US20160150440A1 - Method for triggering a burffer status reporting and a device therefor - Google Patents

Method for triggering a burffer status reporting and a device therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160150440A1
US20160150440A1 US14/904,355 US201414904355A US2016150440A1 US 20160150440 A1 US20160150440 A1 US 20160150440A1 US 201414904355 A US201414904355 A US 201414904355A US 2016150440 A1 US2016150440 A1 US 2016150440A1
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Prior art keywords
dat
amount
data
datp
logical channel
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Sunyoung Lee
SeungJune Yi
Youngdae Lee
Sungjun PARK
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0278—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using buffer status reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/27—Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wireless communication system and, more particularly, to a method for triggering a buffer status reporting and a device therefor.
  • LTE 3rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically illustrating a network structure of an E-UMTS as an exemplary radio communication system.
  • An Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (E-UMTS) is an advanced version of a conventional Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and basic standardization thereof is currently underway in the 3GPP.
  • E-UMTS may be generally referred to as a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the E-UMTS includes a User Equipment (UE), eNode Bs (eNBs), and an Access Gateway (AG) which is located at an end of the network (E-UTRAN) and connected to an external network.
  • the eNBs may simultaneously transmit multiple data streams for a broadcast service, a multicast service, and/or a unicast service.
  • One or more cells may exist per eNB.
  • the cell is set to operate in one of bandwidths such as 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20 MHz and provides a downlink (DL) or uplink (UL) transmission service to a plurality of UEs in the bandwidth. Different cells may be set to provide different bandwidths.
  • the eNB controls data transmission or reception to and from a plurality of UEs.
  • the eNB transmits DL scheduling information of DL data to a corresponding UE so as to inform the UE of a time/frequency domain in which the DL data is supposed to be transmitted, coding, a data size, and hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARM)-related information.
  • DL scheduling information of DL data to a corresponding UE so as to inform the UE of a time/frequency domain in which the DL data is supposed to be transmitted, coding, a data size, and hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARM)-related information.
  • HARM hybrid automatic repeat and request
  • the eNB transmits UL scheduling information of UL data to a corresponding UE so as to inform the UE of a time/frequency domain which may be used by the UE, coding, a data size, and HARQ-related information.
  • An interface for transmitting user traffic or control traffic may be used between eNBs.
  • a core network (CN) may include the AG and a network node or the like for user registration of UEs.
  • the AG manages the mobility of a UE on a tracking area (TA) basis.
  • One TA includes a plurality of cells.
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • An object of the present invention devised to solve the problem lies in a method and device for a method for triggering a buffer status reporting.
  • the technical problems solved by the present invention are not limited to the above technical problems and those skilled in the art may understand other technical problems from the following description.
  • the object of the present invention can be achieved by providing a method for operating by an apparatus in wireless communication system, the method comprising; calculating an amount of first DAT when the first data is arrived in a protocol entity, wherein the amount of first DAT is less than a threshold; calculating an amount of second DAT when the second data is arrived in the protocol entity, wherein the second data is arrived after the first data is arrived in the protocol entity; and triggering a buffer status report if the amount of second DAT is more than the threshold.
  • an apparatus in the wireless communication system comprising: an RF (radio frequency) module; and a processor configured to control the RF module, wherein the processor is configured to calculate an amount of first DAT when the first data is arrived in a protocol entity, wherein the amount of first DAT is less than a threshold, to calculate an amount of second DAT when the second data is arrived in the protocol entity, wherein the second data is arrived after the first data is arrived in the protocol entity, and to trigger a buffer status report if the amount of second DAT is more than the threshold.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the method further comprises: setting an amount of DAT for a first logical channel as the calculated amount of first DAT and an amount of DAT for a second logical channel as ‘zero’, if the amount of first DAT is less than the threshold, wherein the first logical channel is for the first BS and the second logical channel is for the second BS.
  • the method further comprises: dividing the calculated amount of second DAT into the amount of DAT for the first logical channel and the amount of DAT for the second logical channel based on ratio if the amount of second DAT is equal to or more than the threshold.
  • the buffer status report is transmitted to the second BS.
  • the method further comprises: receiving the threshold from at least the first BS or the second BS.
  • the protocol entity is a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) entity.
  • PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
  • PDCP entity has two Radio Link Control (RLC) entities and two Medium Access Control (MAC) entities for one logical channel.
  • RLC Radio Link Control
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • triggering a buffer status reporting can be efficiently performed in a wireless communication system.
  • the UE can calculate each amount of data available for transmission to each base station and trigger the buffer status reporting in dual connectivity system.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a network structure of an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (E-UMTS) as an example of a wireless communication system;
  • E-UMTS Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • FIG. 2A is a block diagram illustrating network structure of an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system (E-UMTS), and FIG. 2B is a block diagram depicting architecture of a typical E-UTRAN and a typical EPC;
  • E-UMTS evolved universal mobile telecommunication system
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control plane and a user plane of a radio interface protocol between a UE and an E-UTRAN based on a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) radio access network standard;
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example physical channel structure used in an E-UMTS system
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for carrier aggregation
  • FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram for dual connectivity between a Master Cell Group (MCG) and a Secondary Cell Group (SCG);
  • FIG. 7 a is a conceptual diagram for C-Plane connectivity of base stations involved in dual connectivity
  • FIG. 7 b is a conceptual diagram for U-Plane connectivity of base stations involved in dual connectivity
  • FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram for radio protocol architecture for dual connectivity
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for a general overview of the LTE protocol architecture for the downlink.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for prioritization of two logical channels for three different uplink grants
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for signaling of buffer status and power-headroom reports
  • FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram for one of radio protocol architecture for dual connectivity
  • FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram for reporting amount of data available for transmission according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram for triggering a buffer status reporting according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is conceptual diagram an exemplary according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Universal mobile telecommunications system is a 3rd Generation (3G) asynchronous mobile communication system operating in wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) based on European systems, global system for mobile communications (GSM) and general packet radio services (GPRS).
  • 3G 3rd Generation
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • GPRS general packet radio services
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • the 3GPP LTE is a technology for enabling high-speed packet communications. Many schemes have been proposed for the LTE objective including those that aim to reduce user and provider costs, improve service quality, and expand and improve coverage and system capacity.
  • the 3G LTE requires reduced cost per bit, increased service availability, flexible use of a frequency band, a simple structure, an open interface, and adequate power consumption of a terminal as an upper-level requirement.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-advanced
  • the embodiments of the present invention are applicable to any other communication system corresponding to the above definition.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are described based on a frequency division duplex (FDD) scheme in the present specification, the embodiments of the present invention may be easily modified and applied to a half-duplex FDD (H-FDD) scheme or a time division duplex (TDD) scheme.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • H-FDD half-duplex FDD
  • TDD time division duplex
  • FIG. 2A is a block diagram illustrating network structure of an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system (E-UMTS).
  • E-UMTS may be also referred to as an LTE system.
  • the communication network is widely deployed to provide a variety of communication services such as voice (VoIP) through IMS and packet data.
  • VoIP voice
  • IMS packet data
  • the E-UMTS network includes an evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and one or more user equipment.
  • the E-UTRAN may include one or more evolved NodeB (eNodeB) 20 , and a plurality of user equipment (UE) 10 may be located in one cell.
  • eNodeB evolved NodeB
  • UE user equipment
  • MME mobility management entity
  • SAE gateways 30 may be positioned at the end of the network and connected to an external network.
  • downlink refers to communication from eNodeB 20 to UE 10
  • uplink refers to communication from the UE to an eNodeB
  • UE 10 refers to communication equipment carried by a user and may be also referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS) or a wireless device.
  • MS mobile station
  • UT user terminal
  • SS subscriber station
  • FIG. 2B is a block diagram depicting architecture of a typical E-UTRAN and a typical EPC.
  • an eNodeB 20 provides end points of a user plane and a control plane to the UE 10 .
  • MME/SAE gateway 30 provides an end point of a session and mobility management function for UE 10 .
  • the eNodeB and MME/SAE gateway may be connected via an S1 interface.
  • the eNodeB 20 is generally a fixed station that communicates with a UE 10 , and may also be referred to as a base station (BS) or an access point.
  • BS base station
  • One eNodeB 20 may be deployed per cell.
  • An interface for transmitting user traffic or control traffic may be used between eNodeBs 20 .
  • the MME provides various functions including NAS signaling to eNodeBs 20 , NAS signaling security, AS Security control, Inter CN node signaling for mobility between 3GPP access networks, Idle mode UE Reachability (including control and execution of paging retransmission), Tracking Area list management (for UE in idle and active mode), PDN GW and Serving GW selection, MME selection for handovers with MME change, SGSN selection for handovers to 2G or 3G 3GPP access networks, Roaming, Authentication, Bearer management functions including dedicated bearer establishment, Support for PWS (which includes ETWS and CMAS) message transmission.
  • the SAE gateway host provides assorted functions including Per-user based packet filtering (by e.g.
  • MME/SAE gateway 30 will be referred to herein simply as a “gateway,” but it is understood that this entity includes both an MME and an SAE gateway.
  • a plurality of nodes may be connected between eNodeB 20 and gateway 30 via the S1 interface.
  • the eNodeBs 20 may be connected to each other via an X2 interface and neighboring eNodeBs may have a meshed network structure that has the X2 interface.
  • eNodeB 20 may perform functions of selection for gateway 30 , routing toward the gateway during a Radio Resource Control (RRC) activation, scheduling and transmitting of paging messages, scheduling and transmitting of Broadcast Channel (BCCH) information, dynamic allocation of resources to UEs 10 in both uplink and downlink, configuration and provisioning of eNodeB measurements, radio bearer control, radio admission control (RAC), and connection mobility control in LTE_ACTIVE state.
  • gateway 30 may perform functions of paging origination, LTE-IDLE state management, ciphering of the user plane, System Architecture Evolution (SAE) bearer control, and ciphering and integrity protection of Non-Access Stratum (NAS) signaling.
  • SAE System Architecture Evolution
  • NAS Non-Access Stratum
  • the EPC includes a mobility management entity (MME), a serving-gateway (S-GW), and a packet data network-gateway (PDN-GW).
  • MME mobility management entity
  • S-GW serving-gateway
  • PDN-GW packet data network-gateway
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control plane and a user plane of a radio interface protocol between a UE and an E-UTRAN based on a 3GPP radio access network standard.
  • the control plane refers to a path used for transmitting control messages used for managing a call between the UE and the E-UTRAN.
  • the user plane refers to a path used for transmitting data generated in an application layer, e.g., voice data or Internet packet data.
  • a physical (PHY) layer of a first layer provides an information transfer service to a higher layer using a physical channel.
  • the PHY layer is connected to a medium access control (MAC) layer located on the higher layer via a transport channel.
  • Data is transported between the MAC layer and the PHY layer via the transport channel.
  • Data is transported between a physical layer of a transmitting side and a physical layer of a receiving side via physical channels.
  • the physical channels use time and frequency as radio resources.
  • the physical channel is modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) scheme in downlink and is modulated using a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) scheme in uplink.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • the MAC layer of a second layer provides a service to a radio link control (RLC) layer of a higher layer via a logical channel.
  • the RLC layer of the second layer supports reliable data transmission.
  • a function of the RLC layer may be implemented by a functional block of the MAC layer.
  • a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer of the second layer performs a header compression function to reduce unnecessary control information for efficient transmission of an Internet protocol (IP) packet such as an IP version 4 (IPv4) packet or an IP version 6 (IPv6) packet in a radio interface having a relatively small bandwidth.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • IPv4 IP version 4
  • IPv6 IP version 6
  • a radio resource control (RRC) layer located at the bottom of a third layer is defined only in the control plane.
  • the RRC layer controls logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers (RBs).
  • An RB refers to a service that the second layer provides for data transmission between the UE and the E-UTRAN.
  • the RRC layer of the UE and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN exchange RRC messages with each other.
  • One cell of the eNB is set to operate in one of bandwidths such as 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20 MHz and provides a downlink or uplink transmission service to a plurality of UEs in the bandwidth. Different cells may be set to provide different bandwidths.
  • Downlink transport channels for transmission of data from the E-UTRAN to the UE include a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmission of system information, a paging channel (PCH) for transmission of paging messages, and a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmission of user traffic or control messages.
  • BCH broadcast channel
  • PCH paging channel
  • SCH downlink shared channel
  • Traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH and may also be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH).
  • MCH downlink multicast channel
  • Uplink transport channels for transmission of data from the UE to the E-UTRAN include a random access channel (RACH) for transmission of initial control messages and an uplink SCH for transmission of user traffic or control messages.
  • Logical channels that are defined above the transport channels and mapped to the transport channels include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).
  • BCCH broadcast control channel
  • PCCH paging control channel
  • CCCH common control channel
  • MCCH multicast control channel
  • MTCH multicast traffic channel
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a physical channel structure used in an E-UMTS system.
  • a physical channel includes several subframes on a time axis and several subcarriers on a frequency axis.
  • one subframe includes a plurality of symbols on the time axis.
  • One subframe includes a plurality of resource blocks and one resource block includes a plurality of symbols and a plurality of subcarriers.
  • each subframe may use certain subcarriers of certain symbols (e.g., a first symbol) of a subframe for a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), that is, an L1/L2 control channel.
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • an L1/L2 control information transmission area (PDCCH) and a data area (PDSCH) are shown.
  • a radio frame of 10 ms is used and one radio frame includes 10 subframes.
  • one subframe includes two consecutive slots. The length of one slot may be 0.5 ms.
  • one subframe includes a plurality of OFDM symbols and a portion (e.g., a first symbol) of the plurality of OFDM symbols may be used for transmitting the L1/L2 control information.
  • a transmission time interval (TTI) which is a unit time for transmitting data is 1 ms.
  • a base station and a UE mostly transmit/receive data via a PDSCH, which is a physical channel, using a DL-SCH which is a transmission channel, except a certain control signal or certain service data.
  • a certain PDCCH is CRC-masked with a radio network temporary identity (RNTI) “A” and information about data is transmitted using a radio resource “B” (e.g., a frequency location) and transmission format information “C” (e.g., a transmission block size, modulation, coding information or the like) via a certain subframe.
  • RNTI radio network temporary identity
  • B e.g., a frequency location
  • C transmission format information
  • one or more UEs located in a cell monitor the PDCCH using its RNTI information.
  • a specific UE with RNTI “A” reads the PDCCH and then receive the PDSCH indicated by B and C in the PDCCH information.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for carrier aggregation.
  • Carrier aggregation technology for supporting multiple carriers is described with reference to FIG. 5 as follows. As mentioned in the foregoing description, it may be able to support system bandwidth up to maximum 100 MHz in a manner of bundling maximum 5 carriers (component carriers: CCs) of bandwidth unit (e.g., 20 MHz) defined in a legacy wireless communication system (e.g., LTE system) by carrier aggregation.
  • Component carriers used for carrier aggregation may be equal to or different from each other in bandwidth size.
  • each of the component carriers may have a different frequency band (or center frequency).
  • the component carriers may exist on contiguous frequency bands. Yet, component carriers existing on non-contiguous frequency bands may be used for carrier aggregation as well.
  • bandwidth sizes of uplink and downlink may be allocated symmetrically or asymmetrically.
  • the primary component carrier is the carrier used by a base station to exchange traffic and control signaling with a user equipment.
  • the control signaling may include addition of component carrier, setting for primary component carrier, uplink (UL) grant, downlink (DL) assignment and the like.
  • a base station may be able to use a plurality of component carriers, a user equipment belonging to the corresponding base station may be set to have one primary component carrier only. If a user equipment operates in a single carrier mode, the primary component carrier is used.
  • the primary component carrier should be set to meet all requirements for the data and control signaling exchange between a base station and a user equipment.
  • the secondary component carrier may include an additional component carrier that can be activated or deactivated in accordance with a required size of transceived data.
  • the secondary component carrier may be set to be used only in accordance with a specific command and rule received from a base station. In order to support an additional bandwidth, the secondary component carrier may be set to be used together with the primary component carrier.
  • an activated component carrier such a control signal as a UL grant, a DL assignment and the like can be received by a user equipment from a base station.
  • a control signal in UL as a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix index (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), a sounding reference signal (SRS) and the like can be transmitted to a base station from a user equipment.
  • CQI channel quality indicator
  • PMI precoding matrix index
  • RI rank indicator
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • Resource allocation to a user equipment can have a range of a primary component carrier and a plurality of secondary component carriers.
  • a system may be able to allocate secondary component carriers to DL and/or UL asymmetrically.
  • the setting of the component carriers may be provided to a user equipment by a base station after RRC connection procedure.
  • the RRC connection may mean that a radio resource is allocated to a user equipment based on RRC signaling exchanged between an RRC layer of the user equipment and a network via SRB.
  • the user equipment After completion of the RRC connection procedure between the user equipment and the base station, the user equipment may be provided by the base station with the setting information on the primary component carrier and the secondary component carrier.
  • the setting information on the secondary component carrier may include addition/deletion (or activation/deactivation) of the secondary component carrier. Therefore, in order to activate a secondary component carrier between a base station and a user equipment or deactivate a previous secondary component carrier, it may be necessary to perform an exchange of RRC signaling and MAC control element.
  • the activation or deactivation of the secondary component carrier may be determined by a base station based on a quality of service (QoS), a load condition of carrier and other factors. And, the base station may be able to instruct a user equipment of secondary component carrier setting using a control message including such information as an indication type (activation/deactivation) for DL/UL, a secondary component carrier list and the like.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the base station may be able to instruct a user equipment of secondary component carrier setting using a control message including such information as an indication type (activation/deactivation) for DL/UL, a secondary component carrier list and the like.
  • FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram for dual connectivity (DC) between a Master Cell Group (MCG) and a Secondary Cell Group (SCG).
  • DC dual connectivity
  • the dual connectivity means that the UE can be connected to both a Master eNode-B (MeNB) and a Secondary eNode-B (SeNB) at the same time.
  • the MCG is a group of serving cells associated with the MeNB, comprising of a PCell and optionally one or more SCells.
  • the SCG is a group of serving cells associated with the SeNB, comprising of the special SCell and optionally one or more SCells.
  • the MeNB is an eNB which terminates at least S1-MME (S1 for the control plane) and the SeNB is an eNB that is providing additional radio resources for the UE but is not the MeNB.
  • DRBs data radio bearers
  • SRBs scheduling radio bearers
  • the MCG is operated by the MeNB via the frequency of f1
  • the SCG is operated by the SeNB via the frequency of f2.
  • the frequency f1 and f2 may be equal.
  • the backhaul interface (BH) between the MeNB and the SeNB is non-ideal (e.g. X2 interface), which means that there is considerable delay in the backhaul and therefore the centralized scheduling in one node is not possible.
  • FIG. 7 a is a conceptual diagram for C-Plane connectivity of base stations involved in dual connectivity
  • FIG. 7 b is a conceptual diagram for U-Plane connectivity of base stations involved in dual connectivity.
  • FIG. 7 a shows C-plane (Control Plane) connectivity of eNBs involved in dual connectivity for a certain UE.
  • the MeNB is C-plane connected to the MME via S1-MME, the MeNB and the SeNB are interconnected via X2-C (X2-Control plane).
  • Inter-eNB control plane signaling for dual connectivity is performed by means of X2 interface signaling.
  • Control plane signaling towards the MME is performed by means of S1 interface signaling.
  • Each eNB should be able to handle UEs independently, i.e. provide the PCell to some UEs while providing SCell(s) for SCG to others.
  • Each eNB involved in dual connectivity for a certain UE owns its radio resources and is primarily responsible for allocating radio resources of its cells, respective coordination between MeNB and SeNB is performed by means of X2 interface signaling.
  • FIG. 7 b shows U-plane connectivity of eNBs involved in dual connectivity for a certain UE.
  • U-plane connectivity depends on the bearer option configured: i) For MCG bearers, the MeNB is U-plane connected to the S-GW via S1-U, the SeNB is not involved in the transport of user plane data, ii) For split bearers, the MeNB is U-plane connected to the S-GW via S1-U and in addition, the MeNB and the SeNB are interconnected via X2-U, and iii) For SCG bearers, the SeNB is directly connected with the S-GW via S1-U. If only MCG and split bearers are configured, there is no S1-U termination in the SeNB.
  • the small cells can be deployed apart from the macro cells, multiple schedulers can be separately located in different nodes and operate independently from the UE point of view. This means that different scheduling node would encounter different radio resource environment, and hence, each scheduling node may have different scheduling results.
  • FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram for radio protocol architecture for dual connectivity.
  • E-UTRAN of the present example can support dual connectivity operation whereby a multiple receptions/transmissions (RX/TX) UE in RRC_CONNECTED is configured to utilize radio resources provided by two distinct schedulers, located in two eNBs (or base stations) connected via a non-ideal backhaul over the X2 interface.
  • the eNBs involved in dual connectivity for a certain UE may assume two different roles: an eNB may either act as the MeNB or as the SeNB.
  • a UE can be connected to one MeNB and one SeNB.
  • the radio protocol architecture that a particular bearer uses depends on how the bearer is setup.
  • the SRBs (Signaling Radio Bearers) are always of the MCG bearer and therefore only use the radio resources provided by the MeNB.
  • the MCG bearer ( 801 ) is a radio protocol only located in the MeNB to use MeNB resources only in the dual connectivity.
  • the SCG bearer ( 805 ) is a radio protocol only located in the SeNB to use SeNB resources in the dual connectivity.
  • the split bearer ( 803 ) is a radio protocol located in both the MeNB and the SeNB to use both MeNB and SeNB resources in the dual connectivity and the split bearer ( 803 ) may be a radio bearer comprising one Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) entity, two Radio Link Control (RLC) entities and two Medium Access Control (MAC) entities for one direction.
  • PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
  • RLC Radio Link Control
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • the dual connectivity operation can also be described as having at least one bearer configured to use radio resources provided by the SeNB.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for a general overview of the LTE protocol architecture for the downlink.
  • FIG. 9 A general overview of the LTE protocol architecture for the downlink is illustrated in FIG. 9 . Furthermore, the LTE protocol structure related to uplink transmissions is similar to the downlink structure in FIG. 9 , although there are differences with respect to transport format selection and multi-antenna transmission.
  • IP packets Data to be transmitted in the downlink enters in the form of IP packets on one of the SAE bearers ( 901 ). Prior to transmission over the radio interface, incoming IP packets are passed through multiple protocol entities, summarized below and described in more detail in the following sections:
  • the MAC ( 907 ) offers services to the RLC ( 905 ) in the form of logical channels ( 909 ).
  • a logical channel ( 909 ) is defined by the type of information it carries and are generally classified into control channels, used for transmission of control and configuration information necessary for operating an LTE system, and traffic channels, used for the user data.
  • the set of logical-channel types specified for LTE includes:
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for prioritization of two logical channels for three different uplink grants.
  • the uplink multiplexing is done according to a set of well-defined rules in the terminal as a scheduling grant applies to a specific uplink carrier of a terminal, not to a specific radio bearer within the terminal.
  • radio-bearer-specific scheduling grants would increase the control signaling overhead in the downlink and hence per-terminal scheduling is used in LTE.
  • the simplest multiplexing rule would be to serve logical channels in strict priority order. However, this may result in starvation of lower-priority channels; all resources would be given to the high-priority channel until its transmission buffer is empty. Typically, an operator would instead like to provide at least some throughput for low-priority services as well. Therefore, for each logical channel in an LTE terminal, a prioritized data rate is configured in addition to the priority value. The logical channels are then served in decreasing priority order up to their prioritized data rate, which avoids starvation as long as the scheduled data rate is at least as large as the sum of the prioritized data rates. Beyond the prioritized data rates, channels are served in strict priority order until the grant is fully exploited or the buffer is empty. This is illustrated in FIG. 10 .
  • a priority of the logical channel 1 (LCH 1) is higher than a priority of the logical channel 2 (LCH 2).
  • all prioritized data of the LCH 1 can be transmitted and a portion of prioritized data of the LCH 2 can be transmitted until amount of the scheduled data rate.
  • all prioritized data of the LCH 1 and all prioritized data of the LCH 2 can be transmitted.
  • all prioritized data of the LCH 1 and all prioritized data of the LCH 2 can be transmitted and a portion of data of the LCH 1 can be further transmitted.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for signaling of buffer status and power-headroom reports.
  • the scheduler needs knowledge about the amount of data awaiting transmission from the terminals to assign the proper amount of uplink resources. Obviously, there is no need to provide uplink resources to a terminal with no data to transmit as this would only result in the terminal performing padding to fill up the granted resources. Hence, as a minimum, the scheduler needs to know whether the terminal has data to transmit and should be given a grant. This is known as a scheduling request.
  • Terminals that already have a valid grant obviously do not need to request uplink resources.
  • information about the buffer situation and the power availability is useful, as discussed above. This information is provided to the scheduler as part of the uplink transmission through MAC control element.
  • the LCID field in one of the MAC subheaders is set to a reserved value indicating the presence of a buffer status report, as illustrated in FIG. 11 .
  • buffer information for each logical channel is beneficial, although this could result in a significant overhead.
  • Logical channels are therefore grouped into logical-channel groups and the reporting is done per group.
  • the buffer-size field in a buffer-status report indicates the amount of data awaiting transmission across all logical channels in a logical-channel group.
  • a buffer status report represents one or all four logical-channel groups and can be triggered for the following reasons:
  • the UE shall consider PDCP Control PDUs, as well as the following as data available for transmission in the PDCP entity:
  • SDUs for which no PDU has been submitted to lower layers i) the SDU itself, if the SDU has not yet been processed by PDCP, or ii) the PDU if the SDU has been processed by PDCP.
  • the UE shall also consider the following as data available for transmission in the PDCP entity:
  • SDUs for which a corresponding PDU has only been submitted to lower layers prior to the PDCP re-establishment starting from the first SDU for which the delivery of the corresponding PDUs has not been confirmed by the lower layer, except the SDUs which are indicated as successfully delivered by the PDCP status report, if received: i) the SDU, if it has not yet been processed by PDCP, or ii) the PDU once it has been processed by PDCP.
  • the UE shall consider the following as data available for transmission in the entity: i) RLC SDUs, or segments thereof, that have not yet been included in an RLC data PDU, ii) RLC data PDUs, or portions thereof, that are pending for retransmission (RLC AM).
  • the UE shall estimate the size of the STATUS PDU that will be transmitted in the next transmission opportunity, and consider this as data available for transmission in the RLC layer.
  • the Buffer Status Reporting (BSR) procedure is used to provide a serving eNB with information about the amount of data available for transmission (DAT) in the UL buffers of the UE.
  • RRC may control BSR reporting by configuring the two timers periodicBSR-Timer and retxBSR-Timer and by, for each logical channel, optionally signalling Logical Channel Group which allocates the logical channel to an LCG (Logical Channel Group).
  • the UE may consider all radio bearers which are not suspended and may consider radio bearers which are suspended.
  • a Buffer Status Report (BSR) may be triggered if any of the following events occur:
  • a MAC PDU may contain at most one MAC BSR control element, even when multiple events trigger a BSR by the time a BSR can be transmitted in which case the Regular BSR and the Periodic BSR shall have precedence over the padding BSR.
  • the UE may restart retxBSR-Timer upon indication of a grant for transmission of new data on any UL-SCH.
  • All triggered BSRs may be cancelled in case UL grants in this subframe can accommodate all pending data available for transmission but is not sufficient to additionally accommodate the BSR MAC control element plus its subheader. All triggered BSRs shall be cancelled when a BSR is included in a MAC PDU for transmission.
  • the UE shall transmit at most one Regular/Periodic BSR in a TTI. If the UE is requested to transmit multiple MAC PDUs in a TTI, it may include a padding BSR in any of the MAC PDUs which do not contain a Regular/Periodic BSR.
  • All BSRs transmitted in a TTI always reflect the buffer status after all MAC PDUs have been built for this TTI.
  • Each LCG shall report at the most one buffer status value per TTI and this value shall be reported in all BSRs reporting buffer status for this LCG.
  • FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram for one of radio protocol architecture for dual connectivity.
  • ‘Data available for transmission’ is defined in PDCP and RLC layers to be used for Buffer Status Reporting (BSR), Logical Channel Prioritization (LCP), and Random Access Preamble Group (RAPG) selection in MAC layer.
  • BSR Buffer Status Reporting
  • LCP Logical Channel Prioritization
  • RAPG Random Access Preamble Group
  • Xn interface the interface between MeNB ( 1201 ) and SeNB ( 1203 ) is called Xn interface ( 1205 ).
  • the Xn interface ( 1205 ) is assumed to be non-ideal; i.e. the delay in Xn interface could be up to 60 ms, but it is not limited thereto.
  • one of the potential solutions is for the UE ( 1207 ) to transmit data to both MeNB ( 1201 ) and SeNB ( 1203 ) utilizing a new RB structure called dual RLC/MAC scheme, where a single RB has one PDCP—two RLC—two MAC for one direction, and RLC/MAC pair is configured for each cell, as shown in FIG. 12 .
  • BE-DRB ( 1209 ) stands for DRB for Best Effort traffic.
  • the MAC functions addressed above i.e. buffer status reporting, are performed in each MAC, since the UL resource scheduling node is located in different node in the network side, i.e. one in MeNB ( 1201 ) and the other in SeNB ( 1203 ).
  • the problem is how to use the information ‘data available for transmission in PDCP’ in the MAC functions. If each MAC utilizes the same information of ‘data available for transmission in PDCP’, both the MeNB and the SeNB would allocate UL resource that can cope with ‘data available for transmission in PDCP’, in which case the ‘data available for transmission in PDCP’ is considered twice, and it leads to wastage of radio resource.
  • FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram for reporting amount of data available for transmission according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • the UE divides ‘Data Available for Transmission in PDCP’ (hereafter called DATP) to each MAC based on ratio.
  • DATP Data Available for Transmission in PDCP
  • the ratio may indicate ratio of “amount of PDCP data transmitted to RLC1” to “amount of PDCP data transmitted to RLC2” where RLC1 and RLC2 are connected to the PDCP entity, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the RLC1 is for the first base station and RLC2 is for the second base station.
  • the first base station may be a MeNB and the second base station may be a SeNB, and vice versa.
  • the ratio may be configured by the first base station or the second base station through RRC signaling or PDCP signaling or MAC signaling, when a radio bearer is configured or reconfigured (S 1301 ).
  • the ration is for calculating amount of Data Available for Transmission (DAT) in a PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) entity.
  • the ratio can be a form of ratio “DATP-1 (DATP for MAC in the first base station):DATP-2 (DATP for MAC in the second base station”, or percentile amount of DATP-2 compared to DATP-1, or vice versa, or any type of information that indicates the amount of data that can be used to divide the DATP to DATP-1 and DATP-2.
  • the UE can calculate an amount of DAT when data is arrived in the PDCP entity (S 1303 ).
  • the UE calculates the DATP and divides it into DATP-1 and DATP-2, if the DATP is less than a threshold, the UE does not divide the DATP into DATP-1 and DATP-2.
  • the threshold may be called as “minimum amount of data in PDCP”.
  • the UE can set a first amount of DAT (DATP-1) as the calculated amount of DAT (X) and a second amount of DAT (DATP-2) as 0 or the first amount of DAT (DATP-1) as 0 and the second amount of DAT (DATP-2) as the calculated amount of DAT (X)” when DATP is less than the threshold (S 1305 ).
  • This method aims at reducing the waste of UL resource considering the minimum amount of UL resources to be assigned to the UE.
  • the UE may receive the information related to the threshold from the first base station or the second base station.
  • the information related to the threshold may indicate the minimum amount of data in PDCP in byte.
  • the UE may receive configuration information through RRC signaling from the first base station for the second base station.
  • DATP calculates DATP (S 1303 )
  • the UE can select one of DATP-1 or DATP-2 by following the priority received from the first base station/the second base station or can randomly select one of DATP-1 or DATP-2.
  • the UE can report the amount of DAT to the BS (S 1307 ).
  • the UE can report the amount of DATP-1 to the first base station and can report the amount of DATP-2 to the second base station. If the amount of DATP-2 is ‘0’, the UE can report the amount of DATP-1 to the first base station but the UE may not report the amount of DATP-2 to the second base station.
  • the UE when the UE calculates the DATP and divides it into DATP-1 and DATP-2, if the DATP is equal to or more than the threshold, the UE may divide the DATP into DATP-1 and DATP-2 based on the ratio (S 1309 ). In this case, the UE may set a first amount of DAT (DATP-1) as ‘Y’ and a second amount of DAT (DATP-2) as ‘Z’ based on the ratio when DATP is equal to or more than the threshold (S 1311 ).
  • the UE calculates the DATP and divides it into DATP-1 and DATP-2 using the ratio, there is a case that the DATP-1 and DATP-2 are not the multiple of bytes. Since the UL resource is always assigned by bytes, the UE aligns DATP-1 and DATP-2 with the multiple of bytes as follows:
  • the UE also can round off/roundup/rounddown one or both of DATP-1 and DATP-2.
  • the UE can report the amount of DAT to the BS (S 1313 ).
  • the UE can report the amount of DATP-1 to the first base station and can report the amount of DATP-2 to the second base station.
  • FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram for triggering a buffer status reporting according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • the Buffer Status Reporting (BSR) procedure is used to provide a serving BS with information about the amount of data available for transmission (DAT) in the UL buffers of the UE.
  • DAT data available for transmission
  • the UE may consider all radio bearers which are not suspended and may consider radio bearers which are suspended.
  • a Buffer Status Report may be triggered when UL data, for a logical channel which belongs to a LCG, becomes available for transmission in the RLC entity or in the PDCP entity and either the data belongs to a logical channel with higher priority than the priorities of the logical channels which belong to any LCG and for which data is already available for transmission, or there is no data available for transmission for any of the logical channels which belong to a LCG, in which case the BSR is referred below to as “Regular BSR”. That means, when data belongs to a logical channel with same priority as the priorities of the logical channels which belong to any LCG and for which data is already available for transmission, the BSR is not triggered.
  • the UE is required to trigger the BSR although data belongs to a logical channel with same priority as the priorities of the logical channels which belong to any LCG and for which data is already available for transmission.
  • the UE when the first data is arrived in a protocol entity, the UE can calculate an amount of first DAT (S 1401 ).
  • the protocol entity is a PDCP entity, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the UE can set an amount of DAT for a first logical channel (DATP-1) as the calculated amount of DAT (X) and an amount of DAT for a second logical channel (DATP-2) as ‘zero’.
  • the first logical channel is for the first BS and the second logical channel is for the second BS.
  • the UE may trigger a BSR (S 1403 ).
  • the UE can calculate an amount of second DAT (S 1405 ).
  • the result of the step of S 1405 is “Y”
  • the UE can trigger the BSR (S 1407 ) although data belongs to a logical channel with same priority as the priorities of the logical channels which belong to any LCG and for which data is already available for transmission. If the Y is less than the threshold, the UE cannot trigger the BSR (S 1409 ).
  • the second logical channel has a lower priority than the first logical channel.
  • an amount of DAT for a second logical channel is set to ‘0’.
  • BSR of the second logical channel is not triggered despite having the data.
  • the amount of DAT for a second logical channel is set to some byte based on the certain ratio.
  • the BSR of the second logical channel is required to trigger the BSR although the data belongs to a logical channel with same priority as the priorities of the logical channels which belong to any LCG and for which data is already available for transmission.
  • the UE can trigger the BSR when the amount of first DAT is less than a threshold and the amount of second DAT is more than the threshold.
  • FIG. 15 is conceptual diagram an exemplary according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 An example procedure of this invention is shown in FIG. 15 , but this is one of example according to embodiments of the present invention, so it is not limited thereto.
  • the UE receives ratio information of a RB identified by RB ID from an MeNB or a SeNB. In this example, the ratio is set to 3:7.
  • the UE also receives threshold information. The threshold is set to 20 bytes and DATP-M is prioritized over DATP-S in this example (S 1501 ).
  • the ‘DATP-M’ is Data Available for Transmission in PDCP for the MeNB and the ‘DATP-S’ is Data Available for Transmission in PDCP for the SeNB.
  • the first data for the indicated RB are arrived (S 1503 ).
  • the UE calculates the DATR-M and DATR-S.
  • DATR-M 2 bytes
  • DATR-S 0 bytes (S 1517 ).
  • the UE calculates DAT-M and DAT-S.
  • the UE sends the BSR to both of MeNB and SeNB with the calculated buffer size (S 1521 ) because the BSR is triggered in the step of S 1515 .
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 16 can be a user equipment (UE) and/or eNB adapted to perform the above mechanism, but it can be any apparatus for performing the same operation.
  • UE user equipment
  • eNB evolved node B
  • the apparatus may comprises a DSP/microprocessor ( 110 ) and RF module (transmiceiver; 135 ).
  • the DSP/microprocessor ( 110 ) is electrically connected with the transceiver ( 135 ) and controls it.
  • the apparatus may further include power management module ( 105 ), battery ( 155 ), display ( 115 ), keypad ( 120 ), SIM card ( 125 ), memory device ( 130 ), speaker ( 145 ) and input device ( 150 ), based on its implementation and designer's choice.
  • FIG. 16 may represent a UE comprising a receiver ( 135 ) configured to receive a request message from a network, and a transmitter ( 135 ) configured to transmit the transmission or reception timing information to the network. These receiver and the transmitter can constitute the transceiver ( 135 ).
  • the UE further comprises a processor ( 110 ) connected to the transceiver ( 135 : receiver and transmitter).
  • FIG. 17 may represent a network apparatus comprising a transmitter ( 135 ) configured to transmit a request message to a UE and a receiver ( 135 ) configured to receive the transmission or reception timing information from the UE. These transmitter and receiver may constitute the transceiver ( 135 ).
  • the network further comprises a processor ( 110 ) connected to the transmitter and the receiver. This processor ( 110 ) may be configured to calculate latency based on the transmission or reception timing information.
  • a specific operation described as performed by the BS may be performed by an upper node of the BS. Namely, it is apparent that, in a network comprised of a plurality of network nodes including a BS, various operations performed for communication with an MS may be performed by the BS, or network nodes other than the BS.
  • the term eNB′ may be replaced with the term ‘fixed station’, ‘Node B’, ‘Base Station (BS)’, ‘access point’, etc.
  • the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, or microprocessors.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSPs Digital Signal Processors
  • DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
  • PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • processors controllers, microcontrollers, or microprocessors.
  • the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in the form of modules, procedures, functions, etc. performing the above-described functions or operations.
  • Software code may be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor.
  • the memory unit may be located at the interior or exterior of the processor and may transmit and receive data to and from the processor via various known means.

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