US20160244589A1 - Modified conjugated diene polymer, method for preparing the same and rubber composition comprising the same - Google Patents
Modified conjugated diene polymer, method for preparing the same and rubber composition comprising the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20160244589A1 US20160244589A1 US14/381,123 US201314381123A US2016244589A1 US 20160244589 A1 US20160244589 A1 US 20160244589A1 US 201314381123 A US201314381123 A US 201314381123A US 2016244589 A1 US2016244589 A1 US 2016244589A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- conjugated diene
- diene polymer
- modified conjugated
- weight
- rubber composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006732 (C1-C15) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 aromatic diene Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 0 *[Si](C)([1*]C([2*]N([4*])[5*])[3*]N([6*])[7*])PC.C.C Chemical compound *[Si](C)([1*]C([2*]N([4*])[5*])[3*]N([6*])[7*])PC.C.C 0.000 description 9
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 9
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical group CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilicon Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)OC PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical group C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VDNSZPNSUQRUMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(C=C)=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 VDNSZPNSUQRUMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRRXUCMQOPNVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 RRRXUCMQOPNVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVTGQMLRTKFKAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 VVTGQMLRTKFKAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIEANVCCDIRIDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-5-hexylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCCCCC)=CC=CC2=C1C=C OIEANVCCDIRIDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGWOAPBVIGCNOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenyldec-5-ene Chemical compound CCCCC=C(C=C)CCCC UGWOAPBVIGCNOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical group CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IMJGQTCMUZMLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-dien-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 IMJGQTCMUZMLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical group CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZWPUOFSQNASCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-ethoxyethoxy)butane Chemical group CCCCOCCOCC ZWPUOFSQNASCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXRMKZFYQISIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n,1-n',1-n',2-n,2-n,2-n',2-n'-octamethylethene-1,1,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound CN(C)C(N(C)C)=C(N(C)C)N(C)C CBXRMKZFYQISIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical group CN(C)CCOCCN(C)C GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZLHAQMQWDDWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(oxolan-2-yl)propan-2-yl]oxolane Chemical compound C1CCOC1C(C)(C)C1CCCO1 FZLHAQMQWDDWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFFBIQMNKOJDJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(Br)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZFFBIQMNKOJDJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSBDTEMAXHVRBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical group CCOCCN(C)C CSBDTEMAXHVRBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZATOFRITFRPYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=C2C([Li])=CC=CC2=C1 Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C([Li])=CC=CC2=C1 ZATOFRITFRPYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTYDXFVCCCPXRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C Chemical compound [Li]C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C NTYDXFVCCCPXRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYOQEFGAZKEPGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 Chemical compound [Li]C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 FYOQEFGAZKEPGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEVZJBPKDJZGFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]C1=CC=C(CCCC)C=C1 Chemical compound [Li]C1=CC=C(CCCC)C=C1 SEVZJBPKDJZGFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGXFZXSTCZIQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]C1CC(CCCCCCC)CC(CCCCCCC)C1 Chemical compound [Li]C1CC(CCCCCCC)CC(CCCCCCC)C1 XAGXFZXSTCZIQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFASRCHQAYIROH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]C1CCCC1 Chemical compound [Li]C1CCCC1 LFASRCHQAYIROH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHJXVDAAVHAKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]CCCCCCCCCC Chemical compound [Li]CCCCCCCCCC SHJXVDAAVHAKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZBHJENIKYQMHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC Chemical compound [Li]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC WZBHJENIKYQMHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LEKSIJZGSFETSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane;lithium Chemical compound [Li]C1CCCCC1 LEKSIJZGSFETSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- BLHLJVCOVBYQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CC BLHLJVCOVBYQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium amide Chemical compound [Li+].[NH2-] AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZAVVKVUMPLRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;propane Chemical compound [Li+].C[CH-]C SZAVVKVUMPLRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010551 living anionic polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyllithium Chemical compound C[Li] DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZUGBLTVBZJZOE-KRWDZBQOSA-N n-[3-[(4s)-2-amino-1,4-dimethyl-6-oxo-5h-pyrimidin-4-yl]phenyl]-5-chloropyrimidine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound N1=C(N)N(C)C(=O)C[C@@]1(C)C1=CC=CC(NC(=O)C=2N=CC(Cl)=CN=2)=C1 VZUGBLTVBZJZOE-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002900 organolithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NHKJPPKXDNZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyllithium Chemical compound [Li]C1=CC=CC=C1 NHKJPPKXDNZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium amide Chemical compound [NH2-].[Na+] ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical group CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
-
- C07F7/1836—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/25—Incorporating silicon atoms into the molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/30—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule
- C08C19/42—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with metals or metal-containing groups
- C08C19/44—Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule reacting with metals or metal-containing groups of polymers containing metal atoms exclusively at one or both ends of the skeleton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/10—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated with vinyl-aromatic monomers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/14—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/548—Silicon-containing compounds containing sulfur
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a modified conjugated diene polymer, a method for preparing the same and a rubber composition comprising the same.
- the present invention relates to a modified conjugated diene polymer which exhibits superior compatibility with a reinforcing filler, heat generation, tensile strength and abrasion resistance, low fuel consumption and excellent wet skid resistance, a method for preparing the same and a rubber composition comprising the same.
- silica is used as reinforcing fillers for tire treads.
- silica is used as a reinforcing filler, advantageously, hysteresis loss is reduced or wet skid resistance is improved.
- silica having a hydrophilic surface has a disadvantage of low dispersibility of silica in rubbers due to low affinity to conjugated diene rubbers. Accordingly, use of additional silane coupling agent is required to improve dispersibility of silica in rubbers or form silica-rubber bonds.
- silica used as a reinforcing filler provides a modified conjugated diene polymer which exhibits superior compatibility, heat generation, tensile strength and abrasion resistance, low fuel consumption and excellent wet skid resistance, and a rubber composition comprising the same.
- the present invention has been completed based on this discovery.
- a is an integer of 0 to 2
- b is an integer of 0 to 2
- c is an integer of 1 to 3 with the proviso that a+b+c equals 3.
- the conjugated diene polymer chain is a conjugated diene monomer, or a copolymer of a conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer.
- a method for preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer comprising (a) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer, or a mixture of a conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of a solvent containing an organometallic compound to prepare an active conjugated diene polymer having a metal end, and (b) modifying the active conjugated diene polymer with a compound represented by the following Formula 2 as a modifying agent:
- a rubber composition comprising 0.1 to 200 parts by weight of a reinforcing filler with respect to 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer.
- a tire comprising the rubber composition.
- a modifying agent used for preparation of the modified conjugated diene polymer.
- the rubber composition comprising the modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention, when mixed with silica as a reinforcing filler, advantageously, exhibits superior compatibility with a reinforcing filler, heat generation, tensile strength and abrasion resistance, low fuel consumption and excellent wet skid resistance.
- the modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention comprises a polymer represented by the following Formula 1:
- a is an integer of 0 to 2
- b is an integer of 0 to 2
- c is an integer of 1 to 3 with the proviso that a+b+c equals 3.
- R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 9 are for example an alkyl group or a C 1 -C 15 alkyl group.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are for example an alkylene group, preferably, a C 1 -C 15 alkylene group.
- R 4 , R 2 and R 3 are a bivalent alkylsilyl group, preferably, a bivalent C 1 -C 15 alkylsilyl group.
- the alkylsilyl group according to the present invention is, for example, a linked group such as alkylene-silyl-alkylene, silyl-alkylene or alkylene-silyl.
- the conjugated diene polymer chain is for example a conjugated diene monomer, or a copolymer of the conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer.
- the conjugated diene polymer chain may be a polymer chain comprising 0.0001 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 35% by weight, more preferably 20 to 30% by weight of the aromatic vinyl monomer, based on 100% by weight in total of the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer.
- the conjugated diene polymer may be for example a random copolymer of the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer.
- the conjugated diene monomer for example, comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, piperylene, 3-butyl-1,3-octadiene, isoprene, and 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene.
- the conjugated diene monomer may be 1,3-butadiene, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the aromatic vinyl monomer for example, comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-propylstyrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, 4-(p-methylphenyl)styrene, and 1-vinyl-5-hexylnaphthalene.
- the aromatic vinyl monomer is styrene or ⁇ -methylstyrene, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the modified conjugated diene polymer for example, has a Mooney viscosity of 40 or higher, preferably 40 to 90, more preferably 45 to 85, most preferably 50 to 80.
- the modified conjugated diene polymer for example, has a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 2,000,000 g/mol, preferably 10,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol, more preferably 100,000 to 500,000 g/mol.
- the conjugated diene polymer for example, has a vinyl content of 25% or higher, preferably 30 to 70%, more preferably 40 to 60%. Within this range, there are advantages in that glass transition temperature of the polymer is increased, properties, such as running resistance and brake power, required for produced tires are satisfied and fuel consumption is reduced.
- the vinyl content means a content of a unit having a vinyl group, or a content of a 1,2-added conjugated diene monomer rather than a 1,4-added conjugated diene monomer with respect to 100% by weight of the conjugated diene monomer.
- the modified conjugated diene polymer may, for example, have a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.5 to 10, preferably 0.5 to 5, more preferably 1.0 to 2.0.
- PDI polydispersity index
- the modified conjugated diene polymer for example, has a Tan ⁇ at 0° C. (loss modulus at 0° C.), measured at 10 Hz by dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) after mixing with silica, of 0.6 to 1, preferably 0.9 to 1. Within this range, there is an effect in that skid resistance or wet skid resistance is greatly improved, as compared to the related art.
- Tan ⁇ at 0° C. loss modulus at 0° C.
- DMA dynamic-mechanical analysis
- the modified conjugated diene polymer has, for example, a Tan ⁇ at 60° C., of 0.06 to 0.09, preferably, 0.06 to 0.08.
- a Tan ⁇ at 60° C. of 0.06 to 0.09, preferably, 0.06 to 0.08.
- rolling resistance or rotational resistance (RR) is advantageously greatly improved, as compared to the related art.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention including (a) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer, or a mixture of the conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of a solvent containing an organometallic compound to prepare an active conjugated diene polymer having a metal end, and (b) modifying the active conjugated diene polymer with a compound represented by the following Formula 2 as a modifying agent:
- R 1 to R 9 are defined as above.
- the conjugated diene polymer which is an unmodified form of the modified conjugated diene polymer, is obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer, or copolymerizing the conjugated diene monomer with an aromatic vinyl monomer. Polymerization of the conjugated diene polymer may be carried out by adding a polymerization initiator to a reactor for copolymerization of the conjugated diene monomer or the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer.
- the conjugated diene monomer for example, comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, piperylene, 3-butyl-1,3-octadiene, isoprene, and 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene.
- the conjugated diene monomer may be 1,3-butadiene, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the aromatic vinyl monomer for example, comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-propylstyrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, 4-(p-methylphenyl)styrene, and 1-vinyl-5-hexylnaphthalene.
- the aromatic vinyl monomer is styrene or ⁇ -methylstyrene, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the aromatic vinyl monomer may be present in an amount of 0.0001 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 35% by weight, more preferably 20 to 30% by weight, based on 100% by weight in total of the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer.
- the solvent is for example hydrocarbon and preferably comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, isooctane, cyclohexane, toluene, benzene and xylene.
- the organometallic compound is for example an organic alkali metal compound and preferably comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of organolithium compounds, organosodium compounds, organopotassium compounds, organorubidium compounds and organocesium compounds.
- the organometallic compound may comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl lithium, ethyl lithium, isopropyl lithium, n-butyl lithium, sec-butyl lithium, tert-butyl lithium, n-decyl lithium, tert-octyl lithium, phenyl lithium, 1-naphthyl lithium, n-eicosyl lithium, 4-butylphenyl lithium, 4-tolyl lithium, cyclohexyl lithium, 3,5-di-n-heptylcyclohexyl lithium and 4-cyclopentyl lithium.
- the organometallic compound is selected from the group consisting of n-butyl lithium, sec-butyl lithium or a mixture thereof.
- the organometallic compound may comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of naphthyl sodium, naphthyl potassium, lithium alkoxide, sodium alkoxide, potassium alkoxide, lithium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, potassium sulfonate, lithium amide, sodium amide and potassium amide.
- the organometallic compound may be used in combination with another organometallic compound.
- the organometallic compound is for example used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 mmol, preferably 0.05 to 5 mmol, more preferably 0.1 to 2 mmol, most preferably 0.1 to 1 mmol, based on 100 g in total of the monomer.
- a molar ratio of the organometallic compound to the compound represented by Formula 2 is for example 1:0.1 to 1:10, preferably 1:0.5 to 1:2.
- the active conjugated diene polymer having a metal end means a polymer wherein a polymer anion is bonded to a metal cation.
- the polymerization may further comprise adding a polar additive.
- the polar additive is for example a base.
- the polar additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of ether, amine or a mixture thereof, or is more preferably selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, ditetrahydrofurylpropane, diethylether, cycloamylether, dipropyl ether, ethylene methyl ether dimethyl ether, ethylene dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol, dimethyl ether, tertiary butoxyethoxyethane, bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, (dimethylaminoethyl)ethylether, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tetramethylethylenediamine and mixtures of two or more thereof. Most preferred is ditetrahydrofurylpropane, triethylamine or tetramethylethylenediamine.
- the polar additive may be for example used in an amount of 0.001 to 50 g, 0.001 to 10 g, 0.005 to 1 g, preferably 0.005 to 0.1 g, based on 100 g in total of the added monomer.
- the polar additive may be used in an amount of 0.001 to 10 g, preferably 0.005 to 1 g, more preferably 0.005 to 0.1 g, based on 1 mmol in total of the added organometallic compound.
- a block copolymer may be readily prepared due to difference in reaction speed between the monomers.
- reaction speed of the vinyl aromatic compound having a lower reaction speed than the conjugated diene monomer is increased, and variation of microstructure of the copolymer corresponding thereto, for example, synthesis of a random copolymer is advantageously induced.
- the polymerization may be for example anionic polymerization.
- the polymerization may be living anionic polymerization wherein active ends are obtained by growth reaction by anions.
- the polymerization may be for example polymerization at an elevated temperature or polymerization at a fixed temperature.
- the polymerization at an elevated temperature means a polymerization method which includes elevating a reaction temperature by heating after adding an organometallic compound.
- the polymerization at a fixed temperature means a polymerization method which does not include heating after adding an organometallic compound.
- a temperature of the polymerization is for example ⁇ 20 to 200° C., preferably 0 to 150° C., more preferably 10 to 120° C.
- the modified conjugated diene polymer may be obtained by reacting the active conjugated diene copolymer obtained by the polymerization with the compound represented by Formula 2 as a modifying agent and the modifying agent may be a compound having a silyl group substituted by an alkoxy group and a nitrogen atom.
- the modification may be for example carried out by adding one or more types, preferably, two or three types of the compound represented by Formula 2.
- the modification may include reaction, for example, at 0 to 90° C. for one minute to 5 hours.
- the method for preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention may be, for example, carried out by batch or continuous polymerization including one, two or more reactors.
- the modified conjugated diene polymer may be, for example, prepared according to the method for preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer.
- the rubber composition according to the present invention comprises 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 0.1 to 200 parts by weight of the reinforcing filler.
- the rubber composition may further comprise, for example, another rubber.
- the other rubber may be, for example, selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), natural rubber and a mixture thereof.
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- BR butadiene rubber
- the styrene-butadiene rubber may be, for example, a solution styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR).
- the rubber composition according to the present invention may, for example, comprise 20 to 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 0.1 to 80 parts by weight of another rubber.
- the rubber composition may comprise 20 to 99 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 1 to 80 parts by weight of another rubber.
- the rubber composition may comprise 10 to 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer, 0.1 to 90 parts by weight of another rubber, 5 to 200 parts by weight of silica and 2 to 20 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent.
- the rubber composition may further comprise 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of carbon black.
- the rubber composition may comprise 10 to 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer, 0.1 to 90 parts by weight of another rubber, 5 to 200 parts by weight of silica and 2 to 20 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent, wherein the total weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and the another conjugated diene polymer is 100 parts by weight.
- the rubber composition according to the present invention may further comprise 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of carbon black.
- the rubber composition according to the present invention may comprise 100 parts by weight of a polymer mixture comprising 10 to 100% by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 0 to 90% by weight of the another conjugated diene polymer, 5 to 200 parts by weight of silica and 2 to 20 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent.
- the rubber composition according to the present invention may further comprise 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of carbon black.
- the reinforcing filler may be present in an amount of, for example, 10 to 150 parts by weight, preferably 50 to 100 parts by weight.
- the reinforcing filler may be, for example, selected from the group consisting of carbon black, a silica filler and a mixture thereof.
- the reinforcing filler may be silica.
- the reinforcing filler may be silica.
- dispersibility is greatly improved and hysteresis loss is greatly decreased because an end of the modified conjugated diene polymer is bonded to (or capped with) silica particles.
- the rubber composition may for example further comprise 1 to 100 parts by weight of an oil.
- the oil may be, for example, a mineral oil, a softening agent or the like.
- the oil may be, for example, used in an amount of 10 to 100 parts by weight, preferably, 20 to 80 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the conjugated diene copolymer. Within this range, there are effects in that properties of the rubber composition are efficiently exhibited, the rubber composition is suitably softened and processability is thus excellent.
- the rubber composition may be for example used as a material for tires or tire treads.
- the tire may comprise the modified conjugated diene polymer rubber composition.
- the modifying agent according to the present invention is represented by the following Formula 2:
- styrene 710 g of 1,3-butadiene, 5,000 g of n-hexane, and 0.8 g of 2,2-bis(2-oxolanyl)propane as a polar additive were added to a 20 L autoclave reactor and an inner temperature of the reactor was elevated to 40° C.
- an inner temperature of the reactor reached 40° C.
- 4 mmol of n-butyl lithium was added to the reactor and an adiabatic temperature-rising reaction was performed until the reaction was stabilized.
- 20 minutes after the adiabatic temperature-rising reaction was finished 20 g of 1,3-butadiene was added to the reactor.
- a modified conjugated diene polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 3 mmol of 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)trimethoxysilane was added as a modifying agent. Analysis results of the modified conjugated diene polymer are shown in the following Table 1.
- a modified conjugated diene polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that that 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)triethoxysilane was added instead of the 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)trimethoxysilane as a modifying agent.
- Analysis results of the modified conjugated diene polymer are shown in the following Table 1.
- a modified conjugated diene polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that dimethyldichlorosilane was added as a coupling agent, instead of the 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)trimethoxysilane. Analysis results of the modified conjugated diene polymer are shown in the following Table 1.
- Mooney viscosity measured at 100° C. for 4 minutes using MV-2000 produced by ALPHA Technologies and two specimens having a weight of 15 g or more after pre-heating for one minute.
- GPC Gel permeation chromatography
- Samples A, B and C shown in Table 1 as rubber raw materials were mixed under mixing conditions shown in Table 2 above to prepare conjugated diene polymer rubber compositions.
- the samples A and C were mixed under mixing conditions of S-1 and the sample B was mixed under mixing conditions of S-2.
- Kneading of the rubber compositions of the conjugated diene polymers will be described as follows.
- a rubber raw material conjuggated diene polymer
- a filler an organosilane coupling agent
- an oil zinc oxide
- a stearic acid antioxidant an anti-aging agent
- a wax and accelerators were kneaded at 80 rpm using a Banbury mixer equipped with a temperature controller.
- the temperature of the kneader was controlled and a primary mixture was obtained at a discharge temperature of 140 to 150° C.
- Tan ⁇ was measured while changing strain in a torsional mode at a frequency of 10 Hz and at different measurement temperatures of 0 to 60° C.
- Payne effect was represented as a difference between a minimum and a maximum at a strain of 0.2% to 40%.
- dispersibility of a filler such as silica is improved.
- Tan ⁇ at a low temperature of 0° C. increases, wet skid resistance is improved, and as Tan ⁇ at a high temperature of 60° C. decreases, hysteresis loss decreases, and rolling resistance of tires decreases, that is, fuel consumption thereof is reduced.
- Physical properties of the vulcanized rubbers are shown in the following Table 3.
- the modified conjugated diene polymer rubber compositions according to Examples 4 to 6 exhibited a great increase in 300% modulus (tensile stress) and a high Tan ⁇ at 0° C., as compared to Comparative Examples 3 and 4, which indicates that tires comprising the modified conjugated diene polymers exhibited great improvement of wet skid resistance.
- modified conjugated diene polymers of Examples 4 to 6 according to the present invention exhibited a low Tan ⁇ at 60° C., as compared to Comparative Examples 3 and 4.
- Tires comprising the modified conjugated diene polymers exhibited low rolling resistance as compared to the related art.
- modified conjugated diene polymers according to Examples 4 to 6 according to the present invention exhibited a low Payne effect (AG′) at 60° C., as compared to Comparative Examples 3 and 4. From this result, it could be seen that dispersaiblity of silica was greatly improved.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a modified conjugated diene polymer, a method for preparing the same and a rubber composition comprising the same. The present invention relates to a modified conjugated diene polymer which exhibits superior compatibility with a reinforcing filler, heat generation, tensile strength and abrasion resistance, low fuel consumption and excellent wet skid resistance, a method for preparing the same and a rubber composition comprising the same.
- Concerns about environments including inhibition of carbon dioxide are socially demanded. As such, there is a growing demand for low fuel consumption of vehicles. Accordingly, there is an increasing demand for materials having superior wet skid resistance, abrasion resistance and breaking strength as materials for vehicle tires, in particular, tire treads contacting the roads.
- Meanwhile, carbon black, silica and the like are used as reinforcing fillers for tire treads. When silica is used as a reinforcing filler, advantageously, hysteresis loss is reduced or wet skid resistance is improved. As compared to carbon black having a hydrophobic surface, silica having a hydrophilic surface has a disadvantage of low dispersibility of silica in rubbers due to low affinity to conjugated diene rubbers. Accordingly, use of additional silane coupling agent is required to improve dispersibility of silica in rubbers or form silica-rubber bonds.
- In order to solve these problems, functional groups having affinity or reactivity to silica are introduced into an end of rubber molecules to improve dispersibility of silica in conjugated diene rubbers and implement sealing through bonding between the end of rubber molecules and silica particles and thereby reduce hysteresis loss.
- Therefore, as a result of extensive research to address the problems of the related art, the present inventors discovered that silica used as a reinforcing filler provides a modified conjugated diene polymer which exhibits superior compatibility, heat generation, tensile strength and abrasion resistance, low fuel consumption and excellent wet skid resistance, and a rubber composition comprising the same. The present invention has been completed based on this discovery.
- It is one object of the present invention to provide a modified conjugated diene polymer which exhibits superior compatibility with an inorganic filler, heat generation, tensile strength and abrasion resistance, low fuel consumption and excellent wet skid resistance.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing the modified conjugated diene polymer.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide a rubber composition comprising the modified conjugated diene polymer and a tire comprising the rubber composition.
- It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a modifying agent used for preparation of the modified conjugated diene polymer.
- The above and other objects can be accomplished by the present disclosure given below.
- In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, provided is a modified conjugated diene polymer represented by the following Formula 1:
- wherein R1, R2 and R3 represent an alkylene group (—(CH2)n—, n=1˜15), R4, R5, R6, R7 and R9 each independently represent an alkyl group or an alkylsilyl group, R8 represents a C1-C15 alkyl group, and P is a conjugated diene polymer chain.
- In Formula 1, a is an integer of 0 to 2, b is an integer of 0 to 2, and c is an integer of 1 to 3 with the proviso that a+b+c equals 3.
- In Formula 1, the conjugated diene polymer chain is a conjugated diene monomer, or a copolymer of a conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, provided is a method for preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer comprising (a) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer, or a mixture of a conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of a solvent containing an organometallic compound to prepare an active conjugated diene polymer having a metal end, and (b) modifying the active conjugated diene polymer with a compound represented by the following Formula 2 as a modifying agent:
- wherein R1, R2 and R3 represent an alkylene group (—(CM2)n—, n=1˜15), R4, R5, R6, R7 and R9 each independently represent an alkyl group or an alkylsilyl group, R8 represents a C1-C15 alkyl group and m is an integer of 0 to 2.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, provided is a rubber composition comprising 0.1 to 200 parts by weight of a reinforcing filler with respect to 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, provided is a tire comprising the rubber composition.
- In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, provided is a modifying agent used for preparation of the modified conjugated diene polymer.
- As apparent from the foregoing, the rubber composition comprising the modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention, when mixed with silica as a reinforcing filler, advantageously, exhibits superior compatibility with a reinforcing filler, heat generation, tensile strength and abrasion resistance, low fuel consumption and excellent wet skid resistance.
- Hereinafter, the modified conjugated diene polymer, the method for preparing the same, the rubber composition comprising the same, the tire comprising the rubber composition and the like will be described in detail.
- The modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention comprises a polymer represented by the following Formula 1:
- wherein R1, R2 and R3 represent an alkylene group (—(CH2)n—, n=1˜15), R4, R5, R6, R7 and R9 each independently represent an alkyl group or an alkylsilyl group, R8 represents a C1-C15 alkyl group, and P is a conjugated diene polymer chain.
- In Formula 1, a is an integer of 0 to 2, b is an integer of 0 to 2 and c is an integer of 1 to 3 with the proviso that a+b+c equals 3.
- R4, R5, R6, R7 and R9 are for example an alkyl group or a C1-C15 alkyl group.
- R1, R2 and R3 are for example an alkylene group, preferably, a C1-C15 alkylene group.
- In another example, R4, R2 and R3 are a bivalent alkylsilyl group, preferably, a bivalent C1-C15 alkylsilyl group.
- The alkylsilyl group according to the present invention is, for example, a linked group such as alkylene-silyl-alkylene, silyl-alkylene or alkylene-silyl.
- The conjugated diene polymer chain is for example a conjugated diene monomer, or a copolymer of the conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer.
- In another example, the conjugated diene polymer chain may be a polymer chain comprising 0.0001 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 35% by weight, more preferably 20 to 30% by weight of the aromatic vinyl monomer, based on 100% by weight in total of the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer.
- The conjugated diene polymer may be for example a random copolymer of the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer.
- The conjugated diene monomer, for example, comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, piperylene, 3-butyl-1,3-octadiene, isoprene, and 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene. In another example, the conjugated diene monomer may be 1,3-butadiene, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- The aromatic vinyl monomer, for example, comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of styrene, α-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-propylstyrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, 4-(p-methylphenyl)styrene, and 1-vinyl-5-hexylnaphthalene. In another example, the aromatic vinyl monomer is styrene or α-methylstyrene, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- The modified conjugated diene polymer, for example, has a Mooney viscosity of 40 or higher, preferably 40 to 90, more preferably 45 to 85, most preferably 50 to 80.
- The modified conjugated diene polymer, for example, has a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 2,000,000 g/mol, preferably 10,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol, more preferably 100,000 to 500,000 g/mol.
- The conjugated diene polymer, for example, has a vinyl content of 25% or higher, preferably 30 to 70%, more preferably 40 to 60%. Within this range, there are advantages in that glass transition temperature of the polymer is increased, properties, such as running resistance and brake power, required for produced tires are satisfied and fuel consumption is reduced.
- The vinyl content means a content of a unit having a vinyl group, or a content of a 1,2-added conjugated diene monomer rather than a 1,4-added conjugated diene monomer with respect to 100% by weight of the conjugated diene monomer.
- The modified conjugated diene polymer may, for example, have a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.5 to 10, preferably 0.5 to 5, more preferably 1.0 to 2.0.
- Regarding viscoelasticity, the modified conjugated diene polymer, for example, has a Tan δ at 0° C. (loss modulus at 0° C.), measured at 10 Hz by dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) after mixing with silica, of 0.6 to 1, preferably 0.9 to 1. Within this range, there is an effect in that skid resistance or wet skid resistance is greatly improved, as compared to the related art.
- In addition, the modified conjugated diene polymer has, for example, a Tan δ at 60° C., of 0.06 to 0.09, preferably, 0.06 to 0.08. Within this range, rolling resistance or rotational resistance (RR) is advantageously greatly improved, as compared to the related art.
- In addition, the present invention provides a method for preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention including (a) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer, or a mixture of the conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of a solvent containing an organometallic compound to prepare an active conjugated diene polymer having a metal end, and (b) modifying the active conjugated diene polymer with a compound represented by the following Formula 2 as a modifying agent:
- wherein R1, R2 and R3 represent an alkylene group (—(CH2)n—, n=1˜15), R4, R5, R6, R7 and R9 each independently represent an alkyl group or an alkylsilyl group, R8 represents a C1-C15 alkyl group and m is an integer of 0 to 2.
- R1 to R9 are defined as above.
- Polymerization
- The conjugated diene polymer, which is an unmodified form of the modified conjugated diene polymer, is obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer, or copolymerizing the conjugated diene monomer with an aromatic vinyl monomer. Polymerization of the conjugated diene polymer may be carried out by adding a polymerization initiator to a reactor for copolymerization of the conjugated diene monomer or the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer.
- The conjugated diene monomer, for example, comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, piperylene, 3-butyl-1,3-octadiene, isoprene, and 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene. In another example, the conjugated diene monomer may be 1,3-butadiene, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- The aromatic vinyl monomer, for example, comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of styrene, α-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-propylstyrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, 4-(p-methylphenyl)styrene, and 1-vinyl-5-hexylnaphthalene. In another example, the aromatic vinyl monomer is styrene or α-methylstyrene, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- The aromatic vinyl monomer may be present in an amount of 0.0001 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 35% by weight, more preferably 20 to 30% by weight, based on 100% by weight in total of the conjugated diene monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer.
- The solvent is for example hydrocarbon and preferably comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, isooctane, cyclohexane, toluene, benzene and xylene.
- The organometallic compound is for example an organic alkali metal compound and preferably comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of organolithium compounds, organosodium compounds, organopotassium compounds, organorubidium compounds and organocesium compounds.
- In another example, the organometallic compound may comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl lithium, ethyl lithium, isopropyl lithium, n-butyl lithium, sec-butyl lithium, tert-butyl lithium, n-decyl lithium, tert-octyl lithium, phenyl lithium, 1-naphthyl lithium, n-eicosyl lithium, 4-butylphenyl lithium, 4-tolyl lithium, cyclohexyl lithium, 3,5-di-n-heptylcyclohexyl lithium and 4-cyclopentyl lithium.
- In another example, the organometallic compound is selected from the group consisting of n-butyl lithium, sec-butyl lithium or a mixture thereof.
- In another example, the organometallic compound may comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of naphthyl sodium, naphthyl potassium, lithium alkoxide, sodium alkoxide, potassium alkoxide, lithium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, potassium sulfonate, lithium amide, sodium amide and potassium amide. The organometallic compound may be used in combination with another organometallic compound.
- The organometallic compound is for example used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 mmol, preferably 0.05 to 5 mmol, more preferably 0.1 to 2 mmol, most preferably 0.1 to 1 mmol, based on 100 g in total of the monomer.
- A molar ratio of the organometallic compound to the compound represented by Formula 2 is for example 1:0.1 to 1:10, preferably 1:0.5 to 1:2.
- The active conjugated diene polymer having a metal end means a polymer wherein a polymer anion is bonded to a metal cation.
- In the method for preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention, the polymerization may further comprise adding a polar additive.
- The polar additive is for example a base. In another example, the polar additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of ether, amine or a mixture thereof, or is more preferably selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, ditetrahydrofurylpropane, diethylether, cycloamylether, dipropyl ether, ethylene methyl ether dimethyl ether, ethylene dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol, dimethyl ether, tertiary butoxyethoxyethane, bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, (dimethylaminoethyl)ethylether, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tetramethylethylenediamine and mixtures of two or more thereof. Most preferred is ditetrahydrofurylpropane, triethylamine or tetramethylethylenediamine.
- The polar additive may be for example used in an amount of 0.001 to 50 g, 0.001 to 10 g, 0.005 to 1 g, preferably 0.005 to 0.1 g, based on 100 g in total of the added monomer.
- In another example, the polar additive may be used in an amount of 0.001 to 10 g, preferably 0.005 to 1 g, more preferably 0.005 to 0.1 g, based on 1 mmol in total of the added organometallic compound.
- When the conjugated diene monomer is copolymerized with the aromatic vinyl monomer, a block copolymer may be readily prepared due to difference in reaction speed between the monomers. However, when the polar additive is added, reaction speed of the vinyl aromatic compound having a lower reaction speed than the conjugated diene monomer is increased, and variation of microstructure of the copolymer corresponding thereto, for example, synthesis of a random copolymer is advantageously induced.
- The polymerization may be for example anionic polymerization.
- In another example, the polymerization may be living anionic polymerization wherein active ends are obtained by growth reaction by anions.
- The polymerization may be for example polymerization at an elevated temperature or polymerization at a fixed temperature.
- The polymerization at an elevated temperature means a polymerization method which includes elevating a reaction temperature by heating after adding an organometallic compound. The polymerization at a fixed temperature means a polymerization method which does not include heating after adding an organometallic compound.
- A temperature of the polymerization is for example −20 to 200° C., preferably 0 to 150° C., more preferably 10 to 120° C.
- Modification
- The modified conjugated diene polymer may be obtained by reacting the active conjugated diene copolymer obtained by the polymerization with the compound represented by Formula 2 as a modifying agent and the modifying agent may be a compound having a silyl group substituted by an alkoxy group and a nitrogen atom.
- The modification may be for example carried out by adding one or more types, preferably, two or three types of the compound represented by Formula 2.
- In addition, the modification may include reaction, for example, at 0 to 90° C. for one minute to 5 hours.
- The method for preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention may be, for example, carried out by batch or continuous polymerization including one, two or more reactors.
- The modified conjugated diene polymer may be, for example, prepared according to the method for preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer.
- The rubber composition according to the present invention comprises 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 0.1 to 200 parts by weight of the reinforcing filler.
- The rubber composition may further comprise, for example, another rubber.
- The other rubber may be, for example, selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), natural rubber and a mixture thereof.
- The styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) may be, for example, a solution styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR).
- The rubber composition according to the present invention may, for example, comprise 20 to 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 0.1 to 80 parts by weight of another rubber.
- In another example, the rubber composition may comprise 20 to 99 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 1 to 80 parts by weight of another rubber.
- In another example, the rubber composition may comprise 10 to 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer, 0.1 to 90 parts by weight of another rubber, 5 to 200 parts by weight of silica and 2 to 20 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent.
- In another example, the rubber composition may further comprise 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of carbon black.
- In another example, the rubber composition may comprise 10 to 100 parts by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer, 0.1 to 90 parts by weight of another rubber, 5 to 200 parts by weight of silica and 2 to 20 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent, wherein the total weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and the another conjugated diene polymer is 100 parts by weight.
- The rubber composition according to the present invention may further comprise 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of carbon black.
- In another example, the rubber composition according to the present invention may comprise 100 parts by weight of a polymer mixture comprising 10 to 100% by weight of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 0 to 90% by weight of the another conjugated diene polymer, 5 to 200 parts by weight of silica and 2 to 20 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent.
- In another example, the rubber composition according to the present invention may further comprise 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of carbon black.
- The reinforcing filler may be present in an amount of, for example, 10 to 150 parts by weight, preferably 50 to 100 parts by weight.
- The reinforcing filler may be, for example, selected from the group consisting of carbon black, a silica filler and a mixture thereof.
- In another example, the reinforcing filler may be silica. In this case, advantageously, dispersibility is greatly improved and hysteresis loss is greatly decreased because an end of the modified conjugated diene polymer is bonded to (or capped with) silica particles.
- The rubber composition may for example further comprise 1 to 100 parts by weight of an oil.
- The oil may be, for example, a mineral oil, a softening agent or the like.
- The oil may be, for example, used in an amount of 10 to 100 parts by weight, preferably, 20 to 80 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the conjugated diene copolymer. Within this range, there are effects in that properties of the rubber composition are efficiently exhibited, the rubber composition is suitably softened and processability is thus excellent.
- The rubber composition may be for example used as a material for tires or tire treads.
- The tire may comprise the modified conjugated diene polymer rubber composition.
- The modifying agent according to the present invention is represented by the following Formula 2:
- wherein R1, R2 and R3 represent an alkylene group (—(CH2)n—, n=1˜15), R4, R5, R6, R7 and R9 each independently represent an alkyl group or an alkylsilyl group, R8 represents a C1-C15 alkyl group and m is an integer of 0 to 2.
- Hereinafter, preferred examples will be provided for better understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these examples are only provided to illustrate the present invention and various modifications and alterations are possible within the scope and technical range of the present invention. Such modifications and alterations fall within the scope of claims included herein.
- 270 g of styrene, 710 g of 1,3-butadiene, 5,000 g of n-hexane, and 0.8 g of 2,2-bis(2-oxolanyl)propane as a polar additive were added to a 20 L autoclave reactor and an inner temperature of the reactor was elevated to 40° C. When the inner temperature of the reactor reached 40° C., 4 mmol of n-butyl lithium was added to the reactor and an adiabatic temperature-rising reaction was performed until the reaction was stabilized. About 20 minutes after the adiabatic temperature-rising reaction was finished, 20 g of 1,3-butadiene was added to the reactor. After 5 minutes, 5 mmol of 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)trimethoxysilane was added as a modifying agent to the reactor and reaction was performed for 15 minutes. Then, reaction was stopped using ethanol and 5 ml of a 0.3 wt % solution of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as an antioxidant in hexane was then added to the reaction mixture.
- The polymerization product was stirred in warm water heated by steam to remove the solvent and the resulting solution was then roll-dried to remove the residual solvent and water, thereby preparing a modified conjugated diene polymer. Analysis results of the modified conjugated diene polymer thus prepared are shown in the following Table 1.
- A modified conjugated diene polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 3 mmol of 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)trimethoxysilane was added as a modifying agent. Analysis results of the modified conjugated diene polymer are shown in the following Table 1.
- A modified conjugated diene polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that that 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)triethoxysilane was added instead of the 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)trimethoxysilane as a modifying agent. Analysis results of the modified conjugated diene polymer are shown in the following Table 1.
- Analysis results of an unmodified conjugated diene polymer (2550-H, produced by LG Chem., Ltd., Korea) are shown in the following Table 1.
- A modified conjugated diene polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that dimethyldichlorosilane was added as a coupling agent, instead of the 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)trimethoxysilane. Analysis results of the modified conjugated diene polymer are shown in the following Table 1.
- Analysis of conjugated diene polymers prepared in Example 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 was performed in accordance with the following method.
- a) Mooney viscosity: measured at 100° C. for 4 minutes using MV-2000 produced by ALPHA Technologies and two specimens having a weight of 15 g or more after pre-heating for one minute.
- b) Gel permeation chromatography (GPC): GPC analysis was performed at 40° C. to determine molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the obtained polymer. The column herein used was a combination of two PLgel Olexis columns produced by Polymer Laboratories and one PLgel mixed-C column. All newly replaced columns were mixed bed-type columns. In addition, polystyrene (PS) was used as a GPC standard material for determination of molecular weight. As a result of analysis, number average molecular weight (Mn), weight average molecular weight (Mw) and polydispersity were determined.
-
TABLE 1 Examples Comparative Examples Items 1 2 3 1 2 Sample A B C D E n-butyllithium (mmol) 4 4 4 4- 4 Polar additive (g) 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Modifying agent a* 5 3 — — — (mmol) b* — — 5 — — Coupling agent c — — — — 1.2 TDAE oil Phr — — — 37.5 — Mooney viscosity (MV) 62 68 60 61 64 NMR (%) SM 26 26 26 26 27 Vinyl 42 43 42 49 43 GPC (×104) Mn 30 29 30 47 31 Mw 38 43 37 98 39 PDI 1.3 1.5 1.2 2.1 1.2 Note) a: 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)trimethoxysilane b: 3-dimethylamino-2-((dimethylaminomethyl)propyl)triethoxysilane c: dimethyldichlorosilane NMR: Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) SM: Styrene monomer Vinyl: 1,3-butadiene as vinyl monomer -
TABLE 2 (Unit: parts by weight) S-1 S-2 Rubber 100.0 137.5 Silica 70.0 70.0 Coupling agent 11.02 11.2 Oil 33.75 — Zinc oxide 3.0 3.0 Stearic acid 2.0 2.0 Antioxidant 2.0 2.0 Anti-aging agent 2.0 2.0 Wax 1.0 Rubber accelerator 1.75 1.75 Sulfur 1.5 1.5 Vulcanization accelerator 2.0 2.0 Total weight 230.2 234.0 - Samples A, B and C shown in Table 1 as rubber raw materials were mixed under mixing conditions shown in Table 2 above to prepare conjugated diene polymer rubber compositions. The samples A and C were mixed under mixing conditions of S-1 and the sample B was mixed under mixing conditions of S-2.
- Kneading of the rubber compositions of the conjugated diene polymers will be described as follows. In primary kneading, a rubber raw material (conjugated diene polymer), a filler, an organosilane coupling agent, an oil, zinc oxide, a stearic acid antioxidant, an anti-aging agent, a wax and accelerators were kneaded at 80 rpm using a Banbury mixer equipped with a temperature controller. At this time, the temperature of the kneader was controlled and a primary mixture was obtained at a discharge temperature of 140 to 150° C. In secondary kneading, after the primary mixture was cooled to room temperature, a rubber, sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator were added to the kneader and a secondary mixture was obtained at a discharge temperature of 45 to 60° C. In tertiary kneading, the secondary mixture was molded and was vulcanized using a vulcanization press at 180° C. for T90+10 minutes to prepare vulcanized rubbers. Physical properties of the prepared vulcanized rubbers were measured in accordance with the following method.
- 1) Tensile Strength Test
- Tensile strength at break and tensile stress at an elongation of 300% (300% modulus) of specimens were measured by tensile strength testing in accordance with ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) 412.
- 2) Viscoelasticity
- A dynamic mechanical analyzer produced by TA Instrument was used. Tan δ was measured while changing strain in a torsional mode at a frequency of 10 Hz and at different measurement temperatures of 0 to 60° C. Payne effect was represented as a difference between a minimum and a maximum at a strain of 0.2% to 40%. As Payne effect decreases, dispersibility of a filler such as silica is improved. As Tan δ at a low temperature of 0° C. increases, wet skid resistance is improved, and as Tan δ at a high temperature of 60° C. decreases, hysteresis loss decreases, and rolling resistance of tires decreases, that is, fuel consumption thereof is reduced. Physical properties of the vulcanized rubbers are shown in the following Table 3.
-
TABLE 3 Items Comp. Comp. Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Samples A B C D E 300% modulus 123 123 122 110 96 (Kgf/cm2) Tensile strength 189 192 188 191 174 (Kgf/cm2) Tan δ at 0° C. 0.883 0.881 0.851 0.791 0.497 Tan δ at 60° C. 0.062 0.064 0.066 0.085 0.096 ΔG′ at 60° C. 0.34 0.34 0.35 0.64 0.95 (Payne effect) - As can be seen from results of Table 3 above, the modified conjugated diene polymer rubber compositions according to Examples 4 to 6 exhibited a great increase in 300% modulus (tensile stress) and a high Tan δ at 0° C., as compared to Comparative Examples 3 and 4, which indicates that tires comprising the modified conjugated diene polymers exhibited great improvement of wet skid resistance.
- In addition, the modified conjugated diene polymers of Examples 4 to 6 according to the present invention exhibited a low Tan δ at 60° C., as compared to Comparative Examples 3 and 4. Tires comprising the modified conjugated diene polymers exhibited low rolling resistance as compared to the related art.
- In addition, the modified conjugated diene polymers according to Examples 4 to 6 according to the present invention exhibited a low Payne effect (AG′) at 60° C., as compared to Comparative Examples 3 and 4. From this result, it could be seen that dispersaiblity of silica was greatly improved.
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