US20160053544A1 - Method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes for deep bores and chisel-less drilling system for carrying out said method - Google Patents
Method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes for deep bores and chisel-less drilling system for carrying out said method Download PDFInfo
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- US20160053544A1 US20160053544A1 US14/781,385 US201414781385A US2016053544A1 US 20160053544 A1 US20160053544 A1 US 20160053544A1 US 201414781385 A US201414781385 A US 201414781385A US 2016053544 A1 US2016053544 A1 US 2016053544A1
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- borehole
- chisel
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- drill head
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/138—Plastering the borehole wall; Injecting into the formation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
-
- E21B47/065—
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/003—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by analysing drilling variables or conditions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes for deep bores by means of high pressure water jet cutting. Furthermore, the invention relates to a chisel-less drilling system for carrying out said method.
- Boreholes for vertical deep bores that is to say bores which are driven into the ground to a depth of more than 500 m, are formed in practice by the “rotary method”, in which the rock to be penetrated is comminuted with a scraping action by means of a rotating chisel and is continuously removed by a flushing fluid which is pumped downward through the drill rod.
- Drill bits with diamond or sintered carbide edging have a durability of 70 to 100 hours in customary ground conditions.
- the entire drill string then has to be pulled out of the borehole and dismantled in order subsequently to be lowered again into the borehole with the new drill bit.
- the drilling operation therefore proceeds discontinuously.
- the borehole has to be supported, which is carried out in the case of the conventional deep bores by casing.
- This is carried out in stages with a decreasing pipe diameter in such a manner that, for example, in the case of an oil well at a depth of 3000 m, first of all a pipe reaching to a depth of 5 m and having an outside diameter of 473 mm is introduced.
- a pipe known as a casing with an outside diameter of 340 mm is pushed as far as the bottom of the bore and the intermediate space between borehole wall and casing is filled with a cement slurry.
- An alternative deep drilling method of the type in question is known, for example, from DE 10 2010 005 264 A1, in which the borehole is formed in a chisel-less manner by means of water jet cutting.
- the drill head for carrying out said known method is of annular design and has a multiplicity of water outlet nozzles arranged next to one another. With this said annular drill head, rather than comminuting the entire borehole diameter, only a rock ring is comminuted, in the manner of a core drilling machine. After a predeterminable depth of 5 m or 10 m is reached, radially inwardly facing water outlet nozzles on the drill head are activated in order radially to cut free the drill core which is exposed along the lateral area thereof. The cut-free drill core is subsequently pulled upward out of the borehole.
- the borehole is lined via partial segments each spanning an arc of 120°.
- the invention is based on the object of providing a method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes, which makes substantially continuous drilling operation possible.
- the achievement of this objective is characterized by a combination of the high pressure water jet cutting process with high frequency rock fragmentation.
- High pressure water jet cutting is understood as meaning the cutting up or severing of the rock with one water jet or with a plurality of water jets under high pressure.
- Water jets of this type can have a pressure from 1000 bar. Pressures from 4000 to 6000 bar are preferably used. An abrasive agent can be added to the water in order to increase the cutting power, this preferably being carried out only at pressures from 3000 bar. Said water jets reach outlet speeds of up to 1000 m/s.
- the pressures of the high pressure water jet cutting process and the frequencies of the high frequency rock fragmentation are variably adjustable.
- the inner wall of the borehole is continuously lined with a reinforcement, for example a fiber-reinforced shotcrete.
- a reinforcement for example a fiber-reinforced shotcrete.
- a drilling system according to the invention for carrying out the chisel-less drilling method according to the invention is characterized in that sonotrodes for transmitting high frequency vibrations are arranged in addition to the water outlet nozzles for the high pressure water jet cutting on the front end side of the drill head.
- the drill head but at least an end plate of the drill head, which end plate is provided with the water outlet nozzles and the sonotrodes, is designed to be rotatable about the center axis, in order to ensure a uniform and substantially extensive processing over the entire borehole diameter of the rock to be penetrated.
- At least one safety module and at least one borehole lining module are arranged behind the drill head in the drilling direction.
- the individual assemblies can be arranged one behind another rigidly or so as to be movable relative to one another.
- the safety module has at least one locking element for the form-fitting closing of the inside diameter of the borehole, and clamping elements for the force-fitting securing of the drilling system in the borehole.
- the borehole diameter can be closed in a form-fitting manner, for example, with an expander ring which closes the borehole in order then to be able to dissipate the positive pressure in a controlled manner via suitable pressure control valves.
- the clamping elements with which the entire drilling system can be interlocked in a force-fitting manner in the borehole are designed, according to the invention, for example as barbs which face radially upward and outward and fix the drilling system in the respective position in the borehole.
- the borehole lining module has spray nozzles for applying a curing medium, such as, for example, concrete, and a reinforcing fabric laying apparatus.
- a curing medium such as, for example, concrete
- a reinforcing fabric laying apparatus In order to form said hybrid material serving for lining the borehole wall and consisting of a reinforcing fiber and a curing medium, use is preferably made of carbon fibers and concrete.
- the fiber structure can be discharged via a cone, via which the reinforcing fibers can be applied directly onto the borehole wall in order subsequently to be able to be wetted with the curing medium.
- the borehole can be lined with a single layer or with multiple layers.
- the drilling system according to the invention consisting of the drill head, the safety module and the borehole lining module, is advantageously supplied via flexible pipe and/or hose lines, via which the drilling system is connected to supply devices outside the borehole, wherein the pipe and/or hose lines serve for the supply and removal of the materials relevant to the drilling system and for the feeding in of the electric supply lines.
- Each individual line of said flexible pipe and/or hose lines is preferably designed here as an endless line which can be kept ready on drums.
- the drive and the steering and control apparatus for the drill head are arranged directly on the drill head.
- the pumps for the high pressure water jet cutting and for sucking off the flushing medium are arranged on the drill head and/or on the safety module.
- the flexible pipe and/or hose lines via which the drilling system is connected to supply devices outside the borehole, also contain data lines, for example a bus system, via which the drill head and/or the safety module and/or the borehole lining module are connected to a workplace outside the borehole.
- all of the ambient parameters in the borehole can be determined via sensors coupled to the data lines and can be transmitted to the workplace in order to control the drilling system.
- piezo elements which are each coupled to an amplifying unit consisting of a sonotrode and an amplitude transformer are arranged in the drill head.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a chisel-less drilling system according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a front view of the drill head according to FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 shows a view according to FIG. 1 , but showing the drilling system in a borehole.
- FIG. 1 shows a drilling system 1 for vertical deep bores, which drilling system essentially consists of a drill head 2 , a safety module 3 and a borehole lining module 4 , wherein the individual assemblies 2 , 3 and 4 are arranged one behind another rigidly or so as to be movable relative to one another, depending on the application.
- the drilling system 1 consisting of the drill head 2 , the safety module 3 and the borehole lining module 4 is supplied via flexible pipe and/or hose lines 6 , via which the drilling system 1 is connected to supply devices 7 outside the borehole 5 .
- the pipe and/or hose lines 6 which serve for the supply and removal of the materials relevant to the drilling system 1 and for the feeding in of the electric supply lines, the individual pipe and/or hose lines 6 are designed as an endless line which can be kept ready on drums.
- the individual pipe and/or hose lines 6 are connected at certain distances to spacers and thus form a feed-in package which is guided into the borehole 5 .
- steel cables which are appropriately mounted outside the borehole 5 are preferably entrained.
- securing floats to the pipe and/or hose lines 6 , said floats absorbing the tensile loading since the borehole 5 is underwater during the drilling operation.
- water outlet nozzles 8 for the high pressure water jet cutting and sonotrodes 9 for transmitting high frequency vibrations for the high frequency rock fragmentation are arranged on the front end side of the drill head 2 .
- the entire drill head 2 In order to ensure uniform and substantially extensive processing over the entire borehole diameter of the rock to be penetrated, the entire drill head 2 , but at least an end plate 10 of the drill head 2 , which end plate is provided with the water outlet nozzles 8 and the sonotrodes 9 , is designed so as to be rotatable about the center axis.
- the end plate 10 is provided with suction openings 17 , via which the drilling mud can be sucked off and pumped out of the borehole 5 by the pipe and/or hose lines 6 .
- piezo elements which are each coupled to an amplifying unit consisting of a sonotrode 9 and an amplitude transformer are arranged in the drill head 2 .
- said sonotrodes are advantageously coated, for example with polycrystalline diamond.
- the pumps for the high pressure water jet cutting and for sucking off the flushing medium are arranged on the drill head 2 and/or on the safety module 3 .
- an abrasive agent such as, for example, quartz sand, can be added to the water jet, the abrasive agent being supplied to the drill head 2 via the flexible pipe and/or hose lines 6 and being mixed with the water jet only in the water outlet nozzle 8 in order to keep the wear on the lines as low as possible.
- the abrasive agent can be added here continuously or else only from time to time.
- the borehole 5 can also be secured and lined substantially continuously.
- the borehole 5 is lined directly after drilling.
- the borehole lining module 4 has spray nozzles 11 for applying a curing medium, such as, for example, concrete, and a reinforcing fabric laying apparatus 12 .
- Use is preferably made of carbon fibers and concrete in order to produce the hybrid material serving for lining the borehole wall, but other fiber materials and other curing media, such as, for example, plastics, are also usable for producing the hybrid material.
- the reinforcing fabric laying apparatus 12 for discharging the fiber structure can take place, for example, via a cone, via which the reinforcing fiber can be applied directly onto the borehole wall in order subsequently to be able to be wetted with curing medium.
- the borehole 5 can be lined with one layer or with multiple layers.
- the curing time of the concrete can be accelerated by the addition of special additives. In deeper regions with a higher earth temperature, the curing time is reduced simply by the rise in temperature.
- the concrete supplied via the pipe and/or hose lines is mixed with the additives, which are likewise supplied via the pipe and/or hose lines 6 , only at the borehole lining module 4 , in order to avoid curing in the supply lines.
- a finished borehole lining 18 is illustrated schematically in FIG. 3 .
- the safety module 3 serves, in the event of a sudden rise in pressure in the borehole 5 , for example by drilling into a gas bubble, firstly to prevent uncontrolled escape of the gas from the borehole 5 and secondly to prevent the entire drilling system 1 from being able to be pushed upward out of the borehole 5 by the rise in pressure.
- the safety module 3 has at least one locking element 13 for the form-fitting closing of the inside diameter of the borehole and clamping elements 14 for the force-fitting securing of the drilling system 1 in the borehole 2 .
- the diameter of the borehole is closed in a form-fitting manner via the locking element 13 , for example with an expander ring which closes the borehole 5 , in order then to be able to dissipate the positive pressure in a controlled manner via suitable pressure control valves.
- the clamping elements 14 with which the entire drilling system 1 can interlock in a force-fitting manner in the borehole 5 are designed, for example, as barbs which face radially upward and outward and fix the drilling system 1 in the respective position in the borehole 5 as the need arises.
- the drive and also the steering and control apparatus for the drill head 2 are arranged on the drill head 2 .
- the drive for the drill head 2 is designed as a crawler drive 15 arranged on the outer side of the drill head 2 .
- the flexible pipe and/or hose lines 6 via which the drilling system 1 is connected to supply devices 7 outside the borehole 5 , also contains data lines, for example a bus system, via which the drill head 2 and/or the safety module 3 and/or the borehole lining module 4 are connected to a workplace 16 outside the borehole 5 .
- all of the ambient parameters in the borehole 5 can be determined via sensors coupled to the data lines and can be transmitted to the workplace 16 in order to control the drilling system 1 .
- the control of the drilling system 1 can be arranged on only one of the components of drill head 2 , safety module 3 or borehole lining module 4 , or else can be arranged distributed between a plurality of the components 2 , 3 and 4 .
- the drill head 2 Since, in particular, the drill head 2 has a larger outside diameter than the fully lined borehole 5 , after the end of the drilling operation the entire drilling system 1 remains in the borehole 5 and, after the capping of the supply lines, can be used via the data lines which continue to exist, in order to exchange data with the workplace 16 .
- the drilling method which is described above and is usable for geothermal bores and for opening up natural gas or oil deposits is distinguished in that a continuous drilling operation is made possible and, by dispensing with drill rods and the like, requires substantially less outlay on material than the drilling methods known from the prior art, which leads to significantly more favorable costs for forming a deep bore.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes for deep bores by means of high-pressure water jet cutting. A chisel-free drilling method that makes substantially continuous drilling operation possible is characterized, according to the invention, by a combination of the processes of high-pressure water jet cutting and high-frequency rock fragmentation. The invention also relates to a chisel-free drilling system for carrying out the method.
Description
- The invention relates to a method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes for deep bores by means of high pressure water jet cutting. Furthermore, the invention relates to a chisel-less drilling system for carrying out said method.
- Boreholes for vertical deep bores, that is to say bores which are driven into the ground to a depth of more than 500 m, are formed in practice by the “rotary method”, in which the rock to be penetrated is comminuted with a scraping action by means of a rotating chisel and is continuously removed by a flushing fluid which is pumped downward through the drill rod.
- In the case of very deep bores, use is generally made of a drilling turbine which is arranged directly above the drill bit. In this method, the drill rod adjoining the drill bit counter to the drilling direction does not rotate with the drill bit but rather serves only for advancing the bit and for supplying the flushing fluid.
- Drill bits with diamond or sintered carbide edging have a durability of 70 to 100 hours in customary ground conditions. In order to exchange and refurbish the drill bit, the entire drill string then has to be pulled out of the borehole and dismantled in order subsequently to be lowered again into the borehole with the new drill bit. In the conventional deep drilling method, the drilling operation therefore proceeds discontinuously.
- In order to prevent the borehole from caving in, the borehole has to be supported, which is carried out in the case of the conventional deep bores by casing. This is carried out in stages with a decreasing pipe diameter in such a manner that, for example, in the case of an oil well at a depth of 3000 m, first of all a pipe reaching to a depth of 5 m and having an outside diameter of 473 mm is introduced. After a drilling depth of 150 m, a pipe known as a casing with an outside diameter of 340 mm is pushed as far as the bottom of the bore and the intermediate space between borehole wall and casing is filled with a cement slurry. At a drilling depth of 1500 m and at the final depth of 3000 m, further casing is carried out with casings which each have a smaller outside diameter than the previous casing, and therefore the outside diameter of the final casing after the end depth is reached is only 140 mm.
- Although this known deep drilling method has proven successful in practice, the costs for deep bores of this type are extremely high because of the discontinuous drilling and the constant refurbishing or reprovisioning of the drill bits and of the drill rod.
- An alternative deep drilling method of the type in question is known, for example, from DE 10 2010 005 264 A1, in which the borehole is formed in a chisel-less manner by means of water jet cutting. The drill head for carrying out said known method is of annular design and has a multiplicity of water outlet nozzles arranged next to one another. With this said annular drill head, rather than comminuting the entire borehole diameter, only a rock ring is comminuted, in the manner of a core drilling machine. After a predeterminable depth of 5 m or 10 m is reached, radially inwardly facing water outlet nozzles on the drill head are activated in order radially to cut free the drill core which is exposed along the lateral area thereof. The cut-free drill core is subsequently pulled upward out of the borehole. In this known method, the borehole is lined via partial segments each spanning an arc of 120°.
- Even said chisel-less drilling method operates discontinuously since the cut-free drill cores each have to be removed from the borehole. Furthermore, the borehole has to have a very large minimum diameter in order to have the appropriate handling clearances for transporting the drill cores.
- Taking this as the starting point, the invention is based on the object of providing a method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes, which makes substantially continuous drilling operation possible.
- According to the invention, the achievement of this objective is characterized by a combination of the high pressure water jet cutting process with high frequency rock fragmentation.
- High pressure water jet cutting is understood as meaning the cutting up or severing of the rock with one water jet or with a plurality of water jets under high pressure. Water jets of this type can have a pressure from 1000 bar. Pressures from 4000 to 6000 bar are preferably used. An abrasive agent can be added to the water in order to increase the cutting power, this preferably being carried out only at pressures from 3000 bar. Said water jets reach outlet speeds of up to 1000 m/s.
- By means of the combination according to the invention of the high pressure water jet cutting with the high frequency rock fragmentation, it is possible to provide a drilling method which operates efficiently and continuously, wherein the high frequency rock fragmentation can be operated alternating with the high pressure water jet cutting or in parallel thereto in order to use the most effective possibility in each case of breaking open the rock layer to be penetrated.
- In order to be able to adapt the high pressure water jet cutting process and the high frequency rock fragmentation process to each other in the best possible manner and to the conditions required in situ in the borehole, it is proposed by the invention that the pressures of the high pressure water jet cutting process and the frequencies of the high frequency rock fragmentation are variably adjustable.
- According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the inner wall of the borehole is continuously lined with a reinforcement, for example a fiber-reinforced shotcrete. By means of this continuous lining of the borehole directly after drilling, the entire drilling operation becomes more efficient since interruptions as are required, for example, during the borehole casing known in practice can also be omitted here.
- A drilling system according to the invention for carrying out the chisel-less drilling method according to the invention is characterized in that sonotrodes for transmitting high frequency vibrations are arranged in addition to the water outlet nozzles for the high pressure water jet cutting on the front end side of the drill head.
- According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the drill head, but at least an end plate of the drill head, which end plate is provided with the water outlet nozzles and the sonotrodes, is designed to be rotatable about the center axis, in order to ensure a uniform and substantially extensive processing over the entire borehole diameter of the rock to be penetrated.
- With a practical embodiment for configuring the drilling system according to the invention, it is proposed that at least one safety module and at least one borehole lining module are arranged behind the drill head in the drilling direction. Depending on the application, the individual assemblies can be arranged one behind another rigidly or so as to be movable relative to one another.
- In order, in the event of a sudden rise in pressure in the borehole, for example by drilling into a gas bubble, firstly to prevent uncontrolled escape of the gas from the borehole and secondly to prevent the entire drilling system from being able to be pushed upward out of the borehole by means of the rise in pressure, the safety module has at least one locking element for the form-fitting closing of the inside diameter of the borehole, and clamping elements for the force-fitting securing of the drilling system in the borehole.
- The borehole diameter can be closed in a form-fitting manner, for example, with an expander ring which closes the borehole in order then to be able to dissipate the positive pressure in a controlled manner via suitable pressure control valves. The clamping elements with which the entire drilling system can be interlocked in a force-fitting manner in the borehole are designed, according to the invention, for example as barbs which face radially upward and outward and fix the drilling system in the respective position in the borehole.
- In order to secure the borehole and also in order to shield the borehole from groundwater-conducting layers, the borehole is continuously lined directly after the drilling. For this purpose, the borehole lining module according to the invention has spray nozzles for applying a curing medium, such as, for example, concrete, and a reinforcing fabric laying apparatus. In order to form said hybrid material serving for lining the borehole wall and consisting of a reinforcing fiber and a curing medium, use is preferably made of carbon fibers and concrete. According to the invention, the fiber structure can be discharged via a cone, via which the reinforcing fibers can be applied directly onto the borehole wall in order subsequently to be able to be wetted with the curing medium. Depending on requirements, the borehole can be lined with a single layer or with multiple layers.
- Of course, as an alternative to the carbon fibers mentioned and the concrete as curing medium, use may also be made of other fiber materials and other curing media for lining the borehole.
- The drilling system according to the invention, consisting of the drill head, the safety module and the borehole lining module, is advantageously supplied via flexible pipe and/or hose lines, via which the drilling system is connected to supply devices outside the borehole, wherein the pipe and/or hose lines serve for the supply and removal of the materials relevant to the drilling system and for the feeding in of the electric supply lines. Each individual line of said flexible pipe and/or hose lines is preferably designed here as an endless line which can be kept ready on drums.
- Furthermore, it is proposed by the invention that the drive and the steering and control apparatus for the drill head are arranged directly on the drill head.
- In order to make the drilling system according to the invention as independent as possible from supply stations arranged outside the borehole, according to a practical embodiment of the invention the pumps for the high pressure water jet cutting and for sucking off the flushing medium are arranged on the drill head and/or on the safety module.
- In addition to the electric supply lines, the flexible pipe and/or hose lines, via which the drilling system is connected to supply devices outside the borehole, also contain data lines, for example a bus system, via which the drill head and/or the safety module and/or the borehole lining module are connected to a workplace outside the borehole.
- According to the invention, via the data lines, in addition to the system parameters, such as, for example, feed speed and pumping pressure, all of the ambient parameters in the borehole, such as, for example, temperature, pressure, rock density and the like, can be determined via sensors coupled to the data lines and can be transmitted to the workplace in order to control the drilling system.
- Finally, it is proposed by the invention that, in order to generate the high frequency pulses for the high frequency rock fragmentation, piezo elements which are each coupled to an amplifying unit consisting of a sonotrode and an amplitude transformer are arranged in the drill head.
- Owing to the equipping of the drilling system with the piezo elements and sonotrodes in order to generate the high frequency pulses, it is possible, after the target drilling depth is reached, to break up the rock with the aid of high frequency rock fragmentation in the manner of fracking, but without using chemicals.
- Further features and advantages of the invention emerge with reference to the associated drawings in which an exemplary embodiment of a chisel-less drilling system according to the invention is illustrated merely by way of example without restricting the invention to said exemplary embodiment. In the drawings:
-
FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a chisel-less drilling system according to the invention; -
FIG. 2 shows a front view of the drill head according toFIG. 1 , and -
FIG. 3 shows a view according toFIG. 1 , but showing the drilling system in a borehole. -
FIG. 1 shows adrilling system 1 for vertical deep bores, which drilling system essentially consists of adrill head 2, asafety module 3 and aborehole lining module 4, wherein theindividual assemblies - Although vertical deep bores are mentioned, it is possible, with the method described below and the
drilling system 1, also to direct the drilling course from the vertical into a horizontal course if this is required. However, the main drilling direction is the deep vertical bore. - As is apparent from the arrangement, illustrated in
FIG. 3 , of thedrilling system 1 arranged in aborehole 5, thedrilling system 1 consisting of thedrill head 2, thesafety module 3 and theborehole lining module 4 is supplied via flexible pipe and/orhose lines 6, via which thedrilling system 1 is connected to supply devices 7 outside theborehole 5. The pipe and/orhose lines 6 which serve for the supply and removal of the materials relevant to thedrilling system 1 and for the feeding in of the electric supply lines, the individual pipe and/orhose lines 6 are designed as an endless line which can be kept ready on drums. - The individual pipe and/or
hose lines 6 are connected at certain distances to spacers and thus form a feed-in package which is guided into theborehole 5. In order to be able to absorb the tensile forces which occur because of the dead weight of the pipe and/orhose lines 6 and the weight of thedrilling system 1, steel cables which are appropriately mounted outside theborehole 5 are preferably entrained. Furthermore, there is the possibility of securing floats to the pipe and/orhose lines 6, said floats absorbing the tensile loading since theborehole 5 is underwater during the drilling operation. - As is apparent from
FIG. 2 ,water outlet nozzles 8 for the high pressure water jet cutting andsonotrodes 9 for transmitting high frequency vibrations for the high frequency rock fragmentation are arranged on the front end side of thedrill head 2. - In order to ensure uniform and substantially extensive processing over the entire borehole diameter of the rock to be penetrated, the
entire drill head 2, but at least anend plate 10 of thedrill head 2, which end plate is provided with thewater outlet nozzles 8 and thesonotrodes 9, is designed so as to be rotatable about the center axis. - For the sucking up of the drilling mud arising during the drilling operation, the
end plate 10 is provided withsuction openings 17, via which the drilling mud can be sucked off and pumped out of theborehole 5 by the pipe and/orhose lines 6. - In order to generate the high frequency pulses for the high frequency rock fragmentation, piezo elements which are each coupled to an amplifying unit consisting of a
sonotrode 9 and an amplitude transformer are arranged in thedrill head 2. In order to protect thesonotrode 9 from wear, said sonotrodes are advantageously coated, for example with polycrystalline diamond. - The pumps for the high pressure water jet cutting and for sucking off the flushing medium are arranged on the
drill head 2 and/or on thesafety module 3. In order to increase the cutting action of the high pressure water jet, an abrasive agent, such as, for example, quartz sand, can be added to the water jet, the abrasive agent being supplied to thedrill head 2 via the flexible pipe and/orhose lines 6 and being mixed with the water jet only in thewater outlet nozzle 8 in order to keep the wear on the lines as low as possible. The abrasive agent can be added here continuously or else only from time to time. - By means of the combination of the high pressure water jet cutting with the high frequency rock fragmentation, and by means of the sheet-like design of the
drill head 2 and the corresponding positioning of thewater outlet nozzles 8 andsonotrodes 9, it is possible to carry out the drilling operation continuously, that is to say without interruptions for refurbishing a drill bit or for removing a cut-free drill core, as is required in the deep drilling methods known from the prior art. - In order to be able to use a continuously operating drilling method as efficiently as possible, it is advantageous if the
borehole 5 can also be secured and lined substantially continuously. - In order to secure the
borehole 5 and also in order to shield the borehole from groundwater-conducting layers, theborehole 5 is lined directly after drilling. For this purpose, theborehole lining module 4 according to the invention hasspray nozzles 11 for applying a curing medium, such as, for example, concrete, and a reinforcingfabric laying apparatus 12. - Use is preferably made of carbon fibers and concrete in order to produce the hybrid material serving for lining the borehole wall, but other fiber materials and other curing media, such as, for example, plastics, are also usable for producing the hybrid material.
- The reinforcing
fabric laying apparatus 12 for discharging the fiber structure can take place, for example, via a cone, via which the reinforcing fiber can be applied directly onto the borehole wall in order subsequently to be able to be wetted with curing medium. Depending on the depth and geological conditions, theborehole 5 can be lined with one layer or with multiple layers. The curing time of the concrete can be accelerated by the addition of special additives. In deeper regions with a higher earth temperature, the curing time is reduced simply by the rise in temperature. The concrete supplied via the pipe and/or hose lines is mixed with the additives, which are likewise supplied via the pipe and/orhose lines 6, only at theborehole lining module 4, in order to avoid curing in the supply lines. - A finished borehole lining 18 is illustrated schematically in
FIG. 3 . - The
safety module 3 serves, in the event of a sudden rise in pressure in theborehole 5, for example by drilling into a gas bubble, firstly to prevent uncontrolled escape of the gas from theborehole 5 and secondly to prevent theentire drilling system 1 from being able to be pushed upward out of theborehole 5 by the rise in pressure. For this purpose, thesafety module 3 has at least one lockingelement 13 for the form-fitting closing of the inside diameter of the borehole and clampingelements 14 for the force-fitting securing of thedrilling system 1 in theborehole 2. - The diameter of the borehole is closed in a form-fitting manner via the locking
element 13, for example with an expander ring which closes theborehole 5, in order then to be able to dissipate the positive pressure in a controlled manner via suitable pressure control valves. The clampingelements 14 with which theentire drilling system 1 can interlock in a force-fitting manner in theborehole 5 are designed, for example, as barbs which face radially upward and outward and fix thedrilling system 1 in the respective position in theborehole 5 as the need arises. - The drive and also the steering and control apparatus for the
drill head 2 are arranged on thedrill head 2. In the embodiment illustrated, the drive for thedrill head 2 is designed as acrawler drive 15 arranged on the outer side of thedrill head 2. - In addition to the electric supply lines, the flexible pipe and/or
hose lines 6, via which thedrilling system 1 is connected to supply devices 7 outside theborehole 5, also contains data lines, for example a bus system, via which thedrill head 2 and/or thesafety module 3 and/or theborehole lining module 4 are connected to aworkplace 16 outside theborehole 5. - Via said data lines, in addition to the system parameters, such as, for example, feed speed and pumping pressure, all of the ambient parameters in the
borehole 5, such as, for example, temperature, pressure, rock density and the like, can be determined via sensors coupled to the data lines and can be transmitted to theworkplace 16 in order to control thedrilling system 1. - The control of the
drilling system 1 can be arranged on only one of the components ofdrill head 2,safety module 3 orborehole lining module 4, or else can be arranged distributed between a plurality of thecomponents - Since, in particular, the
drill head 2 has a larger outside diameter than the fully linedborehole 5, after the end of the drilling operation theentire drilling system 1 remains in theborehole 5 and, after the capping of the supply lines, can be used via the data lines which continue to exist, in order to exchange data with theworkplace 16. - The drilling method which is described above and is usable for geothermal bores and for opening up natural gas or oil deposits is distinguished in that a continuous drilling operation is made possible and, by dispensing with drill rods and the like, requires substantially less outlay on material than the drilling methods known from the prior art, which leads to significantly more favorable costs for forming a deep bore.
Claims (15)
1. A method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes for deep bores by means of high pressure water jet cutting, characterized by a combination of the high pressure water jet cutting process with high frequency rock fragmentation.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the high frequency rock fragmentation is used alternating with the high pressure water jet cutting or simultaneously with the high pressure water jet cutting.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the pressures of the high pressure water jet cutting process and the frequencies of the high frequency rock fragmentation are variably adjustable.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the wall of the borehole is continuously lined with a reinforcement.
5. A chisel-less drilling system for carrying out the method as claimed in claim 1 with a drill head provided with water outlet nozzles, characterized in that sonotrodes for transmitting high frequency vibrations are arranged in addition to the water outlet nozzles for the high pressure water jet cutting on the front end side of the drill head.
6. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that the drill head, but at least an end plate of the drill head, which end plate is provided with the water outlet nozzles and the sonotrodes, is designed to be rotatable about the center axis.
7. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that at least one safety module and at least one borehole lining module are arranged behind the drill head in the drilling direction.
8. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 7 , characterized in that the safety module has at least one locking element for the form-fitting closing of the inside diameter of the borehole, and clamping elements for the force-fitting securing of the drilling system in the borehole.
9. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 7 , characterized in that the borehole lining module has spray nozzles for applying a curing medium, and a reinforcing fabric laying apparatus.
10. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that the drill head, the safety module and the borehole lining module are connected to supply devices outside the borehole via flexible pipe and/or hose lines, wherein the pipe and/or hose lines serve for the supply and removal of the materials relating to the drilling system and for the feeding in of the electric supply lines.
11. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that the drive and also the steering and control apparatus for the drill head are arranged on the drill head.
12. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that the pumps for the high pressure water jet cutting and for sucking off the flushing medium are arranged on the drill head and/or on the safety module.
13. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that the drill head and/or the safety module and/or the borehole lining module are connected to a workplace outside the borehole via data lines, for example a bus system.
14. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 13 , characterized in that, via the data lines, in addition to the system parameters, such as, for example, feed speed and pumping pressure, all of the ambient parameters in the borehole, such as, for example, temperature, pressure, rock density and the like, can be determined via sensors coupled to the data lines and can be transmitted to the workplace in order to control the drilling system.
15. The chisel-less drilling system as claimed in claim 5 , characterized in that, in order to generate the high frequency pulses for the high frequency rock fragmentation, piezo elements which are each coupled to an amplifying unit consisting of a sonotrode and an amplitude transformer are arranged in the drill head.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013005857.0A DE102013005857A1 (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2013-04-08 | Method for the chisel-free creation of wells for deep drilling and chisel-free drilling system for carrying out the method |
DE102013005857.0 | 2013-04-08 | ||
PCT/DE2014/000152 WO2014166467A2 (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2014-03-26 | Method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes for deep bores and chisel-less drilling system for carrying out said method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20160053544A1 true US20160053544A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
Family
ID=50729314
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/781,385 Abandoned US20160053544A1 (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2014-03-26 | Method for the chisel-less formation of boreholes for deep bores and chisel-less drilling system for carrying out said method |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160053544A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2984273B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102013005857A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014166467A2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160053547A1 (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-02-25 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drill bits with stick-slip resistance |
CN111101864A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-05 | 西安石油大学 | Particle type drilling impact equipment |
US11029062B2 (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2021-06-08 | Strabo Engineering, LLC | Geothermal heat mining system |
CN114294001A (en) * | 2021-12-26 | 2022-04-08 | 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 | Ultrasonic vibration and ultrasonic high-voltage pulse jet comprehensive rock drilling device and using method |
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US4652174A (en) * | 1984-02-07 | 1987-03-24 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Method of forming underground ducts, conduits and the like |
US5020724A (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1991-06-04 | Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology, Ministry Of International Trade & Industry | Nozzle for water jet cutting |
US5154347A (en) * | 1991-02-05 | 1992-10-13 | National Research Council Canada | Ultrasonically generated cavitating or interrupted jet |
US20130032400A1 (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-02-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Cooled-fluid Systems and Methods for Pulsed-Electric Drilling |
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US3251424A (en) * | 1962-06-18 | 1966-05-17 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Acoustic drilling method and apparatus |
DE1189492B (en) * | 1964-02-13 | 1965-03-25 | Eckart Cronjaeger | Process for the continuous installation of casing in boreholes |
DE10116363B4 (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2006-03-16 | Tracto-Technik Gmbh | Drilling head of a drilling device, in particular Spülbohrkopf a flat drilling |
DE102010005264A1 (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2011-07-21 | Smolka, Peter P., Dr., 48161 | Chiselless drilling system |
-
2013
- 2013-04-08 DE DE102013005857.0A patent/DE102013005857A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-03-26 EP EP14723976.8A patent/EP2984273B1/en active Active
- 2014-03-26 WO PCT/DE2014/000152 patent/WO2014166467A2/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-26 US US14/781,385 patent/US20160053544A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3302720A (en) * | 1957-06-17 | 1967-02-07 | Orpha B Brandon | Energy wave fractureing of formations |
US4652174A (en) * | 1984-02-07 | 1987-03-24 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Method of forming underground ducts, conduits and the like |
US5020724A (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1991-06-04 | Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology, Ministry Of International Trade & Industry | Nozzle for water jet cutting |
US5154347A (en) * | 1991-02-05 | 1992-10-13 | National Research Council Canada | Ultrasonically generated cavitating or interrupted jet |
US20130032400A1 (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-02-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Cooled-fluid Systems and Methods for Pulsed-Electric Drilling |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160053547A1 (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-02-25 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drill bits with stick-slip resistance |
US10738537B2 (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2020-08-11 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drill bits with stick-slip resistance |
US10995556B2 (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2021-05-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Drill bits with stick-slip resistance |
US11029062B2 (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2021-06-08 | Strabo Engineering, LLC | Geothermal heat mining system |
US11428441B2 (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2022-08-30 | Strabo Engineering, LLC | Geothermal heat mining system |
CN111101864A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-05 | 西安石油大学 | Particle type drilling impact equipment |
CN114294001A (en) * | 2021-12-26 | 2022-04-08 | 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 | Ultrasonic vibration and ultrasonic high-voltage pulse jet comprehensive rock drilling device and using method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2014166467A2 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
EP2984273B1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
EP2984273A2 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
DE102013005857A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
WO2014166467A3 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
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