US20150226459A1 - Solar collector tube and a solar collector with multiple solar collector tubes - Google Patents

Solar collector tube and a solar collector with multiple solar collector tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150226459A1
US20150226459A1 US14/613,992 US201514613992A US2015226459A1 US 20150226459 A1 US20150226459 A1 US 20150226459A1 US 201514613992 A US201514613992 A US 201514613992A US 2015226459 A1 US2015226459 A1 US 2015226459A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
solar collector
inner tube
tubes
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/613,992
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English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Bürger
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20150226459A1 publication Critical patent/US20150226459A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F24J2/055—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
    • F24J2/4649—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/80—Accommodating differential expansion of solar collector elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/30—Arrangements for connecting the fluid circuits of solar collectors with each other or with other components, e.g. pipe connections; Fluid distributing means, e.g. headers
    • F24J2002/4676—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/74—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits are not fixed to heat absorbing plates and are not touching each other
    • F24S10/742—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits are not fixed to heat absorbing plates and are not touching each other the conduits being parallel to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/60—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2025/601—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules by bonding, e.g. by using adhesives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/60—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2025/6012—Joining different materials
    • F24S2025/6013—Joining glass with non-glass elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar collector tube and a solar collector with multiple solar collector tubes.
  • Solar collector tubes are sufficiently known from the prior art.
  • DE 100 02 929 A1 discloses a solar collector tube, with which air or other gases are heated up in such manner that a medium with a sufficiently high temperature is provided.
  • a double-walled tube is provided, which has an immersion tube in its centre, wherein there is a gap between the immersion tube and the double-walled tube, wherein a mesh serving as an absorber is disposed in the space formed by the gap.
  • the medium to be heated is led through this absorber layer, wherein the medium heated in the partition wall is led back through the inside of the immersion_tube.
  • Disposing multiple solar collector tubes on one conduit essentially leads to the formation of a parallel connection of multiple solar collector tubes for generating a correspondingly greater volume flow.
  • a parallel connection of a plurality of such solar collector tubes is not aimed at increasing the exit temperature of the heated gas, but at increasing the volume of gas exiting at a certain temperature. An increase of the temperature can be achieved by way of a series connection.
  • the document DE 198 21 137 B4 discloses a tube collector, which serves to heat up a liquid, more specifically water.
  • a so-called cladding tube is provided, wherein an absorber tube is disposed in the cladding tube at a distance from the cladding tube.
  • a third tube, the so-called heat pipe is located in the cladding tube.
  • Cold water which heats up over time on its way through the tube collector, is transported through the inside of this heat pipe, then exits the heat pipe at its end and is guided counter-current to a warm water return flow through the gap formed between the outer surface of the heat pipe and the inner surface of the absorber tube.
  • This tube collector constitutes a self-contained unit, with which a certain amount of fluid can be heated to a certain temperature over a certain period of time depending on the radiation intensity.
  • air collectors configured as flat-plate collectors are known from the prior art.
  • Such flat-plate collectors are marketed for example by the company Grammer Solartechnik.
  • the collector has a cover made of a single-pane safety glass on its upper side, wherein the collector has a support in the form of a plate on its underside, wherein an insulating layer is provided between the plate-shaped support and the individual absorber tubes.
  • cold air is supplied at one end, and the hot air is taken off at the other end.
  • a number of such collectors can be series-connected, since these collectors have respectively one flange frame on their front side.
  • Sydney tubes there are solar collector tubes made of glass known as Sydney tubes. These tubes have two glass walls disposed in a spaced-apart relationship, wherein the one inner glass wall has an absorber layer. Such Sydney tubes serve to heat up fluids in that another tube holding the fluid is disposed in the Sydney tube. Since it is closed at one end, such a Sydney tube is not adapted to effectively heat up gases, because the volume flows are two low.
  • a solar collector tube in which the outer as well as the inner tube are made of glass is known from EP 2 322 871 A. Since glass must have a certain minimal thickness in order to be sufficiently solid, a solar collector consisting of two glass tubes disposed in a spaced-apart relationship is relatively heavy. In addition, there is always a risk that the inner tube will break due to high differences in temperature between the inner and outer tube.
  • the problem underlying the invention is to provide a solar collector tube that is light and has a high degree of efficiency with regard to the produced amount of heated gas and is additionally solid.
  • a solar collector tube for heating up gases which comprises two tubes for forming a tube wall, disposed in a spaced-apart relationship so as to form an intermediate space, wherein the outer tube is made of glass, a translucent synthetic material or a translucent composite material and the inner tube is made of metal or a synthetic or composite material, wherein the solar collector tube is open at both ends, at least with regard to the inner tube, for allowing passage of the gas to be heated.
  • Glass tubes must have a minimal thickness of approx. 2 mm in order to reduce the risk of breakage. The thickness of the glass causes it to be heavy.
  • An inner tube made of e.g. aluminum only requires a wall thickness of approx. 0.5 mm. Since glass and aluminum have about the same density, the total weight of the tube is smaller. Since, in the solar collector tube of the invention, the inner tube is still open at both ends, it is possible to let the gas to be heated pass through the tube and it is also possible to connect several such solar collector tubes in series, in order to further increase the output temperature. In order to produce a higher volume, it is also possible to connect multiple such solar collector tubes in parallel.
  • Such solar collector tubes produced with an inner tube made e.g. of aluminum are relatively light and provide a high power output, which is why such solar collectors can also be installed as units on roofs of industrial plants in order to heat for example factory buildings by means of the heated air or to produce process heat.
  • the two tubes i.e. the inner and the outer tube are connected to each other at their ends in a gas-tight manner for closing the intermediate space.
  • This can be implemented for example by gluing together the two tubes at their ends in a temperature-resistant manner, wherein the bonding is such that differences in the thermal expansion of the two glass tubes can be compensated for.
  • a high-temperature-resistant bonding of the two tubes, for example by way of silicone glue is conceivable.
  • the inner tube has an absorber. More specifically, the tube is provided with an absorber layer.
  • the absorber layer is disposed on the inner side or on the outer side of the inner tube. If the absorber layer is disposed on the outer side of the inner tube, the consequence will be that the inner tube, e.g. made of aluminum, will be strongly heated, and will consequently expand correspondingly more than the outer glass tube.
  • the absorber layer can only be fastened to the outer side.
  • a compensation of such different expansions caused by different temperatures can be implemented by way of an appropriate adhesive bonding between the outer and the inner glass tube.
  • a compensator which means that the inner tube made for example of aluminum has a circumferentially wave-shaped or folded or meandering configuration, preferably in an end region, in order to allow for movement in case of thermal expansion.
  • heat conduction plates in the inner tube of the solar collector tube.
  • the heat conduction plate which can be inserted into the inner tube of the solar collector tube in any configuration, preferably rests on the inner wall of the inner tube. It is welded, soldered or only pressed onto the inner tube. In any case, a contact between the heat conduction plate and the inner wall of the inner tube is expedient with regard to the heat transfer.
  • Such a heat conduction plate increases the surface for transferring heat from the inner tube to the gas flowing through it.
  • the intermediate space between the inner tube and the outer tube is configured in such a manner that the heat lost due to radiation is reduced. This can be achieved on the one hand by evacuating the space between the two tubes, i.e. the outer and the inner tube, or by filling it with a lowly heat-conductive gas, for example xenon or argon.
  • a lowly heat-conductive gas for example xenon or argon.
  • the air can also be left in the intermediate space.
  • the tube can be adapted to the appropriate temperature requirements.
  • a solar connector with multiple solar collector tubes of the type mentioned in the introduction, wherein the multiple solar collector tubes are connected to each other by sleeves is also an object of the invention. It has already been mentioned elsewhere that when the solar collector tubes are heated up, an expansion caused by the increase in temperature is to be expected.
  • the sleeves which are made of an elastomer, have a T-shaped configuration, wherein the web of the sleeve is located between the front tube walls of two adjacent solar collector tubes.
  • the limb of the sleeve surrounds the wall of the respective solar collector tube in the manner of a cuff, which means that such a sleeve is first slid onto the solar collector tube until it abuts with its web against the front side of the solar collector, wherein the other solar collector tube is subsequently also slid into the open limb of the sleeve.
  • the height of the web is chosen so that it corresponds approximately to the wall thickness of the two inner and outer tubes forming the wall plus the distance between the two tubes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a solar collector in a perspective representation
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail from FIG. 1 of a magnified representation of a section of a first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail from FIG. 1 of a magnified representation of a section of another embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail from Fig. 1 of a magnified representation of a section of a third embodiment
  • FIG. 5 a - 5 c show different embodiments of a solar collector tube with differently configured heat conduction plates
  • FIG. 6 shows the inner tube with a compensator based on the example of the embodiment according to FIG. 2 .
  • the object of the invention is the arrangement of the individual solar collector tubes ( FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 ).
  • a solar collector tube labelled 2 comprises the two tubes 21 and 22 fitted inside one another in a spaced-apart manner.
  • the intermediate space 23 between the two tubes is closed at one end, either by way of a temperature resistant bonding 25 , for example by means of silicone glue, or, when both tubes are made of the same material, by fusing the ends of both tubes 21 , 22 as schematically shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the absorber layer labelled 28 is disposed on the inner side of the inner tube 22 , whereas in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 , the absorber layer 28 can be found on the outer side of the inner tube 22 .
  • an inner tube 22 e.g. made of a composite material, configured as an absorber
  • the absorber can have any shape.
  • the connection between the two tubes can also be carried out by means of temperature-resistant silicone glue 25 .
  • a sleeve 10 is provided for implementing a series connection of solar collectors with solar collector tubes.
  • the sleeve labelled 10 grasps the two series-connected solar collector tubes 2 plus the gap between the two tubes.
  • the sleeve 10 comprises the web 11 as well as the two limbs 12 and 13 .
  • the height of the web 11 corresponds to the wall thickness 29 of the solar collector tube 2 formed by the two glass tubes 21 and 22 .
  • the limbs 12 and 13 of the sleeve 10 each grasp the respective solar collector tube 2 by its outer surface as can be seen in the representations according to FIGS. 2 and 3 .
  • FIGS. 5 a to 5 c additionally show the arrangement of a heat conduction plate 30 in the inner tube 22 .
  • the plate can have any shape and be connected to the inner wall of the inner tube. For example it can be welded or pressed onto the inner wall so that it cannot be displaced.
  • FIG. 6 shows the configuration of an inner tube 22 with a compensator, which can have a wave-shaped, folded or meandering configuration.
  • the inner tube 22 will become warmer, which is why it will expand more that the outer tube 21 .
  • the compensator 24 is provided in order to compensate for the differences in the lengthwise expansion of the tubes.
  • the compensator is preferably located in the end region of the inner tube.
  • a solar collector configured in the manner described above is characterized by a relatively low total weight, while having a high power output.
  • a solar collector of the type shown in FIG. 1 with a surface of 25 m 2 is able to produce up to 23 kW of power (depending on the insulation), while having a weight of approximately 310 kg.
  • This means that such a solar collector can also be mounted on flat roofs with a relatively low permissible roof load and can still provide a sufficient heating output for heating a factory building. The heated air cannot only be used for heating purposes but also as process heat.
US14/613,992 2014-02-07 2015-02-04 Solar collector tube and a solar collector with multiple solar collector tubes Abandoned US20150226459A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202014001094.3U DE202014001094U1 (de) 2014-02-07 2014-02-07 Solarkollektorröhre und Solarkollektor mit mehreren Solarkollektorröhren
DEDE202014001094.3 2014-02-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20150226459A1 true US20150226459A1 (en) 2015-08-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/613,992 Abandoned US20150226459A1 (en) 2014-02-07 2015-02-04 Solar collector tube and a solar collector with multiple solar collector tubes

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US20150226459A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2905555A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2881249A1 (de)
DE (1) DE202014001094U1 (de)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080216823A1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2008-09-11 Ronald Kmetovicz Solar energy apparatus
US20130192668A1 (en) * 2010-08-30 2013-08-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Combined heat and power solar system
US20130319501A1 (en) * 2010-01-11 2013-12-05 Donald Bennett Hilliard Solar receiver and associated energy conversion apparatus

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU569478B2 (en) * 1982-09-30 1988-02-04 Solar Engineering Pty. Ltd. Solar apparatus
DE19821137B4 (de) 1998-05-12 2005-04-28 Schott Ag Röhrenkollektor
DE10002929A1 (de) 2000-01-25 2001-07-26 Friedrich Roth Solarkollektorröhre
US6705311B1 (en) * 2001-11-13 2004-03-16 Solel Solar Systems Ltd. Radiation heat-shield for solar system
EP2256428A1 (de) * 2009-05-26 2010-12-01 Aries Ingenieria y Sistemas, S.A. Strahlungsenergiesammelvorrichtung
DE102010027428A1 (de) * 2009-07-15 2011-08-04 Borontec AG, 10785 Solarkollektor
DE102009045100A1 (de) * 2009-09-29 2011-04-07 Schott Solar Ag Absorberrohr
ES2370327B1 (es) * 2009-11-12 2012-09-27 Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. Elemento aislante del dispositivo de compensación de expansión y procedimiento de fabricación del mismo.
DE202009015505U1 (de) * 2009-11-13 2010-03-11 Bürger, Thomas Solarkollektorröhre und Solarkollektor mit mehreren Solarkollektorröhren
US8881721B2 (en) * 2011-06-30 2014-11-11 Lockheed Martin Corporation Solar receiver diaphragm

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080216823A1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2008-09-11 Ronald Kmetovicz Solar energy apparatus
US20130319501A1 (en) * 2010-01-11 2013-12-05 Donald Bennett Hilliard Solar receiver and associated energy conversion apparatus
US20130192668A1 (en) * 2010-08-30 2013-08-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Combined heat and power solar system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Burger English Translation *

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DE202014001094U1 (de) 2014-05-12
EP2905555A1 (de) 2015-08-12
CA2881249A1 (en) 2015-08-07

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