US20180156465A1 - Wood-Burning Appliance - Google Patents

Wood-Burning Appliance Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180156465A1
US20180156465A1 US15/833,132 US201715833132A US2018156465A1 US 20180156465 A1 US20180156465 A1 US 20180156465A1 US 201715833132 A US201715833132 A US 201715833132A US 2018156465 A1 US2018156465 A1 US 2018156465A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
firebox
airflow
tubes
wood
stove
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Abandoned
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US15/833,132
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English (en)
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William T. Oviatt
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US15/833,132 priority Critical patent/US20180156465A1/en
Publication of US20180156465A1 publication Critical patent/US20180156465A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
    • F24B1/189—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by air-handling means, i.e. of combustion-air, heated-air, or flue-gases, e.g. draught control dampers 
    • F24B1/19—Supplying combustion-air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
    • F24B1/188—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas  
    • F24B1/1885—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas   the heat exchange medium being air only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/191—Component parts; Accessories
    • F24B1/192—Doors; Screens; Fuel guards
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/20—Ranges
    • F24B1/22—Ranges in which the baking oven is arranged above the fire-box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B13/00—Details solely applicable to stoves or ranges burning solid fuels 
    • F24B13/004—Doors specially adapted for stoves or ranges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/021—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves combustion-air circulation
    • F24B5/026—Supply of primary and secondary air for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating 
    • F24B7/04—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating  with internal air ducts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

Definitions

  • wood-burning stove appliances allow users to bring the experience of a fire indoors.
  • incoming airflow enters the stove through some intake pathway, and oxygen in the air is then used in the firebox for a fuel combustion reaction before exiting out an exhaust pathway into the outdoor environment.
  • Complete combustion produces heat, light, steam, and carbon dioxide.
  • incomplete combustion of wood releases a large amount of smoke and pollutants.
  • the warmer the airflow intake air is when it reaches the combustion chamber, with more energy for use in combustion the more efficient the burn is compared to colder air in wood-burning appliances. Therefore, it is advantageous to preheat incoming airflow to the firebox of a stove.
  • some wood-burning appliances have a glass door or wall to allow viewers to observe the fuel burning in the firebox, thereby creating ambience and informing observers of the status of the burn.
  • glass is susceptible to overheating and becoming dirty from the deposit of byproducts produced in pyrolysis/combustion. In such cases, increased maintenance may be required and the overall viewing experience diminished. Further, the repeated opening and closing of a door may cause damage to seals between the door and stove, thereby decreasing the lifetime expectancy of the seals and increasing the risk that noxious gases are released into the building.
  • the present disclosure relates to a non-catalytic wood-burning appliance.
  • One aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a wood-burning appliance with an emission rate substantially less than 4.5 grams per hour.
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a wood-burning appliance that approaches complete combustion of fuel therein when in operation.
  • a further aspect of the present disclosure is to substantially reduce the temperature of exhaust exiting the flue of the wood-burning apparatus.
  • a further aspect of the present disclosure is to improve heat exchange between a wood-burning apparatus and its surrounding indoor environment.
  • a further aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a pulley system for a door of the wood-burning appliance to allow for improved operation of the door and a longer expected lifetime for airtight seals between the door and the stove.
  • a further aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a pulley system for a door that is configured to facilitate easy access to the inside of the door, the interior of the firebox, and any components therein for maintenance.
  • a stove of the wood-burning appliance comprises a firebox for the combustion of fuel, an oven positioned above the firebox, a flue for exhaust, and a door for access to the interior of the firebox.
  • An outer frame may be provided to at least partially surround or encompass the stove.
  • the firebox has a front side and a back side, and the back side may an inner wall and an outer wall such that a gap is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall.
  • An air intake may be positioned on the outer wall to receive an incoming airflow and the gap be configured to preheat the incoming airflow.
  • an airflow apparatus is positioned inside the firebox.
  • the airflow apparatus may comprise a plurality of tubes oriented to at least partially extend between the front side and the back side of the firebox.
  • the plurality of tubes are hollow and in aerodynamic communication with a gap in the stove wall providing preheated airflow.
  • Each of the plurality of tubes may also have a plurality of apertures.
  • the plurality of tubes may also extend in aerodynamic communication between a front plenum and a back plenum.
  • a first plate of the airflow apparatus may form the back plenum to receive incoming airflow through the stove wall, and a second plate may form the front plenum.
  • the plurality of hollow tubes may extend between the first plate and the second plate of the airflow apparatus and be oriented to at least partially extend between the front side and the back side of the firebox.
  • the airflow apparatus may further comprise an airwash component configured for aerodynamic communication with the gap and the front side of the firebox, and at least partially positioned within one of the plurality of tubes.
  • the airwash component comprises a hollow primary airwash tube and a hollow compartment in aerodynamic communication with each other, wherein the primary airwash tube is positioned at least partially within a center tube of the plurality of tubes and is configured to receive incoming airflow through the stove, and the compartment has at least one opening configured for aerodynamic communication with the front side of the firebox.
  • the airflow apparatus is positioned within the top portion of the firebox and has an inverted V shape configuration.
  • a center tube of the plurality of tubes of the airflow apparatus may be at the apex and positioned beneath a slot at least partially extending between a front side and back side of the firebox for exiting exhaust.
  • One or more baffle plates may be positioned above such an airflow apparatus in the firebox to direct exhaust out of the firebox through the slot positioned above the center tube of the plurality of tubes.
  • the airwash component of the airflow apparatus provides airflow carrying oxygen to the firebox for a primary combustion of fuel through its one or more openings positioned for aerodynamic communication with the front side of the firebox. Therefore, a primary-combustion airflow pathway through the wood-burning appliance may comprise air first entering an air intake formed on the outer wall of the stove, then traveling through a gap formed between an inner wall of the firebox and the outer wall of the stove, then traveling through the airwash component of the airflow apparatus across the firebox to a first and/or front side of the firebox (e.g., through the airwash tube and compartment), then traveling out one or more openings of the airwash component into the firebox, where the air being relatively less dense than the hotter air in the firebox descends to a primary combustion reaction site in the firebox.
  • a primary-combustion airflow pathway through the wood-burning appliance may comprise air first entering an air intake formed on the outer wall of the stove, then traveling through a gap formed between an inner wall of the firebox and the outer wall of the
  • the plurality of tubes of the airflow apparatus may likewise provide airflow carrying oxygen through their plurality of apertures for a secondary combustion of fuel/exhaust rising through the firebox. Therefore, a secondary-combustion airflow pathway through the wood-burning appliance may comprise air first entering an air intake formed on the outer wall of the stove, then traveling through a gap formed between an inner wall of the firebox and the outer wall of the stove, then into a back plenum of the airflow apparatus before entering the plurality of tubes, then traveling through the plurality of tubes and eventually through the plurality of apertures positioned thereon, at which point oxygen in the air may be consumed in a secondary combustion reaction of incompletely-combusted fuel particulates rising through the firebox.
  • the exhaust from both airflow pathways then continues rising up after combustion through a slot formed between angled baffles plates positioned above the airflow apparatus, then into an oven exhaust cavity formed around the oven chamber in the stove wall, and finally out the flue located at the top of the stove.
  • Increasing temperature within the firebox from fuel combustion set the pathways in motion thereby automatically drawing airflow into the wood-burning appliance.
  • a pulley system configured to open and close a door of the wood-burning appliance is provided on the side wall of the stove.
  • the door may be a glass door and be positioned at the front side of the firebox to enclose that side of the firebox, such that airflow exiting through the airwash component washes down over the inside of the door when in use.
  • the pulley system may comprise a weight; a cable having a first end coupled to the door and a second end coupled to the weight; a first arm and a second arm pivotally mounted on a side wall of the stove, the first arm coupled to the door; and a plurality of wheels supporting the cable, at least one of the plurality of wheels positioned on each of the first arm, the second arm, and the side wall of the stove.
  • the bottom edge of the door may be configured to extend away from the stove (e.g. front side of the firebox) via pivoting of the first arm when the door is lifted between a closed position and an open position and vice versa.
  • the first arm may be constructed to allow a further extension of its length away from the stove when the door is pulled outward by a user.
  • the top of the door may be coupled within a sliding track located on the side wall of the stove for vertical movement.
  • a user may lift the top of the door out of the sliding track and lay the door on the hearth in front of the wood-burning appliance, thereby facilitating easier access to and maintenance of the inside of the door, the interior of the firebox, and any components configured therein (e.g., an airflow apparatus).
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective front view of a stove for a wood-burning appliance
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective back view of the stove of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional side view of the firebox of FIG. 1 along its center axis
  • FIG. 4 shows a front perspective view of the stove of FIG. 1 with elements omitted to show an airflow apparatus positioned therein;
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of an airflow apparatus
  • FIG. 6 shows a bottom view of the airflow apparatus of FIG. 5 ;
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional side view of the airflow apparatus of FIG. 5 taken along plane I of FIG. 6 ;
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a center tube of the airflow apparatus of FIG. 5 ;
  • FIG. 9 shows a partial front view of a stove with no airwash component
  • FIG. 10 shows a partial front view of the stove of FIG. 9 with an airwash component partially inserted
  • FIG. 11 shows the partial front view of FIG. 10 with the airwash component fully inserted, and with the oven bottom and baffle plates omitted;
  • FIG. 12 shows a front perspective view of an airwash component
  • FIG. 13 shows a side cross-sectional view of the airwash component of FIG. 12 ;
  • FIG. 14 shows the partial front view of FIG. 11 with baffle plates
  • FIG. 15 shows a partial cross-sectional front view of a stove along its center axis
  • FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of a wood-burning appliance comprising a stove and an outer frame
  • FIG. 17 shows a side view of pulley system for a door of a stove in a closed position
  • FIG. 18 shows the side view of the pulley system of FIG. 17 in transition
  • FIG. 19 shows the side view of the pulley system of FIG. 17 in an open position
  • FIG. 20 shows the view of FIG. 18 with a first arm further extended
  • FIG. 21 shows a top of the door of FIG. 17 dismounted from the stove.
  • FIGS. 1-3 show a wood-burning appliance 100 according to the present disclosure.
  • the stove 105 comprises a lower chamber or firebox 110 , an upper chamber or oven 115 , and an outlet or flue 120 (also referred to as a top collar or chimney) to allow smoke and other particles to exit the stove 105 .
  • the firebox 110 is where fuel (e.g., wood) is placed and subsequently burned during use.
  • fuel e.g., wood
  • wood e.g., wood
  • wood wood
  • wood wood
  • the oven 115 acts as a heat exchanger to improve the transfer of heat generated by combustion in the firebox to the indoor areas surrounding the stove, as described below in more detail. This in turn decreases the temperature of the exhaust exiting the stove, thereby decreasing the risks of overheating and potential damage to the flue 120 and any structural components attached thereto, as well as environmental fire hazard.
  • the oven 115 may also be used for additional purposes that benefit from the utilization of heat generated in the firebox (e.g., food preparation). It is further possible to omit the oven altogether, whereby exhaust from the firebox exits directly into the flue, but the improved heat exchange function of the oven is not realized in such embodiments.
  • a door 125 (see FIG. 15 ) is provided on the front of the stove 105 .
  • the door 125 is made of glass to allow for viewing of the interior of the firebox 110 .
  • the door may be made of any suitable material that can withstand the heat generated in the firebox, and may be made of an opaque material if desired (e.g., metal).
  • One or more gaskets 150 may be positioned to provide an airtight seal between the edges of the door and the firebox, as seen for example in FIG.
  • the wood-burning appliance 100 may be made from any suitable material capable of withstanding the high temperatures generated, metal being commonly used.
  • the back of stove 105 may further comprise an air intake 130 positioned near its base on a side opposite the door, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the air intake 130 may take any appropriate form of an opening that allows for incoming airflow to enter the wood-burning appliance 100 from the surrounding environment.
  • a filtering structure such as a grate (not shown) may be configured over the air intake 130 to prevent unwanted foreign objects from entering the air intake. No adjustment of the airflow entering the air intake is necessary during operation of the wood-burning appliance.
  • the back portion of the stove 105 may have a gap 135 formed by an outer wall 140 and an inner wall 145 of the stove, where the air intake 130 is positioned on the outer wall 140 to allow aerodynamic communication between the outside environment and the gap 135 .
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of an airflow apparatus for a wood-burning appliance according to the present disclosure, with structures of the stove omitted to better view the airflow apparatus positioned therein.
  • incoming airflow first enters the airflow pathway through the stove via the air intake 130 located in the outer wall 140 . If the firebox is in use (e.g., it is burning wood), the airflow will first be preheated while in the gap 135 by heat radiating from the inner wall 145 , as well as from the outer wall 140 to a lesser extent. This preheated air may then enter an airflow apparatus 200 positioned within the firebox 110 .
  • the airflow apparatus 200 comprises two plates 215 , 220 and a plurality of tubes 225 positioned between the plates. On a side opposite the plurality of tubes, each plate may be defined as having an air plenum 205 , 210 .
  • the first or back plenum 205 is in aerodynamic communication with the gap 135 of the stove wall. In this way, the back plenum 205 is configured to receive the preheated incoming airflow. It should be appreciated that any number of arrangements are possible to form the first or back plate 215 and back plenum 205 and, likewise, for how back plenum 205 aerodynamically communicates with gap 135 .
  • back plenum 205 opposite from back plate 215 may be completely or partially open to gap 135 . If completely open, back plenum 205 and gap 135 form a continuous cavity. If partially open, an incomplete division may be accomplished by a continuation of inner wall 145 or another component of the airflow apparatus, such as by an enclosing extension of back plate 215 for example. If partially open, one or more openings allowing for aerodynamic communication between back plenum 205 and gap 135 may be provided.
  • the second or front plate 220 may be flat, as shown, or comprise extensions that define one or more sides of the second or front plenum 210 . Front plenum 210 and front plate 220 are configured to receive an airwash component (described in more detail below). In this way, front plenum 210 functions primarily for pressure equalization rather than as an airflow pathway to the burn site of the firebox 110 .
  • the plurality of hollow tubes 225 are extend between the back plenum 205 and front plenum 210 , such that the hollow portions of the tubes 225 extend through plates 215 , 220 into the plenums. Therefore, the tubes 225 allow for aerodynamic communication between the plenums 205 , 210 . This in turn provides for equalization of pressure both across the length of a single air tube as well as between the plurality of tubes 225 .
  • the plurality of tubes are generally configured in an inverted V shape, having a center tube 235 at the apex, and oriented to longitudinally run at least partially between the front side and back side of the firebox.
  • each of the hollow tubes 225 may have a plurality of apertures 230 .
  • the plurality of apertures 230 are configured to allow airflow traveling through each air tube 225 to exit the tube and enter the chamber of the firebox 110 for use in fuel combustion, as discussed in more detail below.
  • the apertures 230 of the center tube 235 are positioned in five rows as shown in FIG. 8 ; two lateral-facing rows on a substantially horizontal plane through the center axis of the tube 235 , one downward-facing row on a substantially vertical plane through the center axis of the tube 235 , and two rows positioned in between the downward row and each of the lateral rows, respectively (e.g., at approximately 45° between the horizontal and vertical planes).
  • each lateral tube of the plurality of tubes 225 arranged in the inverted V shape configuration have a single row of apertures 230 positioned on a substantially horizontal plane through the center axis of each tube and facing laterally toward the center of the firebox.
  • the plurality of tubes comprise six lateral tubes having a 1 inch diameter and a center tube having a 3 inch diameter arranged in an inverted V shape configuration.
  • the number, size and arrangement of the tubes may be appropriately modified and adapted for different stoves and fireboxes, and the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiment illustrated Likewise, many different arrangements of the plurality of apertures 230 are possible for providing sufficient airflow into the firebox, and the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiment illustrated.
  • the described airflow apparatus 200 allows for uniform distribution of incoming airflow into the top of the firebox 110 .
  • the equalization of pressure across the plurality of tubes 225 and between the plenums 205 , 210 facilitates such effective use multiple of airflow pathways through the apertures 230 across both the width and length of the firebox 110 .
  • airflow apparatus 200 may be made of a material with good heat conduction properties, such that elements thereof (e.g., plenums, tubes) are heated within the firebox and provide further preheating of incoming airflow before combustion. It should be appreciated that the geometries of the various components comprising the airflow apparatus and the openings therethrough may be modified to optimize draft capacity and/or the amount of preheating for a particular stove application.
  • an airflow apparatus further comprises an airwash component.
  • FIG. 9 shows the front plenum 210 and front plate 220 of an airflow apparatus positioned within a wood-burning appliance, but no airwash component.
  • airwash component 300 comprises a primary airwash tube 305 and a compartment 310 .
  • the primary airwash tube 305 is hollow to allow for an airflow pathway through it.
  • the primary airwash tube 305 does not have apertures along its length since airflow is to be guided directly from the gap 135 in the stove wall, across the firebox 110 , to the front side of the stove.
  • the primary airwash tube 305 may be a single tube positioned within one of the plurality of tubes 225 (see FIGS. 10 and 11 ), for instance the center tube 235 located at the apex of an inverted V shape arrangement for the plurality of tubes. Since the airwash tube 305 is positioned within a tube 225 , it shares the same longitudinal orientation between the front side and back side of the firebox. The diameter of tube 225 surrounding primary airwash tube 305 may be larger than the other tubes 225 so as accommodate the airwash tube 305 therein, and still be able to provide its own airflow pathway to the chamber of firebox 110 .
  • the primary airwash tube 305 has a diameter of 2 inches and is configured in the center tube 235 of the plurality of tubes 225 , the center tube having a diameter of 3 inches.
  • the size of the primary airwash tube and the center tube may be modified for a particular application given the airflow requirements of a stove and spatial limitations within the firebox.
  • the primary airwash tube 305 may have an airflow pathway that extends from the gap 135 of the stove wall to the compartment 310 . Therefore, primary airwash tube 305 may have a separate incoming airflow pathway from the gap 135 as compared to back plenum 205 .
  • compartment 310 when airwash component 300 is placed in position, compartment 310 is configured to at least partially fit within the front plenum 210 .
  • the compartment 310 may have a box-like construction and be coupled to primary airwash tube 305 , such that the airwash component 300 comprises both compartment 310 and primary airwash tube 305 .
  • the front side of compartment 310 is provided with at least one opening, as illustrated by openings 315 . Therefore, incoming airflow entering the back end of the primary airwash tube 305 is directed to the compartment 310 and out the at least one opening 315 facing the front of firebox 110 .
  • the compartment 310 is positioned over the door 125 and the relatively cooler air—compared to the rest of the firebox when in use—flows downward over the glass surface of the door (in the depicted embodiment) from the at least one opening 315 , thereby reducing and/or preventing the effects of overheating and particle deposit on the door surface.
  • more than one primary airwash tube may be arranged in the airwash component, and may or may not be positioned within a corresponding air tube.
  • a plurality of primary airwash tubes may facilitate aerodynamic communication between the gap of the back stove wall and the compartment of the airwash component.
  • the precise arrangement of openings on the front side of the compartment which provide the airflow pathway to the door may be modified over the depicted embodiments, and still within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the airwash component 300 may be slidably mounted within one of the plurality of tubes 225 .
  • the plurality of tubes may each comprise a face plate 240 at an end mounted to front plate 220 via a screw or any other acceptable couplings 245 , for example bolts, in the front plenum 210 . Therefore, when the airwash component is removed, each of the plurality of tubes may also be removed from the airflow apparatus and stove for easy cleaning and maintenance.
  • the plurality of tubes are not firmly bonded to the back plate 215 (or front plate 220 ) in order to allow the tubes to be uncoupled from the front plate 220 and each be slidably removed from the airflow apparatus. With the plurality of tubes removed, it is also more convenient to clean and maintain the top of the firebox and/or baffle plates described below. Further, this disassembly does not require a complicated process or specialized tools allowing ordinary users to self-service their wood-burning appliances according to the present disclosure.
  • baffle plates are used to direct exhaust in a wood-burning appliance according to the present disclosure.
  • Baffle plates 400 may be positioned at the top of the firebox to direct the exhaust through an exit pathway between the baffle plates.
  • the baffle plates 400 are positioned over the airflow apparatus and angled to correspond to the inverted V shape configuration of the plurality of tubes 225 running through the firebox.
  • Another set of baffle plates 410 may be provided which lie directly on top of the three lateral tubes of the plurality of tubes 225 on each side.
  • baffle plates 400 may be positioned directly on top of the lateral tubes of the plurality of tubes 225 and be bent upward at their ends above the center tube 235 to form a similar configuration for the slot therebetween shown in FIG. 15 .
  • the second set of baffle plates 410 is not necessary. Heated exhaust rises through the firebox after combustion, at which point baffle plates 400 , 410 direct the exhaust to an exit pathway—the slot formed at the apex of the angled baffle plates in the illustrative embodiment. At this point, exhaust hits the bottom of the oven 115 and is directed through an oven exhaust cavity 405 formed between the outer sidewalls of the stove 105 and the inner sidewalls of the oven 115 , before exiting through the flue.
  • the firebox begins to heat (e.g., wood is burning therein), it has a lower pressure relative to environmental pressure. This creates a draft causing air to enter the air intake from outside of the stove. After passing through the air intake, the airflow travels through the gap in the back wall of the stove. The air is preheated by heat radiating from the firebox while in the gap, which improves combustion efficiency. The airflow may then enter the airflow apparatus through either the back plenum or the primary air wash tube(s).
  • the airwash component provides a primary airflow pathway from the gap in the stove wall to the front side of the firebox. Due to the positioning of the openings of the compartment within the firebox, the supply of exiting air will flow downward over the door before moving to a burn site for combustion. This is because the preheated airflow is still relatively cooler than the remainder of the firebox, which is heated from the fuel combustion. The airflow is then drawn to a burn site in the firebox for primary combustion of the fuel.
  • the airflow After being used in combustion, the airflow will then rise to the top of the firebox. As described below, secondary combustion may occur at this point due to incoming airflow through the plurality of tubes providing a supply of oxygen.
  • the exhausted airflow is funneled by the angled baffle plates as it rises to an exit opening or slot in the center of the top side of the firebox.
  • the slot formed between the one or more baffle plates is positioned above the center tube of the plurality of tubes in the depicted embodiment, which is also the apex of the inverted V-shape configuration of the plurality of tubes.
  • the airflow will then hit the bottom of the oven and be directed around the perimeter of the oven in cavities created between the oven sidewalls and the outer sidewalls of the stove. Heat exchange occurs as the exhaust travels through these cavities. Finally, the exhaust will exit through the outlet/flue located at the top of the stove.
  • the airflow enters the back plenum from the stove wall gap it continues through the plurality of tubes and then may exit through one of the apertures directly into the firebox, or continue to the front plenum for pressure equalization and recycling through the tubes until eventually exiting through one of the apertures.
  • the unused airflow exiting the apertures is met by rising exhaust from the primary fuel combustion described above.
  • the additional oxygen supplied by the plurality of tubes at the top of the firebox may then be consumed in a secondary reaction to burn of any incompletely-combusted matter in the rising exhaust.
  • the inverted V shape arrangement of the plurality of tubes, and angled baffle plates positioned above the tubes and forming an exit slot above the larger center tube forces the exhaust flow past the tubes before exiting through the slot and thus maximizes the secondary combustion.
  • the diameter of the center tube at the apex of the plurality of tubes is large enough to itself act as a baffle for rising exhaust, such that secondary combustion flames bend around the tube and do not reach directly up into the slot, further maximizing the occurrence of secondary combustion reactions. After such secondary combustion, the relatively cleaner exhaust will continue to rise to the baffles plates where it is directed out of the firebox and stove as previously described.
  • a wood-burning appliance having an airflow apparatus may provide for a more efficient fuel combustion with emission rates substantially below 4.5 grams of particulate per hour.
  • emission rates have been measured between approximately 2.5 and 4.5 grams per hour.
  • the emission rates were measured between approximately 2.0 and 2.5 grams per hour.
  • emission rates were measured below 2.0 grams per hour and as low as approximately 1.77 grams per hour.
  • a wood-burning appliance with such an airflow apparatus may approach complete combustion of fuel under certain burning conditions.
  • the increased distance of the airflow exhaust pathway through the one or more oven exhaust cavities around the oven chamber improves heat transfer.
  • additional heat exchange occurs since ambient air both inside the oven chamber (through exchange with the inner walls of the oven) and outside the stove (through exchange with the outer walls of the stove) takes on heat from the outgoing exhaust.
  • the exhaust temperature exiting the flue may be between approximately 600 and 800° F. under certain testing conditions.
  • the exhaust temperature was measured between approximately 400 and 600° F.
  • temperatures have been measured below 400° F. and as low as approximately 350° F. during testing of the wood-burning appliance.
  • the decreased exhaust temperature also reduces the risk of the flue overheating, which may cause structural damage and increase the risk of fire hazard to the environment.
  • the wood-burning appliance may comprise an outer frame 500 which encompasses a stove 505 according to the present disclosure.
  • the outer frame 500 may enhance the ornamental/decorative aspects of the appliance, as well as insulate the surrounding environment from heat radiating from the stove walls, reducing the potential for a fire hazard. Therefore, incorporation of an outer frame 500 may depend on the desired overall use of the appliance.
  • One or more side panels may be positioned within the frame covering the sides and/or back of the stove. The side panel may be produced of any non-flammable material, for example tile, brick, soapstone, metal, glass, etc.
  • outer frame 500 may compliment the preheating of airflow entering stove 505 , since incoming airflow must traverse an outer frame pathway as well (e.g., directly through the framework or via spaces formed between the stove 505 and frame 500 ), which increases exposure of the airflow to heat radiated by stove 505 before reaching an airflow intake of the stove 505 .
  • the outer wall of the stove 505 forming the gap with the inner wall could instead be formed by, or integrated as part of, the outer frame 500 .
  • certain embodiments of a wood-burning appliance may comprise a pulley system 600 for opening/closing the door 125 .
  • the depicted embodiment is positioned within a frame 500 as in FIG. 16 , with portions of the frame omitted to allow viewing on the pulley system.
  • the pulley system may comprise a weight, a cable, at least one wheel, and at least one arm.
  • the bottom of door 125 is attached to a first arm 620 and the end of a cable 610 , the other end of the cable 610 attached to a weight 605 .
  • the first arm 620 is further coupled to a second arm 625 .
  • the cable 610 runs through a pulley wheel 615 on each arm, as well as a third pulley wheel 415 formed on the side wall 630 of the firebox which supports the weight 605 .
  • door 125 In a closed position (see FIG. 17 ), door 125 is flush with the front edges of the firebox and forms a seal with gaskets (not shown) located thereon, thus preventing fumes from escaping the firebox.
  • the gasket seal (not shown) is mounted on the stove and surrounds the front opening of the firebox, such that when the door is in the closed position, the surface (e.g., glass) of the door and gasket contact each other forming an airtight seal. In such an embodiment, the seal is thus formed within the interior area defined by the outer frame of the door.
  • the top of the door 125 is coupled within a sliding track 640 running vertically along the side wall 630 of the stove.
  • the sliding track 640 may be open at its top.
  • rotation and/or extension of the first arm 620 allows the door 125 to pivot outward from a pivot point formed by the sliding track 640 and the top of the door.
  • the first arm 620 may be positioned so the door 125 is again flush with the vertical.
  • the first arm 620 is constructed with an outer tube and pin end, which allows the door bottom to be further extended away from the firebox until the pin end hits the outer tube as shown in FIG. 20 .
  • the first arm may be constructed with one or more slotted recesses and mounted on one or more support members formed on the side wall 630 of the stove, such that the one or more support members are positioned within the one or more slotted recesses, thereby allowing movement of the arm along the length of the slotted recesses with respect to the stove and thus the door bottom to be further extended away from the firebox.
  • the tension of the wire cable 610 on the door generated by the weight 605 prevents the further extension of the first arm 620 absent manipulation by a user.
  • the further extension of the first arm 620 allows the top portion of the door that is coupled within the sliding track to be lifted completely out of the sliding track by a user.
  • the door may then be laid on the hearth in front of the stove which facilitates easier cleaning and maintenance of the inside of the door, as shown by FIG. 21 .
  • the airflow apparatus 200 is fully accessible by a user.
  • the airwash component 300 may be removed from the front plenum 210 and from within the plurality of air tubes (see FIGS. 9 & 10 ) for cleaning and maintenance.
  • each individual tube of the plurality of tubes may be removed from the wood-burning appliance for cleaning and maintenance, for instance by unscrewing a screw or bolt 245 which couples an end plate 240 of each tube to the front plate 220 in the front plenum 210 (see FIG. 9 ), without having to disassemble the entirety of the airflow apparatus from the stove. Removal of the tubes also simplifies cleaning of the interior of the firebox. In this way, a user may easily maintain a glass door, airwash component, front plenum, each of the plurality of tubes, and firebox in a few steps and without a complicated deconstruction process or the need for more than household tools.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
US15/833,132 2016-12-07 2017-12-06 Wood-Burning Appliance Abandoned US20180156465A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/833,132 US20180156465A1 (en) 2016-12-07 2017-12-06 Wood-Burning Appliance

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662431099P 2016-12-07 2016-12-07
US15/833,132 US20180156465A1 (en) 2016-12-07 2017-12-06 Wood-Burning Appliance

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US (1) US20180156465A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3333487A3 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160363324A1 (en) * 2015-06-15 2016-12-15 United States Stove Company Single burn rate solid fuel heating appliance with managed airflow
US20170254530A1 (en) * 2016-03-02 2017-09-07 Peter CANNON Baffle insert for solid field combustion appliance
USD900527S1 (en) * 2019-05-01 2020-11-03 Round Grove Products, LLC Combination outdoor ventless fireplace and brick oven
US20210180793A1 (en) * 2019-12-11 2021-06-17 Dansons Us, Llc Removable burn pot
USD944373S1 (en) * 2017-10-24 2022-02-22 Donald C. Johnson Portable fire place

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2597581B1 (fr) * 1986-04-21 1990-05-18 Philippe Cheminees Dispositif de compensation de levage de porte frontale de cheminee a double regime de chauffe
CA2464490C (en) * 2004-04-15 2008-03-11 Stephen Charles Brown Combustion apparatus for solid fuel
DE202005016364U1 (de) * 2005-10-19 2006-01-19 Hark Gmbh & Co Kg Kamin- Und Kachelofenbau Automatik - Kaminofen mit zusätzlichen aufgesetzten Backfach und hinterer Quarzglasceranscheibe
DE102006032497B4 (de) * 2006-07-05 2008-06-19 Dreißiger, Andrea Holzofen

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160363324A1 (en) * 2015-06-15 2016-12-15 United States Stove Company Single burn rate solid fuel heating appliance with managed airflow
US20170254530A1 (en) * 2016-03-02 2017-09-07 Peter CANNON Baffle insert for solid field combustion appliance
USD944373S1 (en) * 2017-10-24 2022-02-22 Donald C. Johnson Portable fire place
USD900527S1 (en) * 2019-05-01 2020-11-03 Round Grove Products, LLC Combination outdoor ventless fireplace and brick oven
US20210180793A1 (en) * 2019-12-11 2021-06-17 Dansons Us, Llc Removable burn pot
US11231178B2 (en) * 2019-12-11 2022-01-25 Dansons Us, Llc Removable burn pot

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Publication number Publication date
EP3333487A2 (de) 2018-06-13
EP3333487A3 (de) 2018-11-14

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