US20140371024A1 - Multi-speed transmission - Google Patents
Multi-speed transmission Download PDFInfo
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- US20140371024A1 US20140371024A1 US13/917,026 US201313917026A US2014371024A1 US 20140371024 A1 US20140371024 A1 US 20140371024A1 US 201313917026 A US201313917026 A US 201313917026A US 2014371024 A1 US2014371024 A1 US 2014371024A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
- F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
- F16H3/663—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another with conveying rotary motion between axially spaced orbital gears, e.g. RAVIGNEAUX
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
- F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H2003/442—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion comprising two or more sets of orbital gears arranged in a single plane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
- F16H2200/006—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising eight forward speeds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
- F16H2200/0069—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising ten forward speeds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
- F16H2200/2012—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with four sets of orbital gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
- F16H2200/2046—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with six engaging means
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to the field of automatic transmissions for motor vehicles. More particularly, the disclosure pertains to an arrangement of gears, clutches, and the interconnections among them in a power transmission.
- a transmission has a housing mounted to the vehicle structure, an input shaft driven by an engine crankshaft, and an output shaft driving the vehicle wheels, often via a differential assembly which permits the left and right wheel to rotate at slightly different speeds as the vehicle turns.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first transmission gearing arrangement.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second transmission gearing arrangement.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third transmission gearing arrangement.
- a gearing arrangement is a collection of rotating elements and shift elements configured to impose specified speed relationships among the rotating elements. Some speed relationships, called fixed speed relationships, are imposed regardless of the state of any shift elements. Other speed relationships, called selective speed relationships, are imposed only when particular shift elements are fully engaged.
- a linear speed relationship exists among an ordered list of rotating elements when i) the first and last rotating element in the group are constrained to have the most extreme speeds, ii) the speeds of the remaining rotating elements are each constrained to be a weighted average of the first and last rotating element, and iii) when the speeds of the rotating elements differ, they are constrained to be in the listed order, either increasing or decreasing.
- the speed of an element is positive when the element rotates in one direction and negative when the element rotates in the opposite direction.
- a discrete ratio transmission has a gearing arrangement that selectively imposes a variety of speed ratios between an input and an output.
- a group of rotating elements are fixedly coupled to one another if they are constrained to rotate as a unit in all operating conditions.
- Rotating elements can be fixedly coupled by spline connections, welding, press fitting, machining from a common solid, or other means. Slight variations in rotational displacement between fixedly coupled elements can occur such as displacement due to lash or shaft compliance.
- One or more rotating elements that are all fixedly coupled to one another may be called a shaft.
- two rotating elements are selectively coupled by a shift element when the shift element constrains them to rotate as a unit whenever it is fully engaged and they are free to rotate at distinct speeds in at least some other operating condition.
- a shift element that holds a rotating element against rotation by selectively connecting it to the housing is called a brake.
- Shift elements may be actively controlled devices such as hydraulically or electrically actuated clutches or brakes or may be passive devices such as one way clutches or brakes. Two rotating elements are coupled if they are either fixedly coupled or selectively coupled.
- FIG. 1 depicts a transaxle that provides a variety of speed ratios between input 10 and output 12 .
- Input 10 may be driven by an internal combustion engine or other prime mover.
- a launch device such as torque converter or launch clutch may be employed between the prime mover and transaxle input 10 permitting the engine to idle while the vehicle is stationary and a transaxle ratio is selected.
- Output 12 may be a gear that transmits power to a differential axis through an additional gear mesh.
- the transaxle of FIG. 1 utilizes four simple planetary gear sets 20 , 30 , 40 , and 50 .
- a planet carrier 22 rotates about the input shaft axis and supports a set of planet gears 24 such that the planet gears rotate with respect to the planet carrier.
- External gear teeth on the planet gears mesh with external gear teeth on a sun gear 26 and with internal gear teeth on a ring gear 28 .
- the sun gear and ring gear are supported to rotate about the same axis as the carrier.
- Gear sets 30 , 40 , and 50 are similarly structured.
- the planet carriers, sun gears, and ring gears of gear sets 40 and 50 rotate about a second axis.
- a simple planetary gear set is a type of gearing arrangement that imposes a fixed linear speed relationship among the sun gear, the planet carrier, and the ring gear.
- Other known types of gearing arrangements also impose a fixed linear speed relationship among three rotating elements.
- a double pinion planetary gear set imposes a fixed linear speed relationship between the sun gear, the ring gear, and the planet carrier.
- the transmission of FIG. 1 also utilizes two pairs of axis transfer gears.
- Gear 60 rotates about the input axis and meshes with gear 62 which rotates about the second axis.
- gear 64 rotates about the input axis and meshes with gear 66 which rotates about the second axis.
- Meshing axis transfer gears rotate in opposite directions about their respective axes at a fixed speed ratio that is dictated by the relative number of gear teeth.
- Other types of gearing arrangements impose a fixed speed ratio between elements that rotate about different axis. For example, sprockets engaging a common chain impose a fixed speed ratio although the sprockets rotate in the same direction as one another.
- Sun gear 26 is fixedly coupled to sun gear 36 .
- Ring gear 28 , carrier 32 , and axis transfer gear 60 are mutually fixedly coupled.
- Carrier 42 , ring gear 58 , and axis transfer gear 66 are mutually fixedly coupled.
- Ring gear 48 , carrier 52 , and output 12 are mutually fixedly coupled.
- Sun gear 56 is selectively held against rotation by brake 70 .
- Input 10 is selectively coupled to axis transfer gear 64 by clutch 72 and selectively coupled to ring gear 38 by clutch 76 .
- the combination of sun gear 26 and sun gear 36 is selectively coupled to input 10 by clutch 74 and selectively held against rotation by brake 78 .
- Carrier 22 is selectively held against rotation by brake 80 .
- Optional one-way-brake 82 passively precludes carrier 22 from rotating in a negative direction while permitting rotation in the positive direction.
- gear sets 40 and 50 impose a linear speed relationship among sun gear 46 , the combination of carrier 42 and ring gear 58 , the combination of ring 48 and carrier 52 , and sun gear 56 .
- the combination of gear set 50 and brake 70 selectively constrain ring gear 58 to rotate faster than carrier 52 and in the same direction whenever brake 70 is engaged.
- the combination of gear 64 , gear 66 , and clutch 72 selectively imposes a fixed speed ratio between input 10 and gear 66 .
- the combination of gear sets 20 and 30 , clutches 74 and 76 , and brakes 78 and 80 selectively impose a plurality of speed ratios between ring gear 28 and input 10 .
- engaging clutch 74 and brake 80 constrains ring gear 28 to rotate in the opposite direction of input shaft 10 at a fixed speed ratio.
- Engaging brakes 78 and 80 holds ring gear 28 against rotation making the speed ratio relative to input 10 equal to zero.
- Engaging clutch 76 in combination with either brake 78 or brake 80 constrains ring gear 28 to rotate slower than input shaft 10 and in the same direction.
- Engaging clutches 74 and 76 constrains ring gear 28 to rotate in unison with input 10 making the speed ratio equal to one.
- a second example transaxle is illustrated in FIG. 2 .
- the sun gears, carriers, and ring gears of gear sets 90 and 100 rotate about the input axis while the sun gears, carriers, and ring gears of gear sets 40 and 50 rotate about a second axis.
- Ring gear 98 is fixedly coupled to sun gear 106 .
- Carrier 92 , carrier 102 , and axis transfer gear 60 ′ are mutually fixedly coupled.
- Carrier 42 , ring gear 58 , and axis transfer gear 66 are mutually fixedly coupled.
- Ring gear 48 , carrier 52 , and output 12 are mutually fixedly coupled.
- gear set 100 is located radially outside gear set 90 .
- Sun gear 56 is selectively held against rotation by brake 70 .
- Input 10 is selectively coupled to axis transfer gear 64 by clutch 72 and selectively coupled to the combination of ring gear 98 and sun gear 106 by clutch 76 ′.
- Sun gear 96 and sun gear 36 is selectively coupled to input 10 by clutch 74 ′ and selectively held against rotation by brake 78 ′.
- Ring gear 108 is selectively held against rotation by brake 80 ′.
- Optional one-way-brake 82 ′ passively precludes ring gear 108 from rotating in a negative direction while permitting rotation in the positive direction.
- a suggested ratio of gear teeth for each planetary gear set and axis transfer gear pair is listed in Table 3.
- gear sets 40 and 50 impose a linear speed relationship among sun gear 46 , the combination of carrier 42 and ring gear 58 , the combination of ring 48 and carrier 52 , and sun gear 56 .
- the combination of gear set 50 and brake 70 selectively constrain ring gear 58 to rotate faster than carrier 52 and in the same direction whenever brake 70 is engaged.
- the combination of gear 64 , gear 66 , and clutch 72 selectively imposes a fixed speed ratio between input 10 and gear 66 .
- gear sets 90 and 100 , clutches 74 ′ and 76 ′, and brakes 78 ′ and 80 ′ selectively impose a plurality of speed ratios between carrier 102 and input 10 .
- a third example transaxle is illustrated in FIG. 2 .
- the sun gears, carriers, and ring gears of gear sets 20 and 30 rotate about the input axis while the sun gears, carriers, and ring gears of gear sets 110 and 120 rotate about a second axis.
- Sun gear 26 is fixedly coupled to sun gear 36 .
- Ring gear 28 , carrier 32 , and axis transfer gear 60 are mutually fixedly coupled.
- Input 10 and axis transfer gear 64 ′ are fixedly coupled.
- Sun gear 126 , ring gear 118 , and axis transfer gear 62 ′ are mutually fixedly coupled.
- Ring gear 128 , carrier 112 , and output 12 are mutually fixedly coupled.
- Sun gear 116 is selectively held against rotation by brake 70 ′.
- Axis transfer gear 66 ′ is selectively coupled to carrier 122 by clutch 72 ′.
- Input 10 is selectively coupled to ring gear 38 by clutch 76 .
- the combination of sun gear 26 and sun gear 36 is selectively coupled to input 10 by clutch 74 and selectively held against rotation by brake 78 .
- Carrier 22 is selectively held against rotation by brake 80 .
- Optional one-way-brake 82 passively precludes carrier 22 from rotating in a negative direction while permitting rotation in the positive direction.
- a suggested ratio of gear teeth for each planetary gear set and axis transfer gear pair is listed in Table 5.
- gear sets 110 and 120 impose a linear speed relationship among the combination of ring gear 118 and sun gear 126 , carrier 122 , the combination of carrier 112 and ring gear 128 , and sun gear 116 .
- the combination of gear set 110 and brake 70 ′ selectively constrain ring gear 118 to rotate faster than carrier 112 and in the same direction whenever brake 70 ′ is engaged.
- the combination of gear set 120 and clutch 72 ′ selectively imposes a linear speed relationship among sun gear 126 , axis transfer gear 66 ′, and ring gear 128 .
- the combination of gear sets 20 and 30 , clutches 74 and 76 , and brakes 78 and 80 selectively impose a plurality of speed ratios between ring gear 28 and input 10 .
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Abstract
Description
- This disclosure relates to the field of automatic transmissions for motor vehicles. More particularly, the disclosure pertains to an arrangement of gears, clutches, and the interconnections among them in a power transmission.
- Many vehicles are used over a wide range of vehicle speeds, including both forward and reverse movement. Some types of engines, however, are capable of operating efficiently only within a narrow range of speeds. Consequently, transmissions capable of efficiently transmitting power at a variety of speed ratios are frequently employed. When the vehicle is at low speed, the transmission is usually operated at a high speed ratio such that it multiplies the engine torque for improved acceleration. At high vehicle speed, operating the transmission at a low speed ratio permits an engine speed associated with quiet, fuel efficient cruising. Typically, a transmission has a housing mounted to the vehicle structure, an input shaft driven by an engine crankshaft, and an output shaft driving the vehicle wheels, often via a differential assembly which permits the left and right wheel to rotate at slightly different speeds as the vehicle turns.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first transmission gearing arrangement. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second transmission gearing arrangement. -
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third transmission gearing arrangement. - Embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein. It is to be understood, however, that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples and other embodiments can take various and alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to scale; some features could be exaggerated or minimized to show details of particular components. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention. As those of ordinary skill in the art will understand, various features illustrated and described with reference to any one of the figures can be combined with features illustrated in one or more other figures to produce embodiments that are not explicitly illustrated or described. The combinations of features illustrated provide representative embodiments for typical applications. Various combinations and modifications of the features consistent with the teachings of this disclosure, however, could be desired for particular applications or implementations.
- A gearing arrangement is a collection of rotating elements and shift elements configured to impose specified speed relationships among the rotating elements. Some speed relationships, called fixed speed relationships, are imposed regardless of the state of any shift elements. Other speed relationships, called selective speed relationships, are imposed only when particular shift elements are fully engaged. A linear speed relationship exists among an ordered list of rotating elements when i) the first and last rotating element in the group are constrained to have the most extreme speeds, ii) the speeds of the remaining rotating elements are each constrained to be a weighted average of the first and last rotating element, and iii) when the speeds of the rotating elements differ, they are constrained to be in the listed order, either increasing or decreasing. The speed of an element is positive when the element rotates in one direction and negative when the element rotates in the opposite direction. A discrete ratio transmission has a gearing arrangement that selectively imposes a variety of speed ratios between an input and an output.
- A group of rotating elements are fixedly coupled to one another if they are constrained to rotate as a unit in all operating conditions. Rotating elements can be fixedly coupled by spline connections, welding, press fitting, machining from a common solid, or other means. Slight variations in rotational displacement between fixedly coupled elements can occur such as displacement due to lash or shaft compliance. One or more rotating elements that are all fixedly coupled to one another may be called a shaft. In contrast, two rotating elements are selectively coupled by a shift element when the shift element constrains them to rotate as a unit whenever it is fully engaged and they are free to rotate at distinct speeds in at least some other operating condition. A shift element that holds a rotating element against rotation by selectively connecting it to the housing is called a brake. A shift element that selectively couples two or more rotating elements to one another is called a clutch. Shift elements may be actively controlled devices such as hydraulically or electrically actuated clutches or brakes or may be passive devices such as one way clutches or brakes. Two rotating elements are coupled if they are either fixedly coupled or selectively coupled.
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FIG. 1 depicts a transaxle that provides a variety of speed ratios betweeninput 10 andoutput 12.Input 10 may be driven by an internal combustion engine or other prime mover. A launch device such as torque converter or launch clutch may be employed between the prime mover andtransaxle input 10 permitting the engine to idle while the vehicle is stationary and a transaxle ratio is selected.Output 12 may be a gear that transmits power to a differential axis through an additional gear mesh. - The transaxle of
FIG. 1 utilizes four simpleplanetary gear sets planet carrier 22 rotates about the input shaft axis and supports a set ofplanet gears 24 such that the planet gears rotate with respect to the planet carrier. External gear teeth on the planet gears mesh with external gear teeth on asun gear 26 and with internal gear teeth on aring gear 28. The sun gear and ring gear are supported to rotate about the same axis as the carrier.Gear sets gear sets - A simple planetary gear set is a type of gearing arrangement that imposes a fixed linear speed relationship among the sun gear, the planet carrier, and the ring gear. Other known types of gearing arrangements also impose a fixed linear speed relationship among three rotating elements. For example, a double pinion planetary gear set imposes a fixed linear speed relationship between the sun gear, the ring gear, and the planet carrier.
- The transmission of
FIG. 1 also utilizes two pairs of axis transfer gears.Gear 60 rotates about the input axis and meshes withgear 62 which rotates about the second axis. Similarly,gear 64 rotates about the input axis and meshes withgear 66 which rotates about the second axis. Meshing axis transfer gears rotate in opposite directions about their respective axes at a fixed speed ratio that is dictated by the relative number of gear teeth. Other types of gearing arrangements impose a fixed speed ratio between elements that rotate about different axis. For example, sprockets engaging a common chain impose a fixed speed ratio although the sprockets rotate in the same direction as one another. - A suggested ratio of gear teeth for each planetary gear set and axis transfer gear pair is listed in Table 1.
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TABLE 1 Ring 28/Sun 261.80 Ring 38/Sun 362.13 Ring 48/Sun 461.88 Ring 58/Sun 562.88 Gear 62/Gear 60 1.00 Gear 66/Gear 64 1.00 - Sun
gear 26 is fixedly coupled tosun gear 36.Ring gear 28,carrier 32, andaxis transfer gear 60 are mutually fixedly coupled.Carrier 42,ring gear 58, andaxis transfer gear 66 are mutually fixedly coupled.Ring gear 48,carrier 52, andoutput 12 are mutually fixedly coupled. Sungear 56 is selectively held against rotation bybrake 70.Input 10 is selectively coupled toaxis transfer gear 64 byclutch 72 and selectively coupled toring gear 38 byclutch 76. The combination ofsun gear 26 andsun gear 36 is selectively coupled to input 10 byclutch 74 and selectively held against rotation bybrake 78.Carrier 22 is selectively held against rotation bybrake 80. Optional one-way-brake 82 passively precludescarrier 22 from rotating in a negative direction while permitting rotation in the positive direction. - Various combinations of gear sets, clutches, and brakes selectively impose particular speed relationships. The combination of gear sets 40 and 50 impose a linear speed relationship among
sun gear 46, the combination ofcarrier 42 andring gear 58, the combination ofring 48 andcarrier 52, andsun gear 56. The combination of gear set 50 andbrake 70 selectively constrainring gear 58 to rotate faster thancarrier 52 and in the same direction wheneverbrake 70 is engaged. The combination ofgear 64,gear 66, and clutch 72 selectively imposes a fixed speed ratio betweeninput 10 andgear 66. The combination of gear sets 20 and 30,clutches brakes ring gear 28 andinput 10. Specifically, engagingclutch 74 andbrake 80 constrainsring gear 28 to rotate in the opposite direction ofinput shaft 10 at a fixed speed ratio. Engagingbrakes ring gear 28 against rotation making the speed ratio relative to input 10 equal to zero. Engaging clutch 76 in combination with eitherbrake 78 orbrake 80 constrainsring gear 28 to rotate slower thaninput shaft 10 and in the same direction. Engagingclutches ring gear 28 to rotate in unison withinput 10 making the speed ratio equal to one. - As shown in Table 2, engaging the shift elements in combinations of three establishes nine forward speed ratios and one reverse speed ratio between
input 10 andoutput 12. An X indicates that the shift element is required to establish the speed ratio. An (X) indicates the clutch can be applied but is not required. In 4th gear,clutches input 10 andoutput 12. Any one of the remaining shift elements can also be applied. Applyingclutch 76 ensures that all single and two step shifts from 4th gear can be accomplished by engaging only one shift element and releasing only one shift element. When the gear sets have tooth numbers as indicated in Table 1, the speed ratios have the values indicated in Table 2. -
TABLE 2 70 72 74 76 78 80/82 Ratio Step Rev X X X 3.60 78% 1st X X X −4.64 2nd X X X −2.94 1.58 3rd X X X −2.00 1.47 4th X X (X) −1.35 1.48 5th X X X −1.00 1.35 6th X X X −0.85 1.17 7th X X X −0.77 1.11 8th X X X −0.65 1.18 9th X X X −0.55 1.19 - A second example transaxle is illustrated in
FIG. 2 . The sun gears, carriers, and ring gears of gear sets 90 and 100 rotate about the input axis while the sun gears, carriers, and ring gears of gear sets 40 and 50 rotate about a second axis.Ring gear 98 is fixedly coupled tosun gear 106.Carrier 92,carrier 102, andaxis transfer gear 60′ are mutually fixedly coupled.Carrier 42,ring gear 58, andaxis transfer gear 66 are mutually fixedly coupled.Ring gear 48,carrier 52, andoutput 12 are mutually fixedly coupled. To save axial space, gear set 100 is located radially outside gear set 90.Sun gear 56 is selectively held against rotation bybrake 70.Input 10 is selectively coupled toaxis transfer gear 64 byclutch 72 and selectively coupled to the combination ofring gear 98 andsun gear 106 by clutch 76′.Sun gear 96 andsun gear 36 is selectively coupled to input 10 by clutch 74′ and selectively held against rotation bybrake 78′.Ring gear 108 is selectively held against rotation bybrake 80′. Optional one-way-brake 82′ passively precludesring gear 108 from rotating in a negative direction while permitting rotation in the positive direction. A suggested ratio of gear teeth for each planetary gear set and axis transfer gear pair is listed in Table 3. -
TABLE 3 Ring 98/Sun 961.90 Ring 108/Sun 1061.45 Ring 48/Sun 461.90 Ring 58/Sun 563.00 Gear 62/Gear 60′1.00 Gear 66/Gear 641.00 - Various combinations of gear sets, clutches, and brakes selectively impose particular speed relationships. The combination of gear sets 40 and 50 impose a linear speed relationship among
sun gear 46, the combination ofcarrier 42 andring gear 58, the combination ofring 48 andcarrier 52, andsun gear 56. The combination of gear set 50 andbrake 70 selectively constrainring gear 58 to rotate faster thancarrier 52 and in the same direction wheneverbrake 70 is engaged. The combination ofgear 64,gear 66, and clutch 72 selectively imposes a fixed speed ratio betweeninput 10 andgear 66. Finally, the combination of gear sets 90 and 100,clutches 74′ and 76′, andbrakes 78′ and 80′ selectively impose a plurality of speed ratios betweencarrier 102 andinput 10. - As shown in Table 4, engaging the shift elements in combinations of three establishes nine forward speed ratios and one reverse speed ratio between
input 10 andoutput 12. When the gear sets have tooth numbers as indicated in Table 3, the speed ratios have the values indicated in Table 4. -
TABLE 4 70 72 74′ 76′ 78′ 80′/82′ Ratio Step Rev X X X 3.45 72% 1st X X X −4.82 2nd X X X −3.00 1.61 3rd X X X −1.97 1.53 4th X X (X) −1.33 1.48 5th X X X −1.00 1.33 6th X X X −0.85 1.18 7th X X X −0.76 1.11 8th X X X −0.66 1.16 9th X X X −0.55 1.20 - A third example transaxle is illustrated in
FIG. 2 . The sun gears, carriers, and ring gears of gear sets 20 and 30 rotate about the input axis while the sun gears, carriers, and ring gears of gear sets 110 and 120 rotate about a second axis.Sun gear 26 is fixedly coupled tosun gear 36.Ring gear 28,carrier 32, andaxis transfer gear 60 are mutually fixedly coupled.Input 10 andaxis transfer gear 64′ are fixedly coupled.Sun gear 126,ring gear 118, andaxis transfer gear 62′ are mutually fixedly coupled.Ring gear 128,carrier 112, andoutput 12 are mutually fixedly coupled.Sun gear 116 is selectively held against rotation bybrake 70′.Axis transfer gear 66′ is selectively coupled tocarrier 122 by clutch 72′.Input 10 is selectively coupled toring gear 38 byclutch 76. The combination ofsun gear 26 andsun gear 36 is selectively coupled to input 10 byclutch 74 and selectively held against rotation bybrake 78.Carrier 22 is selectively held against rotation bybrake 80. Optional one-way-brake 82 passively precludescarrier 22 from rotating in a negative direction while permitting rotation in the positive direction. A suggested ratio of gear teeth for each planetary gear set and axis transfer gear pair is listed in Table 5. -
TABLE 5 Ring 28/Sun 261.80 Ring 38/Sun 362.13 Ring 118/Sun 1161.50 Ring 128/Sun 1262.00 Gear 62′/Gear 601.00 Gear 66′/Gear 64′1.00 - Various combinations of gear sets, clutches, and brakes selectively impose particular speed relationships. The combination of gear sets 110 and 120 impose a linear speed relationship among the combination of
ring gear 118 andsun gear 126,carrier 122, the combination ofcarrier 112 andring gear 128, andsun gear 116. The combination of gear set 110 and brake 70′ selectively constrainring gear 118 to rotate faster thancarrier 112 and in the same direction wheneverbrake 70′ is engaged. The combination of gear set 120 and clutch 72′ selectively imposes a linear speed relationship amongsun gear 126,axis transfer gear 66′, andring gear 128. Finally, the combination of gear sets 20 and 30,clutches brakes ring gear 28 andinput 10. - As shown in Table 6, engaging the shift elements in combinations of three establishes nine forward speed ratios and one reverse speed ratio between
input 10 andoutput 12. When the gear sets have tooth numbers as indicated in Table 5, the speed ratios have the values indicated in Table 6. -
TABLE 6 70′ 72′ 74 76 78 80/82 Ratio Step Rev X X X 3.00 78% 1st X X X −3.86 2nd X X X −2.45 1.58 3rd X X X −1.67 1.47 4th X X (X) −1.22 1.36 5th X X X −1.00 1.22 6th X X X −0.86 1.16 7th X X X −0.80 1.11 8th X X X −0.67 1.17 9th X X X −0.56 1.19 - While exemplary embodiments are described above, it is not intended that these embodiments describe all possible forms encompassed by the claims. The words used in the specification are words of description rather than limitation, and it is understood that various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. As previously described, the features of various embodiments can be combined to form further embodiments of the invention that may not be explicitly described or illustrated. While various embodiments could have been described as providing advantages or being preferred over other embodiments or prior art implementations with respect to one or more desired characteristics, those of ordinary skill in the art recognize that one or more features or characteristics can be compromised to achieve desired overall system attributes, which depend on the specific application and implementation. These attributes can include, but are not limited to cost, strength, durability, life cycle cost, marketability, appearance, packaging, size, serviceability, weight, manufacturability, ease of assembly, etc. As such, embodiments described as less desirable than other embodiments or prior art implementations with respect to one or more characteristics are not outside the scope of the disclosure and can be desirable for particular applications.
Claims (23)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/917,026 US8920280B1 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2013-06-13 | Multi-speed transmission |
DE102014211209.5A DE102014211209A1 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2014-06-12 | MULTI-STAGE GEARBOX |
CN201410263619.1A CN104235279B (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | Multi-speed transmission |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US13/917,026 US8920280B1 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2013-06-13 | Multi-speed transmission |
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US20140371024A1 true US20140371024A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
US8920280B1 US8920280B1 (en) | 2014-12-30 |
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US13/917,026 Expired - Fee Related US8920280B1 (en) | 2013-06-13 | 2013-06-13 | Multi-speed transmission |
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US (1) | US8920280B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104235279B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014211209A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160040755A1 (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2016-02-11 | Timo WEHLEN | Multi-Speed Gearbox |
US20160102735A1 (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2016-04-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Multi-Speed Transmission |
US10316936B2 (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-06-11 | Hyundai Motor Company | Planetary gear train of automatic transmission for vehicle |
US10451151B2 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-10-22 | Hyundai Motor Company | Planetary gear train of automatic transmission for vehicle |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101786690B1 (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-10-18 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | Planetary gear train of automatic transmission for vehicles |
US10465772B2 (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-11-05 | Hyundai Motor Company | Planetary gear train of automatic transmission for vehicle |
DE102017200802A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-19 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Transmission for a motor vehicle |
DE102017200798A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-19 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Transmission for a motor vehicle |
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DE10115995A1 (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-10 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Multi-speed transmission |
DE102008000428A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Multi-speed transmission |
DE102009028672A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2011-02-24 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Multi-speed transmission |
DE102009028705B4 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2021-07-01 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Multi-speed transmission |
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2013
- 2013-06-13 US US13/917,026 patent/US8920280B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-06-12 DE DE102014211209.5A patent/DE102014211209A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-06-13 CN CN201410263619.1A patent/CN104235279B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US2890603A (en) * | 1957-12-06 | 1959-06-16 | Deere & Co | Tractor transmission-deluxe |
US4624154A (en) * | 1982-12-28 | 1986-11-25 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Drive unit for motor vehicle |
US6984187B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2006-01-10 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Multi-stage gearbox |
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US8388488B2 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2013-03-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Eight, nine and ten speed automatic transmissions |
US8376890B2 (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2013-02-19 | Hyundai Motor Company | Gear train of automatic transmission for vehicles |
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Cited By (5)
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US20160040755A1 (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2016-02-11 | Timo WEHLEN | Multi-Speed Gearbox |
US20160102735A1 (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2016-04-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Multi-Speed Transmission |
US9784340B2 (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2017-10-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Multi-speed transmission |
US10316936B2 (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-06-11 | Hyundai Motor Company | Planetary gear train of automatic transmission for vehicle |
US10451151B2 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-10-22 | Hyundai Motor Company | Planetary gear train of automatic transmission for vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8920280B1 (en) | 2014-12-30 |
DE102014211209A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
CN104235279B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
CN104235279A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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