US20150007779A1 - Spiral finned coil condensing heat exchanger - Google Patents

Spiral finned coil condensing heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150007779A1
US20150007779A1 US14/494,819 US201414494819A US2015007779A1 US 20150007779 A1 US20150007779 A1 US 20150007779A1 US 201414494819 A US201414494819 A US 201414494819A US 2015007779 A1 US2015007779 A1 US 2015007779A1
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Prior art keywords
flue
helical fin
heat exchanger
tube coils
burner
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Abandoned
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US14/494,819
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English (en)
Inventor
Shuqing Cui
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Suzhou CQ Heat Exchanger Co Ltd
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Suzhou CQ Heat Exchanger Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of US20150007779A1 publication Critical patent/US20150007779A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/186—Water-storage heaters using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F24H1/43—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes helically or spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
    • F24H1/445—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 with integrated flue gas condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0084—Combustion air preheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/022—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of two or more media in heat-exchange relationship being helically coiled, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/34—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely
    • F28F1/36—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely the means being helically wound fins or wire spirals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to equipment in the heating industry field. More particularly, the invention is related to a forced convection helical fin tube condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat.
  • the high efficient condensing boiler was developed in Europe.
  • the outstanding feature of the boiler is that the efficiency is 10% higher than the conventional boiler.
  • Abundant water vapor in the flue is condensed and releases the latent heat of vaporization because the flue temperature can be decreased to below the dew point. This has the effect of energy saving.
  • the condensing heat exchanger is developed and designed based on the principle of the condensing boiler.
  • the available heat from the combustion flue gas includes two parts: one is the sensible heat (e.g., the sensed heat) in the flue; the other part is the latent heat of water vapor in the flue.
  • the conventional boiler has very high flue temperature because of the limitation of the structure. Therefore only sensible heat can be utilized.
  • condensing boiler can not only use sensible heat in the flue but also the latent heat because of the low flue temperature. In this way, the efficiency of the condensing boiler can be greatly increased.
  • a two-stage heat exchanger is employed normally.
  • the high temperature flue enters the main heat exchanger and then condensing heat exchanger in sequence; the water flows in an opposite direction, the water enters the condensing heat exchanger first, and then enters the main heat exchanger.
  • the water absorbs the sensible heat from the combustion flue gas after absorbing the waste heat of the high temperature flue in the condensing heat exchanger.
  • the flue temperature decreases to a very low temperature after the sensible and latent heat in the heat exchangers has been absorbed by the water.
  • the forced convection method is applied.
  • the forced convection makes the boiler water absorbs the sensible and latent heat as much as possible. Therefore, the condensing heat exchanger utilizes the energy in the flue which was lost.
  • the effect of the condensing heat exchanger depends on how much the waste energy is used.
  • the flue gas is normally in an overheated state before entering the condensing heat exchanger. It becomes saturation gradually as the flue temperature decreases and water vapor condenses. According to the test result, the flue at the condensing heat exchanger outlet is close to saturation status when the flue temperature is around 50° C. How close to the saturation status depends on the composition of the flue, the structure of the heat exchanger and heat transfer process. The testing result shows there are still some dead zones or short-circuit in the flue path. It decreases the heat exchanging efficiency.
  • the heat exchanger of the conventional (non-condensing) boiler is made by carbon steel or cast iron.
  • the flue temperature is higher than 150° C. normally.
  • the heat exchanger is not designed to absorb the sensible and latent heat when the water vapor condensing, and there is no condensate.
  • the condensing boiler is high efficient boiler with the features of energy saving and environmental protection. It is the future of the boiler industry and has been widely used. The life the condensing boiler will be shortened significantly if the carbon steel or cast iron is used because the boiler generates a lot of acid condensing water. So the material of the condensing heat exchanger should be stainless steel or cast aluminum. At present, most condensing heat exchangers are made with stainless steel tube or cast aluminum.
  • the efficiency can be around 96% maximally by using stainless steel or cast aluminum.
  • the air pre-heater is applied in the large boiler in power stations normally. There is no such application in the heating boiler.
  • the conventional heat exchangers are designed according to the requirements from the different customers and the sizes of the heat exchangers are varied very much according to these requirements. Because there are a lot of components involved in the manufacture of heat exchangers, manufacturing many sizes of heat exchangers is not good practice for mass production.
  • the technical problems that need to be solved include: dead zones of flue flow and insufficient heat exchanging because of the poor heat exchanger structure design; increase the flue side heat transfer surface and efficiency by improving the heat transfer structure; to make the size smaller under the same heat transfer output; to integrate an air pre-heater into the heat exchanger to get the opportunity of third heat exchanging; and increase the temperature of the inlet air and decrease the flue temperature further.
  • a forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger including: heat exchanger housing, the burner, and bundle of helical fin-tube coils inside the housing, water inlet, water outlet, and flue gas outlet on the housing.
  • Burner is connected to the air fuel mixer unit. The burner is located in the upper portion of the heat exchanger housing.
  • a bundle of helical fin-tube coils are installed around the burner tightly and coaxially. Below the burner, the cylindrical flue channel formed by another bundle of helical fin-tube coils. The flue gas flows along the flue channel to flue outlet.
  • the water inlet is connected to the bundle coils which forms flue channel below the burner.
  • connection may include various fasteners. In some examples, this connection may be operable to convey thermal energy across the connection.
  • the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat in this invention.
  • the adjacent part are bent or squeezing in a certain angle.
  • the formed surfaces by the bent fins are parallel or in a certain angle.
  • the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat in this invention As one optimized option, the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat in this invention.
  • the bundle of helical fin-tube coils are both consisted with a numbers of helical fin-tube coils assembled together with the other coils in the opposite orientation.
  • the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat in this invention.
  • the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat in this invention.
  • the appearance of flue baffle is helically, and the cross section is “V” type with radian, fitting with fins of the fin-tube coils.
  • the outside interfaces of the fin-tube coils in helical are staggered with the openings between the flue baffles.
  • an inner flue baffle is installed inside the cylindrical flue channel that is formed by a bundle of helical fin-tube coils.
  • the inner flue baffle is cylindrical in shape with multiple holes and slots on it.
  • the inside interfaces of the fin-tube coils in helical are staggered with the openings between the flue baffles.
  • the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat in this invention.
  • the air pre-heater is located inside and along the flue channel, and connected with air inlet.
  • the flue exhaust is a 4-way connector, the flue exhaust on the top, the condensate outlet at the bottom and the air inlet in the middle.
  • the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat in this invention.
  • the air pre-heater inside the flue channel is one or several cuboids or cylinder air inlet tube.
  • the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat in this invention.
  • the burner is installed in the lower portion of the heat exchanger housing.
  • a bundle of helical fin-tube coils are mounted closely next to each other and around the burner.
  • a flue channel is formed by a bundle of helical fin-tube coils. Flue gas vents from the flue channel to flue outlet.
  • the water inlet is connected to the bundle of helical fin-tube coils which form the flue channel below the burner. This bundle of helical fin-tube coils are connected to another bundle coils around the burner, then connected to the water outlet.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view and the operation view of the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is the right side sectional of the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat with one air pre-heater according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is the right side sectional of the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat with the air pre-heater in the upper portion of the heat exchanger according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a bundle of helical fin-tube coils according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of the bundle of helical fin-tube coils according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 8 is the cross-sectional view A-A of the bundle of helical fin-tube coils according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 9 is a detailed view of FIG. 8 of the bundle of helical fin-tube coils according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 10 is an operation view of the flue gas flow through the outside flue baffle according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 11 is an operation view of the flue gas flow through the inner flow guiding baffle according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 12 is a right side cross-sectional of the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat with two air pre-heaters according to FIG. 1 .
  • the heat exchanger has a counter flow design with two-stage heat exchanger.
  • the burner is on the top and the flue outlet on the bottom.
  • the combustion flue gas flows through the group of fin tubes around the burner and flue baffles located outside these tubes first, then it flows through the serpentine bent fin tubes above the flue channel and the flue baffles under these tubes. Thereafter, the flue gas flows out from the flue outlet along the flue channel and counter flow with inlet air.
  • the water inlet is close to the flue outlet at the bottom, and the water outlet is on the top of the heat exchanger.
  • the water flows through inlet, fin tubes, and the cavities connected to the upper and lower fin tube bundles at both ends, such as front and rear water manifolds, and then out from the outlet.
  • the boiler water supply temperature is higher than exhaust flue temperature by applying this type of count flow structure. In this way, the heat transfer efficiency and the amount of available heat are both able to be increased.
  • the helical fin-tube coils with the bent fins, fabricated in an additional process are able to increase the heat exchange efficiency significantly in embodiments of this invention.
  • the fin-tube is as the basic element in the forced convection condensing heat exchanger.
  • the heat transfer surface at flue side is increased by adding the fins on the external of the heat exchanger tube.
  • the enhanced heat transfer at flue side increases the heat exchange efficiency, and makes the whole heat exchanger smaller.
  • the additional manufacturing process on the fins for example bending, squeezing or cutting, the distance between tubes could be made smaller. Therefore, this makes flue gas have more contact with tubes, adds gas flue turbulences, increase heat transfer and heat exchanger efficiency, which in turn makes heat exchanger smaller.
  • flue baffles outside the circular fin-tubes bundle around the burner and flue baffles inside the fin-tubes bundle formed the cylindrical flue channel. It is good to eliminate the “dead zone” on the flue path and improve the flue distribution on the shell side.
  • the flue baffles force the flue gas flow along the fins and cross bare tubes very closely, therefore it enhance the heat transfer, and improve flue flow distribution at the shell side.
  • the “dead zone” and “short circuit” at the flue flow path is decreased markedly.
  • the air pre-heater in embodiments of this invention. It can also increase the efficiency.
  • the air pre-heater is integrated inside the flue channel of the heat exchanger. When the outdoor temperature is below ⁇ 20° C. in the winter, the waste heat in the flue warms the coming air. Meanwhile, it decreases the exhaust flue temperature further, and the efficiency of the boiler could reach 96% ⁇ 98% or more.
  • a heat exchanger 20 has the following major components: Upper water manifold 1 ; Front shell 2 ; Heat exchanger housing 3 ; A bundle of helical fin-tube coils 4 ; Outer flue baffle 5 ; Burner 6 ; Inner flue baffle 7 ; A plurality of complex helical fin-tube coils 8 ; Lower water manifold 9 ; Rear shell 10 ; Air pre-heater 11 ; Flue gas outlet 12 ; Water outlet 13 ; Water inlet 14 ; Cylindrical flue channel 15 ; Condensate exit 16 ; and Air inlet 17 .
  • the invention describes an embodiment of the forced convection helical and helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger 20 .
  • the forced convection helical and helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger 20 includes the heat exchanger housing 3 , burner 6 , a bundle of helical fin-tube coils 4 , and the group of complex helical fin-tube coils 8 .
  • On both sides of the heat exchanger housing 3 there are upper water manifold 1 and lower water manifold pipes 9 . On one side, the upper water manifold 1 is connected to the lower water manifold 9 .
  • the lower water manifold has the water inlet 14 and the upper water manifold 1 has the water outlet 13 .
  • Multiple helical fin-tube coils are compact together with each other in opposite orientation.
  • the bundle of helical fin-tube coils 4 are mounted around the burner 6 .
  • Below the burner 6 is the flue channel 15 which formed by the heat exchanger housing 3 and a group of complex helical fin-tube coils 8 .
  • front shell 2 and rear shell 10 On the two sides of the sidewall of the housing, there are front shell 2 and rear shell 10 .
  • the front shell 2 and the rear shell 1 are welded to the sidewall of the housing.
  • the front shell 2 and the rear shell 1 are all made of insulation material.
  • the heat exchanger housing 3 has water outlet 13 and water inlet 14 .
  • the heat exchanger housing 3 also has flue gas outlet 12 .
  • the flue gas outlet fitting 12 is a cross.
  • the top opening is flue gas outlet 12 .
  • the bottom opening is condensate exit 16 .
  • the middle opening is air inlet 17 for the air pre-heater 11 .
  • the helical and helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger 20 consists of the housing 3 , the burner 6 in the housing 3 and the bundle of complex helical and helical fin-tube coils, water inlet 14 , water outlet 13 , and flue gas outlet 12 on the housing 3 .
  • the burner 6 is on the upper portion of the heat exchanger housing 3 , and it is connected to the air & fuel mixing unit. Disposed around the burner is the helical fin-tube coils bundle 4 .
  • the outer flue baffles 5 are mounted outside of the helical fin-tube coils bundle 4 .
  • This flue baffle 5 has helical and “V” type with radian in cross section.
  • the interface between the helical fin-tube coils are staggered with the gaps of the outer flue baffles 5 .
  • the group of complex helical fin-tube coils 8 forms the flue channel 15 with the exchanger housing 3 .
  • the flue vents through the flue channel 15 to the gas outlet 12 on the heat exchanger 20 .
  • the air pre-heater 11 which includes one or more square or circular air ducts is located in the flue channel 15 .
  • the air pre-heater 11 may include the fresh air inlet pipe.
  • the water inlet 14 is connected to the group of complex helical fin-tube coils 8 below the burner 6 .
  • This bundle of complex coils 8 is soldered, brazed, welded or otherwise connected to the bundle of coils around the burner 6 , then connect to the water outlet 13 .
  • the connection may include various fasteners. In some examples, this connection may be operable to convey thermal energy across the connection.
  • the inner flue baffle 7 is installed inside the flue channel 15 which formed by a group of complex helical fin-tube coils and exchanger housing.
  • This inner flue baffle 7 has strip and “V” type with radian in cross section.
  • the inner flue baffles 7 are mounted inside of the helical fin-tube coils bundle 7 .
  • the inside interfaces of the fin-tube coils in serpentine bend are staggered with the opening on the inner flue baffle 7 .
  • the air pre-heater 11 is located inside and along the flue channel 15 and connects to the air inlet device.
  • the flue gas outlet fitting 12 is 4-way connector, the flue exhaust 12 on the top, the condensate outlet 16 at the bottom and the fresh air inlet 17 in the middle.
  • the forced convection helical and helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger 20 for supplying heat with the air pre-heater 11 .
  • the bundle of helical fin-tube coils 4 is above the number of complex helical fin-tube coils 8 , and parallel with each other.
  • the burner 6 is located in the upper bundle of helical fin-tube coils 4 and concentric to the coil group 4 . Below the burner is the flue channel 15 which forms by a group of complex helical fin-tube coils 8 and exchanger housing.
  • two stage heat exchanging method is applied, and used an overall counter flow structure.
  • the high temperature flue flows downstream through the helical fin-tube coils bundle 4 and the helical fin-tube coils bundle 8 .
  • the water flow is opposite to the direction of the flue. It goes through the helical fin-tube coils bundle 8 firstly, and then the helical fin-tube coils bundle 4 .
  • the air pre-heater 11 is located in the flue channel 15 . The air gains the heat from the flue further. Therefore, the temperature of the air, which enters the combustion chamber, is increased; and at the same time, the flue temperature can be further reduced.
  • the water inlet 14 , lower bundle of complex helical fin-tube coils 8 , upper water manifold 1 , upper bundle of complex helical fin-tube coil 4 , upper water manifold 9 , and water outlet 13 form the water flow path.
  • FIG. 5 it demonstrates the right side structure cross sectional of one case in this invention, the forced convection helical and helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger 20 for supplying heat with an air pre-heater in the upper bundle of helical fin-tube coils.
  • the burner 6 is located in the lower portion of the heat exchanger housing 3 .
  • a bundle of complex helical fin-tube coils 4 are installed around and concentric to the burner 6 .
  • Above the burner 6 is a group of helical fin-tube coils 8 that forms the flue channel 15 with exchanger housing 3 . Flue gas vents through the flue channel 15 to the flue gas outlet 12 on the housing.
  • the water inlet 14 is connected to the upper group of coils 8 .
  • the upper group of coils 8 are soldered, brazed, welded or otherwise connected to another bundle of coils 4 around the burner 6 , then connected to the water outlet 13 .
  • the connection may include various fasteners. In some examples, this connection may be operable to convey thermal energy across the connection.
  • the heat exchanger 20 is also in a counter flow arrangement, and the high temperature flue flows downstream through the first stage sensible heat transfer and the second stage latent heat transfer.
  • the water flow is opposite to the direction of the flue. It goes through the second stage latent heat transfer firstly, and then the first stage sensible heat transfer.
  • the water enters the secondary condensing heat exchanger 20 to absorb flue waste heat, and then enters the first stage to absorb high temperature sensible heat.
  • the air pre-heater 11 located in flue channel 15 makes third heat transfer. The air gains the heat from the flue further. Therefore, the temperature of the air, which enters the combustion chamber, is increased; and at the same time, the flue temperature can be further reduced.
  • the bundle of helical fin-tube coils 4 formed by a group of sub coils that are compacted together.
  • the sub-coils are arranged in such a fashion that the other sub-coil is in the opposite orientation.
  • the fins on the coils are pressed or bent. At the location the adjacent turns touch each other.
  • the fins tips can be cut off and fins made short. Either ways, the two surfaces formed by bending or cutting the fins on opposite side of the finned tubes, are in parallel or in certain angle. The purpose is to make the coil more compact.
  • FIG. 10 show an operation principle of the outer flue baffle.
  • the outer flue baffles 5 are mounted outside of the helical fin-tube coils bundle 4 .
  • This flue baffle 5 has helical and “V” type with radian in cross section.
  • the interface between the helical fin-tube coils are staggered with the holes and slots of the outer flue baffles 5 .
  • FIG. 11 show an operation principle of the inner flue baffle.
  • the bundle of helical fin-tube coils 8 are assembled together tightly, and form the flue channel 15 .
  • the fins on the fin-tube coils are also processed by bending the fins inward to a predetermined angle or the fin tips are pressed inward. In some embodiments, the fins can be cut short for the same purpose.
  • a cylindrical flue baffle 7 may be installed inside flue channel.
  • the flow guiding baffle is in touch with the inside surface of the coil.
  • the openings on the flow guiding baffle are not aligned with the spiral line where adjacent turns of the coil group 8 touch each other.
  • FIG. 12 shows a condensing heat exchanger design of the current invention with two air pre-heaters 11 .
  • the flue channel there are two square ducts which are air pre-heaters 11 .
  • the purpose of this invention is to increase the heat transfer area and improve the structure of the heat transfer surface, therefore to increase heat exchange efficiency.
  • the heat exchanger uses the helical fin-tube coils as the basic element of the forced convection helical fin-tube coils condensing heat exchanger for supplying heat. It enhances the heat exchange on the flue side and makes the whole heat exchanger smaller.
  • the flow of the flue is guided very close to the fins and tubes with the application of the outer flue baffles 5 and the inner flue baffle 7 . They improve shell side flue passes and velocity distribution, therefore enhance heat exchange.
  • the “dead zone” and “short circuit” of the flue flow can be reduced very much.
  • the air pre-heater 10 is integrated into the heat exchanger very clever. The wasted heat of the flue could warm the entered cold air, and at the same time the flue is cold down further. When the outdoor temperature is below ⁇ 20° C. in winter, the efficiency could reach 96% ⁇ 98% or more.
  • Some key components are designed to be the same to minimize the number of parts in this invention. This will help the mass production, improve the manufacturing process and save the cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US14/494,819 2012-09-21 2014-09-24 Spiral finned coil condensing heat exchanger Abandoned US20150007779A1 (en)

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CN106032936A (zh) * 2015-03-19 2016-10-19 大连新源热力技术有限公司 冷凝式铸铁模块锅炉
WO2017099887A1 (en) 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 Lochinvar, Llc Heat exchanger with dual concentric tube rings
US20180031274A1 (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-01 Johnson Controls Technology Company Enhanced heat transfer surfaces for heat exchangers
CN110285694A (zh) * 2019-06-19 2019-09-27 武汉方特工业设备技术有限公司 盘管式通道换热器
CN110631260A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2019-12-31 西安交通大学 一种圆柱形缝隙式全预混水冷燃烧头
WO2021026397A1 (en) * 2019-08-07 2021-02-11 A. O. Smith Corporation High efficiency tankless water heater
US10928058B2 (en) * 2018-02-08 2021-02-23 Vytis, Ltd. Flash boiler
US20210333013A1 (en) * 2020-04-28 2021-10-28 A.O. Smith (China) Water Heater Co., Ltd. Heat exchange pipe, heat exchanger and water heating apparatus

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CN105091628B (zh) * 2015-08-04 2017-03-22 山东省农业科学院 一种热交换器、土壤换热器及地源热泵空调系统
CN112629270B (zh) * 2020-08-28 2023-05-02 广西鱼峰水泥股份有限公司 一种低温余热发电aqc锅炉
CN113237077B (zh) * 2021-04-09 2022-04-19 代少东 一种冷凝换热器结构
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CN106032936A (zh) * 2015-03-19 2016-10-19 大连新源热力技术有限公司 冷凝式铸铁模块锅炉
US10458677B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2019-10-29 Lochinvar, Llc Heat exchanger with dual concentric tube rings
WO2017099887A1 (en) 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 Lochinvar, Llc Heat exchanger with dual concentric tube rings
EP3387356A4 (en) * 2015-12-11 2019-07-24 Lochinvar, LLC HEAT EXCHANGER HAVING A DOUBLE RING OF CONCENTRIC TUBES
US11022340B2 (en) * 2016-08-01 2021-06-01 Johnson Controls Technology Company Enhanced heat transfer surfaces for heat exchangers
US20180031274A1 (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-01 Johnson Controls Technology Company Enhanced heat transfer surfaces for heat exchangers
US10928058B2 (en) * 2018-02-08 2021-02-23 Vytis, Ltd. Flash boiler
CN110285694A (zh) * 2019-06-19 2019-09-27 武汉方特工业设备技术有限公司 盘管式通道换热器
WO2021026397A1 (en) * 2019-08-07 2021-02-11 A. O. Smith Corporation High efficiency tankless water heater
US11852377B2 (en) 2019-08-07 2023-12-26 A.O. Smith Corporation High efficiency tankless water heater
CN110631260A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2019-12-31 西安交通大学 一种圆柱形缝隙式全预混水冷燃烧头
US20210333013A1 (en) * 2020-04-28 2021-10-28 A.O. Smith (China) Water Heater Co., Ltd. Heat exchange pipe, heat exchanger and water heating apparatus
US11867428B2 (en) * 2020-04-28 2024-01-09 A.O. Smith Corporation Heat exchange pipe, heat exchanger and water heating apparatus

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