US20170362831A1 - Cool roof systems and methods - Google Patents
Cool roof systems and methods Download PDFInfo
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- US20170362831A1 US20170362831A1 US15/184,513 US201615184513A US2017362831A1 US 20170362831 A1 US20170362831 A1 US 20170362831A1 US 201615184513 A US201615184513 A US 201615184513A US 2017362831 A1 US2017362831 A1 US 2017362831A1
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- waterproof layer
- aluminum silicate
- granule
- granules
- acrylic copolymer
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
- E04D11/02—Build-up roofs, i.e. consisting of two or more layers bonded together in situ, at least one of the layers being of watertight composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/04—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B11/046—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/10—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
- C04B20/1029—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B20/1033—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N5/00—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N5/00—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch
- D06N5/003—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch coated with bitumen
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
- E04D5/10—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of compounded or laminated materials, e.g. metal foils or plastic films coated with bitumen
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
- E04D5/12—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form specially modified, e.g. perforated, with granulated surface, with attached pads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D7/00—Roof covering exclusively consisting of sealing masses applied in situ; Gravelling of flat roofs
- E04D7/005—Roof covering exclusively consisting of sealing masses applied in situ; Gravelling of flat roofs characterised by loose or embedded gravel or granules as an outer protection of the roof covering
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- B32B2255/04—Coating on the layer surface on a particulate layer
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- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
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- B32B2264/107—Ceramic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/582—Tearability
- B32B2307/5825—Tear resistant
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
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- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
- B32B2419/06—Roofs, roof membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00586—Roofing materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
Definitions
- the disclosure generally relates to roofing systems.
- roofing systems typically have a metal deck, lightweight concrete, structural concrete, or wood deck (e.g., low-slope roof deck). These roofing systems usually have one or more layers of insulation on top of the roof deck and one or more waterproof layers that protect the insulation from moisture.
- the waterproof layers may decompose or breakdown.
- the ultraviolet light may break polymer chains in the water proofing material. As the polymer chains break the water proofing material becomes brittle and susceptible to cracking and/or breaking.
- some roofing systems place granules on top of the waterproof layers. The granules protect the underlying waterproof layers by absorbing and/or reflecting ultraviolet light.
- granules are typically colored (e.g., have a low reflectivity) and therefore absorb significant amounts of energy during the day, which may increase cooling costs.
- the present disclosure is directed to a membrane roofing system.
- the membrane roofing system includes a waterproof layer that protects an insulation layer and a granule having a 65% or greater reflectivity coupled to the waterproof layer.
- the granule protects the waterproof layer by reducing transmission of ultraviolet light to the waterproof layer.
- the granule is coated in a fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the granule from the waterproof layer.
- An aspect of the disclosure includes a built-up roofing system.
- the built-up roofing system includes a first waterproof layer that protects an insulation layer.
- a first fiberglass, polyester or combination fiberglass/polyester reinforced layer coupled to the first waterproof layer, and a granule having a 65% or greater reflectivity coupled to the first waterproof layer.
- the granule protects the first waterproof layer by reducing transmission of ultraviolet light to the first waterproof layer.
- the granule is coated in a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the granule from the waterproof layer.
- Another aspect of the disclosure includes a method of manufacturing a roofing system.
- the method begins by coating a granule.
- the coating includes a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the granule from a waterproof layer. After coating the granule, the granule is dried and coupled to the waterproof layer.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a membrane roofing system with granules
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a built-up roofing (BUR) system with granules;
- BUR built-up roofing
- FIG. 3 is a side view of an embodiment of a granule coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional detail view of an embodiment of a pore in a granule coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer;
- FIG. 5 is a process for preparing and attaching granules to a waterproof layer
- FIG. 6 is a process for preparing and attaching granules to a waterproof layer.
- the embodiments discussed below include a roofing system with granules coated with cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer.
- the cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer enables the granules to resist and/or block absorption/adsorption of asphaltic chemicals that may leach out of the waterproof layer. Absorption and/or adsorption of asphaltic chemicals may change the color of the granules and thus their reflectivity.
- the cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer enables highly reflective granules to maintain their reflectivity. The greater the granule's reflectivity the less energy absorbed by the roof, which reduces power consumption by building climate control systems.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a membrane roofing system 10 with granules 12 .
- the membrane roofing system 10 includes one or more insulation layers 14 that resist heat transfer through the roof of a building.
- the membrane roofing system 10 includes one or more waterproof layers or membranes 16 .
- the waterproof layer 16 may be reinforced with a matrix 18 (e.g., fiberglass, polyester, or fiberglass/polyester combination reinforcement) that increases the tensile strength and tear resistance of the waterproof layer 16 .
- a matrix 18 e.g., fiberglass, polyester, or fiberglass/polyester combination reinforcement
- the waterproof layers 16 may be an asphalt-based material (e.g., Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Modified Asphalt, Atactic Polypropylene (APP) Modified Asphalt, or Oxidized Asphalt Coating).
- Asphaltic chemicals are highly complex chemicals containing saturated and unsaturated aliphatic and aromatic compounds with up to 150 carbon atoms. Their composition varies depending on the source of crude oil. Many of the compounds contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and other heteroatoms. Asphalt typically contains about 80% by weight of carbon; around 10% hydrogen; up to 6% sulfur; small amounts of oxygen and nitrogen; and trace amounts of metals such as iron, nickel, and vanadium. The molecular weights of the constituent compounds range from several hundred to many thousands.
- the membrane roofing system 10 includes a layer 20 of granules 12 that block and/or reduce the amount of ultraviolet light that reaches the waterproof layer 16 .
- the granules 12 may be made out of stone, aluminum silicate, Barium Sulfate, sintered glass, ceramic, etc. and have a small particle size (e.g., 0.2 mm to 2.4 mm).
- the granules 12 have a greater surface area than regular masonry slab material, such as granite or limestone tile, which makes stain resistance a challenge, especially when the granules 12 are partially embedded in asphaltic material (e.g., asphaltic chemicals).
- the granules 12 reduce energy absorption by the membrane roofing system 10 .
- the granules 12 have a reflectivity of 65% or greater (e.g., 65%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or greater).
- the granules 12 decrease power consumption by climate control systems that cool the building.
- the highly reflective cool roof may also reduce the urban heat island effect.
- the granules 12 may absorb and/or adsorb asphaltic chemicals from the waterproof layer 16 . For example, high temperatures may cause asphaltic chemicals to leach out of the waterproof layer 16 .
- the granules 12 are coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer (e.g., DuPont® ST-100, DuPont® ST-110, or a combination thereof).
- the cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer coating may be about 0.001% to about 3.0% by weight of an uncoated granule 12 .
- the cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer blocks and/or reduces adsorption and/or absorption by the granule 12 of asphaltic chemicals in the waterproof layer 16 . Accordingly, the granules 12 are able to protect the waterproof layer 16 as well as maintain their reflectivity.
- the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer can be either acrylate or methylate copolymer that includes at least fluorinated alkyl containing acrylate/methacrylate monomer, such as 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl acrylate/methacrylate, and amine containing acrylate or methacrylate monomer, such as 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate.
- the amine functionality in particular tertiary and quaternary, may provide cationic sites along the polymer chain, which enables the polymer to be dispersed in aqueous solution.
- the cationic characteristic of the polymer enables it to wet and adsorb to a cementatious substrate, such as an aluminum silicate based granule 12 .
- the fluorinated alkyl chain of the cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer may provide both hydrophobic and lipophobic protection to the granule 12 .
- the polymer may include a silane containing monomer, such as methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, which may form a covalent bond with the granule 12 increasing adhesion and durability of the coating.
- anionic copolymers made with the same fluorinated alkyl acrylate/methylate co-monomer wet and coat the surface of the granule 12 poorly and do not provide the same hydrophobic and lipophobic protection.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a built-up roof (BUR) system 40 with granules 12 .
- the BUR system 40 includes one or more insulation layers 14 that resist heat transfer through the roof of a building.
- the BUR system 40 includes one or more waterproof layers or membranes 42 .
- the waterproof layers 42 may be a polymer material such as an asphalt-based material (e.g., Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Modified Asphalt, Atactic Polypropylene (APP) Modified Asphalt, or Oxidized Asphalt Coating)
- SBS Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene
- APP Atactic Polypropylene
- the BUR system 40 structurally reinforces the waterproof layers 42 with fiberglass, polyester, or fiberglass/polyester combination reinforcement layers 44 (e.g., fiberglass, polyester, or fiberglass/polyester combination reinforcement) that increase the tensile strength and tear resistance of the waterproof layers 42 .
- the fiberglass layers 44 are placed between the waterproof layers 42 in an alternating manner to strengthen the overall BUR system 40 .
- the membrane roofing system 10 includes a layer 20 of granules 12 that block and/or reduce the amount of ultraviolet light that reaches the exterior or outermost waterproof layer 42 .
- the granules 12 may be made out of stone, aluminum silicate, Barium Sulfate, sintered glass, ceramic, etc.
- the granules 12 reduce energy absorption by the BUR system 40 .
- the granules 12 have a reflectivity of 65% or greater (e.g., 65%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or greater). By reflecting light away from the BUR system 40 , the granules 12 decrease the amount of energy needed to cool the building. In other words, the granules 12 reduce power consumption by climate control units (e.g., air conditioning units).
- climate control units e.g., air conditioning units
- the granules 12 may absorb and/or adsorb color-changing chemicals, oils, etc. from the waterproof layers 42 .
- the high temperatures may cause asphaltic chemicals to leach out of the waterproof layers 42 . If these substances are absorbed and/or adsorbed by the granules 12 they can change the color of the granules 12 . A change in the granule 12 color changes the granule's reflectivity.
- the granules 12 are coated with a fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer (e.g., DuPont® ST-100, DuPont® ST-110, or a combination thereof).
- a fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer e.g., DuPont® ST-100, DuPont® ST-110, or a combination thereof.
- the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer blocks and/or reduces adsorption and/or absorption by the granule 12 of the chemicals, oils, etc. in the waterproof layers 42 . Accordingly, the granules 12 are able to protect the waterproof layers 42 as well as maintain their reflectivity.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of an embodiment of a granule 12 coated with a fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer.
- the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer blocks and/or reduces absorption/adsorption of asphaltic chemicals in the waterproof layers 16 , 42 .
- the granules 12 may be made out of a porous material.
- the granules 12 By coating the granules 12 with the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer, the granules 12 resist absorbing asphaltic chemicals through the pores 60 and/or adsorbing the asphaltic chemicals
- the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer coating enables the granules 12 to maintain their reflectance by resisting absorption/adsorption of asphaltic chemicals that leach out of the waterproof layers 16 , 42 .
- the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer coating may be about 0.001% to about 3.0% by weight of an uncoated granule 12 .
- Table 1 below illustrates the absorption/adsorption resistance of the granules 12 coated with cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer versus granules coated with silicone.
- the reflectance of the granule 12 remains unchanged when the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer coating amount is greater than 0.50% by weight of an uncoated granule 12 , while a granule 12 with a fluorinated acrylic copolymer coating of 0.25% by weight changes only slightly.
- the reflectance of a silicone coated granule changes significantly in the same testing procedures.
- the ability of the coating to provide stain resistance at low coating weight may be due to monolayer formation on the granule surface. As explained above, a reduction in reflectance increases energy absorption by the roof and thus energy consumption by climate control units.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional detail view of an embodiment of a pore 60 in a granule 12 coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer.
- the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer does not fill the pore 60 ; but instead, coats the interior surface 64 of the pore 60 .
- the fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer can form a monolayer on the substrate that protects at very low concentrations. This unique characteristic of fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer provides granule protection over a wide range of applied concentrations.
- the lipophobicity of the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer blocks or reduces absorption of oils into the granule 12 through the aperture 66 .
- the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer may completely fill the pore 60 blocking oil absorption by the granule 12 .
- FIG. 5 illustrates a process 80 for preparing and attaching the granules 12 to the waterproof layers 16 , 42 .
- the process 80 begins by coating the granules 12 in cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer dispersion, block 82 .
- the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer dispersion may be applied to the granules 12 via direct spray (e.g., quick spray) using a dispersion solution containing between about 10% to about 80% fluorinated acrylic copolymer.
- the concentration of the fluorinated acrylic copolymer in the solution may be determined by the liquid pickup of the granule 12 , so that the desired amount of cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer coats the granule 12 (e.g., coating amount between about 0.001% to about 0.5% by weight of an uncoated granule 12 ).
- the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer coating may be applied via dip coating.
- the granules 12 are then dried, block 84 .
- the granules 12 may be air-dried.
- the granules 12 may be dried in an oven (e.g., dried in an oven at about 100° C.).
- the granules 12 may be dried using a combination of air-drying and an oven.
- the granules 12 may be recoated with cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer and then dried again. This may be repeated multiple times (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or more times) to ensure adequate coating of the granules 12 .
- the granules 12 are attached to a waterproof layer 16 , 42 , block 86 .
- the waterproof layer 16 , 42 may be in a molten state when the granules 12 are placed on the waterproof layer 16 , 42 , block 86 .
- the waterproof layer 16 , 42 cools and hardens the granules 12 couple to the waterproof layer 16 , 42 .
- the granules 12 may couple to the waterproof layer 16 , 42 with an adhesive.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a process 90 for preparing and attaching the granules 12 to the waterproof layer 16 , 42 .
- the granules 12 are first attached to the waterproof layer 16 , 42 , block 92 .
- the waterproof layer 16 , 42 is in a molten state when the granules 12 are placed on the waterproof layer 16 , 42 .
- the granules 12 may couple to the waterproof layer 16 , 42 with an adhesive.
- the granules 12 are coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer, block 94 .
- the granules 12 may be coated via direct spray with a dispersion solution containing between about 10% to about 80% cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer.
- the concentration of the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer in the solution may be determined by the liquid pickup of the granule 12 , so that the desired amount of fluorinated acrylic copolymer coats the granule 12 (e.g., coating amount between about 0.001% to about 0.5% by weight of an uncoated granule 12 ).
- the fluorinated acrylic copolymer coating may be applied via dip coating.
- the granules 12 and waterproof layer 16 , 42 may be dipped together in a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer dispersion.
- only a portion of the granules 12 may be dipped in a cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer dispersion.
- the liquid pickup of the granules 12 may then facilitate coating and absorption of the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer.
- the granules 12 are dried, block 96 .
- the granules 12 may be air-dried.
- the granules 12 may be dried in an oven (e.g., dried in oven at temperatures around 100° C.).
- the granules 12 may be dried using a combination of air-drying and an oven.
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Abstract
A membrane roofing system that includes a waterproof layer that protects an insulation layer and a granule coupled to the waterproof layer. The granule has a 60% or greater reflectivity that reduces transmission of ultraviolet light to the waterproof layer. The granule is coated in a fluorinated acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the granule from the waterproof layer.
Description
- The disclosure generally relates to roofing systems.
- This section is intended to introduce the reader to various aspects of art that may be related to various aspects of the present invention, which are described and/or claimed below. This discussion is believed to be helpful in providing the reader with background information to facilitate a better understanding of the various aspects of the present invention. Accordingly, it should be understood that these statements are to be read in this light, and not as admissions of prior art.
- Commercial and industrial buildings typically have roofing systems with a metal deck, lightweight concrete, structural concrete, or wood deck (e.g., low-slope roof deck). These roofing systems usually have one or more layers of insulation on top of the roof deck and one or more waterproof layers that protect the insulation from moisture. However, without protection from the sun's ultraviolet light the waterproof layers may decompose or breakdown. For example, the ultraviolet light may break polymer chains in the water proofing material. As the polymer chains break the water proofing material becomes brittle and susceptible to cracking and/or breaking. To protect the waterproof layers, some roofing systems place granules on top of the waterproof layers. The granules protect the underlying waterproof layers by absorbing and/or reflecting ultraviolet light. However, granules are typically colored (e.g., have a low reflectivity) and therefore absorb significant amounts of energy during the day, which may increase cooling costs.
- The present disclosure is directed to a membrane roofing system. The membrane roofing system includes a waterproof layer that protects an insulation layer and a granule having a 65% or greater reflectivity coupled to the waterproof layer. The granule protects the waterproof layer by reducing transmission of ultraviolet light to the waterproof layer. The granule is coated in a fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the granule from the waterproof layer.
- An aspect of the disclosure includes a built-up roofing system. The built-up roofing system includes a first waterproof layer that protects an insulation layer. A first fiberglass, polyester or combination fiberglass/polyester reinforced layer coupled to the first waterproof layer, and a granule having a 65% or greater reflectivity coupled to the first waterproof layer. The granule protects the first waterproof layer by reducing transmission of ultraviolet light to the first waterproof layer. The granule is coated in a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the granule from the waterproof layer.
- Another aspect of the disclosure includes a method of manufacturing a roofing system. The method begins by coating a granule. The coating includes a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the granule from a waterproof layer. After coating the granule, the granule is dried and coupled to the waterproof layer.
- Various features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will be better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying figures in which like characters represent like parts throughout the figures, wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a membrane roofing system with granules; -
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a built-up roofing (BUR) system with granules; -
FIG. 3 is a side view of an embodiment of a granule coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer; -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional detail view of an embodiment of a pore in a granule coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer; -
FIG. 5 is a process for preparing and attaching granules to a waterproof layer; and -
FIG. 6 is a process for preparing and attaching granules to a waterproof layer. - One or more specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below. These embodiments are only exemplary of the present invention. Additionally, in an effort to provide a concise description of these exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described in the specification. It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it should be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure.
- The embodiments discussed below include a roofing system with granules coated with cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer. The cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer enables the granules to resist and/or block absorption/adsorption of asphaltic chemicals that may leach out of the waterproof layer. Absorption and/or adsorption of asphaltic chemicals may change the color of the granules and thus their reflectivity. By resisting absorption/adsorption of color changing substances from the waterproof layer, the cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer enables highly reflective granules to maintain their reflectivity. The greater the granule's reflectivity the less energy absorbed by the roof, which reduces power consumption by building climate control systems.
-
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of amembrane roofing system 10 withgranules 12. Themembrane roofing system 10 includes one ormore insulation layers 14 that resist heat transfer through the roof of a building. To protect the insulation layer(s) 14 from the environment (e.g., rain, snow), themembrane roofing system 10 includes one or more waterproof layers ormembranes 16. In some embodiments, thewaterproof layer 16 may be reinforced with a matrix 18 (e.g., fiberglass, polyester, or fiberglass/polyester combination reinforcement) that increases the tensile strength and tear resistance of thewaterproof layer 16. - The
waterproof layers 16 may be an asphalt-based material (e.g., Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Modified Asphalt, Atactic Polypropylene (APP) Modified Asphalt, or Oxidized Asphalt Coating). Asphaltic chemicals are highly complex chemicals containing saturated and unsaturated aliphatic and aromatic compounds with up to 150 carbon atoms. Their composition varies depending on the source of crude oil. Many of the compounds contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and other heteroatoms. Asphalt typically contains about 80% by weight of carbon; around 10% hydrogen; up to 6% sulfur; small amounts of oxygen and nitrogen; and trace amounts of metals such as iron, nickel, and vanadium. The molecular weights of the constituent compounds range from several hundred to many thousands. - As explained above, ultraviolet light can break down the
waterproof layer 16 by breaking polymer chains. As polymer chains break, the waterproof material may become brittle and susceptible to cracking and/or breaking. To protect thewaterproof layer 16, themembrane roofing system 10 includes alayer 20 ofgranules 12 that block and/or reduce the amount of ultraviolet light that reaches thewaterproof layer 16. Thegranules 12 may be made out of stone, aluminum silicate, Barium Sulfate, sintered glass, ceramic, etc. and have a small particle size (e.g., 0.2 mm to 2.4 mm). Thegranules 12 have a greater surface area than regular masonry slab material, such as granite or limestone tile, which makes stain resistance a challenge, especially when thegranules 12 are partially embedded in asphaltic material (e.g., asphaltic chemicals). - In addition to protecting the
waterproof layer 16, thegranules 12 reduce energy absorption by themembrane roofing system 10. For example, thegranules 12 have a reflectivity of 65% or greater (e.g., 65%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or greater). By reflecting light away from themembrane roofing system 10 thegranules 12 decrease power consumption by climate control systems that cool the building. In addition, the highly reflective cool roof may also reduce the urban heat island effect. Because thegranules 12 are embedded or otherwise in contact with thewaterproof layer 16, thegranules 12 may absorb and/or adsorb asphaltic chemicals from thewaterproof layer 16. For example, high temperatures may cause asphaltic chemicals to leach out of thewaterproof layer 16. If these substances are absorbed and/or adsorbed by thegranules 12 they may change the color of thegranules 12. A change ingranule 12 color changes the reflectivity of thegranule 12, which increases the energy absorbed by themembrane roofing system 10. To maintain the reflectivity of thegranules 12, thegranules 12 are coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer (e.g., DuPont® ST-100, DuPont® ST-110, or a combination thereof). The cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer coating may be about 0.001% to about 3.0% by weight of anuncoated granule 12. The cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer blocks and/or reduces adsorption and/or absorption by thegranule 12 of asphaltic chemicals in thewaterproof layer 16. Accordingly, thegranules 12 are able to protect thewaterproof layer 16 as well as maintain their reflectivity. - The cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer can be either acrylate or methylate copolymer that includes at least fluorinated alkyl containing acrylate/methacrylate monomer, such as 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl acrylate/methacrylate, and amine containing acrylate or methacrylate monomer, such as 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate. The amine functionality, in particular tertiary and quaternary, may provide cationic sites along the polymer chain, which enables the polymer to be dispersed in aqueous solution. In addition, the cationic characteristic of the polymer enables it to wet and adsorb to a cementatious substrate, such as an aluminum silicate based
granule 12. The fluorinated alkyl chain of the cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer may provide both hydrophobic and lipophobic protection to thegranule 12. In some embodiments, the polymer may include a silane containing monomer, such as methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, which may form a covalent bond with thegranule 12 increasing adhesion and durability of the coating. In contrast, anionic copolymers made with the same fluorinated alkyl acrylate/methylate co-monomer wet and coat the surface of thegranule 12 poorly and do not provide the same hydrophobic and lipophobic protection. -
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a built-up roof (BUR)system 40 withgranules 12. TheBUR system 40 includes one or more insulation layers 14 that resist heat transfer through the roof of a building. To protect the insulation layer(s) 14 from the environment (e.g., rain, snow), theBUR system 40 includes one or more waterproof layers ormembranes 42. The waterproof layers 42 may be a polymer material such as an asphalt-based material (e.g., Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Modified Asphalt, Atactic Polypropylene (APP) Modified Asphalt, or Oxidized Asphalt Coating) TheBUR system 40 structurally reinforces thewaterproof layers 42 with fiberglass, polyester, or fiberglass/polyester combination reinforcement layers 44 (e.g., fiberglass, polyester, or fiberglass/polyester combination reinforcement) that increase the tensile strength and tear resistance of the waterproof layers 42. As illustrated, the fiberglass layers 44 are placed between thewaterproof layers 42 in an alternating manner to strengthen theoverall BUR system 40. - As explained above, ultraviolet light may negatively affect the waterproof layer material. To protect the
waterproof layers 42, themembrane roofing system 10 includes alayer 20 ofgranules 12 that block and/or reduce the amount of ultraviolet light that reaches the exterior or outermostwaterproof layer 42. Thegranules 12 may be made out of stone, aluminum silicate, Barium Sulfate, sintered glass, ceramic, etc. In addition to protecting thewaterproof layers 42, thegranules 12 reduce energy absorption by theBUR system 40. For example, thegranules 12 have a reflectivity of 65% or greater (e.g., 65%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or greater). By reflecting light away from theBUR system 40, thegranules 12 decrease the amount of energy needed to cool the building. In other words, thegranules 12 reduce power consumption by climate control units (e.g., air conditioning units). - Because the
granules 12 are embedded or otherwise in contact with thewaterproof layers 42 thegranules 12 may absorb and/or adsorb color-changing chemicals, oils, etc. from the waterproof layers 42. For example, the high temperatures may cause asphaltic chemicals to leach out of the waterproof layers 42. If these substances are absorbed and/or adsorbed by thegranules 12 they can change the color of thegranules 12. A change in thegranule 12 color changes the granule's reflectivity. To maintain the reflectivity of thegranules 12, thegranules 12 are coated with a fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer (e.g., DuPont® ST-100, DuPont® ST-110, or a combination thereof). The cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer blocks and/or reduces adsorption and/or absorption by thegranule 12 of the chemicals, oils, etc. in the waterproof layers 42. Accordingly, thegranules 12 are able to protect thewaterproof layers 42 as well as maintain their reflectivity. -
FIG. 3 is a side view of an embodiment of agranule 12 coated with a fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer. The cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer blocks and/or reduces absorption/adsorption of asphaltic chemicals in thewaterproof layers granules 12 may be made out of a porous material. By coating thegranules 12 with the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer, thegranules 12 resist absorbing asphaltic chemicals through thepores 60 and/or adsorbing the asphaltic chemicals In other words, the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer coating enables thegranules 12 to maintain their reflectance by resisting absorption/adsorption of asphaltic chemicals that leach out of thewaterproof layers uncoated granule 12. - Table 1 below illustrates the absorption/adsorption resistance of the
granules 12 coated with cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer versus granules coated with silicone. In the example below, the reflectance of thegranule 12 remains unchanged when the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer coating amount is greater than 0.50% by weight of anuncoated granule 12, while agranule 12 with a fluorinated acrylic copolymer coating of 0.25% by weight changes only slightly. In contrast, the reflectance of a silicone coated granule changes significantly in the same testing procedures. The ability of the coating to provide stain resistance at low coating weight may be due to monolayer formation on the granule surface. As explained above, a reduction in reflectance increases energy absorption by the roof and thus energy consumption by climate control units. -
TABLE 1 Change in Coating Amount Granule Reflectance with Cationic fluorinated (coating amount is Cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer Granule Reflectance Change in Silicone shown in percent by (meth)acrylic copolymer Coated Granule with Silicone Coated Granule weight of an Coating (28 Days of Dark Reflectance (original Coating (28 Days of Dark Reflectance (original uncoated granule) Oven Exposure at 80° C.) reflectance 73.9%) Oven Exposure at 80° C.) reflectance 73.9%) 0.25% 72.4% −1.5% 53.1% −19.3% 0.50% 73.9% 0% 60.1% −14.2% 0.75% 73.9% 0% 57.7% −16.1% 1.0% 73.9% 0% 58.7% −14.9% 2.0% 73.9% 0% 62.9% −11.0% -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional detail view of an embodiment of apore 60 in agranule 12 coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer. As illustrated, the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer does not fill thepore 60; but instead, coats theinterior surface 64 of thepore 60. In some instance, the fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer can form a monolayer on the substrate that protects at very low concentrations. This unique characteristic of fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer provides granule protection over a wide range of applied concentrations. Even though theinterior surface 64 is covered, the lipophobicity of the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer blocks or reduces absorption of oils into thegranule 12 through theaperture 66. In some embodiments, the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer may completely fill thepore 60 blocking oil absorption by thegranule 12. -
FIG. 5 illustrates aprocess 80 for preparing and attaching thegranules 12 to thewaterproof layers process 80 begins by coating thegranules 12 in cationic fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer dispersion, block 82. In some embodiments, the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer dispersion may be applied to thegranules 12 via direct spray (e.g., quick spray) using a dispersion solution containing between about 10% to about 80% fluorinated acrylic copolymer. The concentration of the fluorinated acrylic copolymer in the solution may be determined by the liquid pickup of thegranule 12, so that the desired amount of cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer coats the granule 12 (e.g., coating amount between about 0.001% to about 0.5% by weight of an uncoated granule 12). In another embodiment, the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer coating may be applied via dip coating. - The
granules 12 are then dried, block 84. In some embodiments, thegranules 12 may be air-dried. In another embodiment, thegranules 12 may be dried in an oven (e.g., dried in an oven at about 100° C.). In still other embodiments, thegranules 12 may be dried using a combination of air-drying and an oven. In some embodiments, thegranules 12 may be recoated with cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer and then dried again. This may be repeated multiple times (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or more times) to ensure adequate coating of thegranules 12. Once thegranules 12 are dried, thegranules 12 are attached to awaterproof layer block 86. For example, thewaterproof layer granules 12 are placed on thewaterproof layer block 86. As thewaterproof layer granules 12 couple to thewaterproof layer granules 12 may couple to thewaterproof layer -
FIG. 6 illustrates aprocess 90 for preparing and attaching thegranules 12 to thewaterproof layer granules 12 and then attaching thegranules 12 to thewaterproof layer granules 12 are first attached to thewaterproof layer block 92. In some embodiments, thewaterproof layer granules 12 are placed on thewaterproof layer waterproof layer granules 12 couple to thewaterproof layer granules 12 may couple to thewaterproof layer - Once the
granules 12 are coupled to thewaterproof layer granules 12 are coated with a cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer, block 94. For example, thegranules 12 may be coated via direct spray with a dispersion solution containing between about 10% to about 80% cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer. The concentration of the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer in the solution may be determined by the liquid pickup of thegranule 12, so that the desired amount of fluorinated acrylic copolymer coats the granule 12 (e.g., coating amount between about 0.001% to about 0.5% by weight of an uncoated granule 12). In another embodiment, the fluorinated acrylic copolymer coating may be applied via dip coating. For example, thegranules 12 andwaterproof layer granules 12 may be dipped in a cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer dispersion. The liquid pickup of thegranules 12 may then facilitate coating and absorption of the cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer. - After coating the
granules 12, thegranules 12 are dried, block 96. In some embodiments, thegranules 12 may be air-dried. In another embodiment, thegranules 12 may be dried in an oven (e.g., dried in oven at temperatures around 100° C.). In still other embodiments, thegranules 12 may be dried using a combination of air-drying and an oven. - While the invention may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and have been described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. A membrane roofing system, comprising:
a waterproof layer configured to protect an insulation layer; and
an aluminum silicate granule having a particle size between 0.2 mm-2.4 mm coupled to the waterproof layer, wherein the aluminum silicate granule has a 65% or greater reflectivity and is configured to reduce transmission of ultraviolet light to the waterproof layer, and wherein the aluminum silicate granule is, before coupling to the waterproof layer, coated in a cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the aluminum silicate granule from the waterproof layer.
2. The system of claim 1 , comprising the insulation layer, wherein the waterproof layer couples to the insulation layer.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum silicate granule is porous.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the waterproof layer is an asphalt-based membrane.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the waterproof layer comprises a fiberglass, polyester or fiberglass/polyester matrix configured to reinforce the waterproof layer.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reflectivity of the aluminum silicate granule is greater than 70%.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reflectivity of the aluminum silicate granule is greater than 80%.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated acrylic copolymer coating is at least 0.001% by weight of an uncoated aluminum silicate granule.
9. A built-up roofing system, comprising:
a first waterproof layer configured to protect an insulation layer;
a first fiberglass layer configured to support the first waterproof layer; and
an aluminum silicate granule having a particle size between 0.2 mm-2.4 mm coupled to the first waterproof layer, wherein the aluminum silicate granule has a 60% or greater reflectivity and is configured to reduce transmission of ultraviolet light to the first waterproof layer, and wherein the aluminum silicate granule is, before coupling to the first waterproof layer, coated in a fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the aluminum silicate granule.
10. The system of claim 9 , comprising a second waterproof layer.
11. The system of claim 9 , comprising a second fiberglass, polyester, or fiberglass/polyester reinforced layer.
12. The system of claim 9 , comprising the insulation layer.
13. The system of claim 9 , wherein the aluminum silicate granule is porous.
14. The system of claim 9 , wherein the first waterproof layer is an asphalt-based membrane.
15. The system of claim 9 , wherein the reflectivity of the aluminum silicate granule is greater than 70%.
16. The system of claim 9 , wherein the reflectivity of the aluminum silicate granule is greater than 80%.
17. The system of claim 9 , wherein the fluorinated acrylic copolymer coating is at least 0.001% by weight of an uncoated aluminum silicate granule.
18. A method of manufacturing a roofing system, comprising:
coating an aluminum silicate granule having a particle size between 0.2 mm-2.4 mm and a reflectivity of 60%, wherein the coating comprises a fluorinated (meth) acrylic copolymer that resists adsorption and absorption of asphaltic chemicals by the aluminum silicate granule from a waterproof layer;
drying the coating on the aluminum silicate granule; and
coupling the coated aluminum silicate granule to the waterproof layer.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the waterproof layer is an asphalt-based membrane.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the coating is at least 0.001% by weight of an uncoated aluminum silicate granule of the fluorinated acrylic copolymer.
Priority Applications (3)
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US15/184,513 US20170362831A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Cool roof systems and methods |
CA2970690A CA2970690A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2017-06-14 | Cool roof systems and methods |
EP17176427.7A EP3258030B1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2017-06-16 | Cool roof systems and methods |
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US15/184,513 US20170362831A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Cool roof systems and methods |
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US15/184,513 Abandoned US20170362831A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Cool roof systems and methods |
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EP (1) | EP3258030B1 (en) |
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CN112832392A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-25 | 北京华林瑞思科技发展有限公司 | Composite type isolation sand and preparation method thereof |
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JP4093179B2 (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2008-06-04 | 東亞合成株式会社 | Rooftop exterior insulation waterproofing method |
US9044921B2 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2015-06-02 | Certainteed Corporation | Solar heat reflective roofing membrane and process for making the same |
CA2688340C (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2016-02-09 | Certainteed Corporation | Roofing granules with high solar reflectance, roofing products with high solar reflectance, and processes for preparing same |
CA2775818C (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2016-11-01 | National Coatings Corporation | Highly reflective roofing system |
SG11201610230YA (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2017-01-27 | Amberger Kaolinwerke Eduard Kick Gmbh & Co Kg | Roof coating system |
-
2016
- 2016-06-16 US US15/184,513 patent/US20170362831A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2017
- 2017-06-14 CA CA2970690A patent/CA2970690A1/en active Pending
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CN112832392A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-25 | 北京华林瑞思科技发展有限公司 | Composite type isolation sand and preparation method thereof |
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CA2970690A1 (en) | 2017-12-16 |
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