US20170328698A1 - Non-destructive detection method and device of effective anchorage depth of full-length bonding anchor - Google Patents

Non-destructive detection method and device of effective anchorage depth of full-length bonding anchor Download PDF

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Publication number
US20170328698A1
US20170328698A1 US15/243,970 US201615243970A US2017328698A1 US 20170328698 A1 US20170328698 A1 US 20170328698A1 US 201615243970 A US201615243970 A US 201615243970A US 2017328698 A1 US2017328698 A1 US 2017328698A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
anchor bolt
acceleration
effective anchorage
destructive testing
borehole
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US15/243,970
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English (en)
Inventor
Ning Liu
Chunsheng Zhang
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PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
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PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd filed Critical PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
Assigned to POWERCHINA HUADONG ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. reassignment POWERCHINA HUADONG ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LIU, NING, ZHANG, CHUNSHENG
Publication of US20170328698A1 publication Critical patent/US20170328698A1/en
Priority to US16/383,644 priority Critical patent/US10684111B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring depth
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/18—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring depth
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08—Shock-testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B2210/00—Aspects not specifically covered by any group under G01B, e.g. of wheel alignment, caliper-like sensors
    • G01B2210/66—Rock or ground anchors having deformation measuring means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for non-destructive testing of an effective anchorage depth of a fully grouted anchor bolt, which are applicable in geotechnical engineering.
  • Anchor bolts have been widely used in underground engineering of areas such as mines, hydropower, and transportation. Particularly, using anchor bolts, together with concrete, as permanent support in large underground cavern groups and high slopes has been employed in many engineering projects.
  • An anchor bolt primarily has functions such as suspension, extrusion, and reinforcement, and functions to convert a radially pressing pressure of surrounding rock into a tangential pressure, so as to make use of a bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, strengthen self-stability of the surrounding rock, and prevent a plastic zone of the surrounding rock from being further expanded.
  • Bolting and grouting can reinforce surrounding rock, increase cohesion and an angle of friction of the surrounding rock, and improve the strength of rock, so as to enable the surrounding rock to be cemented into a continuous reinforcement ring and to form an integral support structure system.
  • Anchor bolt can be classified, according to an anchoring form, into fully grouted anchor bolt, end anchorage type anchor bolt, friction type anchor bolt, and the like, in which the fully grouted anchor bolt is most widely applied.
  • the fully grouted anchor bolt means that an anchor bolt hole is fully filled with an adhesive material, and the adhesive material mainly includes cement slurry, cement mortar, quick-setting cement anchoring agent, resin (including cartridge and resin), and the like.
  • a fully grouted anchor bolt is characterized in that, when the fully grouted anchor bolt is installed, an anchor bolt hole needs to be filled with an adhesive material, so as to enable a gap between a bolt body and a hole wall is densely filled by using the adhesive material, and the bolt body is anchored in rock after the adhesive material is set and hardened.
  • the fully grouted anchor bolt is closely adhered to the hole wall by using the adhesive material.
  • a deformation stress of the rock is transmitted, through the adhesive material, to the anchor bolt to bear, that is, the anchor bolt provides a force for constraining the deformation to the rock, so as to reduce the deformation of surrounding rock.
  • a length of an anchor bolt is generally 3-6 m.
  • all parts of the fully grouted anchor bolt that are in contact with rock need to implement functions.
  • a part of length of the anchor bolt near an opening section fails to completely implement a function, which means that an anchorage length with respect to the rock fails to meet an original design requirement. Therefore, in FIG. 1 , an anchor bolt is divided into an extended section, a free section, and an anchoring section.
  • the extended section is secured to a rock wall by using a plate and a nut.
  • the free section is a length that fails to implement a function of the anchoring bolt due to adhesion quality.
  • the anchoring section actually implements a function in the engineering, and an engineering designer concerns the anchoring section most.
  • a most common method for testing anchoring quality of an anchor bolt is over-coring an anchor bolt hole. Although this method can soundly test the anchoring quality, the method needs to damage an installed anchor bolt, and the anchor bolt needs to be replaced and installed again after the testing is completed. Later, non-destructive testing methods emerge. Most of the non-destructive testing methods are dependent on approaches such as ultrasound, acoustic emission, and the like. By means of collection of sound and light signals transmitted by a bolt body, a defect of and installation quality of an anchor bolt are determined. However, the foregoing non-destructive testing methods can merely determine installation quality of an anchor bolt, but fail to accurately measure an anchorage length of the anchor bolt.
  • a technical problem to be resolved by the present invention is: providing, with regard to the foregoing existing problems, a method for non-destructive testing of an effective anchorage depth of a fully grouted anchor bolt that is convenient to operate, is non-destructive to an anchor bolt, and is capable of testing an anchorage length of the anchor bolt.
  • the present invention further provides an apparatus for non-destructive testing of an effective anchorage depth of a fully grouted anchor bolt, which is of a simple structure, is convenient to install, is of low costs, and is capable of measuring an anchorage length of an anchor bolt without damaging the anchor bolt.
  • a technical solution used in the present invention is: a method for non-destructive testing of an effective anchorage depth of a fully grouted anchor bolt, including:
  • an acceleration value is stable, it is determined that the anchor bolt of a position at which a corresponding accelerometer is located is closely adhered to surrounding rock, and the position represents an effective anchorage length of the anchor bolt, and otherwise, if an acceleration value is noticeably vibrated, it is determined that adhesion of a position at which a corresponding accelerometer is located is insufficiently close, the anchor bolt is loose, and the position fails to represent an effective anchorage length of the anchor bolt.
  • installing the anchor bolt including: installing the accelerometers on the anchor bolt, placing the anchor bolt at a center of a borehole, leading out transmission cables connected to the accelerometers, and fastening the anchor bolt to the borehole by using an adhesive material;
  • S 02 installing an acceleration excitation apparatus and an acceleration monitoring apparatus, including: installing an acceleration excitation apparatus and an acceleration monitoring apparatus at the extended section of the anchor bolt after the adhesive material in the borehole reaches designed strength, and connecting the acceleration monitoring apparatus to the accelerometers by using the transmission cables; and
  • S 03 testing an effective anchorage length, including: axially applying a force to the anchor bolt by using the acceleration excitation apparatus; observing, by using the acceleration monitoring apparatus, the acceleration values obtained by the accelerometers, where if the anchor bolt is closely adhered to the surrounding rock, and an acceleration value is stable and is small, the position represents an effective anchorage length of the anchor bolt, and if an acceleration value is noticeably vibrated, it is indicated that the anchor bolt of the position is loose, and the position fails to represent an effective anchorage length of the anchor bolt.
  • the force axially applied by the acceleration excitation apparatus to the anchor bolt in step S 03 is 10 KN-50 KN, and the force is gradually increased with an increment of 10 KN each time.
  • An apparatus for non-destructive testing of an effective anchorage depth of a fully grouted anchor bolt configured to test an anchorage length of a fully grouted anchor bolt, where the anchor bolt is placed in a borehole that is fully filled with an adhesive material; the anchor bolt is fastened to a rock wall by using a steel plate at an opening of the borehole; an acceleration excitation apparatus that can apply an axial vibration force to the anchor bolt is installed at an extended section of the anchor bolt; several accelerometers are installed, along an axial direction of the anchor bolt, on the anchor bolt in the borehole; and the accelerometers are electrically connected to an acceleration monitoring apparatus outside the borehole by using transmission cables.
  • the acceleration excitation apparatus and the acceleration monitoring apparatus are installed in a sleeve, and are installed at an end of the extended section of the anchor bolt by using the sleeve; and the acceleration excitation apparatus is securely connected to the anchor bolt by using a connection rod and a loading ring.
  • a compression type dynamometer used to measure a vibration force of the acceleration excitation apparatus is disposed between the steel plate and the sleeve.
  • a plate is disposed between one end of the compression type dynamometer and the steel plate and a plate is disposed between the other end of the compression type dynamometer and the sleeve.
  • the sleeve is connected to a top end of a vertical stabilizer bar in a manner of capable of axially and horizontally moving along the anchor bolt, and the other end of the stabilizer bar is fastened to ground.
  • An electromagnetic vibrator is used as the acceleration excitation apparatus, and an acceleration vibration pickup is used as the acceleration monitoring apparatus.
  • Beneficial effects of the present invention are: with the present invention, anchoring quality is evaluated by using accelerations, so that no destruction to an anchor bolt is caused, a testing effect is more accurate, and structure reliability is higher; when adhesion of a position at which an accelerometer is located is insufficiently close, the accelerometer is loose when an anchor bolt is subjected to a power, and consequently, an acceleration value measured by the accelerometer vibrates.
  • the patent of the present invention relates to non-destructive testing, and therefore, no destruction to an anchor bolt is caused. Different from other non-destructive testing methods that require complex preparations and sophisticated testing equipment, in the present invention, site implementation is easy. Moreover, in the present patent, accelerometers are disposed at positions of different depths of an anchor bolt, so that a testing effect is more accurate, and structural reliability is higher.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anchor bolt in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of installing an extended section of the anchor bolt according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides an apparatus for non-destructive testing of an effective anchorage depth of a fully grouted anchor bolt.
  • An anchor bolt 1 is placed in a borehole that is fully filled with an adhesive material, and the anchor bolt 1 is fastened to a rock wall by using a steel plate 2 at an opening of the borehole.
  • several accelerometers 7 are installed along an axial direction of the anchor bolt 1 in the borehole.
  • An acceleration excitation apparatus 9 an electromagnetic vibrator is used in this embodiment
  • an acceleration monitoring apparatus 10 an acceleration vibration pickup is used in this embodiment
  • the acceleration monitoring apparatus 10 is electrically connected to the accelerometers 7 in the borehole by using transmission cables 8 .
  • the acceleration excitation apparatus 9 and the acceleration monitoring apparatus 10 are installed in a sleeve 3 , and are installed at an end of the extended section of the anchor bolt 1 by using the sleeve.
  • the acceleration excitation apparatus 9 is securely connected to the anchor bolt 1 by using a connection rod 11 and a loading ring 12 .
  • the acceleration excitation apparatus 9 can apply an axial vibration force to the anchor bolt 1 .
  • the sleeve 3 is connected to ground by using a vertical stabilizer bar 4 .
  • the sleeve 3 is connected to the end of the extended section of the anchor bolt 1 in a manner of capable of axially moving along the anchor bolt 1 .
  • the sleeve 3 and the anchor bolt 1 form an integral body, so as to prevent torque, especially torque in a horizontal direction, from being generated when the anchor bolt 1 is impacted.
  • the torque, especially the torque in the horizontal direction easily causes side effects to the connection rod, and affects a testing result.
  • a compression type dynamometer 5 is disposed between the steel plate 2 and the sleeve 3 , so as to review a force applied by the acceleration excitation apparatus 9 .
  • a plate 6 is disposed between one end of the compression type dynamometer 5 and the steel plate 2 , and a plate 6 is disposed between the other end of the compression type dynamometer 5 and the sleeve 3 , so as to ensure that a force is transferred and received uniformly, and to ensure a measurement effect of the dynamometer.
  • the blot is instantly inserted after grouting is completed; when the bolt is inserted, the bolt should be slowly pushed, and should not be inserted in an impact approach, so as to ensure a measurement effect of the accelerometers 7 ; and after being installed, no force should be applied to the anchor bolt 1 within 48 hours.
  • the acceleration excitation apparatus 9 and the acceleration monitoring apparatus 10 are installed at the extended section of the anchor bolt 1 , and the acceleration monitoring apparatus 10 is connected to the transmission cables 8 .
  • a force of 10 KN-50 KN is axially applied to the anchor bolt 1 by using the acceleration excitation apparatus 9 , and the force is gradually increased with an increment of 10 KN each time, so as to check a testing result.
  • Acceleration values obtained by the accelerometers 7 are observed by using the acceleration monitoring apparatus 10 , where if the anchor bolt 1 is closely adhered to the surrounding rock, and an acceleration value is stable and is small, the position represents an effective anchorage length of the anchor bolt, and if an acceleration value is noticeably vibrated, it is indicated that adhesion of the position is insufficiently close, the anchor bolt is loose, and the position fails to represent an effective anchorage length of the anchor bolt.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
US15/243,970 2016-05-10 2016-08-23 Non-destructive detection method and device of effective anchorage depth of full-length bonding anchor Abandoned US20170328698A1 (en)

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CN201610303768.5A CN105865397B (zh) 2016-05-10 2016-05-10 全长粘结型锚杆有效锚固深度无损检测方法及装置

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN108130896A (zh) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-08 张玉芳 超深孔深部位移监测装置及其安装施工方法
CN110344868A (zh) * 2019-08-23 2019-10-18 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 一种可承受隧道大变形的锚杆-锚索支护体系及使用方法
CN111965254A (zh) * 2019-11-05 2020-11-20 中国葛洲坝集团第二工程有限公司 长外露锚杆无损检测方法
CN112213391A (zh) * 2020-10-15 2021-01-12 山东省交通科学研究院 一种锚杆无损激振检查装置
JP2021009111A (ja) * 2019-07-02 2021-01-28 株式会社ケー・エフ・シー Ｊ型アンカーボルトの定着状態判定装置及び定着状態判定方法

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DE102017106485A1 (de) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-27 Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Anordnung eines Ankers in einem Ankerloch und Befestigungssystem
CN110206534A (zh) * 2019-06-06 2019-09-06 张同德 跨斜孔电阻率ct成像注浆封孔电缆保护装置及使用方法
CN110469354A (zh) * 2019-08-30 2019-11-19 东北大学 一种用于围岩微震监测的抗拉拔锚杆
CN110715760B (zh) * 2019-10-30 2021-09-14 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 全长粘结倾斜锚杆轴力监测装置及实验方法
CN112343637B (zh) * 2020-12-03 2024-05-17 昆明理工大学 一种锚固剂弹送器及其工作方法
CN113513973A (zh) * 2021-04-21 2021-10-19 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 一种隧道深层围岩松动圈变形监测方法
CN114674367B (zh) * 2022-03-16 2024-05-31 神木县隆德矿业有限责任公司 煤矿巷道围岩锚网支护施工质量检测的检测尺及应用方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108130896A (zh) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-08 张玉芳 超深孔深部位移监测装置及其安装施工方法
JP2021009111A (ja) * 2019-07-02 2021-01-28 株式会社ケー・エフ・シー Ｊ型アンカーボルトの定着状態判定装置及び定着状態判定方法
JP7252698B2 (ja) 2019-07-02 2023-04-05 株式会社ケー・エフ・シー Ｊ型アンカーボルトの定着状態判定装置及び定着状態判定方法
CN110344868A (zh) * 2019-08-23 2019-10-18 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 一种可承受隧道大变形的锚杆-锚索支护体系及使用方法
CN111965254A (zh) * 2019-11-05 2020-11-20 中国葛洲坝集团第二工程有限公司 长外露锚杆无损检测方法
CN112213391A (zh) * 2020-10-15 2021-01-12 山东省交通科学研究院 一种锚杆无损激振检查装置

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US10684111B2 (en) 2020-06-16
CN105865397B (zh) 2019-01-01
CN105865397A (zh) 2016-08-17
US20190234724A1 (en) 2019-08-01

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