US20150060042A1 - Electrical submersible pump and pump system including additively manufactured structures and method of manufacture - Google Patents

Electrical submersible pump and pump system including additively manufactured structures and method of manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150060042A1
US20150060042A1 US14/013,494 US201314013494A US2015060042A1 US 20150060042 A1 US20150060042 A1 US 20150060042A1 US 201314013494 A US201314013494 A US 201314013494A US 2015060042 A1 US2015060042 A1 US 2015060042A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
submersible pump
electric submersible
impeller
diffuser
metal matrix
Prior art date
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Abandoned
Application number
US14/013,494
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English (en)
Inventor
Vijay Shilpiekandula
James William Sears
Yanzhe Yang
Hongqing Sun
Farshad Ghasripoor
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US14/013,494 priority Critical patent/US20150060042A1/en
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SUN, Hongqing, SEARS, JAMES WILLIAM, YANG, YANZHE, GHASRIPOOR, FARSHAD, SHILPIEKANDULA, VIJAY
Priority to PCT/US2014/050660 priority patent/WO2015031038A1/en
Priority to CA2921752A priority patent/CA2921752C/en
Priority to EP14799063.4A priority patent/EP3039297B1/en
Priority to DK14799063.4T priority patent/DK3039297T3/en
Priority to NO15705427A priority patent/NO3099688T3/no
Publication of US20150060042A1 publication Critical patent/US20150060042A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
    • E21B43/128—Adaptation of pump systems with down-hole electric drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use
    • F04D13/10—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use adapted for use in mining bore holes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B22F3/008—
    • B22F3/1055—
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0026—Matrix based on Ni, Co, Cr or alloys thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/026—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern
    • F04D29/2222—Construction and assembly
    • F04D29/2227—Construction and assembly for special materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/445—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/448—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps bladed diffusers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B22F2003/1057—
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C2200/00—Crystalline structure
    • C22C2200/02—Amorphous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
    • F05D2230/31—Layer deposition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/22—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/226—Carbides
    • F05D2300/2263—Carbides of tungsten, e.g. WC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/603—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
    • F05D2300/6032—Metal matrix composites [MMC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to electric submersible pumps. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to electric submersible pumps configured to provide improved contaminant tolerance and resulting increase in life span of the pump and pump components.
  • Electric submersible pump systems are used in a wide variety of environments, including wellbore applications for pumping production fluids, such as water or petroleum.
  • Electric submersible pump systems typically include, among other components, a submersible pump that provides for the pumping of high volumes of fluid, such as for use in oil wells which produce large quantities of water, or high volume water wells and a submersible motor for operating the electric submersible pump.
  • a typical electric submersible pump utilizes numerous stages of diffusers and impellers, referred to as pump stages, for pumping fluid to the surface from the well.
  • the impellers are configured to rotate within the diffusers. It is known in the art to make impellers and diffusers from a cast alloy by machining operations, such as milling, turning, etc.
  • tolerance to contaminants in the pumped fluid is of great concern. More particularly, tolerance to contaminants in the pumped fluid is a critical functionality that can enhance the lifespan of the electric submersible pumps. If a fluid being pumped contains a significant amount of contaminants, and more particularly entrained abrasive contaminants, such as sand, the abrasive particles will abrade and/or erode the components, and in particular the pump impellers and diffusers, and thereby shortening the life of the pump. To minimize the detrimental effects of these contaminants, recent developments have provided submersible pumps that include features to reduce material loss due to contaminants.
  • One of these features includes utilizing coatings on the component substrate, such as the cast alloy, thus providing for a harder surface area that is less susceptible to damage by the impact of these contaminants.
  • the inclusion of other wear resistant pump components comprised of harder material than the impeller and diffuser, may be utilized such as bearings formed of hardened material.
  • inclusion of these coating and or wear resistant components is considerably more expensive than conventional pump stage components.
  • an electric submersible pump including conventional pump stage components having improved tolerance to contaminants, such as sand, thus providing for an increase in the lifespan of the pump. Further, there is a need for an electric submersible pump that allows continuous operation of the electric submersible pump system for an extended period of time.
  • the electric submersible pump comprising: a housing; at least one impeller disposed in the housing; and at least one diffuser disposed in the housing and configured in cooperative engagement with the at least one impeller. At least one of the at least one impeller and the at least one diffuser is configured as a monolithic additively manufactured structure comprised of a metal matrix composite.
  • the electrical submersible pump system comprising: an electric submersible pump; and an electric motor configured to operate the electric submersible pump.
  • the electric submersible pump comprises: a housing; at least one impeller; and at least one diffuser.
  • the at least one impeller and the at least one diffuser are disposed within the housing and configured in cooperative engagement.
  • the housing, the at least one impeller, and the at least one diffuser define an internal volume within the housing, said internal volume configured to receive a fluid.
  • At least one of the at least one impeller and the at least one diffuser is configured as a monolithic additively manufactured structure comprised of a metal matrix composite.
  • Yet another aspect of the disclosure resides a method of manufacturing an electric submersible pump.
  • the method comprising: (a) forming at least one impeller disposed in a housing; and (b) forming at least one diffuser disposed in the housing and configured in cooperative engagement with the at least one impeller.
  • At least one of the at least one impeller and the at least one diffuser is configured as a monolithic structure comprised of a metal matrix composite.
  • At least one of steps (a) through (b) is carried out by direct metal laser sintering.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an electric submersible pump disposed within a wellbore in accordance with one or more embodiments shown or described herein;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a portion of an electric submersible pump assembly in accordance with one or more embodiments shown or described herein;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a portion of the electric submersible pump assembly of FIG. 2 in accordance with one or more embodiments shown or described herein;
  • FIG. 4 is an isometric view of an electric submersible pump diffuser in accordance with one or more embodiments shown or described herein;
  • FIG. 5 is an isometric view of an electric submersible pump impeller in accordance with one or more embodiments shown or described herein;
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of a metal matrix composite material of an electric submersible pump component in accordance with one or more embodiments shown or described herein;
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart depicting an embodiment of an additive manufacturing method for producing the effusion plate in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a system and method for monolithic design and manufacture of an electric submersible pump.
  • the present disclosure further provides embodiments of a system and method for monolithic design and manufacture of an electric submersible pump manufactured via additive manufacturing techniques. Using such techniques, the monolithic design so produced may provide improved tolerance to contaminants.
  • first,” “second,” and the like, herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another and intended for the purpose of orienting the reader as to specific components parts.
  • Approximating language may be applied to modify any quantitative representation that could permissibly vary without resulting in a change in the basic function to which it is related.
  • the modifier “about” used in connection with a quantity is inclusive of the stated value, and has the meaning dictated by context, (e.g., includes the degree of error associated with measurement of the particular quantity). Accordingly, a value modified by a term or terms, such as “about”, is not limited to the precise value specified. In some instances, the approximating language may correspond to the precision of an instrument for measuring the value.
  • references throughout the specification to “one embodiment,” “another embodiment,” “an embodiment,” and so forth, means that a particular element (e.g., feature, structure, and/or characteristic) described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described herein, and may or may not be present in other embodiments.
  • reference to “a particular configuration” means that a particular element (e.g., feature, structure, and/or characteristic) described in connection with the configuration is included in at least one configuration described herein, and may or may not be present in other configurations.
  • inventive features may be combined in any suitable manner in the various embodiments and configurations.
  • the terms “may” and “may be” indicate a possibility of an occurrence within a set of circumstances; a possession of a specified property, characteristic or function; and/or qualify another verb by expressing one or more of an ability, capability, or possibility associated with the qualified verb. Accordingly, usage of “may” and “may be” indicates that a modified term is apparently appropriate, capable, or suitable for an indicated capacity, function, or usage, while taking into account that in some circumstances the modified term may sometimes not be appropriate, capable, or suitable. For example, in some circumstances, an event or capacity can be expected, while in other circumstances the event or capacity cannot occur—this distinction is captured by the terms “may” and “may be”.
  • an exemplary electric submersible pump (ESP) system 10 including portions manufactured via additive manufacturing techniques is illustrated wherein the ESP system is disposed within a wellbore 12 .
  • the wellbore 12 is formed in a geological formation 14 , for example, an oilfield.
  • the wellbore 12 is further lined by a casing 16 , as indicated in FIG. 1 .
  • the casing 16 may be further perforated to allow a fluid to be pumped (referred to herein as “production fluid”) to flow into the casing 16 from the geological formation 14 and pumped to the surface of the wellbore 12 .
  • the ESP system 10 includes an electric submersible pump 20 , an electric motor 22 configured to operate the electric submersible pump 20 , and an electric cable 24 configured to power the electric motor 22 .
  • the ESP system 10 according to some embodiments of the invention is disposed within a wellbore 12 for continuous operation over an extended period of time. Accordingly, in such embodiments, the ESP system 10 and the components of the ESP system 10 may be subjected to extreme conditions such as high temperatures, high pressures, and exposure to contaminants, such as sand.
  • the ESP system 10 further includes a gas separator 26 and a seal 28 .
  • the ESP system 10 may further include additional components such as bellows or springs (not shown).
  • the present invention provides an electric submersible pump manufactured via additive manufacturing techniques that is capable of withstanding high temperatures, high pressures, and exposure to contaminants.
  • the electric submersible pump 20 according to an embodiment is a multi-stage unit with the number of stages being determined by the operating requirements. Each stage consists of a driven impeller and a diffuser manufactured via additive manufacturing techniques (described presently) which directs flow to the next stage of the pump.
  • the electrical submersible pump 20 is configured as a centrifugal pump comprising one or more pump stages 30 .
  • the electric submersible pump 20 is comprised of a plurality of pump stages 30 .
  • Each pump stage 30 is comprised of at least one impeller 34 and at least one diffuser 36 , (as best illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 ) stacked on a common shaft 38 extending at least the length of the pump 20 and cooperatively engaged one with the other.
  • the one or more pump stages 30 , and more particularly the at least one impeller 34 and at least one diffuser 36 are disposed within a housing 40 .
  • the shaft 38 extends concentrically through the housing 40 and is rotated by the electric motor 22 , thus driving the pump 20 .
  • the electric submersible pump 20 may include one or more rotating impellers 34 and one or more stationary diffusers 36 that can be assembled in either floater or compression configurations to meet performance requirements.
  • each of the at least one impellers 34 is configured to rotate within a diffuser 36 during operation of the pump 20 .
  • the diffuser 36 is stationarily mounted within the housing 40 . It has been found that the number of impellers 34 needed to produce a given flow rate at a given pressure is inversely proportional to impeller speed. More particularly, if the impeller speed is increased by a factor of 3, the number of impellers 34 can be reduced by the same ratio and produce the desired flow rate and pressure.
  • the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 define an internal volume 42 within the housing 40 , said internal volume 42 configured to receive a fluid 44 as indicated in FIG. 3 .
  • the internal volume 42 is configured such that there is fluid communication between the at least one impeller 34 , the at least one diffuser 36 and the fluid 44 that the internal volume 42 may contain.
  • fluid communication means that the fluid 44 passing through the electric submersible pump 20 , is in contact with the internal volume 42 of the electric submersible pump 20 , and more particularly is in contact with the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 .
  • the electric submersible pump 20 and the components of the electric submersible pump 20 have a geometry and configuration such that the fluid 44 when passing through the internal volume 42 is in fluid communication with the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 .
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate embodiments of the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 formed via additive manufacturing techniques.
  • each of the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 are configured as a monolithic structure and comprised of a metal matrix composite 50 .
  • the term “metal matrix composite” is comprised of a metal matrix having a ceramic material dispersed therein (described presently). These materials are inherently designed to be sand tolerant and highly resistant to other contaminant materials that may result in erosion, abrasion, and corrosion to the pump stage components.
  • the cooperating impeller 34 and diffuser 36 are formed as a monolithic structure, and having a single solid, uniform material makeup.
  • the monolithic structures may be manufactured by additive manufacturing processes, such Direct Metal Laser Melting (DMLM).
  • DMLM Direct Metal Laser Melting
  • additive manufacturing techniques involve applying a source of energy, such as a laser or electron beam, to deposited powder layers in order to grow a part having a particular shape and features.
  • the metal matrix composite 50 is comprised of a metal matrix 52 and a ceramic material 54 .
  • matrix refers to a fine-grained material in which larger materials or objects are embedded.
  • metal matrix refers to a metal material or a material comprised substantially of a metal material and capable of having other materials embedded therein.
  • the metal matrix 52 includes a metal in combination with a non-metal.
  • the metal matrix 52 includes a material selected from the group consisting cobalt, nickel, chromium, iron, copper and combinations thereof.
  • the metal matrix composite 50 includes the ceramic material 54 dispersed in the metal matrix 52 including chromium.
  • the term “ceramic” as used herein refers to an inorganic, non-metallic material having high hardness, high temperature strength, good electro-thermal insulation, and high chemical stability. Further, the term “ceramic” as used herein refers to a crystalline ceramic material or an amorphous ceramic material.
  • the ceramic material 54 includes a metal in combination with a non-metal. In one embodiment, the ceramic material 54 includes an oxide, a nitride, a boride, a carbide, a silicide, a silica, or a sulfide.
  • the ceramic material 54 includes a material selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, aluminum silicate, zirconium oxide, mica, glass and combinations thereof. In an embodiment, the ceramic material 54 includes tungsten carbide (WC) dispersed in the metal matrix 52 .
  • WC tungsten carbide
  • additive manufacturing techniques generally allow for construction of custom parts having complex geometries, curvatures, and features, such as at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 discussed herein. Accordingly, additive manufacturing may be used to construct portions of the submersible pump having a variety of shapes and features, such as the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 .
  • Additive manufacturing may be particularly useful in the construction of at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 for the electric submersible pump, as the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 may be constructed as a monolithic structure from high-strength materials that may be difficult to machine or tool using traditional methods.
  • additive manufacturing techniques provide the capability to construct complex solid objects from computer models, without difficult machining steps.
  • additive manufacturing techniques involve applying a source of heat, such as a laser or electron beam, to deposited powder layers (e.g., layer after layer) in order to grow a part having a particular shape.
  • the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 are fabricated using an additive manufacturing process.
  • an additive manufacturing process known as direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) or direct metal laser melting (DMLM) is used to manufacture the monolithic components.
  • DMLS direct metal laser sintering
  • DMLM direct metal laser melting
  • the additive manufacturing method is not limited to the DMLS or DMLM process, but may be any known additive manufacturing process.
  • This fabrication process eliminates joints that would typically be defined within the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 , thus making them susceptible to contaminants.
  • DMLS is an additive layer process that produces a component directly from a CAD model using a laser and a fine metal/composite powder.
  • the CAD model is sliced into thin layers, and the layers are then reconstructed layer by layer, such that adjacent layers are laser fused together.
  • the layer thickness is generally chosen based on a consideration of accuracy vs. speed of manufacture.
  • a steel plate is typically fixed inside the DMLS machine to serve as both a support and a heat sink.
  • a dispenser delivers the powder to the support plate and a coater arm or blade spreads the powder on the plate.
  • the machine software controls the laser beam focus and movement so that wherever the laser beam strikes the powder, the powder forms into a solid.
  • the process is repeated layer by layer until the fabrication of the component, and in this particular instance, the at least one impeller 34 or the at least one diffuser 36 is completed.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method 60 for constructing the at least one impeller 34 and the at least one diffuser 36 using additive manufacturing techniques.
  • the method 60 may be performed by an additive manufacturing system, with the acts described herein being performed by a computer.
  • the method 60 includes defining a particular configuration (block 62 ).
  • the configuration may be programmed into an additive manufacturing system by using a specialized or general purpose computer, for example.
  • the model may be for constructing the at least one impeller 34 or the at least one diffuser 36 , wherein each component has a complex shape.
  • the defined configuration may include any of the shapes and features described above.
  • a powder e.g., a metal, ceramic, or composite powder
  • a chamber such as a vacuum chamber. Any of a variety of materials may be used in any suitable combination, including those described in detail above.
  • an energy source such as a laser or electron beam, for example, is applied to the deposited metal powder.
  • the laser or electron beam melts or otherwise consolidates the powder into a layer having a cross-sectional shape 68 corresponding to the configuration defined in step 62 .
  • a computer or operator may determine whether the part is incomplete or complete, in step 708 .
  • steps 64 and 66 are repeated to produce layers of consolidated powder having cross-sectional shapes 68 corresponding to the defined confirmation or model until construction of the part is complete.
  • the energy source is applied to melt or otherwise consolidate each newly deposited powder layer until the final product is complete and the at least one impeller 34 and/or the at least one diffuser 36 having the defined configuration is produced.
  • a novel electric submersible pump system and more particularly, a novel electric submersible pump configured to provide improved contaminant tolerance and resulting increase in life span of the pump and pump components.
  • a novel electric submersible pump configured to provide improved contaminant tolerance and resulting increase in life span of the pump and pump components.
  • the lifespan made possible through the use of components manufactured by additive manufacturing techniques and configured as monolithic structures comprised of a metal matrix composite, as disclosed herein, is much longer and not limited by thickness of coating.
  • the resulting system and pump minimize, if not eliminate, the effects of erosion, abrasion, and corrosion on component parts.
  • the electric motor 22 is configured to operate a pump 20 in a borehole, or wellbore 12 , as indicated in FIG. 1 .
  • the electric motor 22 is configured to operate an electric submersible pump 20 including the impeller 34 and the diffuser 36 , as indicated in FIGS. 3-5 .
  • at least one of the impeller 34 and the diffuser 36 is configured as a monolithic structure, or component, comprised of the metal matrix composite 50 to allow long term operation of the at least one of the impeller 34 and the diffuser 36 in the presence of contaminants, such as sand, in the wellbore 12 .
  • an ESP system 10 is provided. Referring to FIG. 1 , in one embodiment, the ESP system 10 is configured to be installed in a wellbore 12 . In one embodiment, the ESP system 10 is configured to be installed in a geological formation 14 , such as an oilfield. In some embodiments, the ESP system 10 may be capable of pumping production fluids from a wellbore 12 or an oilfield. The production fluids may include hydrocarbons (oil) and water, for example.
  • the ESP system 10 is installed in a geological formation 14 , such as an oilfield, by drilling a hole or a wellbore 12 in a geological formation 14 , for example an oilfield.
  • the wellbore 12 maybe vertical, and may be drilled in various directions, for example, upward or horizontal.
  • the wellbore 12 is cased with a metal tubular structure referred to as the casing 16 .
  • cementing between the casing 16 and the wellbore 12 may also be provided.
  • the casing 16 may be perforated to connect the geological formation 14 outside of the casing 16 to the inside of the casing 16 .
  • an artificial lift device such as the ESP system 10 of the present disclosure may be provided to drive downhole well fluids to the surface.
  • the ESP system 10 according to some disclosed embodiments is used in oil production to provide an artificial lift to the oil to be pumped.
  • An ESP system 10 may include surface components, for example, an oil platform (not shown) and sub-surface components (found in the wellbore).
  • the ESP system 10 further includes surface components such as motor controller surface cables and transformers (not shown).
  • the sub-surface components may include pumps, motor, seals, or cables.
  • an ESP system 10 includes sub-surface components such as the electric submersible pump 20 and the electric motor 22 configured to operate the pump 20 .
  • the electric motor 22 is a submersible two-pole, squirrel cage, induction electric motor.
  • the electric motor 22 is a permanent magnet motor.
  • the motor size may be designed to lift the desired volume of production fluids.
  • the pump 22 is a multi-stage unit with the number of stages being determined by the operating requirements.
  • each stage of the electric submersible pump 20 includes a driven impeller 34 and a diffuser 36 which directs flow to the next stage of the electric submersible pump 20 .
  • the electric submersible pump 20 includes a first pump stage and a second pump stage.
  • the electric motor 20 is further coupled to an electrical power cable 24 .
  • the electrical power cable 24 is coupled to the electric motor 22 by an electrical connector.
  • the electrical power cable 24 provides the power needed to power the electric motor 22 and may have different configurations and sizes depending on the application.
  • the electrical power cable 24 is designed to withstand the high-temperature wellbore environment.
  • the electric submersible pump 20 includes a housing 40 , the impeller 34 and the diffuser 36 , the impeller 34 and the diffuser 36 are disposed within the housing 40 , as indicated in FIG. 3 .
  • the housing 40 , the impeller 34 and the diffuser 36 define the internal volume 42 within the housing 40 , said internal volume 42 containing the fluid 44 , as indicated in FIG. 3 .
  • the impeller 34 and the diffuser 36 are configured as monolithic structures manufactured utilizing additive manufacturing techniques and comprised of the metal matrix composite 50 , thus enabling operation in the presence of damaging contaminants, where the system 10 is exposed to these types of conditions.
  • the metal matrix composite 50 advantageously allows for the electric submersible pump 20 , and more particularly the impeller 34 and the diffuser 36 to continuously operate in environments in which contaminants are present.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US14/013,494 2013-08-29 2013-08-29 Electrical submersible pump and pump system including additively manufactured structures and method of manufacture Abandoned US20150060042A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/013,494 US20150060042A1 (en) 2013-08-29 2013-08-29 Electrical submersible pump and pump system including additively manufactured structures and method of manufacture
PCT/US2014/050660 WO2015031038A1 (en) 2013-08-29 2014-08-12 Electrical submersible pump and pump system including additively manufactured structures and method of manufacture
CA2921752A CA2921752C (en) 2013-08-29 2014-08-12 Electrical submersible pump and pump system including additively manufactured structures and method of manufacture
EP14799063.4A EP3039297B1 (en) 2013-08-29 2014-08-12 Electrical submersible pump and pump system including additively manufactured structures and method of manufacture
DK14799063.4T DK3039297T3 (en) 2013-08-29 2014-08-12 ELECTRIC UNDERWATER PUMP AND PUMP SYSTEM INCLUDING ADDITIONALLY MANUFACTURED STRUCTURES AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING
NO15705427A NO3099688T3 (no) 2013-08-29 2015-01-30

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US10661341B2 (en) 2016-11-07 2020-05-26 Velo3D, Inc. Gas flow in three-dimensional printing
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US11511372B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2022-11-29 Fluid Handling Llc Technique to improve the performance of a pump with a trimmed impeller using additive manufacturing
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US11407034B2 (en) 2017-07-06 2022-08-09 OmniTek Technology Ltda. Selective laser melting system and method of using same
US10272525B1 (en) 2017-12-27 2019-04-30 Velo3D, Inc. Three-dimensional printing systems and methods of their use
US10144176B1 (en) 2018-01-15 2018-12-04 Velo3D, Inc. Three-dimensional printing systems and methods of their use
US11999110B2 (en) 2019-07-26 2024-06-04 Velo3D, Inc. Quality assurance in formation of three-dimensional objects
US11939070B2 (en) 2020-02-21 2024-03-26 General Electric Company Engine-mounting links that have an adjustable inclination angle
US11970279B2 (en) 2020-02-21 2024-04-30 General Electric Company Control system and methods of controlling an engine-mounting link system
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CA2921752A1 (en) 2015-03-05
NO3099688T3 (no) 2018-03-17
WO2015031038A1 (en) 2015-03-05
DK3039297T3 (en) 2018-01-15
EP3039297B1 (en) 2017-10-11
CA2921752C (en) 2021-03-09
EP3039297A1 (en) 2016-07-06

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