US2019822A - Loom heddle and method of making the same - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 5, 1935.

J. J. KAUFMANN LOOM HEDDLE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed July 24, 1954 Patented Nov. 5, 1935 UNITED STATES LOOM HEDDLE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME John Jacob Kaufmann, Elkins Park, Pa., assignor to Steel Heddle Manufacturing Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application July 24, 1934, Serial No. 736,650

12 Claims. (Cl. 139-94) My invention relatesto loom heddles and methods of making the same, and relates more particularly to heddles used for weaving heavy fabrics such as duck, although it should of course 5 be understood that a heddle made in accordance with my present invention, and in the manner hereinafter set forth, may, if desired, be used for other types of weaving.

Heretofore, in the weaving of heavy fabrics 10 such as duck, the weight of the harness used for manipulating the warp thereof has been quite objectionable.

When such heddles are made of a continuous 1 strip of material, it is necessary, in order to re- 15 duce the weight, to shear or cut out the side portions of the strip between the warp eye and the eyes provided for mounting the heddle on the supporting rods. This is an expensive and diflicult operation, and of course entails a consid- 20 erable waste of the material from which the heddles are formed. 3,

In other types, the heddles have been made of round wire throughout, but when so made difliculty has been experienced in attempts to obtain 25 satisfactory forms of warp eyes.

Various attempts have also been made to construct heddles of composite parts soldered or otherwise secured to each other, but the soldering of the various parts is a difficult and rela- 30 tively expensive operation, and the heddles made in this manner would frequently come apart, when in use, at the places where they were soldered, as it is not possible to determine the weakness of the joints upon a mere inspection.

5 The principal object of the present invention is to provide a heddle of the composite type which may be readily and expeditiously made and assembled, which will be so constructed and arranged that the parts will be securely held together without dependence being placed upon solder or the like for the securing means.

A further object of my invention is to provide a heddle of the character aforesaid having the requisite strength, in which the warp eye may be 5 properly shaped for ease of manipulation and for resistance to the wear occasioned by the constant pasing of the warp therethrough.

A further object of my invention is to provide a heddle of the character aforesaid, which may 50 be economically produced.

The nature and characteristic features of my invention will be morereadily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming part hereof, in'which:

Figure l is an elevational view of a preferred form of heddle embodying the main features of my present invention and made according, to the method thereof, the face shown being that looking transversely to the longitudinal extension of 5 the warp;

Fig: 2 is an edge elevation thereof;

Fig. '3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, illustrating a modified form of heddle;

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are elevational views illustrating successive steps in the uniting of the warp eye member to the portions of the heddle which extend therefrom;

Fig. 7 is a face view, enlarged, of one of the warp eye members, detached;

Fig. 8 is a side elevation thereof;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail view, in front elevation, of one end of the wire to be attached to the warp eye member;

I Fig. 10 is a side elevation thereof;

Fig. 11 is a transverse section, taken on the line |l--|l of Fig. 10, still further enlarged; and

Fig. 12 is a transverse section taken on the line l2-I2 of Fig. 2, also greatly enlarged.

It will, of course, be understood that the description and drawing herein contained are illustrative merely, and that various modifications and changes may be made in the structure disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Referring to the drawing, in the particular embodiment of my invention therein shown, the warp eye member I5 is preferably punched and formed from a fiat strip or sheet of metal, this member being of approximately elliptical outline, 5 and having a central eye It for the passage of the warp.

Each end of the warp eye members I5 is provided with a slot IT, in which the end of a wire I8, forming the adjacent portion of the heddle,

is positioned and held, as hereinafter more fully set forth. Each slot ll is preferably of a peculiar dovetail shape, the side margins of said slot being parallel for a portion of their length, adjacent the outer end, and the inner end of said slot being widened to form the dovetail hereinbefore referred to.

The side portions IQ of the warp eye member I5, adjacent the central warp eye it, are preferably bent out of the main plane of theeye member I5, as shown in Fig. 8 of the drawing, although this is not essential, and if desired the warp eye member l5 may be left flat throughout.

The ends of the wires l8 which are to engage the warp eye member l5 are shaped as shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 11 of the drawing, so as to provide a portion indented on both sides, as at 20, to a thickness corresponding to the width of the slot H where the margins thereof are parallel. In the ends of the wires l8, on each side of the indentations 26, there are provided ridges 2 l, which extend out over the faces of the warp eye member l5 when the indented portion 28 of the end of the wire is inserted in the slot ll of said warp eye member.

In making the heddle, after the parts are shaped as aforesaid (see Figs. 4, 7, 9, and the ends of the wires I8 are brought to engagement with the dovetail slots [1 (see Fig. 5), and the alinement of these two parts will bemaintained by the engagement of the parallel side portions of the slot I! with the indentations 20 of the wires l8.

While the parts are so positioned, pressure is exerted on the end portions of the wires I8 by means of a suitable: press, which will cause the metal at the ends of said wires to 'fill out the dovetailed inner ends of the slots ii, and at the same time cause the overlapping side portions 2| of the wires to be spread still further over the respective side faces of the warp eye member 15, adjacent the slots [1, and in intimate contact with said faces. After this operation has been performed, the warp eye member IE will be securely attached to the ends of the wires I8 (see Fig. 6)

In the form of heddle shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing, the eyes at the ends of the heddle, for mounting the same on the supporting rods, may be formed by providing members 22 which are punched and formed from fiat metal, each having a central slot 23 constituting the eye through which a heddle supporting rod extends when the heddles are mounted in the loom.

Each of the eye members 22 in this form is provided at its inner end with a slot which is similar in conformation to the slots II, hereinbefore described, which are provided at the ends of the warp eye member IS. The end of the Wire I8 is positioned and secured in the slot at the end of the member 22in the same manner as it is positioned and secured' in the slot I! in the central warp eye member l5 and hence need not be further described in detail.

In the form of heddle shown in Fig.3 of the drawing, the eyes for mounting 'the heddles on the supporting rods are formed by integrally continuing the wire I8 and bending the same to form a fiat loop 22 as shown.

The wire I 8, from which the portions of the heddle extending from the warp eye member are formed, is preferably round in cross-section, but it will be noted that, by reason of the method of construction employed, it is not necessary to impart any twist to this wire in order to secure the usual angular relationship of the warp eye member IS with respect to the portions of the heddle through which the heddle supporting rods extend. Thus any desired angular position of the warp eye member l5 with respect to the eye portions at the ends of the heddle may be readily and accurately obtained, resulting in uniformity of the product. Consequently,'the warp eye members I5 in a series of heddles in a frame will nest properly with respect to each other.

After the heddles are constructed as aforesaid, the same are preferably dipped in a solder bath, so that the surfaces of the heddle parts will be given a protective coating (not shown). The

solder thus applied will permeate any interstices which may be left in the formation of the heddles, and will also serve to provide smooth surfaces where the several parts are joined to each other. 5

A heddle constructed as aforesaid will be relatively light, yet of sufiicient strength for its desired purpose, and will be characterized by freedom in the action of the warp when the harness is manipulated to form successive sheds. The 10 Warp eye member [5 may be so shaped as to guide the warp ends controlled by adjacent frames past the warp eyes without any objectionable interference.

I claim: 15

1. A loom heddle having an eye portion, said eye portion comprising a member having an eye and also having a dovetail slot at one end, and a portion adjacent the eye member comprising a single strand of wire, an end portion of the wire extending into and filling said slot.

2. A loom heddle having an eye portion, said eye portion comprising a member having an eye and also having a dovetail slot at one end, and a portion adjacent the eye member comprising a single strand of wire, an end portion of the wire extending into and filling said slot, and a part of said end portion extending over the side faces of the eye member adjacent the slot.

3. A loom heddle having a central warp eye portion and eye portions at the ends thereof for mounting the heddle upon the supporting rods, the warp eye portion comprising a member having a central warp eye and a dovetail slot at each end, each of the end eye portions comprising a as member having an eye and a dovetail slot at one end, and portions extending from the warp eye member to the end eye portions each comprising a single strand of wire, each end portion of each Wire extending into and filling one of said slots. 4,0

4. A loom heddle having a central warp eye portion and eye portions at the ends thereof for mounting the heddle upon the supporting rods, the Warp eye portion comprising a member having a central warp eye and a dovetail slot at each' end, each of the end eye portions comprising a member having an eye and a dovetail slot at one end, and portions extending from the warp eye member to the end eye portions each comprising a single strand of wire, each end portion of each wire extending into and filling one of said slots, and a part of said end portion extending over the side faces of the eye member adjacent the slot.

5. A loom heddle having a central warp eye portion comprising a member having a central warp eye and dovetail slots at the ends, and each of the portions of the heddle adjacent the warp eye member comprising a single strand of wire, an end portion of each Wire extending into and filling one of said slots.

6. A loom heddle having a central warp eye portion comprising a member having a central warp eye and dovetail slots at the ends, and each of the portions of the heddle adjacent the warp eye member comprising a single strand of wire, an end portion of each wire extending into and filling one of said slots, and a part of said end portion extending over the side faces of the eye member adjacent the slot.

7. A loom heddle having a central warp eye portion comprising a member having a central warp eye and dovetail slots at the ends. and, each of the portions of the heddle adjacent the warp eye member comprising a single strand of Wire, an end portion of each wire extending into. and

filling one of said slots, and a part of said end portion extending over and in intimate contact with the side faces of the eye member adjacent the slot.

8. A loom heddle having eye portions at the ends thereof for mounting the heddle upon the supporting rods, each of said end eye portions comprising a member having an eye and a dovetail slot at one end, and each of the portions of the heddle adjacent the end eye portion comprising a single strand of wire, an end portion of each wire extending into and filling said slot.

9. In the manufacture of loom heddles, the method which consists in forming an eye member with a dovetail slot, then inserting an end portion of a wire in the slot of the eye member, and thereafter deforming the inserted end of the wire to cause the metal thereof to fill the slot.

10. In the manufacture of loom heddles, the method which consists in forming an eye member with a dovetail slot, shaping the end of a wire to provide a reduced portion thereof of a thickness corresponding to the width of the narrow portion of the slot in the eye member, then inserting the shaped end portion of the wire in the slot of the eye member, and thereafter deforming the inserted end of the wire to cause the metal thereof to fill the slot and to cause portions of the wire to be spread over and forced into intimate contact with the side faces of the eye member adjacent the slot.

11. In the manufacture of loom heddles, the method which consists in forming a warp eye member with a central warp eye and a dovetail slot at each end, then inserting end portions of wires in the slots of the eye member, and thereafter deforming the inserted end of each wire to cause the metal thereof to fill the slot in which it is inserted.

12. In the manufacture of loom heddles, the method which consists in forming a warp eye member with a central warp eye and a dovetail slot at each end, shaping the ends of wires to provide at an end of each wire a portion thereof of a thickness corresponding to the width of the narrow portions of the slots in the eye member, then inserting the shaped end portions of the wires in the slots of the eye member, and there- .after deforming the inserted end of each wire to

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