US20140360169A1 - POST THERMAL CONTROL DEVICE FOR USE WITH A NOx SLIP CATALYST - Google Patents

POST THERMAL CONTROL DEVICE FOR USE WITH A NOx SLIP CATALYST Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140360169A1
US20140360169A1 US14/372,483 US201214372483A US2014360169A1 US 20140360169 A1 US20140360169 A1 US 20140360169A1 US 201214372483 A US201214372483 A US 201214372483A US 2014360169 A1 US2014360169 A1 US 2014360169A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
nsc
treatment system
tcd
gas treatment
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Abandoned
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US14/372,483
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English (en)
Inventor
Adam C. Lack
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International Engine Intellectual Property Co LLC
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International Engine Intellectual Property Co LLC
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Assigned to INTERNATIONAL ENGINE INTELLECTUAL COMPANY, LLC. reassignment INTERNATIONAL ENGINE INTELLECTUAL COMPANY, LLC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LACK, ADAM C.
Publication of US20140360169A1 publication Critical patent/US20140360169A1/en
Assigned to JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT reassignment JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: INTERNATIONAL ENGINE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY COMPANY, LLC, INTERNATIONAL TRUCK INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY COMPANY, LLC, NAVISTAR INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
Assigned to INTERNATIONAL TRUCK INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY COMPANY, LLC, INTERNATIONAL ENGINE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY COMPANY, LLC, NAVISTAR INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION reassignment INTERNATIONAL TRUCK INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY COMPANY, LLC RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/06—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being in the gaseous form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system and method for treating diesel exhaust in a diesel exhaust system.
  • the present invention provides a method for improving the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) in an exhaust gas stream through installation of a thermal control device in conjunction with a NO x slip catalyst, which reduces exhaust gas temperature resulting in greater NO x conversion efficiency.
  • NO x nitrogen oxides
  • Diesel engines are efficient, durable and economical. Diesel exhaust, however, can harm both the environment and people. To reduce this harm, governments, such as the United States and the European Union, have proposed stricter diesel exhaust emission regulations. These environmental regulations require diesel engines to meet the same pollution emission standards as gasoline engines. Typically, to meet such regulations and standards, diesel engine systems require equipment additions and modifications.
  • a lean burning engine provides improved fuel efficiency by operating with an amount of oxygen in excess of the amount necessary for complete combustion of the fuel. Such engines are said to run “lean” or on a “lean mixture.”
  • the increase in fuel efficiency is offset by the creation of undesirable pollution emissions in the form of nitrogen oxides (NO x ).
  • NO x nitrogen oxides
  • Nitrogen oxide emissions are regulated through regular emission testing requirements.
  • One method used to reduce NO x emissions from lean burn internal combustion engines is known as selective catalytic reduction. When used to reduce NO x emissions from a diesel engine, selective catalytic reduction involves injecting atomized urea into the exhaust stream of the engine in relation to one or more selected engine
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • DPF diesel particle filter
  • the DPF is made up of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), which is a ceramic material that heats up in the DPF.
  • DOC diesel oxidation catalyst
  • the filter is used to collect particulate matter from the DPF.
  • the DPF is cleaned of particulate matter at periodic intervals through a regeneration process. Regeneration is the process of removing the accumulated soot from the filter. This is done either passively (from the engine's exhaust heat in normal operation or by adding a catalyst to the filter) or actively by introducing very high heat (more than 600° C. to burn off the particulate matter) into the exhaust system.
  • a method for reducing NO x in an exhaust gas stream of a diesel-engine vehicle comprises the steps of fluidly coupling components of an exhaust gas treatment system package to an engine exhaust gas system, injecting gaseous ammonia into the exhaust gas treatment system package, reducing an outgoing temperature of engine exhaust gas prior to exiting the system, and, reducing the level of NO x to an acceptable level.
  • a thermal control device in conjunction with a NO x slip catalyst (NSC) is incorporated into the system to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas.
  • an exhaust gas treatment system for use in reducing NO x in an exhaust gas stream of a diesel-engine vehicle, is disclosed.
  • the system comprises a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC); a mixer fluidly coupled to the DOC, a diesel particulate filter DPF fluidly coupled to the DOC and mixer, a thermal control device (TCD) positioned after the DPF, a NO x slip catalyst (NSC) positioned in conjunction with the TCD, and at least one temperature sensor (TS).
  • DOC diesel oxidation catalyst
  • TCD thermal control device
  • NSC NO x slip catalyst
  • TS temperature sensor
  • multiple temperature sensors may be used in a variety of locations among the components of the system.
  • a method for reducing NO x in an exhaust gas stream in a diesel-engine vehicle after filter regeneration comprises fluidly coupling components of an exhaust gas treatment system package to an engine exhaust gas system, superheating exhaust gas prior to entry into the exhaust gas treatment system package, injecting gaseous ammonia into the exhaust gas treatment system package, incorporating a NO x slip catalyst (NSC) into the exhaust gas treatment system, reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas prior to entry into the NSC, and reducing the level of NO x to an acceptable level.
  • NSC NO x slip catalyst
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of an EGR system as currently employed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic of an embodiment of an EGR system incorporating a thermal control device and NO x slip catalyst.
  • the exhaust gas treatment system 10 consists of, in order of exhaust gas flow, a pre-diesel oxidation catalyst (pre-DOC) 112 , a main diesel oxidation catalyst (main DOC) 114 , a mixing chamber 116 , a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 118 .
  • pre-DOC pre-diesel oxidation catalyst
  • main DOC main diesel oxidation catalyst
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • the pre-DOC 112 , main DOC 114 , mixing chamber 116 , and DPF 118 are exhaust gas treatment structures present in most diesel exhaust gas treatment systems. Such structures will be generally referenced herein and identified in the drawing figures but, as each of these additional exhaust treatment structures is commonly understood by those skilled in the art, a detailed discussion of the operation of each will not be presented.
  • the mixing chamber 116 is fluidly connected to a gaseous ammonia (NH 3 ) injector 116 a, through which NH 3 is injected into the mixing chamber to mix with the exhaust stream.
  • the gaseous ammonia may be supplied through a solid ammonia source. The NH 3 reacts with the exhaust stream, further reducing the amount of NO x in the exhaust stream.
  • FIG. 2 there is illustrated an improved exhaust gas treatment system package 110 of the system package 10 described above.
  • a thermal control device (TCD) 120 and a NO x slip catalyst (NSC) 122 are added to the components of the system 10 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Incorporation of the TCD 120 in conjunction with the NSC 122 results in an exhaust gas treatment system 110 with enhanced overall exhaust system NO x conversion during active DPF regeneration.
  • TCD thermal control device
  • NSC NO x slip catalyst
  • the present system incorporates a thermal control device (TCD) 120 to assist in reducing the temperature of the exhaust stream through the system 110 .
  • TCD 120 may be positioned after the DPF 118 , but before the NSC 122 in the system 110 ; however, it should be understood that the TCD can be used anywhere in the system depending on design and specifications.
  • the TCD 120 functions to reduce the exhaust temperature prior to entry into the NSC 122 .
  • any residual NO x generated by the DPF regeneration may be captured in the NSC.
  • Thermal control devices 122 useful in the present application may include a radiator-type device having a coolant flowing there through for absorbing the additional heat, a series of heat dissipating fins, having a high surface area for heat dissipation as the exhaust travels through or any of a wide variety of other known thermal control devices. While various thermal control devices may be useful in the present system, the ultimate goal is the reduction of the exhaust temperature to an acceptable level resulting in lower NO x generation to meet current emission standards.
  • the present system 110 includes at least one temperature sensor 124 .
  • the temperature sensors 124 may be positioned in a variety of locations among the other components of the system 110 , including after the TCD 122 and before the NSC 120 , after the NSC only, or after both the TCD and NSC.
  • the temperature sensors 124 may be positioned before the pre-DOC 112 , after the main DOC 114 , or anywhere else within the components of the system 110 where it may be beneficial to monitor the temperature of the exhaust stream.
  • the temperature sensors 124 which may be resistance type temperature sensors, are useful for indicating the current temperature of the exhaust stream temperature during and after regeneration, as well as throughout the system 110 generally.
  • the temperature sensors 124 may send readings back to the electronic control module (not shown) of the system, which than activates or de-activates the TCD 122 depending on the temperature reading of the exhaust stream in the system.
  • Diesel particulate filters typically require periodic regeneration.
  • the present method provides reducing NO x in an exhaust gas stream in a diesel-engine vehicle after particulate filter regeneration.
  • the method includes fluidly coupling components of an exhaust gas treatment system package, including a DOC, mixer and DPF, to an engine exhaust gas system, applying superheated exhaust gas into the exhaust gas treatment system package for filter regeneration, injecting gaseous ammonia into the exhaust gas treatment system package for NO x reduction, incorporating a NO x slip catalyst (NSC) into the exhaust gas treatment system, reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas prior to entry into the NSC, and further reducing the level of NO x to an acceptable level.
  • NSC NO x slip catalyst

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
US14/372,483 2012-01-19 2012-01-19 POST THERMAL CONTROL DEVICE FOR USE WITH A NOx SLIP CATALYST Abandoned US20140360169A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2012/021795 WO2013109271A1 (fr) 2012-01-19 2012-01-19 Dispositif de commande post-thermique destiné à être utilisé dans un catalyseur de nox à glissement

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US14/372,483 Abandoned US20140360169A1 (en) 2012-01-19 2012-01-19 POST THERMAL CONTROL DEVICE FOR USE WITH A NOx SLIP CATALYST

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112696251A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-23 潍柴动力股份有限公司 一种scr转化效率恢复方法、装置及车辆
CN114297577A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-04-08 东风商用车有限公司 基于doc转化效率的可再生次数估算方法
US11867112B1 (en) 2023-03-07 2024-01-09 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Logic for improved delta pressure based soot estimation on low restriction particulate filters
US11994056B1 (en) 2023-03-07 2024-05-28 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Logic for improved delta pressure based soot estimation on low restriction particulate filters

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040206069A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-10-21 Prasad Tumati Thermal management of exhaust systems
DE102004041261A1 (de) * 2004-08-26 2006-03-02 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Abgasreinigungseinrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs
US20110219745A1 (en) * 2010-03-12 2011-09-15 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Method and apparatus for gaseous mixing in a diesel exhaust system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040206069A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-10-21 Prasad Tumati Thermal management of exhaust systems
DE102004041261A1 (de) * 2004-08-26 2006-03-02 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Abgasreinigungseinrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs
US20110219745A1 (en) * 2010-03-12 2011-09-15 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Method and apparatus for gaseous mixing in a diesel exhaust system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Machine Translation DE 10 2004 041 261 Done 04/15/2015 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112696251A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-23 潍柴动力股份有限公司 一种scr转化效率恢复方法、装置及车辆
CN114297577A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-04-08 东风商用车有限公司 基于doc转化效率的可再生次数估算方法
US11867112B1 (en) 2023-03-07 2024-01-09 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Logic for improved delta pressure based soot estimation on low restriction particulate filters
US11994056B1 (en) 2023-03-07 2024-05-28 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Logic for improved delta pressure based soot estimation on low restriction particulate filters

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Publication number Publication date
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