US20190194550A1 - Treatment Method for Reducing Contaminating Agents in Liquid Mixtures of Substituted Hydrocarbons Used as Fuels - Google Patents
Treatment Method for Reducing Contaminating Agents in Liquid Mixtures of Substituted Hydrocarbons Used as Fuels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20190194550A1 US20190194550A1 US16/328,185 US201616328185A US2019194550A1 US 20190194550 A1 US20190194550 A1 US 20190194550A1 US 201616328185 A US201616328185 A US 201616328185A US 2019194550 A1 US2019194550 A1 US 2019194550A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuels
- fuel
- hydrocarbons used
- hydrocarbons
- treatment method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/16—Metal oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
The claimed method is a treatment for reducing polluting agents in liquid mixtures of substituted hydrocarbons used as fuels, using a supersaturated ferrous oxide mixture blended with the hydrocarbons, and then both mixtures separated by decantation.
Description
- Heterogeneous catalysis of hydrocarbons, refinement.
- Liquid hydrocarbons used as fuel, such as gasoline, gas oil or diesel, jet fuel, or kerosene, are toxic and highly flammable. Vapors produced by their evaporation and substances created when burnt, such as carbon monoxide, nitrous oxides, non-burnt hydrocarbons, etc., contribute to air pollution. Also, burning these fuels additionally produces carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas directly related to global climate change.
- Concerned for environment pollution, governments have passed legislation aimed to reduce pollutants from hydrocarbons used as fuels. Currently there is a need for more efficient refining methods. Prior art processes for the desulfurization of hydrocarbon fractions containing organic sulfur compounds impurities are well known.
- The prior art teaches a number of alternative gasoline and diesel refining processes, such as direct absorption methods (U.S. Pat. No. 4,830,733A, NAGI et al., 1989), bio-processing methods (U.S. Pat. No. 5,910,440A, GROSSMAN et al., 1999), selective oxidation methods (U.S. Pat. No. 3,341,448A, FORD et al., 1967), and zeolites catalyzing methods (MAXWELL, I. E.; STORK, W. H. J. Hydrocarbon processing with zeolites. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 2001, vol. 137, p. 747-819).
- However, all prior art methods have inconveniences. For example, many of such methods can desulfurize only hydrocarbons, but fail to reduce benzenes and harmful aromatic compounds. Additionally, in practice, these methods usually involve high costs that hinder their continuous use.
- Although prior art refinement removes some polluting components, the resulting fuel loses effectiveness as such compounds help in its combustion.
- Therefore, a refining and catalyzing method that removes polluting agents and provides performance benefits at a reasonable cost is required.
- This invention pertains to a method of refining and catalyzing liquid hydrocarbons used as fuel that eliminates sulfur, aromatic compounds, benzenes, xylenes, toluenes, in addition to oxidizing available octanes to act as an oxidizer during the hydrocarbon combustion processes, which provides better burning and greater energy availability for industrial fuel uses.
- The disclosed method is applicable to mixed fuels in the final stage of hydrocarbon refining, i.e., fuels that, in current state of the art, are used as final products available for sale to consumers.
- The disclosed method comprises mixing small solid ferrous oxide particles with water vapor until a heterogeneous mixture is achieved. This heterogeneous mixture is then poured into a container with substituted hydrocarbons used as fuel, and is combined and mixed constantly for a few minutes.
- The result is fuel with a lower hydrocarbon count. In gasoline, cyclic hydrocarbons count is lower, and in diesel and jet fuel lineal hydrocarbon count is reduced.
- The chemical reaction is not fully understood at the time of filing this application. Some studies (HAMADA, Hideaki, et al. Role of supported metals in the selective reduction of nitrogen monoxide with hydrocarbons over metal/alumina catalysts. Catalysis today, 1996, vol. 29, no 1, p. 53-57) teach that ferrous oxide particles catalyze propene oxidation with dioxygen.
- Hence, an emulsion is produced which hydrocarbon refining properties are indisputable, as may be seen in the experimental evidence presented in the figures of this technical document.
- Hydrocarbons used in commerce as fuel carry high concentrations of sulfur, aromatic compounds, benzenes, xylenes, toluenes, and others. Burning these fuels in internal combustion engines is not efficient enough to burn all of these compounds, so they are released into the atmosphere.
- A treatment method for reducing polluting agents in liquid substituted hydrocarbons used as fuel is disclosed comprising blending a heterogeneous mixture of ferrous oxide in water with said fuel, mixing or constantly combining the solution, allowing the mixture to settle, and removing the aqueous solution of ferrous oxide and water by decanting.
- The fuel obtained as a result of applying the disclosed method contains a lower count of polluting compounds containing sulfur, aromatic compounds, benzenes, xylenes, toluenes, and others. Additionally, it increases fuel burning efficiency because, during the chemical reaction, hydrocarbons gain additional oxygen atoms that help as an oxidizer.
- Disclosed embodiments and their advantages may be better understood making joint reference to the following description and attached figures. These figures do not limit in any way the disclosed compound's advantageous effects of its physicochemical interactions as catalyzer and refiner that a person having ordinary skill in the art may find, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosed embodiments. All figures are graphics resulting from the analysis of the aforementioned hydrocarbon, performed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) with MS Perkin Elmer Clarus 580 MS Clarus SQ 85, column Perkin Elmer Elite 5 MS 30 m×0.32 mm DI 0.25 μm, and dichloromethane HPLC grade as control solvent, with an injector temperature of 250° C., column temperature 50° C./12 min, of 6° C./1 min, and 120° C./10 min, with an injection volume of 2 μl, and a mobile Helium phase of 0-8 ml/min. These MS conditions were performed with ionization energy of 70 eV, a transfer temperature of 180° C., and a ionization source temperature of 200° C.
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FIG. 1 is the graphic result of the GC-FID analysis of a commercially available diesel sample, in which the X axis shows minutes lapsed, and the Y axis shows voltage in mV. -
FIG. 2 is the graphic result of the GC-FID analysis of a commercially available diesel sample, treated with the claimed compound and method, in which the X axis shows minutes lapsed, and the Y axis shows voltage in mV, and the hydrocarbon reduction is appreciated. -
FIG. 3 is the graphic result of the GC-FID analysis of a commercially available gasoline sample, in which the X axis shows minutes lapsed, and Y axis shows voltage in V. -
FIG. 4 is the graphic result of the GC-FID analysis of a commercially available gasoline sample, treated with the claimed compound and method, in which the X axis shows minutes lapsed, and the Y axis shows voltage in mV, and the hydrocarbon reduction is appreciated. -
FIG. 5 is the graphic result of the GC-FID analysis of a commercially available jet fuel sample, in which the X axis shows minutes lapsed, and Y axis shows voltage in mV. -
FIG. 6 is the graphic result of the GC-FID analysis of a commercially available jet fuel sample, treated with the claimed compound and method, in which the X axis shows minutes lapsed, and Y axis shows voltage in mV, and the hydrocarbon reduction is appreciated. - There is a pressing need for a method that reduces pollutant agents in liquid substituted hydrocarbon mixtures used as fuels. The prior art teaches a number of refining steps to convert crude oil into industrially usable fuels. However, these fuels still have sulfur compounds, aromatic compounds, benzenes, xylenes, benzenes, toluenes, and others that do not burn properly when used. Accordingly, a better refining method is necessary to reduce the contaminating effects of fuels.
- The process is achieved by supersaturating ferrous oxide in water. The ferrous oxide supersaturation process has been described by (MARTIN, Scot T. Precipitation and dissolution of iron and manganese oxides. Environmental Catalysis, 2005, p. 61-81). This supersaturated solution serves as catalyzer for refining fuel.
- The supersaturated ferrous oxide solution is mixed with the fuel. It is well known that the ferrous oxide supersaturated solution may be used in a proportion of up to 70% of said solution against 30% fuel. However, in the preferred embodiment, the mixture is done with 10% solution to 90% fuel (e.g., 100 liters of supersaturated ferrous oxide solution for each 1,000 liters of fuel to be refined).
- The supersaturated solution must be mixed by constant fluid blending, either by agitation, fluid recirculation, or barometric variation. In the preferred embodiment, 1 liter of this mixture must be mixed for at least one minute.
- The result of said mixing is a reduction of hydrocarbons in the final fuel.
FIG. 1 shows a graphic result of gas chromatography of a commercially available diesel sample. The first spike belongs to the dichloromethane used as control solvent.FIG. 2 shows a graphic result of gas chromatography of a commercially available diesel after treatment with the claimed method. As can be seen in accordance with the retention time shown inFIG. 2 , the amount of linear hydrocarbons has decreased, which demonstrates the refining capabilities of the method. -
FIG. 3 shows the graphic result of gas chromatography of a commercially available gasoline sample. The first spike belongs to the dichloromethane used as control solvent.FIG. 4 shows the graphic result of gas chromatography of the same commercially available gasoline sample after being treated with the claimed method. It will be appreciated that the quantity of cyclic hydrocarbons has also decreased. -
FIG. 5 corresponds to the analysis of commercially available jet fuel, andFIG. 6 corresponds to the analysis of the same jet fuel after being treated with the claimed method. The results are similar to those of diesel and gasoline. - This method is applicable to any industry in which fuel is used and there is a desire to reduce polluting combustion byproducts and improve fuel efficiency.
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- PTL 1: U.S. Pat. No. 4,830,733A, NAGI et al., 1989
- PTL 2: U.S. Pat. No. 5,910,440A, GROSSMAN et al., 1999
- PTL 3: U.S. Pat. No. 3,341,448A, FORD et al., 1967
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- NPL 1: MAXWELL, I. E.; STORK, W. H. J. Hydrocarbon processing with zeolites. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 2001, vol. 137, p. 747-819.
- NPL 2: HAMADA, Hideaki, et al. Role of supported metals in selective reduction of nitrogen monoxide with hydrocarbons over metal/alumina catalysts. Catalysis today, 1996, vol. 29, no 1, p. 53-57.
- NPL 3: MARTIN, Scot T. Precipitation and dissolution of iron and manganese oxides. Environmental Catalysis, 2005, p. 61-81.
Claims (1)
1. Method for refining hydrocarbons used as fuels, wherein the method comprises;
supersaturating ferrous oxide in water;
mixing the supersaturated solution with liquid hydrocarbons used as fuel;
combining the mixture until a homogeneous mixture is achieved;
allowing the mixture to be decanted by mass difference; and
separating the supersaturated solution from the liquid hydrocarbons.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2016/055210 WO2017093816A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Treatment method for reducing contaminating agents in liquid mixtures of substituted hydrocarbons used as fuels |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2016/055210 A-371-Of-International WO2017093816A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Treatment method for reducing contaminating agents in liquid mixtures of substituted hydrocarbons used as fuels |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US15/929,274 Continuation US20200318017A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2020-04-21 | Treatment Method for Reducing Contaminating Agents in Liquid Mixtures of Substituted Hydrocarbons Used as Fuels |
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US20190194550A1 true US20190194550A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
Family
ID=58796394
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US16/328,185 Abandoned US20190194550A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Treatment Method for Reducing Contaminating Agents in Liquid Mixtures of Substituted Hydrocarbons Used as Fuels |
US15/929,274 Abandoned US20200318017A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2020-04-21 | Treatment Method for Reducing Contaminating Agents in Liquid Mixtures of Substituted Hydrocarbons Used as Fuels |
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US15/929,274 Abandoned US20200318017A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2020-04-21 | Treatment Method for Reducing Contaminating Agents in Liquid Mixtures of Substituted Hydrocarbons Used as Fuels |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20190194550A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3508558A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110234741A (en) |
CO (1) | CO2019002973A2 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2019002220A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2717834C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017093816A1 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040108252A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-06-10 | Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras | Process for the upgrading of raw hydrocarbon streams |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4811321B1 (en) * | 1967-02-16 | 1973-04-12 | ||
RU2159666C1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2000-11-27 | Дыкман Аркадий Самуилович | Method of cleaning industrial gas emissions |
US7309416B2 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2007-12-18 | Aspen Products Group, Inc. | Methods and compositions for desulfurization of hydrocarbon fuels |
CN101067100B (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2011-05-18 | 毕舒 | Clean green fuel and its preparation process |
TWI414592B (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2013-11-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Method for refining oil |
-
2016
- 2016-08-31 CN CN201680090578.8A patent/CN110234741A/en active Pending
- 2016-08-31 EP EP16870059.9A patent/EP3508558A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-08-31 MX MX2019002220A patent/MX2019002220A/en unknown
- 2016-08-31 US US16/328,185 patent/US20190194550A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-08-31 WO PCT/IB2016/055210 patent/WO2017093816A1/en unknown
- 2016-08-31 RU RU2019109240A patent/RU2717834C1/en active
-
2019
- 2019-03-27 CO CONC2019/0002973A patent/CO2019002973A2/en unknown
-
2020
- 2020-04-21 US US15/929,274 patent/US20200318017A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040108252A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-06-10 | Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras | Process for the upgrading of raw hydrocarbon streams |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2717834C1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
WO2017093816A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
US20200318017A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
CN110234741A (en) | 2019-09-13 |
EP3508558A4 (en) | 2020-04-01 |
MX2019002220A (en) | 2019-09-23 |
EP3508558A1 (en) | 2019-07-10 |
CO2019002973A2 (en) | 2019-08-30 |
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