US20190128567A1 - Method and apparatus for repurposing well sites for geothermal energy production - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for repurposing well sites for geothermal energy production Download PDF

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Publication number
US20190128567A1
US20190128567A1 US16/121,712 US201816121712A US2019128567A1 US 20190128567 A1 US20190128567 A1 US 20190128567A1 US 201816121712 A US201816121712 A US 201816121712A US 2019128567 A1 US2019128567 A1 US 2019128567A1
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set forth
well
power generation
generation apparatus
further including
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John Redfern
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Eavor Technologies Inc
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Eavor Technologies Inc
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Priority to US16/121,712 priority Critical patent/US20190128567A1/en
Assigned to EAVOR TECHNOLOGIES INC. reassignment EAVOR TECHNOLOGIES INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: REDFERN, JOHN, MR
Publication of US20190128567A1 publication Critical patent/US20190128567A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • F24T10/13—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground using tube assemblies suitable for insertion into boreholes in the ground, e.g. geothermal probes
    • F24T10/15—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground using tube assemblies suitable for insertion into boreholes in the ground, e.g. geothermal probes using bent tubes; using tubes assembled with connectors or with return headers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/20—Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluid; using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T2010/50—Component parts, details or accessories
    • F24T2010/53—Methods for installation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for repurposing well sites in an economical and environmentally responsible manner.
  • geothermal energy is well known and have been the subject matter of many publications and patents.
  • the general concept is to drill into a formation to extract heat therefrom and return the generated steam and water to the surface where the steam drives, for example, a power generating device. From an environmental point of view, this requires invasive operations which ultimately affect the landscape of an area scheduled for geothermal development.
  • the geothermal gradient is generally defined as the rate of temperature increase relative to increasing depth in the interior of the Earth. Quantitatively, this represents approximately 25° C. for
  • U.S. Pat. No. 8,375,716, issued Feb. 19, 2013, to Ramaswamy et al. discloses an electrical generating power method and apparatus for sub-sea purposes and incorporates an organic Rankin cycle positioned within a pressure vessel. This forms a series of connected vessels positioned adjacent, on or in the sea floor. Fluid is circulated through the vessels in order to generate mechanical shaft power which is subsequently converted to electrical power.
  • WellStar Energy in a press release dated Dec. 1, 2016 briefly touches on the possibility of incorporating unused wells with a geothermal loop for energy recovery, however no specific details are mentioned in this regard or for interconnection of wells for thermal management.
  • Chevron in an undated video disclosure, taught gas well interconnection at the Congo River Canyon Crossing Pipeline Project. An interconnecting pipeline was run from one side of the river to the other for supplying gas. Again, this was a specific use for well interconnection. Well recycle and interconnection in a geothermal loop was not discussed.
  • GreenFire Energy in an article dated 2017, discuss a looped geothermal energy recovery system. Rather than using preexisting gas/oil wells for repurposing, new wells are drilled. This does nothing to control improperly maintained unused wells and in fact may contribute to new problems. The disclosure is silent on techniques used to effect the loop and further does not contemplate clustering and consolidation necessary for maximum efficiency.
  • the present invention overcomes these difficulties and has for one of its objects the provision of an improved geothermal power generation system in which the water obtaining heat from the hot rock strata does not become contaminated so that it can be recycled, does not require chemical treatment beyond that used in standard boiler water treatment, and is economical in the amount of water used.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of an improved geothermal power generation system in which the turbine turning a generator or other mechanism that is to be powered by the steam needed not be located near the input well that is used to receive water into the ground and can be at a location remote from that well.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of an improved geothermal power generation system in which the system is more efficient.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of an improved geothermal power generation system in which the system is easy to install because the wells can be drilled by horizontal well drilling techniques in common use in the oil industry.
  • the improved geothermal power generation system is simple to use.
  • Another object of the present invention is that the system is maintained without withdrawing water from the strata so that the pressure in the strata is maintained.”
  • FIG. 1 A variation of the system described above is shown Figure. All of the elements of the System shown in FIG. 1 are present. The same results are accomplished with a single vertical well and one or more horizontal wells. The water is returned to the horizontal reach of the well with a tubing that extends down the casing and discharges at the end of the casing. The water is converted to steam as it flows back out the single well and hence to the turbine. In either embodiment, the treated water may be at either end of the hot water leg or distributed along all or part of the hot water leg. In the drawing, it will be understood that there be one or more hot legs. The hot legs may all operate at the same time or they may be used in sequence with one hot leg in operation while the other legs are heating up until the other legs are ready and are sequentially put into service.”
  • a novel aspect of this embodiment is the opportunity it affords to use a wide variety of potential fluids as the production fluid as well as the ability to rapidly and easily change production fluids as subterranean temperatures change or as conditions in the power plant change.
  • the user has the option to use fluids or gasses other than water as production fluids in order to optimize the thermal properties of the production fluid to the local thermal conditions of the earth's subsurface, and the thermal requirements of the power plant.
  • fluids or gasses other than water other than water
  • the thermal properties of the production fluid to the local thermal conditions of the earth's subsurface, and the thermal requirements of the power plant.
  • supercritical fluids U.S. Pat. No. 6,668,554 by D. W Brown, 2003
  • any hydrocarbon or refrigerant as the production fluid to feed a power plant.
  • the present invention uniquely correlates the thermodynamic parameters requisite to efficiently recover geothermal energy, mitigate poorly maintained wells and produce power.
  • One object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an improved method and apparatus suitable for improving the efficiency and economics of unused wells.
  • a further object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a geothermal method, comprising:
  • This circuit allows for waste heat to be more purposefully used as a preheat treatment for the feed stream that is reinjected into the system. This has energetic ramifications for power generation apparatus and contributes to a reduction in capital expenditures.
  • a further object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method of repurposing an oilfield having preexisting production wells and injection wells in spaced relation in a formation to capture heat energy, comprising:
  • first node having a production well and a first injection well in fluid communication with a power generation apparatus
  • second node having a production well and a second injection well in fluid communication with a power generation apparatus in spaced relation to the first node
  • connecting the first node and the second node in a subterranean horizontal connection
  • circulating heated output fluid from the power generation apparatus of the first node to an input of the power generation apparatus of the second node with a subterranean connection.
  • this technology provides an opportunity for well abandonment cost mitigation for the government and oil industry.
  • the environmental impact is minimized.
  • Yet another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an energy production method, comprising:
  • yet another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a geothermal location having a pair of wells, each having an injection well for receiving a heat recovery fluid and a production well and power generation means, the improvement comprising:
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of daisy chained wells in a first embodiment
  • FIG. 1A is an enlarged view of the multilateral arrangement of conduits employed in the arrangement
  • FIG. 1B is a view similar to FIG. 1A illustrating the annular pattern of the conduits in the multilateral arrangement and the spaced relation between individual conduits.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the power generation apparatus as disposed between the inlet of one well and the output of an adjacent well;
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of two daisy chained well loops integrated
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of yet another embodiment of the invention.
  • each surface location generally denoted by numeral 12
  • each surface location includes an injection well 14 connected to a lateral well conduit 16 and production well 18 .
  • the continuous well structure subscribes to a generally U shaped structure, best referenced in FIG. 1B .
  • each location 12 is discrete and linked to proximal locations in an elegant and advantageous manner.
  • the distance between locations may be 3,500 meters. This will, of course, vary from one situation to another.
  • Reference to FIG. 1B delineates linkage specification.
  • numeral 20 is representative of the power generation apparatus. Selections for the apparatus 20 will be discussed herein after, however for purposes of discussion, the apparatus 20 is responsible for converting steam into electrical energy.
  • the injection well 14 and production well 18 are subterranean with the surface being denoted by numeral 22 .
  • the multilateral conduits 16 are similarly subterranean, but also within a geothermal zone 24 of formation 26 .
  • FIG. 2 may also be referenced.
  • a fluid with a suitable heat capacity is circulated in the injection well 14 of one location 12 , processed through power generation apparatus 20 to recover the heat energy and subsequently passed as an output stream to be an inlet feed stream for a injection well 14 of a proximal location.
  • the chain line 28 illustrates this relay or daisy chain sequencing. Since not all of the heat is recovered, the inlet feed stream for well 14 of a proximal location is preheated for injection into lateral conduit 16 . The process then resets for repetition in the next location 12 .
  • power generation apparatus includes a bypass loop 30 for bypassing the apparatus 20 .
  • the apparatus may comprise an organic Rankine cycle, Kalina cycle or carbon carrier cycle.
  • an array of conduits 16 may be employed as illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B .
  • the arrays will be referenced as multilateral arrays 32 and are arranged in an annular pattern in spaced relation from proximal conduits 16 . Other patterns may be employed depending on the specifics of the situation. Connection between the individual conduits 16 of an array 32 will simply integrated in a merger acting in a similar fashion to a single conduit 16 . All or some of the locations 12 may be fabricated in this way, depending on the conditions of which examples have been referenced above. It is further contemplated that singular conduit arrangements may alternate with arrays 32 .
  • the arrays 32 increase the overall flow rate and power production. In situations where some locations 12 are closer together, a greater number of arrays 32 may be used to maintain heat recovery balance.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 is exemplary of a 12,000 kW to 20,000 kW system.
  • FIG. 3 shown is a further embodiment of the invention for example, a 8,000 kW to 12.00 kW system.
  • individual loops may be joined at a centralized location, C, in order to centralize the power generation apparatus 20 (not shown) for increased power an efficiency.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate smaller scale operations, 4,000 kW-6,000 kW ( FIG. 4 ) and 2,000 kW-3,000 kW ( FIG. 5 ).
  • the Halff reference broadly relates to loop systems, but does not appear to present an economically viable solution. This is evinced by the fact that there has been no implementation of the Halff technology, despite the nearly two decades that have elapsed since its disclosure. Following this, the Mickelson and McHargue, supra, were released, building on the concepts in this area. Neither of these technologies came to fruition and were abandoned. Clearly, this area of technology is complex and cumulative teachings, although many times instructive, singularly or in mosaic, do not direct to linked loops, preheated streams from waste heat, truncated horizontal conduit circuits or subterranean closed loop systems.
  • the daisy chaining since well loops are linked front to back, eliminates the need for a near surface return conduit. Further, the paired loops act as the return conduit for each other with the pair using waste heat as an input to create the preheated stream supra.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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US16/121,712 2017-10-31 2018-09-05 Method and apparatus for repurposing well sites for geothermal energy production Abandoned US20190128567A1 (en)

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CN (1) CN109724275A (ja)
AR (1) AR113417A1 (ja)
AU (1) AU2018214071A1 (ja)
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Cited By (15)

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US11187212B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2021-11-30 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Methods for generating geothermal power in an organic Rankine cycle operation during hydrocarbon production based on working fluid temperature
US11293414B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-04-05 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods for generation of electrical power in an organic rankine cycle operation
US11326550B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-05-10 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source
US11421516B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2022-08-23 Sigl-G, Llc Geothermal power generation
US11421663B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-08-23 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods for generation of electrical power in an organic Rankine cycle operation
US11480074B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-10-25 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source
US11486370B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-11-01 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Modular mobile heat generation unit for generation of geothermal power in organic Rankine cycle operations
US11493029B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-11-08 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig
US11592009B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2023-02-28 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig
US11644015B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2023-05-09 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig
US11708818B1 (en) 2022-10-17 2023-07-25 Roda Energy Corporation Systems for generating energy from geothermal sources and methods of operating and constructing same
US11781421B2 (en) 2020-09-22 2023-10-10 Gunnar LLLP Method and apparatus for magnetic ranging while drilling
EP3990838A4 (en) * 2019-06-27 2023-11-15 Eavor Technologies Inc. OPERATIONAL PROTOCOL FOR HARVESTING A HEAT PRODUCTIVE FORMATION
US11959356B2 (en) 2018-07-04 2024-04-16 Eavor Technologies Inc. Method for forming high efficiency geothermal wellbores
US12018660B2 (en) 2023-05-01 2024-06-25 Roda Energy Corporation Systems for generating energy from geothermal sources and methods of operating and constructing same

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IT201900006817A1 (it) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-14 Turboden Spa Circuito di scambio termico per impianto geotermico
CN110489909A (zh) * 2019-08-27 2019-11-22 安徽省方舟科技开发有限责任公司 一种浅层地热温度分布规律的推算方法
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NO20210956A1 (ja) * 2021-08-02 2023-02-03 Oktra As
CA3231409A1 (en) * 2021-09-10 2023-03-16 Kirsten MARCIA Horizontal drilling for geothermal wells
CN114016992A (zh) * 2021-11-15 2022-02-08 吉林大学 一种适合于大规模水热型地热资源开采的布井方法
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US11959356B2 (en) 2018-07-04 2024-04-16 Eavor Technologies Inc. Method for forming high efficiency geothermal wellbores
US11421516B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2022-08-23 Sigl-G, Llc Geothermal power generation
EP3990838A4 (en) * 2019-06-27 2023-11-15 Eavor Technologies Inc. OPERATIONAL PROTOCOL FOR HARVESTING A HEAT PRODUCTIVE FORMATION
US11781421B2 (en) 2020-09-22 2023-10-10 Gunnar LLLP Method and apparatus for magnetic ranging while drilling
US11421663B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-08-23 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods for generation of electrical power in an organic Rankine cycle operation
US11933280B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2024-03-19 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Modular mobile heat generation unit for generation of geothermal power in organic Rankine cycle operations
US11326550B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-05-10 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source
US11359576B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-06-14 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source
US11359612B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-06-14 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods for generation of electrical power in an organic rankine cycle operation
US11280322B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-03-22 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems for generating geothermal power in an organic Rankine cycle operation during hydrocarbon production based on wellhead fluid temperature
US11624355B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2023-04-11 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Modular mobile heat generation unit for generation of geothermal power in organic Rankine cycle operations
US11187212B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2021-11-30 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Methods for generating geothermal power in an organic Rankine cycle operation during hydrocarbon production based on working fluid temperature
US11480074B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-10-25 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source
US11486330B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-11-01 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source
US11486370B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-11-01 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Modular mobile heat generation unit for generation of geothermal power in organic Rankine cycle operations
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US11542888B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2023-01-03 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source
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US11578706B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2023-02-14 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems for generating geothermal power in an organic Rankine cycle operation during hydrocarbon production based on wellhead fluid temperature
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US11971019B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2024-04-30 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems for generating geothermal power in an organic Rankine cycle operation during hydrocarbon production based on wellhead fluid temperature
US11732697B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2023-08-22 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems for generating geothermal power in an organic Rankine cycle operation during hydrocarbon production based on wellhead fluid temperature
US11761353B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2023-09-19 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source
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AR113417A1 (es) 2020-04-29
CA3013374A1 (en) 2019-04-30
EP3477220A1 (en) 2019-05-01

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