finally, the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C may be connected to thesteam generator 102D. - Thus, the water from the
deaerator 100D may be guided to flow into the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C for further heating. The water coming out from the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may be guided to flow into the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C for further heating. After that, the water coming out from the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C may be guided to flow back to thesteam generator 102D for being converted back to superheated steam to perform another cycle of electricity generation. - In the third preferred embodiment, each of the first through third
injection feedwater heater - Referring to
FIG. 15 toFIG. 16 of the drawings, a steam power generating system according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The fourth preferred embodiment is similar to the third preferred embodiment described above, except the configuration various components of the steam power generating system. Moreover, the feedwater preheat arrangement 1E may further comprise a fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D. The fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D may have identical structure as that of the first through thirdinjection feedwater heater - As shown in
FIG. 16 of the drawings, the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D may comprise a fourthmain heater body 41D and afourth injection nozzle 42D. The fourthmain heater body 41D may have a fourthheat exchange compartment 411D, a fourth water inlet 412C, afourth steam inlet 413D, and afourth water outlet 414D formed on the fourthmain heater body 41D. - The
fourth injection nozzle 42D may be provided in the fourthmain heater body 41D at a position adjacent to thefourth water inlet 412D, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from thecondenser 500E may be arranged to be pumped into the fourthmain heater body 41D through thefourth water inlet 412D. The condensate water passing through thefourth water inlet 412D may be arranged to be injected into the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D through thefourth injection nozzle 42D for creating a negative pressure in the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D. The negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from theturbine assembly 300E (comprising at least oneturbine 310E) to enter the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D through thesteam inlet 413D for mixing with the condensate water. The condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D through thefourth water outlet 414D. - The fourth
main heater body 41D may comprise a fourthheat exchanging tube 415D and a fourthwater collection head 416D connected to the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D, wherein thefourth water inlet 412D may be formed on the fourthwater collection head 416D while the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D may be formed in the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D. - The fourth
main heater body 11C may further comprise a fourthwater discharging tube 417D extended from the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D, wherein thefourth water outlet 414D may be formed on the fourthwater discharging tube 417D. - The fourth
water discharging tube 417D may have afourth guiding portion 4171D, afourth pressurizing portion 4172D, and afourth buffering portion 4173D extended between thefourth guiding portion 4171D and thefourth pressurizing portion 4172D. Thefourth guiding portion 4171D may extend from the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in the guiding portion. - The
fourth pressurizing portion 4172D may extend from thefourth buffering portion 4173D and may have a diameter gradually increasing from thefourth buffering portion 4173D so that the water passing through thefourth pressurizing portion 4172D may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate. - The fourth
water collection head 416D may have a fourth water collection chamber 4161D. Thefourth water inlet 412D may be formed on the fourthwater collection head 416D and may communicate with the fourth water collection chamber 4161D. The fourthheat exchanging tube 415D may comprise a fourthexternal tube member 4151D and a fourthinternal tube member 4152D for forming a double wall structure of the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D. Thefourth steam inlet 413D may be formed on the fourthexternal tube member 4151D of the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D. Afourth receiving gap 4153D may be formed between the fourthexternal tube member 4151D and the fourthinternal tube member 4152D. The fourthheat exchange compartment 411D may be formed inside the fourthinternal tube member 4152D. The fourthinternal tube member 4152D may have a plurality offourth holes 4154D formed thereon for communicating thefourth receiving gap 4153D with the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D. - The
fourth injection nozzle 42D may be provided between the fourthwater collection head 416D and the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D. Thefourth injection nozzle 42D comprise afourth nozzle base 421D and have a plurality offourth injection holes 422D formed on thefourth nozzle base 421D, wherein thefourth injection holes 422D may communicate the fourth water collection chamber 4161D with the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D so that water collected in the fourth water collection chamber 4161D may be injected into the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D through the fourth injection holes 422D. - The fourth
injection feedwater heater 42D may further comprise afourth safety arrangement 44D provided on the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D and reaching theturbine 310E through thefourth steam inlet 413D. - The fourth
main heater body 41D may further comprise a fourthsteam input tube 418D extending from the fourthexternal tube member 4151D, wherein thefourth steam inlet 413D is formed in the fourthsteam input tube 418D. Thefourth safety arrangement 44D may comprise a fourthunidirectional valve 441D mounted in the fourthsteam input tube 418D for preventing water from exiting the fourthheat exchanging tube 415D and reaching theturbine 310E through thefourth steam inlet 413D. - The
fourth safety arrangement 44D may further comprise a fourthelectromagnetic valve 442D mounted on thefourth steam inlet 413D, and a plurality offourth pressure sensors 443D provided in the fourthinternal tube member 4152D and the fourthsteam input tube 418D respectively for measuring the pressure in the fourthinternal tube member 4152D and the fourthsteam input tube 418D respectively. Thefourth pressure sensors 443D may be electrically connected to the fourthelectromagnetic valve 442D so that when thefourth pressure sensors 443D detect that the pressure in the fourthsteam input tube 418D is lower than that of the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D, the fourthelectromagnetic valve 442D may be arranged to turn off thecorresponding pumping device 70E. - In this fourth preferred embodiment, the first
injection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may be connected in parallel with each other, while the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D may be connected in parallel with each other. - As shown in
FIG. 15 of the drawings, superheated steam may be generated in thesteam generator 102E. The superheated steam may be guided to flow into theturbine assembly 300E comprising at least oneturbine 310E. Theturbine assembly 300E may also be connected to anelectric generator 400E and acondenser 500E. The steam from theturbine assembly 300E may be guided to flow through thecondenser 500E which may condense the steam into condensate water. Thecondenser 500E may be connected to apumping device 70E and the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C. Note that the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may be connected in parallel with respect to each other, while the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may be connected in series with thecondenser 500E and thepumping device 70E. This configuration is graphically depicted inFIG. 15 of the drawings. - Thus, the condensate water from the
condenser 500E may be pumped to the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C at the same time through thefirst water inlet 112C and thesecond water inlet 212C respectively. Steam from theturbine assembly 300E may be fed into the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C through thefirst steam inlet 113C and thesecond steam inlet 213C respectively to perform heat exchange with the condensate water. After that, the condensate water may exit the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C through thefirst water outlet 114C and thesecond water outlet 214C. - The first
injection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may also be connected to thedeaerator 100E which may also be connected to theturbine assembly 300E. Thedeaerator 100E may further be connected to the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D. The thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D may be connected in parallel with respect to each other. But the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D together may be connected to thedeaerator 100E and thecorresponding pumping device 70E in series. This configuration may be graphically depicted inFIG. 15 of the drawings. - The water from the
deaerator 100E may be guided to flow into the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D through thethird water inlet 312C and thefourth water inlet 412D. The thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D may also be connected to theturbine assembly 300E so that steam may flow into the thirdheat exchange compartment 311C and the fourthheat exchange compartment 411D through thethird steam inlet 313C and thefourth steam inlet 413D respectively. The water may then go out of the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D through thethird water outlet 314C and thefourth water outlet 414D and may be guided to flow back to thesteam generator 102E for performing another cycle of power generator. - In the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention, the condensate water may undergo two stages of pre-heating process, one of which in the first
injection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C, while the other in the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D. - Referring to
FIG. 17 andFIG. 18A andFIG. 18B of the drawings, a steam power generating system according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The fifth preferred embodiment is similar to the fourth preferred embodiment described above, except the configuration of the various components of the steam power generating system. Moreover, the feedwater preheat arrangement 1F may further comprise a fifthinjection feedwater heater 50E and a sixthinjection feedwater heater 60E. The fifthinjection feedwater heater 50E and the sixthinjection feedwater heater 60E may have identical structure as that of the first through fourthinjection feedwater heater - As shown in
FIG. 18A of the drawings, the fifthinjection feedwater heater 50E may comprise a fifthmain heater body 51E and afifth injection nozzle 52E. The fifthmain heater body 51E may have a fifthheat exchange compartment 511E, afifth water inlet 512E, afifth steam inlet 513E, and afifth water outlet 514E formed on the fifthmain heater body 51E. - The
fifth injection nozzle 52E may be provided in the fifthmain heater body 51E at a position adjacent to thefifth water inlet 512E, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from thecondenser 500F may be arranged to be pumped into the fifthmain heater body 51E through thefifth water inlet 512E. The condensate water passing through thefifth water inlet 512E may be arranged to be injected into the fifthheat exchange compartment 511E through thefifth injection nozzle 52E for creating a negative pressure in the fifthheat exchange compartment 511E. The negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from theturbine assembly 300F to enter the fifthheat exchange compartment 511E through thesteam inlet 513E for mixing with the condensate water. The condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the fifthheat exchange compartment 511E through thefifth water outlet 514E. - The fifth
main heater body 51E may comprise a fifthheat exchanging tube 515E and a fifthwater collection head 516E connected to the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E, wherein thefifth water inlet 512E may be formed on the fifthwater collection head 516E while the fifthheat exchange compartment 511E may be formed in the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E. - The fifth
main heater body 51E may further comprise a fifthwater discharging tube 517E extended from the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E, wherein thefifth water outlet 514E may be formed on the fifthwater discharging tube 517E. Condensate water coming from thecondenser 500F may sequentially pass through thefifth water inlet 512E, the fifthwater collection head 516E, the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E, the fifthwater discharging tube 517E, and thefifth water outlet 514E. - The fifth
water collection head 516E may have a fifthwater collection chamber 5161E. Thefifth water inlet 512E may be formed on the fifthwater collection head 516E and may communicate with the fifthwater collection chamber 5161E. The fifthheat exchanging tube 515E may comprise a fifthexternal tube member 5151E and a fifthinternal tube member 5152E for forming a double wall structure of the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E. Thefifth steam inlet 513E may be formed on the fifthexternal tube member 5151E of the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E. Afifth receiving gap 5153E may be formed between the fifthexternal tube member 5151E and the fifthinternal tube member 5152E. The fifthheat exchange compartment 511E may be formed inside the fifthinternal tube member 5152E. - The fifth
internal tube member 5152E may have a plurality offifth holes 5154E formed thereon for communicating thefifth receiving gap 5153E with the fifthheat exchange compartment 511E. Thus, steam from theturbine 310F may enter the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E through thefifth steam inlet 513E. - The
fifth injection nozzle 52E may be provided between the fifthwater collection head 516E and the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E. Thefifth injection nozzle 52E comprise afifth nozzle base 521E and have a plurality offifth injection holes 522E formed on thefifth nozzle base 521E, wherein thefifth injection holes 522E may communicate the fifthwater collection chamber 5161E with the fifthheat exchange compartment 511E so that water collected in the fifthwater collection chamber 5161E may be injected into the fifthheat exchange compartment 511E through the fifth injection holes 522E. - The fifth
water discharging tube 517E may have afifth guiding portion 5171E, afifth pressurizing portion 5172E, and afifth buffering portion 5173E extended between thefifth guiding portion 5171E and thefifth pressurizing portion 5172E. Thefifth guiding portion 5171E may extend from the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in thefifth guiding portion 5171E. - The
fifth pressurizing portion 5172E may extend from thefifth buffering portion 5173E and may have a diameter gradually increasing from thefifth buffering portion 5173E so that the water passing through thefifth pressurizing portion 5172E may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate. - The fifth
injection feedwater heater 52E may further comprise afifth safety arrangement 54E provided on the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E and reaching theturbine 310E through thefifth steam inlet 513E. - The fifth
main heater body 51E may further comprise a fifthsteam input tube 518E extending from the fifthexternal tube member 5151E, wherein thefifth steam inlet 513E is formed in the fifthsteam input tube 518E. Thefifth safety arrangement 54E may comprise a fifthunidirectional valve 541E mounted in the fifthsteam input tube 518E for preventing water from exiting the fifthheat exchanging tube 515E and reaching theturbine 310F through thefifth steam inlet 513E. - The
fifth safety arrangement 54E may further comprise a fifthelectromagnetic valve 542E mounted on thefifth steam inlet 513E, and a plurality offifth pressure sensors 543E provided in the fifthinternal tube member 5152E and the fifthsteam input tube 518E respectively for measuring the pressure in the fifthinternal tube member 5152E and the fifthsteam input tube 518E respectively. Thefifth pressure sensors 543E may be electrically connected to the fifthelectromagnetic valve 542E so that when thefifth pressure sensors 543E detect that the pressure in the fifthsteam input tube 518E is lower than that of the fifthheat exchange compartment 511E, the fifthelectromagnetic valve 542E may be arranged to turn off thecorresponding pumping device 70F for stopping condensate water from further feeding into the fifthinjection feedwater heater 50E. - As shown in
FIG. 18B of the drawings, the sixthinjection feedwater heater 60E may comprise a sixthmain heater body 61E and asixth injection nozzle 62E. The sixthmain heater body 61E may have a sixthheat exchange compartment 611E, asixth water inlet 612E, asixth steam inlet 613E, and asixth water outlet 614E formed on the sixthmain heater body 61E. - The
sixth injection nozzle 62E may be provided in the sixthmain heater body 61E at a position adjacent to thesixth water inlet 612E, wherein a predetermined amount of the condensate water from thecondenser 500F may be arranged to be pumped into the sixthmain heater body 61E through thesixth water inlet 612E. The condensate water passing through thesixth water inlet 612E may be arranged to be injected into the sixthheat exchange compartment 611E through thesixth injection nozzle 62E for creating a negative pressure in the sixthheat exchange compartment 611E. The negative pressure may then draw a predetermined amount of steam from theturbine assembly 300F to enter the sixthheat exchange compartment 611E through thesteam inlet 613E for mixing with the condensate water. The condensate water may be heated up by the steam which is then condensed into water and arranged to be discharged out of the sixthheat exchange compartment 611E through thesixth water outlet 614E. - The sixth
main heater body 61E may comprise a sixthheat exchanging tube 615E and a sixthwater collection head 616E connected to the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E, wherein thesixth water inlet 612E may be formed on the sixthwater collection head 616E while the sixthheat exchange compartment 611E may be formed in the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E. - The sixth
main heater body 61E may further comprise a sixthwater discharging tube 617E extended from the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E, wherein thesixth water outlet 614E may be formed on the sixthwater discharging tube 617E. Condensate water coming from thecondenser 500F may sequentially pass through thesixth water inlet 612E, the sixthwater collection head 616E, the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E, the sixthwater discharging tube 617E, and thesixth water outlet 614E. - The sixth
water collection head 616E may have a sixthwater collection chamber 6161E. Thesixth water inlet 612E may be formed on the sixthwater collection head 616E and may communicate with the sixthwater collection chamber 6161E. The sixthheat exchanging tube 615E may comprise a sixthexternal tube member 6151E and a sixthinternal tube member 6152E for forming a double wall structure of the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E. Thesixth steam inlet 613E may be formed on the sixthexternal tube member 6151E of the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E. Asixth receiving gap 6153E may be formed between the sixthexternal tube member 6151E and the sixthinternal tube member 6152E. The sixthheat exchange compartment 611E may be formed inside the sixthinternal tube member 6152E. - The sixth internal tube member 6152D may have a plurality of
sixth holes 6154E formed thereon for communicating thesixth receiving gap 6153E with the sixthheat exchange compartment 611E. Thus, steam from theturbine 310F may enter the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E through thesixth steam inlet 613E. - The
sixth injection nozzle 62E may be provided between the sixthwater collection head 616E and the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E. Thesixth injection nozzle 62E comprise asixth nozzle base 621E and have a plurality ofsixth injection holes 622E formed on thesixth nozzle base 621E, wherein thesixth injection holes 622E may communicate the sixthwater collection chamber 6161E with the sixthheat exchange compartment 611E so that water collected in the sixthwater collection chamber 6161E may be injected into the sixthheat exchange compartment 611E through the sixth injection holes 622E. - The sixth
water discharging tube 617E may have asixth guiding portion 6171E, asixth pressurizing portion 6172E, and asixth buffering portion 6173E extended between thesixth guiding portion 6171E and thesixth pressurizing portion 6172E. Thesixth guiding portion 6171E may extend from the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E and may have a diameter gradually decreasing from the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E so as to form a tapered cross-section shape for collecting and guiding water flow in thesixth guiding portion 6171E. - The
sixth pressurizing portion 6172E may extend from thesixth buffering portion 6173E and may have a diameter gradually increasing from thesixth buffering portion 6173E so that the water passing through thesixth pressurizing portion 6172E may have increasing pressure but decreasing flow rate. - The sixth
injection feedwater heater 62E may further comprise asixth safety arrangement 64E provided on the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E for preventing fluid, such as condensate water, from exiting the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E and reaching theturbine 310F through thesixth steam inlet 613E. - The sixth
main heater body 61E may further comprise a sixthsteam input tube 618E extending from the sixthexternal tube member 6151E, wherein thesixth steam inlet 613E is formed in the sixthsteam input tube 618E. Thesixth safety arrangement 64E may comprise a sixthunidirectional valve 641E mounted in the sixthsteam input tube 618E for preventing water from exiting the sixthheat exchanging tube 615E and reaching theturbine 310F through thesixth steam inlet 613E. - The
sixth safety arrangement 64E may further comprise a sixthelectromagnetic valve 642E mounted on thesixth steam inlet 613E, and a plurality ofsixth pressure sensors 643E provided in the sixthinternal tube member 6152E and the sixthsteam input tube 618E respectively for measuring the pressure in the sixthinternal tube member 6152E and the sixthsteam input tube 618E respectively. Thesixth pressure sensors 643E may be electrically connected to the sixthelectromagnetic valve 642E so that when thesixth pressure sensors 643E detect that the pressure in the sixthsteam input tube 618E is lower than that of the sixthheat exchange compartment 611E, the sixthelectromagnetic valve 642E may be arranged to turn off thecorresponding pumping device 70F for stopping condensate water from further feeding into the sixthinjection feedwater heater 60E. - Referring to
FIG. 17 of the drawings, in this fifth preferred embodiment, the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may be connected in parallel with each other. The steam power generating system may comprise twodeaerators 100F and threepumping devices 70F. The firstinjection feedwater heater 10C may connect to one of thedeaerators 100F which may then connect to one of thepumping devices 70F and the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C in series. Moreover, the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C may be connected to the fifthinjection feedwater heater 50E in series. - On the other hand, the second
injection feedwater heater 20C may connect to another of thedeaerators 100F which may then connect to another of thepumping devices 70F and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D in series. Moreover, the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D may be connected to the sixthinjection feedwater heater 60E in series. Each of the first through sixthinjection feedwater heater turbine assembly 300F. - Superheated steam may be generated in the
steam generator 102F. The superheated steam may be guided to flow into theturbine assembly 300F comprising at least oneturbine 310F. Theturbine assembly 300F may also be connected to anelectric generator 400F and acondenser 500F. The steam from theturbine assembly 300F may be guided to flow through thecondenser 500F which may condense the steam into condensate water. Thecondenser 500F may be connected to apumping device 70F and the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C. Note that the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may be connected in parallel with respect to each other, while the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may be connected in series with thecondenser 500F and thepumping device 70F. This configuration is graphically depicted inFIG. 17 of the drawings. - The condensate water from the
condenser 500F may be pumped to the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C at the same time through thefirst water inlet 112C and thesecond water inlet 212C respectively. Steam from theturbine assembly 300F may be fed into the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C through thefirst steam inlet 113C and thesecond steam inlet 213C respectively to perform heat exchange with the condensate water. After that, the condensate water may exit the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C through thefirst water outlet 114C and thesecond water outlet 214C. - As mentioned above, the first
injection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may also be connected to two deaerator 100F respectively. Each of thedeaerator 100F may be connected to theturbine assembly 300F for acquiring steam from at least one of theturbine 310F. The water coming out from the firstinjection feedwater heater 10C and the secondinjection feedwater heater 20C may enter the two deaerator 100F respectively. After that, water from the twodeaerator 100F may be guided to flow into the thirdinjection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D respectively through twopumping devices 70F for further absorbing heat. - The water may then flow out of the third
injection feedwater heater 30C and the fourthinjection feedwater heater 40D and may be guided to flow into the fifthinjection feedwater heater 50E and the sixthinjection feedwater heater 60E respectively. The water in the fifthinjection feedwater heater 50E and the sixthinjection feedwater heater 60E may further absorb heat from the steam of theturbine 310F. Finally, the condensate water from the fifthinjection feedwater heater 50E and the sixthinjection feedwater heater 60E may exit through the fifth water outlet and thesixth water outlet steam generator 102F. - Note that in this fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention, condensate water from the
condenser 500F may undergo three stages of pre-heating before going back to thesteam generator 102F. The three stages of pre-heating may be accomplished by the first and the secondinjection feedwater heater injection feedwater heater injection feedwater heater - The present invention, while illustrated and described in terms of a preferred embodiment and several alternatives, is not limited to the particular description contained in this specification. Additional alternative or equivalent components could also be used to practice the present invention.
Claims (24)
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