US20150368165A1 - Cultivation medium presenting water availability comparable to that of a peat - Google Patents

Cultivation medium presenting water availability comparable to that of a peat Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20150368165A1
US20150368165A1 US14/313,485 US201414313485A US2015368165A1 US 20150368165 A1 US20150368165 A1 US 20150368165A1 US 201414313485 A US201414313485 A US 201414313485A US 2015368165 A1 US2015368165 A1 US 2015368165A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bark
based composition
cultivation medium
volume
water availability
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/313,485
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Laurent Tournayre
Eric BEAUDET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Florentaise SA
Original Assignee
Florentaise SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Florentaise SA filed Critical Florentaise SA
Assigned to FLORENTAISE reassignment FLORENTAISE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BEAUDET, Eric, Tournayre, Laurent
Publication of US20150368165A1 publication Critical patent/US20150368165A1/en
Priority to US15/647,422 priority Critical patent/US10703684B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/52—Mulches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacturing of cultivation substrates having properties, in particular water availability, that are similar to those of peat.
  • peats are highly valued because of their water availability, which represents the water that can be stored by a substrate and that can be extracted easily by the roots of most conventional horticultural plants. It may also be referred to by the terms “useful storage” or “easily usable storage”.
  • Peats have considerable drawbacks. Peats are made up of organic material from wetlands, frequently in fragile and protected zones. Peats are present only in certain areas of the world, which is problematic for shipping because they need to be transported over long distances. In addition, their formation process is very slow, and they thus cannot be regarded as renewables. In addition, the extraction methods commonly used release considerable quantities of carbon and greenhouse gases.
  • Water availability expressed as the ratio of the volume of water over the volume of cultivation medium, corresponds to the water released at capillary capacities in the range ⁇ 1 kilopascal (kPa) and ⁇ 10 kPa; measurement is performed using the methodology defined in the standard EN 13041 with suction of 10 centimeters (cm) and a water height of 100 cm.
  • Bark is thus generally ground and screened to obtain particle size fractions lying in the range 0 millimeters (mm) to 40 mm, which makes it possible to obtain advantageous drainage and aeration capacities, but remains insufficient in terms of water availability.
  • Fine grinding of bark has been proposed, but poses problems in terms of controlling and reproducibility of particle size, and in terms of macro pores becoming clogged because of the finest particles migrating during cultivation.
  • Composting barks makes it possible to improve the resulting water availability, but without making it possible to reach values close to those of peats.
  • composting is a process presenting several drawbacks, among which mention may be made of: a stock immobilization over a considerable period; losses of organic matter; non-reproducibility; and the need for dedicated infrastructures requiring considerable investment.
  • Document FR 2 900 923 describes a method of obtaining a cultivation medium using bark. Although, that document describes the acquisition of advantageous characteristics: pH; high absorption capacity; and low apparent density; those characteristics are common to numerous materials used for making cultivation media, and the method described in that document does not mention the water availability values.
  • the present invention thus aims to provide a cultivation medium having water availability that is comparable with the water availabilities of peats.
  • the present invention provides a cultivation medium characterized in that it is made by defibration of a bark-based composition comprising at least 70% by volume of bark, said cultivation medium having water availability that is greater than or equal to 250 millimiters per liter (mL/L).
  • the bark-based composition typically comprises 100% by volume of bark, and comprises:
  • the bark-based composition comprises at least 80% by volume of bark.
  • the remaining volume of the bark-based composition is typically wood.
  • the bark is the outer bark from woody plants.
  • the invention also provides a method of treating a bark-based composition, in which the bark-based composition is defibrated, said bark-based composition comprising at least 70% by volume of bark, in order to make cultivation media having water availability that is greater than or equal to 250 mL/L.
  • the bark-based composition comprises at least 80% by volume of bark.
  • the remaining volume of the bark-based composition is typically wood.
  • the bark is the outer bark from woody plants.
  • the bark-based composition is typically defibrated by raising temperature and by compression, e.g. by means of an auger machine or any other device or method.
  • the method may also include a step of grinding and screening the bark-based composition, in such a manner that the bark-based composition to be extruded has a particle size of 25 mm to 40 mm.
  • the composition to be extruded has a particle size of 10 mm to 25 mm.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a method according to an aspect of the invention.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 show an example of an installation for performing a method according to an aspect of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a method according to an aspect of the invention.
  • the bark is ground, the bark typically being from conifers.
  • an optional second step S 2 the ground bark is screened in such a manner as to obtain bark presenting a determined particle size. It is thus sought to obtain a bark comprising particles lying in the range 5 mm to 40 mm.
  • the bark typically presents particle size of 25 mm to 40 mm, or particle size of 10 mm to 25 mm.
  • This optional second step S 2 may be performed following the optional first step S 1 , and may also be performed independently of the optional first step S 1 .
  • a bark-based composition is formed.
  • the bark-based composition is formed by bringing together bark, typically bark from conifers, which is then typically combined with wood, e.g., wood chips or shavings.
  • the bark forms at least 70% by volume of the bark-based composition, or by way of example, at least 80% by volume, or even more precisely at least 90% by volume of the bark-based composition, or even at least 95% by volume of the bark-based composition.
  • the remaining volume of the bark-based composition is typically wood.
  • the bark-based composition may be constituted by 100% bark.
  • bark may be used. As a function of the nature of the bark, for example for hardwood bark, it may be necessary to perform a preliminary step of phyto-toxicity treatment.
  • the optional grinding as well as the optional screening may be performed after the step S 3 of forming the bark-based composition.
  • a fourth step S 4 the bark-based composition is defibrated, e.g. by extrusion by means of a machine, typically an auger or worm-screw machine, in such a manner as to compress and raise the temperature of the bark-based composition.
  • a machine typically an auger or worm-screw machine
  • defibration may be performed by means of other machines or methods.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 show an example of a machine making it possible to implement a method according to an aspect of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of a defibration installation making it possible to implement the method of the invention, with the wall of the sheath being cut-away.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view corresponding to a view of the FIG. 1 installation in section on plane II-II of FIG. 2 , with the portions of the screw 14 that are present in this plane being omitted.
  • FIG. 4 is a view in section on line III-III of FIG. 2 .
  • the installation shown in the figures comprises a sheath 10 in which two screws 12 , 14 are disposed that mesh with each other, thus forming an auger extrusion machine.
  • the distance e between the axes of the two screws is less than the outside diameter of their threads.
  • the shafts 12 A and 14 A of the screws 12 and 14 are driven in rotation by a motor M and are mediumed in rotation by bearings, such as the bearings 15 .
  • the outside wall of the sheath has the shape of two intersecting cylinder segments, each of which is adapted to match the diameter of the screws 12 and 14 .
  • the sheath has an opening cover that forms one of its longitudinal walls and serves to enable maintenance and jam-clearing to be performed on it, if necessary.
  • the bark-based composition 16 that is to be defibrated, i.e. reduced to fibers, is loaded into the sheath via a feed 20 situated at the upstream end 10 A of the sheath and, for example, being in the form of a hopper situated on the top face of the sheath, into which the bark-based composition is brought by any suitable means, e.g. by a screw conveyor (not shown).
  • the sheath has an outlet 22 .
  • the outlet is constituted by a chute situated on the bottom face of the sheath and allowing the fibers 24 to fall by gravity onto the belt conveyor 26 .
  • the conveyor may be equipped with a tunnel (not shown), ventilated with a gas, such as air (preferably filtered air), so as to cool the fibers progressively as they are being conveyed.
  • the opening in the wall of the sheath that is formed at the feed 20 is advantageously symmetrical about the vertical midplane between the axes 12 A and 14 A of the screws so as to guarantee good distribution of the bark-based composition onto the two screws as soon as said chips enter the sheath.
  • the opening formed at the outlet 22 of the sheath is advantageously symmetrical about the same vertical midplane.
  • the bark-based composition is driven in the direction S going from upstream to downstream.
  • One or more extraction filters 28 are disposed in the bottom wall of the sheath, which filters serve to extract the liquor coming from the defibration or the water for washing the bark-based composition, thereby making it possible to regulate the final humidity of the product.
  • said filters are placed at the upstream ends of the braking zones that are described below.
  • the two screws 12 and 14 turn in the same direction R and at the same speed of rotation. Over each segment of the facing screws, the threads of the two screws are of the same direction.
  • the threads For each screw, the threads have an upstream series SM of segments and a downstream series of segments SA.
  • the threads also have an intermediate series SI situated between the upstream series SM and the downstream series SA.
  • the series SM, SI, and SA are disposed in succession along the sheath from upstream to downstream.
  • Each of the series itself comprises a drive upstream zone, respectively SME, SIE, and SAE for the upstream, intermediate, and downstream segments, and a braking downstream zone, respectively SMF, SIF, and SAF for the upstream, intermediate and downstream series.
  • drive zones and braking zones are respectively referred to as “upstream” and as “downstream” because, for each series, the drive zone is upstream from the braking zone in the direction S in which the bark-based composition advances during defibration.
  • the threads 12 B and 14 B of the screws 12 and 14 are forward threads. This means that, by turning the screw in the direction R, these threads cause the material that is situated between them to advance downstream naturally. Conversely, in the braking zones SMF, SIF, and SAF, the threads 12 B and 14 B are reverse threads, i.e. turning the screw in the direction R tends to cause the bark-based composition situated between them to move back upstream.
  • the bark-based composition being defibrated tends to clump together at the interface between the drive zone and the braking zone.
  • the threads of the braking zones have interruptions or notches 12 C, 14 C.
  • these notches form constriction zones through which the bark- based composition is forced to pass, under the effect of the thrust exerted, upstream, by the bark-based composition driven downstream by the drive upstream zone.
  • the bark-based composition is subjected to a rise in temperature as a result of the pressure exerted inside the extruder, which pressure may in particular be regulated by the number of notches in the braking zones and by their dimensions. Due to the effect of the increase in temperature, of pressure, and of friction, the bark breaks up and retains only the primary structures making it up, thus performing defibration.
  • FIG. 4 is a view in vertical section immediately upstream from a braking zone (in this example, the braking zone of the upstream series SM), and shows how a braking zone is organized.
  • each thread has 5 identical notches, respectively 12 C and 14 C, that are uniformly angularly distributed.
  • the axes of the screws are referenced 12 A and 14 A, which are the axes of rotation of their carrier shafts, respectively 12 P and 14 P. Since the screw segments can advantageously be disassembled, their threads are carried by sleeves, respectively 12 M and 14 M, which are mounted on the carrier shafts and are constrained in rotation therewith by any suitable means, e.g. by axial fluting (not shown).
  • the notches are defined radially between the radially outer periphery of the thread and its radially inner periphery defined by the outside surface of the sleeve, respectively 12 M and 14 M.
  • the outside diameter of each screw, defined by the radially outer periphery of its thread is 240 mm
  • the radial height h of a notch is 44 mm
  • the width of a notch is 16 mm.
  • the notches 12 C or 14 C of two consecutive threads of the same screw are angularly offset to a small extent.
  • thick lines are used to show the notches in the threads that are situated firstly starting from the section plane, while thin lines are used to show the positions of the notches in the threads that are situated immediately downstream from the first threads.
  • the angular offset is approximately in the range 10° to 20°, and it is directed in the direction of rotation R of the screws, so that a line interconnecting two corresponding notches of two adjacent threads is directed in the same direction as the forward threads.
  • the installation is fed continuously and the feed flow-rate is adjusted to satisfy pressure and temperature parameters.
  • the installation advantageously includes at least one temperature sensor CT situated upstream from the downstream braking zone SMF of the upstream series (in the region of the section plane III-III).
  • a correspondence table giving correspondences between temperature and pressure may be established.
  • a rise in temperature revealed by the temperature sensor CT can indicate too high a risk of an increase in pressure.
  • the installation can then by regulated by reducing the bark-based composition feed flow-rate.
  • the measurements made by these sensors (at least the measurement made by the temperature sensor CT) may be input into a microprocessor that delivers a command to the bark-based composition feed system, e.g. an auger, as indicated above.
  • the microprocessor may, in a memory, have a temperature/pressure correspondence table. If the pressure is measured directly, the microprocessor can control the bark-based composition feed system on the basis of the two items of data (temperature and pressure) that are delivered to it. For a determined bark-based composition and for a known humidity, it is possible to establish a relationship between the pressure & temperature parameters and the electrical power consumed by the motor that drives the screws in rotation (or the electrical current delivered, if the voltage is constant, as it often is). This relationship can be determined empirically by testing. With this relationship being known, it is possible to obtain the desired pressure and temperature parameters by adjusting the bark-based composition feed in such a manner as to consume a target amount of power.
  • the Applicant has observed that the transit time/pressure/temperature parameters are optimized if the chip feed of the machine is managed in such a manner as to obtain a fiber output rate such that, knowing the total section of the notches of each thread in the downstream series SA, the ratio RSO remains within the range 65 mm 2 /m ⁇ 3 h ⁇ 1 to 85 mm 2 /m 3 h ⁇ 1 , and preferably within the range 75 mm 2 /m 3 h ⁇ 1 to 85 mm 2 /m 3 h ⁇ 1 . It has also been observed that defibration of bark requires less energy than defibration of wood. By way of example, defibration of bark requires in the order of 80 kilowatt-hours per metric tonne (kWh/t) whereas defibration of wood requires in the order of 120 kWh/t.
  • the adjustments of the installation and of the method may be fine-tuned as a function of the bark-based composition that is defibrated.
  • the extrusion by means of an auger machine of a composition comprising 100% Scots pine bark of 10 mm to 25 mm gauge made it possible to obtain water availability of 369.1 mL/L, i.e. water availability that is substantially equal to that of white peat.
  • the extrusion by means of an auger machine of a composition comprising 90% by volume Scots pine bark of 10 mm to 25 mm gauge and 10% by volume of wood shavings made it possible to obtain water availability of 256.1 mL/L, i.e. water availability that is comparable to that of black peat.
  • the extrusion by means of an auger machine of a composition comprising 100% maritime pine bark and black pine bark of 10 mm to 25 mm gauge made it possible to obtain water availability of 346 mL/L, i.e. water availability that is substantially equal to that of white peat.
  • the extrusion by means of an auger machine of a composition comprising 80% by volume maritime pine bark and black pine bark of 10 mm to 25 mm gauge and 20% by volume of wood shavings made it possible to obtain water availability of 277 mL/L, i.e. water availability that is comparable to that of black peat.
  • the extrusion by means of an auger machine of a composition comprising 70% by volume maritime pine bark and black pine bark of 10 mm to 25 mm gauge and 30% by volume of wood shavings made it possible to obtain water availability of 243 mL/L, i.e. water availability that is comparable to that of black peat.
  • the present method thus makes it possible to obtain a cultivation medium having water availability that is comparable to that of peat, i.e. greater than or equal to 250 mL/L, which is not possible with prior art methods.
  • the method may be used to obtain water availability that is greater than or equal to 240 mL/L, 260 mL/L, 270 mL/L, 280 mL/L, 290 mL/L, 300 mL/L, 310 mL/L, 320 mL/L, 330 mL/L, 340 mL/L, 350 mL/L, 360 mL/L, 370 mL/L, or even 375 mL/L.
  • Table 1 presents the results of a particle-size analysis of fibers resulting from a defibration method applied firstly to bark and secondly to wood.
  • the particles are concentrated in the range 100 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, this range of values representing about 65% of the fibers. There is little coarse fraction, greater than 1000 ⁇ m. However, it is this coarse fraction, which is not very conducive to retaining water, and which is very common when fibers are obtained by wood defibration.
  • the fine fraction corresponding to fibers that are smaller than 100 ⁇ m, is reduced, in this example to less than 5%.
  • this fraction can lead to clogging of the pores and to characteristics changing over time.
  • a small fine fraction as obtained by bark defibration is therefore advantageous.
  • the particle size typically obtained is as follows:
  • Varying the quantity of wood in the bark-based composition makes it possible to influence other properties of the cultivation medium obtained.
  • increasing the quantity of wood in the bark-based composition thus makes it possible to increase aeration of the cultivation medium obtained.
  • increasing the quantity of wood in the bark-based composition leads to a progressive reduction in water availability.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
US14/313,485 2014-06-20 2014-06-24 Cultivation medium presenting water availability comparable to that of a peat Abandoned US20150368165A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/647,422 US10703684B2 (en) 2014-06-20 2017-07-12 Cultivation medium presenting water availability comparable to that of a peat

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14305960.8 2014-06-20
EP14305960.8A EP2957549B1 (fr) 2014-06-20 2014-06-20 Support de culture présentant une disponibilité en eau comparable à une tourbe

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/647,422 Division US10703684B2 (en) 2014-06-20 2017-07-12 Cultivation medium presenting water availability comparable to that of a peat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20150368165A1 true US20150368165A1 (en) 2015-12-24

Family

ID=51167822

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/313,485 Abandoned US20150368165A1 (en) 2014-06-20 2014-06-24 Cultivation medium presenting water availability comparable to that of a peat
US15/647,422 Active 2034-09-19 US10703684B2 (en) 2014-06-20 2017-07-12 Cultivation medium presenting water availability comparable to that of a peat

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/647,422 Active 2034-09-19 US10703684B2 (en) 2014-06-20 2017-07-12 Cultivation medium presenting water availability comparable to that of a peat

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US20150368165A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2957549B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2857861C (fr)
ES (1) ES2694801T3 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180057966A1 (en) * 2014-06-29 2018-03-01 Profile Products L.L.C. Growing medium and mulch fiber opening apparatus
US10266457B2 (en) * 2014-06-29 2019-04-23 Profile Products L.L.C. Bark and wood fiber growing medium
US10519373B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2019-12-31 Profile Products, L.L.C. Bark and wood fiber growing medium
US10889758B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2021-01-12 Profile Products, L.L.C. Naturally dyed mulch and growing media
US11242624B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2022-02-08 Profile Products L.L.C. Growing medium and mulch fiber opening apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR112019003983B1 (pt) * 2016-09-13 2022-09-13 Dow Global Technologies Llc Composição, batelada mestre e processo para revestir um fio ou cabo com uma composição de polietileno espumável

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150344390A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2015-12-03 Valagro Carbone Renouvelable Poitou-Charentes Method for obtaining polyphenols from a vegetable raw material containing same

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2556930B1 (fr) * 1983-12-22 1986-05-16 Fertil Aquitaine Nouveau milieu de culture pour plantes
CH680290A5 (fr) * 1990-03-20 1992-07-31 Iup Inst Fuer Umweltpflege Ag
DE19757028B4 (de) * 1997-12-20 2004-03-04 Bioprodukte Prof. Steinberg Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hochwertigen Torfersatzstoffes
RU2298313C1 (ru) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Береста-ЭкоДом" Способ сохранения продуктов полеводства и садоводства
FR2900923B1 (fr) 2006-05-11 2008-12-05 Ct Valorisation Ind Agro Resso Procede d'obtention d'un substitut a la tourbe
CA2661949A1 (fr) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-06 Naturnorth Technologies, Llc Granulation d'ecorce de bouleau et procedes permettant d'obtenir des produits naturels a partir de granules d'ecorce de bouleau
MX2013003809A (es) * 2010-10-05 2013-06-28 Nahum Shpak Medio de crecimiento de plantas.
FR2980333B1 (fr) * 2011-09-26 2014-08-29 Florentaise Installation pour preparer des fibres de bois pour un substrat de culture

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150344390A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2015-12-03 Valagro Carbone Renouvelable Poitou-Charentes Method for obtaining polyphenols from a vegetable raw material containing same

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180057966A1 (en) * 2014-06-29 2018-03-01 Profile Products L.L.C. Growing medium and mulch fiber opening apparatus
US10266457B2 (en) * 2014-06-29 2019-04-23 Profile Products L.L.C. Bark and wood fiber growing medium
US10519373B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2019-12-31 Profile Products, L.L.C. Bark and wood fiber growing medium
US10519073B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2019-12-31 Profile Products L.L.C. Bark and wood fiber growing medium
US10889758B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2021-01-12 Profile Products, L.L.C. Naturally dyed mulch and growing media
US10907098B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2021-02-02 Profile Products L.L.C. Bark and wood fiber growing medium
US11242624B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2022-02-08 Profile Products L.L.C. Growing medium and mulch fiber opening apparatus
US11434425B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2022-09-06 Profile Products L.L.C. Bark and wood fiber growing medium
US11686021B2 (en) * 2014-06-29 2023-06-27 Profile Products L.L.C. Growing medium and mulch fiber opening apparatus
US11771021B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2023-10-03 Profile Products L.L.C. Naturally dyed mulch and growing media
US11987537B2 (en) 2014-06-29 2024-05-21 Profile Products Llc Bark and wood fiber growing medium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2957549A1 (fr) 2015-12-23
EP2957549B1 (fr) 2018-08-08
CA2857861A1 (fr) 2015-12-20
US20170305802A1 (en) 2017-10-26
ES2694801T3 (es) 2018-12-27
US10703684B2 (en) 2020-07-07
CA2857861C (fr) 2021-08-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10703684B2 (en) Cultivation medium presenting water availability comparable to that of a peat
US8777144B2 (en) Installation for preparing wood fibers for a cultivation substrate
CN103878121B (zh) 一种桑枝皮芯分离成粒联合机
Hernández et al. Effects of cutting parameters on cutting forces and surface quality of black spruce cants
EP1017550A1 (fr) Procede d'enduction de fibres a la colle
US8783591B2 (en) Method of preparing wood fibers for a cultivation substrate
Nayeri et al. Effects of temperature and time on the morphology, pH, and buffering capacity of bast and core kenaf fibres
JP2018517863A5 (fr)
CN105209226B (zh) 用于胶合颗粒的方法和设备
EP3235870A1 (fr) Composition constituée de drêche de brasserie et d'acide polylactique et procédé de fabrication de celle-ci
RU2717224C2 (ru) Способ изготовления продуктов из волокна модифицированной древесины, обработанной ангидридом уксусной кислоты
DE202013105332U1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Beleimen von Fasern oder faserähnlichem Material
CN210242930U (zh) 一种煤粉转子秤的预给料装置
CN2920600Y (zh) 麦秸纤维外循环气流铺装机
CN208377949U (zh) 一种含仓的皮带机
WO2015075176A2 (fr) Dispositif et procédé d'encollage de fibres ou de matériau fibreux
RU2550290C2 (ru) Способ сушки льняной тресты
RU2442085C2 (ru) Способ сушки льняной тресты
Hrázský et al. The influence of particle composition in a three-layer particleboard on its physical and mechanical properties
EP3641996A1 (fr) Installation et procédé de production de particules végétales encollées
Czarniak et al. Machinability of three layer MDF boards made of wood fibres with different diamensions
DE102015107321A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beleimen von Fasern oder faserähnlichem Material
SU477837A1 (ru) Установка дл отделени древесной зелени
CN204640430U (zh) 具有自我保护功能的环式刨片机
CN106544920A (zh) 一种利用秸秆生产人造板的方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: FLORENTAISE, FRANCE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TOURNAYRE, LAURENT;BEAUDET, ERIC;REEL/FRAME:033504/0942

Effective date: 20140718

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION